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Most of CFD urban models are based on the so called RANS approach (Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes equations). Recently, the advance of computer capabilities has pushed the inclusion of Large Eddy Simulation technique (LES) which has a different approach by using a spatial filter resolving the large eddies in the atmosphere and modelling the small eddies. One of the recent open models with LESS approach is the PALM4U model developed by the Leibnitz Hannover University in Germany. We have used an area in the downtown of Madrid city to set up the PALM4U model with 2 m spatial resolution. The vertical extent of the model is set up on 300 m with the same equally spaced resolution. The system receives the boundary and initial conditions from the WRF/Chem mesoscale air quality model developed by NOAA/ESRL/GSD (US) team. WRF/Chem is a well know state-of-the-art meteorological and chemical models for mesoscale applications. Results of the simulations show a high sensitivity to the changes in type of trees in urban parks with strong impacts (hot spots) in several areas located several hundreds of meters away of the part. The system composed by both models is a reliable tool to be use for studying the impact of natural based solutions (NBS) in urban environments and for other pollution applications with very high spatial resolution. Hot spots, energy efficiency and health impact assessments at urban level are also areas where this complex tool can be applied.
R. San Jose; J. L. Pérez; R. M. Gonzalez-Barras. The Use of LES CFD Urban Models and Mesoscale Air Quality Models for Urban Air Quality Simulations. Developments in Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems 2021, 185 -199.
AMA StyleR. San Jose, J. L. Pérez, R. M. Gonzalez-Barras. The Use of LES CFD Urban Models and Mesoscale Air Quality Models for Urban Air Quality Simulations. Developments in Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems. 2021; ():185-199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. San Jose; J. L. Pérez; R. M. Gonzalez-Barras. 2021. "The Use of LES CFD Urban Models and Mesoscale Air Quality Models for Urban Air Quality Simulations." Developments in Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems , no. : 185-199.
A health impact assessment of the indoor pollution was performed for various indoor sources: oven for heating, cooking, photocopy machine and smoke cigarettes. The mortality levels and hospital admissions associated with exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations have been calculated. We have modelled a two level house in Madrid city center where the office and the living floors are in the same building. The people follow a predefined activity patterns (time profiles) in the outdoor and indoor environments. In this experiment, we have performed a full year simulation using the EnergyPlus model to obtain the following parameters: building energy use, thermal behavior, airflow and indoor air quality simultaneously. Outdoor air quality and meteorological conditions were provided by the output of running the very well-known model WRF/Chem. The health impacts of the indoor emitting sources are higher in the warm months due to the operation of the air conditioning system. The largest impact on health is produced by the emissions that are released during cooking. The results also show a high correlation between indoor and outdoor concentrations when indoor emissions are not considered.
R. San Jose; J.L. Pérez; R.M. Gonzalez-Barras. Multizone airflow and pollution simulations of indoor emission sources. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 766, 142593 .
AMA StyleR. San Jose, J.L. Pérez, R.M. Gonzalez-Barras. Multizone airflow and pollution simulations of indoor emission sources. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 766 ():142593.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. San Jose; J.L. Pérez; R.M. Gonzalez-Barras. 2020. "Multizone airflow and pollution simulations of indoor emission sources." Science of The Total Environment 766, no. : 142593.
The aim of this work is to simulate with high accuracy an episode of high NO2 pollution during December 2016 in the city of Madrid (Spain). For this purpose, a multiscale modelling system has been implemented that includes a mesoscale model (WRF/Chem) up to a horizontal resolution of 1 km and a computational fluid dynamics model (CFD; MICROSYS) with a resolution of 5 m. For the calculation of traffic emissions, a traffic simulation has been previously conducted with the SUMO microscopic model, calibrated from data measured with traffic counters. We show a substantial improvement in the results obtained with 5 m resolution with respect to those of 1 km, reproducing very closely the daily peaks of NO2 concentrations since a very detailed traffic emission source is being used and the CFD reproduces the interactions between the air flow and the buildings. The modelling system presented can be used as a tool to evaluate different emission reduction strategies at street level, as it would allow to have an orientation on their effectiveness without having to implement them.
Roberto San José; J.L. Pérez; R.M. Gonzalez-Barras. Assessment of mesoscale and microscale simulations of a NO2 episode supported by traffic modelling at microscopic level. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 752, 141992 .
AMA StyleRoberto San José, J.L. Pérez, R.M. Gonzalez-Barras. Assessment of mesoscale and microscale simulations of a NO2 episode supported by traffic modelling at microscopic level. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 752 ():141992.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; J.L. Pérez; R.M. Gonzalez-Barras. 2020. "Assessment of mesoscale and microscale simulations of a NO2 episode supported by traffic modelling at microscopic level." Science of The Total Environment 752, no. : 141992.
It analyses the impact of global climate change on electricity demand and its respective economic cost in buildings covering an area of 1 km by 1 km in the city of Madrid. In order to know the energy demand, meteorological information has been produced with a spatial resolution of 50 meters, taking into account the three-dimensional structure of the buildings and the land use properties around the buildings. Climate variables are dynamically downscaled from 1° to 50 m using a nesting approach. Energy simulations of buildings are implemented with the EnergyPlus model. To determine the cost of impacts, the future distribution of energy sources in the two climate scenarios analysed and the corresponding 2012 prices of the Spanish Energy Commission are taken into account. Impacts on the area's energy demand are calculated for 2030, 2050 and 2100 versus 2011 under two IPCC global climate projections: RCP 4.5 (emission stabilization scenario) and RCP 8.5 (little effort to reduce emissions). The expected changes in electricity consumption in the year 2100 are very important. RCP 8.5 shows a strong increase in electricity demand for cooling buildings. In RCP 4.5 decreases in electricity consumption are observed (-14.37%) due to very important decreases in temperature. On average, the global climate for the year 2100 will have an impact on a typical building block in Madrid of 117918 euros per year according to scenario RCP 8.5 while in scenario RCP 4.5 110537 euros per year would be saved.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez-Camaño; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. González-Barras. Expected Changes in the Demand for Electrical Energy in Buildings due to Climate Change and its Economic Impact: Madrid Case Study. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020, 544, 012014 .
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez-Camaño, Libia Pérez, Rosa M. González-Barras. Expected Changes in the Demand for Electrical Energy in Buildings due to Climate Change and its Economic Impact: Madrid Case Study. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020; 544 (1):012014.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez-Camaño; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. González-Barras. 2020. "Expected Changes in the Demand for Electrical Energy in Buildings due to Climate Change and its Economic Impact: Madrid Case Study." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 544, no. 1: 012014.
We have modelled the energy consumption of prototype and real buildings under present and future climatic conditions with the EnergyPlus model to develop a better understanding of the relationship between changing climate conditions and energy demand. We have produced detailed meteorological information with 50 meters of spatial resolution through dynamical downscaling process combining regional, urban and computational fluid dynamics models which include the effects of the buildings on urban wind patterns. The city of Madrid has been chosen for our experiment. The impact on energy demand and their respective economic cost are calculated for year 2100 versus 2011 based on two IPCC climate scenarios, RCP 4.5 (stabilization of emissions) and RCP 8.5 (not reduction of emissions). Findings show that climate change will have a significant impact on the energy demand for buildings. Space heating demand will be increased by the RCP 4.5 and cooling demand will be increased for the RCP 8.5 in the analysed buildings.
Roberto San José; Juan Luis Pérez; Rosa María Gonzalez-Barras. High Spatial Resolution Climate Scenarios to Analyze Madrid Building Energy Demand. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan Luis Pérez, Rosa María Gonzalez-Barras. High Spatial Resolution Climate Scenarios to Analyze Madrid Building Energy Demand. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan Luis Pérez; Rosa María Gonzalez-Barras. 2020. "High Spatial Resolution Climate Scenarios to Analyze Madrid Building Energy Demand." , no. : 1.
People spend major part of their time inside places such as homes and offices, so it is very important to know the indoor and outdoor pollution in this type of studies. The atmospheric dispersion model WRF/Chem is used to know the outdoor pollution and meteorological conditions with high spatial (1 km) and temporal (1-hour) resolution and the building energy model EnergyPlus to simulate the indoor contaminants. EnergyPlus model is used to investigate the dynamic behaviour of pollutants with a single package using a multizone approach. 2016 year is used for the simulations with hourly outputs. Outdoor and indoor pollutions are linked to through the simulated infiltration process. The evaluation of outdoor, indoor air quality and human health effects was carried out considering different exposure profiles, for people working and living in an office and house located in the same building in the Madrid city center. The study takes into account different ventilation modes in the building and indoor emission scenarios (oven for heating, cooking, photocopy machine, smoke cigarettes). Health impact assessment considered mortality and hospital admissions, associated with exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 taking into account the differences between the exposure profiles, which have been used to describe the time activity patterns of the people. The health impacts of emitting sources are highest in the warm months due to the operation of the air conditioning system. The health impact of indoor emission sources is higher than the outdoor pollution. People in the zone where the emitting sources are located would experience a mortality and morbidity of 2.5 times more than in the non-emitting zones.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. Gonzalez Barras. Analysis of health impact assessment to outdoor and indoor air pollution in a prototype building in Madrid (Spain). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020, 489, 1 .
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa M. Gonzalez Barras. Analysis of health impact assessment to outdoor and indoor air pollution in a prototype building in Madrid (Spain). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020; 489 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. Gonzalez Barras. 2020. "Analysis of health impact assessment to outdoor and indoor air pollution in a prototype building in Madrid (Spain)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 489, no. : 1.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. González. Health Effects of Indoor Emissions Combining Outdoor and Indoor Pollution Simulations. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 2019, 10, 394 -398.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa M. González. Health Effects of Indoor Emissions Combining Outdoor and Indoor Pollution Simulations. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development. 2019; 10 (11):394-398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. González. 2019. "Health Effects of Indoor Emissions Combining Outdoor and Indoor Pollution Simulations." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 10, no. 11: 394-398.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. González. Health Effects of Indoor Emissions Combining Outdoor and Indoor Pollution Simulations. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 2019, 10, 394 -398.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa M. González. Health Effects of Indoor Emissions Combining Outdoor and Indoor Pollution Simulations. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development. 2019; 10 (11):394-398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa M. González. 2019. "Health Effects of Indoor Emissions Combining Outdoor and Indoor Pollution Simulations." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 10, no. 11: 394-398.
John Douros; Evangelia Fragkou; Iakovos Barmpadimos; Charles Chemel; Marco Deserti; Giovanna Finzi; Elmar Friese; Gertie Geertsema; Johannes Keller; Kaisa Kesanurm; Vera Martins; Volker Matthias; Enrico Minguzzi; Ana Isabel Miranda; Alexandra Monteiro; Juan L. Pérez; Marje Prank; Markus Quante; Elisa Sá; Roberto San José; Martijn Schaap; K. Heinke Schlünzen; Mikhail Sofiev; Ranjeet S. Sokhi; Rainer Stern; Joanna Struzewska; Robert Vautard; Ralf Wolke. APPLICATIONS OF MESOSCALE MODELS FOR AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH. Mesoscale Modelling for Meteorological and Air Pollution Applications 2018, 161 -198.
AMA StyleJohn Douros, Evangelia Fragkou, Iakovos Barmpadimos, Charles Chemel, Marco Deserti, Giovanna Finzi, Elmar Friese, Gertie Geertsema, Johannes Keller, Kaisa Kesanurm, Vera Martins, Volker Matthias, Enrico Minguzzi, Ana Isabel Miranda, Alexandra Monteiro, Juan L. Pérez, Marje Prank, Markus Quante, Elisa Sá, Roberto San José, Martijn Schaap, K. Heinke Schlünzen, Mikhail Sofiev, Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Rainer Stern, Joanna Struzewska, Robert Vautard, Ralf Wolke. APPLICATIONS OF MESOSCALE MODELS FOR AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH. Mesoscale Modelling for Meteorological and Air Pollution Applications. 2018; ():161-198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn Douros; Evangelia Fragkou; Iakovos Barmpadimos; Charles Chemel; Marco Deserti; Giovanna Finzi; Elmar Friese; Gertie Geertsema; Johannes Keller; Kaisa Kesanurm; Vera Martins; Volker Matthias; Enrico Minguzzi; Ana Isabel Miranda; Alexandra Monteiro; Juan L. Pérez; Marje Prank; Markus Quante; Elisa Sá; Roberto San José; Martijn Schaap; K. Heinke Schlünzen; Mikhail Sofiev; Ranjeet S. Sokhi; Rainer Stern; Joanna Struzewska; Robert Vautard; Ralf Wolke. 2018. "APPLICATIONS OF MESOSCALE MODELS FOR AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH." Mesoscale Modelling for Meteorological and Air Pollution Applications , no. : 161-198.
The present study is a short term health impact assessment of indoor pollution. To know the indoor pollution is necessary to get information about outdoor pollution and meteorological conditions. In this work, the outdoor data coming from a mesoscale meteorological and air quality simulation with WRF/Chem. Effects on health of different ventilation modes and indoor emission scenarios have been analyzed for the NO2 and PM2.5 pollutants. A general office building located in Madrid has been simulated with the EnergyPlus model during full year 2016. The energy model includes the Generic Contaminant Model so the simulation system is an integrated framework for indoor pollution and energy demand. Results show that when the emitting sources are active, ventilation through windows improves health and if there are no active sources, the health of the building occupants is slightly deteriorated by the outdoor pollution. Ventilation during all year increases the demand of gas for heating four times. The health impacts of emitting sources are highest in the warm months due to the operation of the air conditioning system. The health impact of indoor emission sources is higher than the outdoor pollution. People in the zone where the emitting sources are located would experience a mortality and morbidity of 2.5 times more than in the non-emitting zones. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/lijhls.2018.43.86101 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. SHORT TERM HEALTH IMPACT ASSSESSMENT OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN A MADRID OFFICE. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences 2018, 4, 86 -101.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. SHORT TERM HEALTH IMPACT ASSSESSMENT OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN A MADRID OFFICE. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences. 2018; 4 (3):86-101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2018. "SHORT TERM HEALTH IMPACT ASSSESSMENT OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN A MADRID OFFICE." LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences 4, no. 3: 86-101.
A dynamical downscaling tool has been implemented to understand the impacts of global climate on citizens health. We have used the WRF-Chem mesoscale model (NOAA, USA) to produce information covering Europe with 25 km of spatial resolution and two nested domains with 5 km and 1 km of spatial resolution over London. Finally, detailed simulations are carried out using the MICROSYS-CFD model to take into account the effects of urban buildings on the urban atmosphere in the Kensington and Chelsea area. The tool produces very high spatial air quality and meteorological data (50 m) and also temporal resolution (1 h) to estimate health impacts in the short term, using exposure-response functions extracted from epidemiological studies. The comparison shows an acceptable agreement of the modelled data with the measurements. The effects on the health of citizens by temperature change in the future are more important than by changes in atmospheric pollutant concentrations. The maps show how the effects depend on the city's geometry and how the tool can highlight the most vulnerable areas to help to design plans and implement strategic measures to mitigate the effects of global climate change on people's health.
Roberto San José; Juan Luis Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. Effects of climate change on the health of citizens modelling urban weather and air pollution. Energy 2018, 165, 53 -62.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan Luis Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. Effects of climate change on the health of citizens modelling urban weather and air pollution. Energy. 2018; 165 ():53-62.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan Luis Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2018. "Effects of climate change on the health of citizens modelling urban weather and air pollution." Energy 165, no. : 53-62.
Climate change is projected to have effects on public health because citizens will be exposure to different levels of air pollution and temperature. There are few studies on health impacts of climate change with very high spatial resolution mainly due to issues in downscaling modelling and computational resources. This research tries to help understand the possible impacts of the global climate over the citizen´s health with 50 meters of spatial resolution covering the gap between global/regional scale and urban scale. A computational dynamical downscaling modelling system has been implemented to assess the short term health effects of two global climate projections, IPCC 4.5 (stopping emissions increments) and 8.5 (no actions to stop emissions increments) over Milan and London area.. Modelled air quality concentrations at microscopic scale were compared with measurements of air quality stations, taking 2011 as the reference year; evaluation of modeling results determined that the system was suitable for the study objective. The results show that in the case of Milan the worst year for the effects of climate change on the health of citizens is 2050 for both scenarios but in 8.5 the highest increases are expected, especially in the area south east of the city that can reach 6.9%. The effect of temperature on health becomes 4 times more potent than exposure to concentrations of contaminants. In the case of London, the effects on the health of citizens of global climate change are marked by temperature increases, while decreases in mortality are expected from exposure to concentrations. Results of the modelling tool plus other impact assessment studies can be taken into account by the stakeholders to develop strategies to reduce the health impacts of the global climate on the cities.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. SHORT TERM HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE SCENARIOS ON URBAN SCALE. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences 2018, 4, 82 -100.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. SHORT TERM HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE SCENARIOS ON URBAN SCALE. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences. 2018; 4 (1):82-100.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2018. "SHORT TERM HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE SCENARIOS ON URBAN SCALE." LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences 4, no. 1: 82-100.
In the cities, traffic emissions are the largest contributor to the exceedances of NO2 limit values. It is necessary to develop tools to evaluate if the traffic measures can reduce the air pollution. EMIMO-WRF/Chem air quality modeling system (1 km) has been used to assess the effectiveness of emergency measures based on traffic restrictions to reduce concentrations of air pollutants during the NO2 pollution episode in the city of Madrid. Two simulations were designed: “REAL" including traffic restrictions and "BAU" representing what would happen if no action were taken. The difference between the two simulations (BAU-REAL) gives us the contribution of traffic restriction measures to reduce concentrations of pollutants in the air. An evaluation of the modelling system's performance has previously been carried out and found to be very satisfactory, demonstrating that the proposed system can be used to simulate pollution episodes in cities. The results indicate that the daily concentration of NO2 decreased by only about 1.3 % and so the measures taken were not sufficiently effective compared to the traffic reduction effort that reached around 10 %. More effective measures must be explore and analyze with the proposed tool.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. USING THE WRF/CHEM MODEL TO EVALUATE URBAN EMISSION REDUCTION STRATEGIES: MADRID CASE STUDY. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences 2018, 4, 101 -121.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. USING THE WRF/CHEM MODEL TO EVALUATE URBAN EMISSION REDUCTION STRATEGIES: MADRID CASE STUDY. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences. 2018; 4 (1):101-121.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2018. "USING THE WRF/CHEM MODEL TO EVALUATE URBAN EMISSION REDUCTION STRATEGIES: MADRID CASE STUDY." LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences 4, no. 1: 101-121.
Atmospheric aerosols modify the radiative budget of the Earth due to their optical, microphysical and chemical properties, and are considered one of the most uncertain climate forcing agents. In order to characterise the uncertainties associated with satellite and modelling approaches to represent aerosol optical properties, mainly aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE), their representation by different remote-sensing sensors and regional online coupled chemistry–climate models over Europe are evaluated. This work also characterises whether the inclusion of aerosol–radiation (ARI) or/and aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI) help improve the skills of modelling outputs.Two case studies were selected within the EuMetChem COST Action ES1004 framework when important aerosol episodes in 2010 all over Europe took place: a Russian wildfire episode and a Saharan desert dust outbreak that covered most of the Mediterranean Sea. The model data came from different regional air-quality–climate simulations performed by working group 2 of EuMetChem, which differed according to whether ARI or ACI was included or not. The remote-sensing data came from three different sensors: MODIS, OMI and SeaWIFS. The evaluation used classical statistical metrics to first compare satellite data versus the ground-based instrument network (AERONET) and then to evaluate model versus the observational data (both satellite and ground-based data).Regarding the uncertainty in the satellite representation of AOD, MODIS presented the best agreement with the AERONET observations compared to other satellite AOD observations. The differences found between remote-sensing sensors highlighted the uncertainty in the observations, which have to be taken into account when evaluating models. When modelling results were considered, a common trend for underestimating high AOD levels was observed. For the AE, models tended to underestimate its variability, except when considering a sectional approach in the aerosol representation. The modelling results showed better skills when ARI+ACI interactions were included; hence this improvement in the representation of AOD (above 30 % in the model error) and AE (between 20 and 75 %) is important to provide a better description of aerosol–radiation–cloud interactions in regional climate models.
Laura Palacios-Peña; Rocío Baró; Alexander Baklanov; Alessandra Balzarini; Dominik Brunner; Renate Forkel; Marcus Hirtl; Luka Honzak; José María López-Romero; Juan Pedro Montávez; Juan Luis Pérez; Guido Pirovano; Roberto San José; Wolfram Schröder; Johannes Werhahn; Ralf Wolke; Rahela Žabkar; Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero. An assessment of aerosol optical properties from remote-sensing observations and regional chemistry–climate coupled models over Europe. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2018, 18, 5021 -5043.
AMA StyleLaura Palacios-Peña, Rocío Baró, Alexander Baklanov, Alessandra Balzarini, Dominik Brunner, Renate Forkel, Marcus Hirtl, Luka Honzak, José María López-Romero, Juan Pedro Montávez, Juan Luis Pérez, Guido Pirovano, Roberto San José, Wolfram Schröder, Johannes Werhahn, Ralf Wolke, Rahela Žabkar, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero. An assessment of aerosol optical properties from remote-sensing observations and regional chemistry–climate coupled models over Europe. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2018; 18 (7):5021-5043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura Palacios-Peña; Rocío Baró; Alexander Baklanov; Alessandra Balzarini; Dominik Brunner; Renate Forkel; Marcus Hirtl; Luka Honzak; José María López-Romero; Juan Pedro Montávez; Juan Luis Pérez; Guido Pirovano; Roberto San José; Wolfram Schröder; Johannes Werhahn; Ralf Wolke; Rahela Žabkar; Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero. 2018. "An assessment of aerosol optical properties from remote-sensing observations and regional chemistry–climate coupled models over Europe." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 7: 5021-5043.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. Climate Change Impacts on Energy Demand of Madrid Buildings. Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 2018, 6, 87 -92.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. Climate Change Impacts on Energy Demand of Madrid Buildings. Journal of Clean Energy Technologies. 2018; 6 (1):87-92.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2018. "Climate Change Impacts on Energy Demand of Madrid Buildings." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 6, no. 1: 87-92.
The following paper presents the technique that can be used to produce climatic scenarios at urban scale with a spatial resolution of 10 m based on the results of the global climate models for the different RCP climate scenarios. To make the dynamic scaling process, we use the well-known mesoscale model WRF-Chem (NOAA, USA) to produce meteorological and air quality information at different scales. We start at a first level that covers all of Europe with a spatial resolution of 25 km, until it reaches the city level with a resolution of meters, which is simulated with the model MICROSYS-CFD. To show its use, 2011 was used as reference year and 2030, 2050 and 2100 as future years, with two possible scenarios RCP 4.5 and RPC 8.5. The expected impacts on wind conditions and NO2 concentrations are shown in two European cities: Madrid and London.
Roberto San José; Juan Luis Perez; Libia Perez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. Modelling of urban climate impacts using regional and urban CFD models. Application to madrid (Spain) and London (UK). 2017 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) 2017, 446 -456.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan Luis Perez, Libia Perez, Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. Modelling of urban climate impacts using regional and urban CFD models. Application to madrid (Spain) and London (UK). 2017 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC). 2017; ():446-456.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan Luis Perez; Libia Perez; Rosa Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2017. "Modelling of urban climate impacts using regional and urban CFD models. Application to madrid (Spain) and London (UK)." 2017 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) , no. : 446-456.
R. San Jose; J.L. Pérez; R.M. González; J. Pecci; M. Palacios. Improving air quality modelling systems by using on-line wild land fire forecasting tools coupled into WRF/Chem simulations over Europe. Urban Climate 2017, 22, 2 -18.
AMA StyleR. San Jose, J.L. Pérez, R.M. González, J. Pecci, M. Palacios. Improving air quality modelling systems by using on-line wild land fire forecasting tools coupled into WRF/Chem simulations over Europe. Urban Climate. 2017; 22 ():2-18.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. San Jose; J.L. Pérez; R.M. González; J. Pecci; M. Palacios. 2017. "Improving air quality modelling systems by using on-line wild land fire forecasting tools coupled into WRF/Chem simulations over Europe." Urban Climate 22, no. : 2-18.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Maria Gonzalez Barras. Effects of Climate Change on the Health of Citizens Modelling Urban Weather and Air Pollution. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells 2017, 69 -78.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Maria Gonzalez Barras. Effects of Climate Change on the Health of Citizens Modelling Urban Weather and Air Pollution. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells. 2017; ():69-78.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Maria Gonzalez Barras. 2017. "Effects of Climate Change on the Health of Citizens Modelling Urban Weather and Air Pollution." Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , no. : 69-78.
Roberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Julia Pecci; Antonio Garzón; Marino Palacios. Direct Impacts of Global Climate Change on Urban Areas. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 2017, 8, 208 -215.
AMA StyleRoberto San José, Juan L. Pérez, Libia Pérez, Julia Pecci, Antonio Garzón, Marino Palacios. Direct Impacts of Global Climate Change on Urban Areas. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development. 2017; 8 (3):208-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto San José; Juan L. Pérez; Libia Pérez; Julia Pecci; Antonio Garzón; Marino Palacios. 2017. "Direct Impacts of Global Climate Change on Urban Areas." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 8, no. 3: 208-215.
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Annekatrin Metz; Juan L. Pérez; Maria Lemper; Philippe Malcorps; Roberto San José; Mattia Marconcini; Zaheer Khan; Kamran Soomro; David Ludlow. From top-down land use planning intelligence to bottom-up stakeholder engagement for smart cities - a case study: DECUMANUS service products. International Journal of Services Technology and Management 2017, 23, 465 .
AMA StyleAnnekatrin Metz, Juan L. Pérez, Maria Lemper, Philippe Malcorps, Roberto San José, Mattia Marconcini, Zaheer Khan, Kamran Soomro, David Ludlow. From top-down land use planning intelligence to bottom-up stakeholder engagement for smart cities - a case study: DECUMANUS service products. International Journal of Services Technology and Management. 2017; 23 (5/6):465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnekatrin Metz; Juan L. Pérez; Maria Lemper; Philippe Malcorps; Roberto San José; Mattia Marconcini; Zaheer Khan; Kamran Soomro; David Ludlow. 2017. "From top-down land use planning intelligence to bottom-up stakeholder engagement for smart cities - a case study: DECUMANUS service products." International Journal of Services Technology and Management 23, no. 5/6: 465.