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Nsalambi Nkongolo
Institut Facultaire des Sciences Agronomiques (IFA) de Yangambi, Kisangani BP 1232, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Soil Systems
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Assessment of the effects of crop management practices on soil physical properties is largely limited to soil moisture content, air content or bulk density, which can take considerable time to change. However, soil pore space indices evolve rapidly and could quickly detect changes in soil properties resulting from crop management practices, but they are not often measured. The objective of this study was to investigate how soil pore space indices—relative gas diffusion coefficient (Ds/Do) and pore tortuosity factor (τ)—are affected by tillage system (TL), cover crop (CC) and crop rotation (CR). A study was conducted on silt loam soil at Freeman farm, Lincoln University of Missouri during the 2011 to 2013 growing seasons. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with two tillage systems (no tillage or no-till vs conventional tillage), two cover crops (no rye vs cereal rye (Secale cereale L.)) and four crop rotations (continuous corn (Zea mays L.), continuous soybean (Glycine max L.), corn–soybean and soybean–corn successions). All the treatments were replicated three times for a total of 48 experimental units. Soils were collected from two sampling depths (SD), 0–10 and 10–20 cm, in each treatment and soil physical properties, including bulk density (BD), air-filled porosity (AFP, fa) and total pore space (TPS, Φ), were calculated. Gas diffusivity models following AFP and/or TPS were used to predict Ds/Do and τ values. Results showed that, overall, Ds/Do was significantly increased in no-tilled plots planted to cereal rye in 2012 (p = 0.001) and in 2013 (p = 0.05). No-tilled continuous corn, followed by continuous soybean and no-tilled soybean–corn rotations had the highest Ds/Do values, respectively. In magnitude, Ds/Do was also increased in no-till plots at the lower depth (10–20 cm). No-tilled plots planted with cereal rye significantly reduced τ in 2012 (p = 0.001) and in 2013 (p = 0.05). Finally, at the upper depth (0–10 cm), the no-tilled corn–soybean rotation and the tilled soybean–corn rotation had the lowest τ. However, at the lower depth (10–20 cm), the four crop rotations were not significantly different in their τ values. These results can be useful to quickly assess the changes in soil physical properties because of crop management practices and make necessary changes to enhance agricultural resilience.

ACS Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi Nkongolo. No Tillage Improved Soil Pore Space Indices under Cover Crop and Crop Rotation. Soil Systems 2021, 5, 38 .

AMA Style

Dinesh Panday, Nsalambi Nkongolo. No Tillage Improved Soil Pore Space Indices under Cover Crop and Crop Rotation. Soil Systems. 2021; 5 (3):38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi Nkongolo. 2021. "No Tillage Improved Soil Pore Space Indices under Cover Crop and Crop Rotation." Soil Systems 5, no. 3: 38.

Research article
Published: 26 May 2021 in World Water Policy
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A significant proportion of city dwellers in Ghana reside in slums where groundwater is the major source of water for domestic uses. This study examined the quality of groundwater from boreholes (seven) and hand-dug wells (13) in five major slums in the city of Accra, Ghana. Water samples were tested for a total of 27 microbial and physicochemical contaminants at the central laboratory of the Ghana Water Company Limited. Overall, the water quality in the slums was poor as most of the parameters tested did not meet the 2017 WHO standards. Four out of the five slums (in Nima, Chorkor, Jamestown, and Abokobi-Pantang), for instance, recorded high amounts of lead, with average values of 0.25 mg/L, 1.00 mg/L, 0.25 mg/L, and 1.5 mg/L, respectively, which are above the WHO standard of 0.01 mg/L. pH values in Nima (5.09), Sabon Zongo, Chorkor (6.09), and Abokobi-Pantang (6.17) did not meet the WHO standard of 6.5–8.5. All five slums indicated various degrees of bacteriological contamination. The average Escherichia coli values per slum ranged between 12.50 CFU/100 ml and 249.00 CFU/100 ml, while the mean total coliform per slum ranged from 90.75 CFU/100 ml to 490.25 CFU/100 ml. The poor quality of groundwater found is attributable to improper disposal of waste, siting of boreholes/wells close to toilets, and the coastal location of some of the slums. Strict enforcement of water-quality control checks, intensive sensitization on the dangers of improper waste disposal to groundwater quality, and the provision of sanitation facilities in the slums by city authorities are highly recommended.

ACS Style

Joan A. Ketadzo; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo; Mark M. Akrofi. Empirical analysis of the impact of urbanization on groundwater quality within the slums of Accra, Ghana. World Water Policy 2021, 7, 112 -131.

AMA Style

Joan A. Ketadzo, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo, Mark M. Akrofi. Empirical analysis of the impact of urbanization on groundwater quality within the slums of Accra, Ghana. World Water Policy. 2021; 7 (1):112-131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joan A. Ketadzo; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo; Mark M. Akrofi. 2021. "Empirical analysis of the impact of urbanization on groundwater quality within the slums of Accra, Ghana." World Water Policy 7, no. 1: 112-131.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2020 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Declining biodiversity and ecosystem functions put many of nature’s contributions to people at risk. We review and synthesize the scientific literature to assess 50-y global trends across a broad range of nature’s contributions. We distinguish among trends in potential and realized contributions of nature, as well as environmental conditions and the impacts of changes in nature on human quality of life. We find declining trends in the potential for nature to contribute in the majority of material, nonmaterial, and regulating contributions assessed. However, while the realized production of regulating contributions has decreased, realized production of agricultural and many material commodities has increased. Environmental declines negatively affect quality of life, but social adaptation and the availability of substitutes partially offset this decline for some of nature’s contributions. Adaptation and substitutes, however, are often imperfect and come at some cost. For many of the contributions of nature, we find differing trends across different countries and regions, income classes, and ethnic and social groups, reinforcing the argument for more consistent and equitable measurement.

ACS Style

Kate A. Brauman; Lucas A. Garibaldi; Stephen Polasky; Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas; Pedro H. S. Brancalion; Fabrice DeClerck; Ute Jacob; Matias Enrique Mastrangelo; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo; Hannes Palang; Néstor Pérez-Méndez; Lynne J. Shannon; Uttam Babu Shrestha; Evelyn Strombom; Madhu Verma. Global trends in nature’s contributions to people. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2020, 117, 32799 -32805.

AMA Style

Kate A. Brauman, Lucas A. Garibaldi, Stephen Polasky, Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Fabrice DeClerck, Ute Jacob, Matias Enrique Mastrangelo, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo, Hannes Palang, Néstor Pérez-Méndez, Lynne J. Shannon, Uttam Babu Shrestha, Evelyn Strombom, Madhu Verma. Global trends in nature’s contributions to people. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020; 117 (51):32799-32805.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kate A. Brauman; Lucas A. Garibaldi; Stephen Polasky; Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas; Pedro H. S. Brancalion; Fabrice DeClerck; Ute Jacob; Matias Enrique Mastrangelo; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo; Hannes Palang; Néstor Pérez-Méndez; Lynne J. Shannon; Uttam Babu Shrestha; Evelyn Strombom; Madhu Verma. 2020. "Global trends in nature’s contributions to people." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 51: 32799-32805.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2020 in Journal of African Earth Sciences
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Quantification and analysis of urban greenness is important in evaluating the role of urban trees in carbon sequestration and regulating land surface temperature of an urban environment. Landsat 8 satellite data was used to evaluate the effects of urban heat island based on land surface temperature (LST) in the affluent suburb of Rosebank in the north and the previously marginalized township of Soweto south of Johannesburg. It was found that the LST of Soweto was 2.58 °C hotter than Rosebank, suggesting that high-density areas with less street trees and parks are hotter than low-density suburbs. The Pearson's correlation coefficient computed between the LST and the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) or the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the two areas, Rosebank and Soweto showed a positive correlation of 0.92 and 0.98) and a negative correlation of −0.91 and −0.99 respectively. The correlation between the NDVI and NDBI also showed negative values of −0.90 and −0.85, respectively. Based on the global bench mark for safe solar UVI, the residents of Soweto are likely to be at risk of skin and eye damage due to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation than the residents of Rosebank. Thus, this study has effectively computed and evaluated the land surface temperatures of the two study areas from Landsat 8 satellite data, an information which can help potential vegetation cover programs to improve existing disparity in urban greenness in the city of Johannesburg.

ACS Style

Marko Freddy Mudede; Solomon W. Newete; Khaled Abutaleb; Nsalambi Nkongolo. Monitoring the urban environment quality in the city of Johannesburg using remote sensing data. Journal of African Earth Sciences 2020, 171, 103969 .

AMA Style

Marko Freddy Mudede, Solomon W. Newete, Khaled Abutaleb, Nsalambi Nkongolo. Monitoring the urban environment quality in the city of Johannesburg using remote sensing data. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2020; 171 ():103969.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marko Freddy Mudede; Solomon W. Newete; Khaled Abutaleb; Nsalambi Nkongolo. 2020. "Monitoring the urban environment quality in the city of Johannesburg using remote sensing data." Journal of African Earth Sciences 171, no. : 103969.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2020 in The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science
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The importance of urban green space has over the years grown into an indispensable component of green infrastructure incorporated in urban planning and design as investment to promote the well-being of city dwellers. The continuous advancement in remote sensing spatial and spectral resolutions has made it possible to effectively map and evaluate urban green space for better management. The urban greenness index between the affluent suburb of Rosebank in the north and the poor Township of Soweto in the south, of Johannesburg city was assessed and compared to determine the environmental quality between the two areas. The total above ground biomass (AGB) of the two predominantly occurring street trees, Jacaranda mimosifolia and Platanus x acerifolia in Rosebank was estimated using existing allometric equations for the respective species. An equation was derived from the correlation of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values extracted from SPOT 6 image and AGB of Rosebank. The same equation was then used to extrapolate and estimate the AGB of Soweto. The results showed that Rosebank had the lowest total AGB of approximately 113,179 ton, while that of Soweto was approximately 504,400 ton. However, the greenness index of Rosebank (83%) was greater than in Soweto (14%), indicating a pattern of ecological disparity between the two areas. These findings could be useful for designing a sound urban planning and policy formulation for the city of Johannesburg.

ACS Style

Khaled Abutaleb; Marko Freddy Mudede; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Solomon W. Newete. Estimating urban greenness index using remote sensing data: A case study of an affluent vs poor suburbs in the city of Johannesburg. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Khaled Abutaleb, Marko Freddy Mudede, Nsalambi Nkongolo, Solomon W. Newete. Estimating urban greenness index using remote sensing data: A case study of an affluent vs poor suburbs in the city of Johannesburg. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khaled Abutaleb; Marko Freddy Mudede; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Solomon W. Newete. 2020. "Estimating urban greenness index using remote sensing data: A case study of an affluent vs poor suburbs in the city of Johannesburg." The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2020 in Agriculture
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Cover cropping, tillage and crop rotation management can influence soil nutrient availability and crop yield through changes in soil physical, chemical and biological processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of three years of cover crop, tillage, and crop rotation on selected soil nutrients. Twenty-four plots each of corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) were established on a 4.05 ha field and arranged in a three-factor factorial design. The three factors (treatments) were two methods of tillage (no-tillage (NT) vs. moldboard plow [conventional] tillage (CT)), two types of cover crop (no cover crop (NC) vs. cover crop (CC)) and four typess of rotation (continuous corn, continuous soybean, corn/soybean and soybean/corn). Soil samples were taken each year at four different depths in each plot; 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm, and analyzed for soil nutrients: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), nitrogen (NO3 and NH4), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu). The results in the first year showed that CT increased NO3-N availability by 40% compared with NT. In the second year, NH4-N was 8% lower under CC compared with NC management. In the third year, P was 12% greater under CC management compared with NC management. Thus, CC can enhance crop production systems by increasing P availability and scavenging excess NH4-N from the soil, but longer-term studies are needed to evaluate long-term effects.

ACS Style

Samuel I. Haruna; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Influence of Cover Crop, Tillage, and Crop Rotation Management on Soil Nutrients. Agriculture 2020, 10, 225 .

AMA Style

Samuel I. Haruna, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Influence of Cover Crop, Tillage, and Crop Rotation Management on Soil Nutrients. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (6):225.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel I. Haruna; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2020. "Influence of Cover Crop, Tillage, and Crop Rotation Management on Soil Nutrients." Agriculture 10, no. 6: 225.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2019 in Sustainability
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Research results still vary, especially between locations, on the effects of agricultural practices on soil chemical properties and crop yield, and not all reasons for the variation are fully understood. Thus, this study investigated the influence of tillage, cover crop and crop rotation management practices on selected soil chemical properties. The study was conducted on a silt-loam soil in central Missouri during the 2011 to 2013 growing seasons. The soil was managed by moldboard plow tillage at two levels (tillage [till] vs. no-tillage [NT]). Cover crop management included cereal rye (Secale cereale) at two levels (cover crop [CC] vs. no cover crop [NC]). The main crops that were grown were a corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation. The soil samples were collected each year at 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm depths for the analysis of soil chemical properties. The results showed that after 3 years of study, the relative increase in percent soil organic matter (OM) was 4% under the no-till management as compared with moldboard plow tillage. In addition, the relative change in the percentage of OM was 8% greater in the CC management compared with NC. Furthermore, the results show a significant improvement (p = 0.0304) in total carbon with a combination of no-till management and a corn/soybean rotation as compared with continuous corn and soybean. The interaction effects of the management practices on the soil chemical properties were difficult to predict throughout the study.

ACS Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo. Tillage, Cover Crop and Crop Rotation Effects on Selected Soil Chemical Properties. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2770 .

AMA Style

Samuel Haruna, Nsalambi Nkongolo. Tillage, Cover Crop and Crop Rotation Effects on Selected Soil Chemical Properties. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (10):2770.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo. 2019. "Tillage, Cover Crop and Crop Rotation Effects on Selected Soil Chemical Properties." Sustainability 11, no. 10: 2770.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2019 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Livestock production is important for food security, nutrition, and landscape maintenance, but it is associated with several environmental impacts. To assess the risk and benefits arising from livestock production, transparent and robust indicators are required, such as those offered by life cycle assessment. A central question in such approaches is how environmental burden is allocated to livestock products and to manure that is re-used for agricultural production. To incentivize sustainable use of manure, it should be considered as a co-product as long as it is not disposed of, or wasted, or applied in excess of crop nutrient needs, in which case it should be treated as a waste. This paper proposes a theoretical approach to define nutrient requirements based on nutrient response curves to economic and physical optima and a pragmatic approach based on crop nutrient yield adjusted for nutrient losses to atmosphere and water. Allocation of environmental burden to manure and other livestock products is then based on the nutrient value from manure for crop production using the price of fertilizer nutrients. We illustrate and discuss the proposed method with two case studies.

ACS Style

Adrian Leip; Stewart Ledgard; Aimable Uwizeye; Julio C.P. Palhares; M. Fernanda Aller; Barbara Amon; Michael Binder; Claudia Cordovil; Camillo De Camillis; Hongming Dong; Alessandra Fusi; Janne Helin; Stefan Hörtenhuber; Alexander N. Hristov; Richard Koelsch; ChunJiang Liu; Cargele Masso; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Amlan K. Patra; Matthew R. Redding; Mariana C. Rufino; Ruben Sakrabani; Greg Thoma; Françoise Vertes; Ying Wang. The value of manure - Manure as co-product in life cycle assessment. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 241, 293 -304.

AMA Style

Adrian Leip, Stewart Ledgard, Aimable Uwizeye, Julio C.P. Palhares, M. Fernanda Aller, Barbara Amon, Michael Binder, Claudia Cordovil, Camillo De Camillis, Hongming Dong, Alessandra Fusi, Janne Helin, Stefan Hörtenhuber, Alexander N. Hristov, Richard Koelsch, ChunJiang Liu, Cargele Masso, Nsalambi Nkongolo, Amlan K. Patra, Matthew R. Redding, Mariana C. Rufino, Ruben Sakrabani, Greg Thoma, Françoise Vertes, Ying Wang. The value of manure - Manure as co-product in life cycle assessment. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 241 ():293-304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adrian Leip; Stewart Ledgard; Aimable Uwizeye; Julio C.P. Palhares; M. Fernanda Aller; Barbara Amon; Michael Binder; Claudia Cordovil; Camillo De Camillis; Hongming Dong; Alessandra Fusi; Janne Helin; Stefan Hörtenhuber; Alexander N. Hristov; Richard Koelsch; ChunJiang Liu; Cargele Masso; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Amlan K. Patra; Matthew R. Redding; Mariana C. Rufino; Ruben Sakrabani; Greg Thoma; Françoise Vertes; Ying Wang. 2019. "The value of manure - Manure as co-product in life cycle assessment." Journal of Environmental Management 241, no. : 293-304.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science
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ACS Style

Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Effect of Landscape Position on the Concentration and Distribution of Soil Carbon Fractions at Busby Forest in Central Missouri. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 2018, 121, 377 -385.

AMA Style

Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Effect of Landscape Position on the Concentration and Distribution of Soil Carbon Fractions at Busby Forest in Central Missouri. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 2018; 121 (3-4):377-385.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2018. "Effect of Landscape Position on the Concentration and Distribution of Soil Carbon Fractions at Busby Forest in Central Missouri." Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 121, no. 3-4: 377-385.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science
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ACS Style

Dipti Rai; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Comparison between a Photo-Acoustic Analyzer System (PAS) and Gas Chromatograph (GC) for Measuring CO2 and N2O Emissions in a Corn/Soybean Field. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 2018, 121, 351 -360.

AMA Style

Dipti Rai, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Comparison between a Photo-Acoustic Analyzer System (PAS) and Gas Chromatograph (GC) for Measuring CO2 and N2O Emissions in a Corn/Soybean Field. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 2018; 121 (3-4):351-360.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dipti Rai; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2018. "Comparison between a Photo-Acoustic Analyzer System (PAS) and Gas Chromatograph (GC) for Measuring CO2 and N2O Emissions in a Corn/Soybean Field." Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 121, no. 3-4: 351-360.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Pedosphere
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ACS Style

Samuel Haruna; Stephen H. Anderson; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Syaharudin Zaibon. Soil Hydraulic Properties: Influence of Tillage and Cover Crops. Pedosphere 2018, 28, 430 -442.

AMA Style

Samuel Haruna, Stephen H. Anderson, Nsalambi Nkongolo, Syaharudin Zaibon. Soil Hydraulic Properties: Influence of Tillage and Cover Crops. Pedosphere. 2018; 28 (3):430-442.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Haruna; Stephen H. Anderson; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Syaharudin Zaibon. 2018. "Soil Hydraulic Properties: Influence of Tillage and Cover Crops." Pedosphere 28, no. 3: 430-442.

Journal article
Published: 03 March 2018 in Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
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Water is usually the most limiting factor in agricultural grain crop production. Various agricultural management practices, such as tillage and use of cover crops, have the potential to influence water infiltration into soil. This study was conducted on a Waldron silt loam (fine, smectitic, calcareous, mesic Aeric Fluvaquents) soil to evaluate the influence of cover crop and tillage management on in situ infiltration. The field site included three replicate blocks in a randomized complete block design with each plot measuring 21.3 m (69.9 ft) length and 12.2 m (40 ft) width. The two treatment factors included cover crop at two levels (cereal rye [Secale cereale] cover crop [CC] versus no cover crop [NC]) and tillage at two levels (moldboard plow tillage [Till] versus no-tillage [NT]). Continuous corn (Zea mays L.) was grown. Infiltration rates were measured in all the treatments using a Mariotte system with single-ring infiltrometers during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Water infiltration parameters were estimated using the Parlange and Green-Ampt infiltration equations. Parlange and Green-Ampt models appeared to fit measured data well with coefficient of variation ranging from 0.92 to 0.99. In 2014, the saturated hydraulic conductivity (KS) parameter value determined from the Parlange model was 30.4 mm h−1 (1.2 in hr−1) for NT, about 42% greater than Till. The KS parameter value determined from the Green-Ampt model was 25.9 mm h−1 (1 in hr−1) for NT, about 54% greater than Till. In 2015, the sorptivity (S) parameter value determined from the Parlange model was 38.6 mm h−0.5 (1.5 in hr−0.5) for CC, about 82% greater than NC. The S parameter value determined from the Green-Ampt model was 34 mm h−0.5 (1.3 in hr−0.5) for CC, about 90% greater than NC. Cover crop management can increase water infiltration, which can improve soil quality and enhance the sustainability of crop production systems.

ACS Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo; S.H. Anderson; F. Eivazi; Syaharudin Zaibon. In situ infiltration as influenced by cover crop and tillage management. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 2018, 73, 164 -172.

AMA Style

Samuel Haruna, Nsalambi Nkongolo, S.H. Anderson, F. Eivazi, Syaharudin Zaibon. In situ infiltration as influenced by cover crop and tillage management. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 2018; 73 (2):164-172.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo; S.H. Anderson; F. Eivazi; Syaharudin Zaibon. 2018. "In situ infiltration as influenced by cover crop and tillage management." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 73, no. 2: 164-172.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2017 in Soil Science Society of America Journal
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Heat transport is an important factor that can influence the soil environment. The objective of this study was to determine if perennial biofuel and cover crops could alter soil thermal properties. Experimental treatments included two levels of cover crops (cover crops [CC] vs. no cover crops) [NC], collectively called row crops (RC), and two biofuel crop treatments. Cover crops used included cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa subsp. villosa), and Austrian winter pea [Pisum sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Asch. & Graebn]. The two biofuel treatments included perennial biofuel crops (PB): giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus J.M. Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Soil samples were collected at 10-cm depth increments from the soil surface to a depth of 30 cm. Soil thermal properties (thermal conductivity [λ], volumetric heat capacity [CV], thermal diffusivity [D]), and volumetric water content (θ) were determined at 0, -33, -100 and -300 kPa soil water matric potentials. Additionally, bulk density and soil organic C (SOC) were determined. Results showed that PB had 11% higher CV at saturation, probably because they had significantly higher θ and SOC than RC management. Cover crops had 13% higher CV at saturation probably because they had significantly higher θ and SOC than no cover crop management. Row crops had significantly higher λ and D than PB. The results from the current study imply that CC and PB can change soil thermal properties by reducing λ and D and increasing CV under laboratory conditions. Copyright © 2017. . Copyright © by the Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

ACS Style

Samuel I. Haruna; Stephen H. Anderson; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Timothy Reinbott; Syaharudin Zaibon. Soil Thermal Properties Influenced by Perennial Biofuel and Cover Crop Management. Soil Science Society of America Journal 2017, 81, 1147 -1156.

AMA Style

Samuel I. Haruna, Stephen H. Anderson, Nsalambi Nkongolo, Timothy Reinbott, Syaharudin Zaibon. Soil Thermal Properties Influenced by Perennial Biofuel and Cover Crop Management. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 2017; 81 (5):1147-1156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel I. Haruna; Stephen H. Anderson; Nsalambi Nkongolo; Timothy Reinbott; Syaharudin Zaibon. 2017. "Soil Thermal Properties Influenced by Perennial Biofuel and Cover Crop Management." Soil Science Society of America Journal 81, no. 5: 1147-1156.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2016 in Canadian Journal of Soil Science
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Several models predict soil pore space indices (the relative gas diffusion coefficient, Ds/Do and the pore tortuosity, τ), but information is lacking on which models predicted indices better relate to soil processes. We compared pore space indices’ predictive models based on air-filled porosity (fa) alone vs. models using air-filled porosity and total pore space (Φ) (fa + Φ). We also assessed the relationships between these indices and CO2 and N2O. The study was conducted from 2011 to 2014 on a silt loam soil at Lincoln University. Soil samples were collected at 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth and oven dried at 105 °C for 72 h. After drying, fa and Φ were calculated and later used in models for predicting Ds/Do and τ. CO2 and N2O were measured with a Shimadzu gas chromatograph (GC) and a photoacoustic gas analyzer (PSA). Results showed that Ds/Do predicted using fa alone (Marshall and Buckingham) was higher as compared with values predicted with models based on fa + Φ (Sallam et al., Millington, and Jin and Jury) (P < 0.001). However, values of τ predicted with models based on fa alone were lowest (P < 0.001). CO2 and N2O measured with GC better related with Ds/Do and τ.

ACS Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Comparison of models for predicting pore space indices and their relationships with CO2 and N2O fluxes in a corn–soybean field. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 2016, 96, 328 -335.

AMA Style

Dinesh Panday, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Comparison of models for predicting pore space indices and their relationships with CO2 and N2O fluxes in a corn–soybean field. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 2016; 96 (3):328-335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2016. "Comparison of models for predicting pore space indices and their relationships with CO2 and N2O fluxes in a corn–soybean field." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 96, no. 3: 328-335.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2016 in African Journal of Range & Forage Science
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ACS Style

Rebecca Zengeni; Vincent Kakembo; Nsalambi Nkongolo. Soil carbon dioxide effluxes from different vegetation environments in semi-arid Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 2016, 33, 111 -118.

AMA Style

Rebecca Zengeni, Vincent Kakembo, Nsalambi Nkongolo. Soil carbon dioxide effluxes from different vegetation environments in semi-arid Eastern Cape, South Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science. 2016; 33 (2):111-118.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rebecca Zengeni; Vincent Kakembo; Nsalambi Nkongolo. 2016. "Soil carbon dioxide effluxes from different vegetation environments in semi-arid Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 33, no. 2: 111-118.

Articles
Published: 04 April 2016 in Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis
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Quantification of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions in grasslands is vital for estimating C sequestration and climate change studies. We quantified background soil total carbon (TOC) status, recalcitrant carbon (RC), acid hydrolysable labile carbon (AHC), hot- and cold-water extractable carbon (HWC and CWC, respectively) fractions in the grassland in this study. Soil C fractions were as follows: TOC (11,633 to 15,525 mg C kg−1); RC (11,500 to 15,357 mg C kg−1); AHC (132 to 168 mg C kg−1); HWC (57 to 70 mg C kg−1); and CWC (27 to 33 mg C kg−1). Labile C fractions contributed at most 1.2% to total C. Concentrations of total N ranged from 1072 to 1230 g N kg−1. Recalcitrant C contributed higher amounts (>90%) to total C, indicating the incorporation of C into the stable C fraction. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes were not significantly correlated with total C.

ACS Style

Shade J. Akinsete; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Fractions of a Grassland in Central Missouri, USA. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2016, 47, 1128 -1136.

AMA Style

Shade J. Akinsete, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Fractions of a Grassland in Central Missouri, USA. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 2016; 47 (9):1128-1136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shade J. Akinsete; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2016. "Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Fractions of a Grassland in Central Missouri, USA." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 47, no. 9: 1128-1136.

Journal article
Published: 19 August 2015 in Climate
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Soil water potential (Ψ) controls the dynamics of water in soils and can therefore affect greenhouse gas fluxes. We examined the relationship between soil moisture content (θ) at five different levels of water potential (Ψ = 0, −0.05, −0.1, −0.33 and −15 bar) and greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, CO2; nitrous oxide, N2O and methane, CH4) fluxes. The study was conducted in 2011 in a silt loam soil at Freeman farm of Lincoln University. Soil samples were collected at two depths: 0–10 and 10–20 cm and their bulk densities were measured. Samples were later saturated then brought into a pressure plate for measurements of Ψ and θ. Soil air samples for greenhouse gas flux analyses were collected using static and vented chambers, 30 cm in height and 20 cm in diameter. Determination of CO2, CH4 and N2O concentrations from soil air samples were done using a Shimadzu Gas Chromatograph (GC-14). Results showed that there were significant correlations between greenhouse gas fluxes and θ held at various Ψ in the 0–10 cm depth of soil group. For instance, θ at Ψ = 0 positively correlated with measured CO2 (p = 0.0043, r = 0.49), N2O (p = 0.0020, r = 0.64) and negatively correlated with CH4 (p = 0.0125, r = −0.44) fluxes. Regression analysis showed that 24%, 41% and 19% of changes in CO2, N2O and CH4 fluxes, respectively, were due to θ at Ψ = 0 (p < 0.05). This study stresses the need to monitor soil water potential when monitoring greenhouse gas fluxes.

ACS Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Soil Water Potential Control of the Relationship between Moisture and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Corn-Soybean Field. Climate 2015, 3, 689 -696.

AMA Style

Dinesh Panday, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Soil Water Potential Control of the Relationship between Moisture and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Corn-Soybean Field. Climate. 2015; 3 (3):689-696.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2015. "Soil Water Potential Control of the Relationship between Moisture and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Corn-Soybean Field." Climate 3, no. 3: 689-696.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2015 in International Agrophysics
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Soil and crop management practices can affect the physical properties and have a direct impact on soil sustainability and crop performance. The objective of this study was to investigate how soil physical properties were affected by three years of tillage, cover crop and crop rotation treatments in a corn and soybean field. The study was conducted on a Waldron siltyloam soil at Lincoln University of Missouri. Soil physical properties studied were soil bulk density, volumetric and gravimetric water contents, volumetric air content, total pore space, air-filled and water-filled pore space, gas diffusion coefficient and pore tortuosity factor. Results showed significant interactions (p

ACS Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo. Effects of Tillage, Rotation and Cover Crop on the Physical Properties of a Silt-Loam Soil. International Agrophysics 2015, 29, 137 -145.

AMA Style

Samuel Haruna, Nsalambi Nkongolo. Effects of Tillage, Rotation and Cover Crop on the Physical Properties of a Silt-Loam Soil. International Agrophysics. 2015; 29 (2):137-145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo. 2015. "Effects of Tillage, Rotation and Cover Crop on the Physical Properties of a Silt-Loam Soil." International Agrophysics 29, no. 2: 137-145.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in Procedia Environmental Sciences
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Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Effect of Soil Air and Water on Greenhouse Gases Emissions in a Corn-Soybean Rotation. Procedia Environmental Sciences 2015, 29, 293 -294.

AMA Style

Dinesh Panday, Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. Effect of Soil Air and Water on Greenhouse Gases Emissions in a Corn-Soybean Rotation. Procedia Environmental Sciences. 2015; 29 ():293-294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinesh Panday; Nsalambi V. Nkongolo. 2015. "Effect of Soil Air and Water on Greenhouse Gases Emissions in a Corn-Soybean Rotation." Procedia Environmental Sciences 29, no. : 293-294.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in Procedia Environmental Sciences
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Cover crops have been known to reduce soil erosion, among other benefits, and increase water infiltration, organic matter and soil microbial activity. This study was conducted at Lincoln University's Freeman farm during 2011 and 2012 to assess the effects of cover crop management on soil physical and biological properties. The soil of the experimental site was a Waldron silt loam soil (Fine, smectitic, calcareous, mesic Aeric Fluvaquents). The field was 4.05ha in size and subdivided into 48 plots, each measuring 12.2 m x 21.3 m. The cropping pattern for the plots was a corn (Zea mays L.)/soybean (Glycine max) rotation. The cover crop of choice was cereal rye (Secale cereale). Half of the total plots had cover crop management while the other half had no-cover crop. Soil samples were collected at four depths; 0-10, 10-20, 20-40 and 40-60cm. Samples were oven dried at 105oC for 72h for soil physical properties analysis. Air dried soil samples were also sent to a commercial laboratory for analysis of soil biological properties. Results showed a significant effect (p< 0.05) of cover crop on the selected soil physical and biological properties. A 3.5% decrease was also observed in soil bulk density in cover crop plots as compared with no-cover crop plots. The carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio decreased with increasing sampling depth for the first three depths and increased slightly in the fourth depth (p<0.05). C/N ratio also showed a 5.6% increase in no-cover crop plots as compared with cover crop plots. The cover crop used in this study was capable of significantly improving soil physical and biological properties

ACS Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo. Cover Crop Management Effects on Soil Physical and Biological Properties. Procedia Environmental Sciences 2015, 29, 13 -14.

AMA Style

Samuel Haruna, Nsalambi Nkongolo. Cover Crop Management Effects on Soil Physical and Biological Properties. Procedia Environmental Sciences. 2015; 29 ():13-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Haruna; Nsalambi Nkongolo. 2015. "Cover Crop Management Effects on Soil Physical and Biological Properties." Procedia Environmental Sciences 29, no. : 13-14.