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Nikol Ross
Minnesota Department of Agriculture, 625 Robert Street North, St. Paul, Minneapolis, MN 55155, USA

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Journal article
Published: 25 November 2016 in Water
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Treatment wetlands are increasingly needed to remove nitrate from agricultural drainage water to protect downstream waters, such as the Gulf of Mexico. This project sought to develop a new edge-of-field treatment wetland, designed to remove nitrate-nitrogen and enhance phosphorus removal by plant harvest and to monitor its effectiveness. A 0.10 ha wetland was designed and installed to treat subsurface drainage flow from farmland in southwestern Minnesota, USA, in 2013, and monitored for three years by recording flow, nitrate-nitrogen, total phosphorus (TP) and soluble orthophosphorus (OP) input to and output from the wetland. Prior to construction, a level-pool routing, mass balance approach with DRAINMOD flow inputs was used to predict nitrate removal efficiency. Nitrate load removal averaged 68% over three years, nearly matching model predictions. However, most denitrification occurred in the sub-soil of the wetland rather than in surface flow as predicted. Phosphorus removal was approximately 76% over three years, and phosphorus removed by plant uptake exceeded inflow mass in the third year. The edge-of-field design has potential as a cost-effective method to treat field outflows because agricultural landowners can adopt this treatment system with minimal loss of productive farmland. The wet-prairie vegetation and shallow depth also provide the opportunity to remove additional phosphorus via vegetative harvest.

ACS Style

Christian Lenhart; Brad Gordon; Joshua Gamble; Dean Current; Nikol Ross; Lydia Herring; John Nieber; Heidi Peterson. Design and Hydrologic Performance of a Tile Drainage Treatment Wetland in Minnesota, USA. Water 2016, 8, 549 .

AMA Style

Christian Lenhart, Brad Gordon, Joshua Gamble, Dean Current, Nikol Ross, Lydia Herring, John Nieber, Heidi Peterson. Design and Hydrologic Performance of a Tile Drainage Treatment Wetland in Minnesota, USA. Water. 2016; 8 (12):549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christian Lenhart; Brad Gordon; Joshua Gamble; Dean Current; Nikol Ross; Lydia Herring; John Nieber; Heidi Peterson. 2016. "Design and Hydrologic Performance of a Tile Drainage Treatment Wetland in Minnesota, USA." Water 8, no. 12: 549.