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Dr. Kaveh Madani
Yale University

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0 Climate Change
0 Decision Sciences
0 Energy Policy
0 Energy Systems
0 Environmental Economics

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Climate Change
Decision Making under Uncertainty
Sustainability
Game Theory
Multi Criteria Decision Making
Water Resources Management.
Sustainable Development
System Dynamics
Systems Analysis
Decision Analysis & Simulation Modeling
Energy Policy
Energy Systems
Serious Games
Food-Energy-Water Nexus

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Article
Published: 21 June 2021
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The cryptocurrency sector is increasingly integrated into the global financial system. The world’s transition to a digital economy, facilitated by major technological breakthroughs, has several benefits. But as the demand for exchanging and investing in digital currencies is growing , the world must pay careful attention to the hidden and overlooked environmental impacts of this growth. The dramatic increase in the price of Bitcoin (BTC) over the last year and the resulting global race for BTC mining is turning the cryptocurrency market turning into one of the world’s leading polluting sectors. Yet, our knowledge about the environmental footprints of mining BTC is very limited. To address this hap, this study provides the first estimates of the carbon, water and land footprints of BTC mining around the world.

ACS Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD; S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD; Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD, S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD, Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD; S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 21 June 2021
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ACS Style

Sanaz Chamanara; S. Arman Ghaffarizadeh; Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sanaz Chamanara, S. Arman Ghaffarizadeh, Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanaz Chamanara; S. Arman Ghaffarizadeh; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 21 June 2021
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ACS Style

Sanaz Chamanara; S. Arman Ghaffarizadeh; Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sanaz Chamanara, S. Arman Ghaffarizadeh, Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanaz Chamanara; S. Arman Ghaffarizadeh; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin." , no. : 1.

Article
Published: 20 June 2021
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The cryptocurrency sector is increasingly integrated into the global financial system. The world’s transition to a digital economy, facilitated by major technological breakthroughs, has several benefits. But as the demand for exchanging and investing in digital currencies is growing , the world must pay careful attention to the hidden and overlooked environmental impacts of this growth. The dramatic increase in the price of Bitcoin (BTC) over the last year and the resulting global race for BTC mining is turning the cryptocurrency market turning into one of the world’s leading polluting sectors. Yet, our knowledge about the environmental footprints of mining BTC is very limited. To address this hap, this study provides the first estimates of the carbon, water and land footprints of BTC mining around the world.

ACS Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD; S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD; Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD, S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD, Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD; S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2021 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Global groundwater assessments rank Iran among countries with the highest groundwater depletion rate using coarse spatial scales that hinder detection of regional imbalances between renewable groundwater supply and human withdrawals. Herein, we use in situ data from 12,230 piezometers, 14,856 observation wells, and groundwater extraction points to provide ground-based evidence about Iran’s widespread groundwater depletion and salinity problems. While the number of groundwater extraction points increased by 84.9% from 546,000 in 2002 to over a million in 2015, the annual groundwater withdrawal decreased by 18% (from 74.6 to 61.3 km3/y) primarily due to physical limits to fresh groundwater resources (i.e., depletion and/or salinization). On average, withdrawing 5.4 km3/y of nonrenewable water caused groundwater tables to decline 10 to 100 cm/y in different regions, averaging 49 cm/y across the country. This caused elevated annual average electrical conductivity (EC) of groundwater in vast arid/semiarid areas of central and eastern Iran (16 out of 30 subbasins), indicating “very high salinity hazard” for irrigation water. The annual average EC values were generally lower in the wetter northern and western regions, where groundwater EC improvements were detected in rare cases. Our results based on high-resolution groundwater measurements reveal alarming water security threats associated with declining fresh groundwater quantity and quality due to many years of unsustainable use. Our analysis offers insights into the environmental implications and limitations of water-intensive development plans that other water-scarce countries might adopt.

ACS Style

Roohollah Noori; Mohsen Maghrebi; Ali Mirchi; Qiuhong Tang; Rabin Bhattarai; Mojtaba Sadegh; Mojtaba Noury; Ali Torabi Haghighi; Bjørn Kløve; Kaveh Madani. Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2021, 118, 1 .

AMA Style

Roohollah Noori, Mohsen Maghrebi, Ali Mirchi, Qiuhong Tang, Rabin Bhattarai, Mojtaba Sadegh, Mojtaba Noury, Ali Torabi Haghighi, Bjørn Kløve, Kaveh Madani. Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021; 118 (25):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roohollah Noori; Mohsen Maghrebi; Ali Mirchi; Qiuhong Tang; Rabin Bhattarai; Mojtaba Sadegh; Mojtaba Noury; Ali Torabi Haghighi; Bjørn Kløve; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "Anthropogenic depletion of Iran’s aquifers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 25: 1.

Article
Published: 27 May 2021
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The cryptocurrency sector is increasingly integrated into the global financial system. The world’s transition to a digital economy, facilitated by major technological breakthroughs, has several benefits. But as the demand for exchanging and investing in digital currencies is growing , the world must pay careful attention to the hidden and overlooked environmental impacts of this growth. The dramatic increase in the price of Bitcoin (BTC) over the last year and the resulting global race for BTC mining is turning the cryptocurrency market turning into one of the world’s leading polluting sectors. Yet, our knowledge about the environmental footprints of mining BTC is very limited. To address this hap, this study provides the first estimates of the carbon, water and land footprints of BTC mining around the world.

ACS Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD; S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD; Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD, S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD, Kaveh Madani. The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanaz ChamanaraiD; S. Arman GhaffarizadehiD; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "The Environmental Costs of Mining Bitcoin." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2021 in World
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Economic sanctions have been actively used against Iran in the last four decades. In response to sanctions, Iran has adopted a range of survivalist policies with notable environmental implications. This study provides the first extensive overview of the unintended environmental impacts of international economic sanctions on Iran. It is argued that while sanctions are certainly not the root cause of Iran’s major environmental problems, they have had an undeniable impact on Iran’s environment by: (1) restricting its access to technology, service, and know-how; (2) blocking international environmental aid; and (3) increasing the natural resource-intensity of its economy. Sanctions have effectively limited Iran’s economic growth and its ability to decouple its economy from natural resources, thereby growing the role of natural resources in Iran’s political economy. Overall, sanctions have made economic production much costlier to its environment, which is not currently considered a priority in the policy agenda of the Iranian leaders who manage the country in survival mode while aggressively pursuing their ideology. The study calls for increased attention to the overlooked environmental impacts of sanctions on Iran with major health, justice, and human rights implications that could be transgenerational and transboundary.

ACS Style

Kaveh Madani. Have International Sanctions Impacted Iran’s Environment? World 2021, 2, 231 -252.

AMA Style

Kaveh Madani. Have International Sanctions Impacted Iran’s Environment? World. 2021; 2 (2):231-252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaveh Madani. 2021. "Have International Sanctions Impacted Iran’s Environment?" World 2, no. 2: 231-252.

Review article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Reviews of Geophysics
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Traditional, mainstream definitions of drought describe it as deficit in water‐related variables or water‐dependent activities (e.g., precipitation, soil moisture, surface and groundwater storage, irrigation) due to natural variabilities that are out of the control of local decision‐makers. Here, we argue that within coupled human‐water systems, drought must be defined and understood as a process as opposed to a product to help better frame and describe the complex and inter‐related dynamics of both natural and human‐induced changes that define anthropogenic drought as a compound multi‐dimensional and multi‐scale phenomenon, governed by the combination of natural water variability, climate change, human decisions and activities, and altered micro‐climate conditions due to changes in land and water management. This definition considers the full spectrum of dynamic feedbacks and processes (e.g., land‐atmosphere interactions, water and energy balance) within human‐nature systems that drive the development of anthropogenic drought. This process magnifies the water supply‐demand gap and can lead to water bankruptcy, which will become more rampant around the globe in the coming decades due to continuously growing water demands under compounding effects of climate change and global environmental degradation. This challenge has de facto implications for both short‐term and long‐term water resources planning and management, water governance and policymaking. Herein, after a brief overview of the anthropogenic drought concept and its examples, we discuss existing research gaps and opportunities for better understanding, modeling, and management of this phenomenon.

ACS Style

Amir AghaKouchak; Ali Mirchi; Kaveh Madani; Giuliano Di Baldassarre; Ali Nazemi; Aneseh Alborzi; Hassan Anjileli; Marzi Azarderakhsh; Felicia Chiang; Elmira Hassanzadeh; Laurie S. Huning; Iman Mallakpour; Alexandre Martinez; Omid Mazdiyasni; Hamed Moftakhari; Hamid Norouzi; Mojtaba Sadegh; Dalal Sadeqi; Anne F. Van Loon; Niko Wanders. Anthropogenic Drought: Definition, Challenges, and Opportunities. Reviews of Geophysics 2021, 59, 1 .

AMA Style

Amir AghaKouchak, Ali Mirchi, Kaveh Madani, Giuliano Di Baldassarre, Ali Nazemi, Aneseh Alborzi, Hassan Anjileli, Marzi Azarderakhsh, Felicia Chiang, Elmira Hassanzadeh, Laurie S. Huning, Iman Mallakpour, Alexandre Martinez, Omid Mazdiyasni, Hamed Moftakhari, Hamid Norouzi, Mojtaba Sadegh, Dalal Sadeqi, Anne F. Van Loon, Niko Wanders. Anthropogenic Drought: Definition, Challenges, and Opportunities. Reviews of Geophysics. 2021; 59 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amir AghaKouchak; Ali Mirchi; Kaveh Madani; Giuliano Di Baldassarre; Ali Nazemi; Aneseh Alborzi; Hassan Anjileli; Marzi Azarderakhsh; Felicia Chiang; Elmira Hassanzadeh; Laurie S. Huning; Iman Mallakpour; Alexandre Martinez; Omid Mazdiyasni; Hamed Moftakhari; Hamid Norouzi; Mojtaba Sadegh; Dalal Sadeqi; Anne F. Van Loon; Niko Wanders. 2021. "Anthropogenic Drought: Definition, Challenges, and Opportunities." Reviews of Geophysics 59, no. 2: 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2021 in Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability
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ACS Style

Farshid Vahedifard; Kaveh Madani; Amir AghaKouchak; Sannith Kumar Thota. Are we ready for more dam removals in the United States? Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Farshid Vahedifard, Kaveh Madani, Amir AghaKouchak, Sannith Kumar Thota. Are we ready for more dam removals in the United States? Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farshid Vahedifard; Kaveh Madani; Amir AghaKouchak; Sannith Kumar Thota. 2021. "Are we ready for more dam removals in the United States?" Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability , no. : 1.

Short review
Published: 08 January 2021 in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
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ACS Style

Renee Obringer; Benjamin Rachunok; Debora Maia-Silva; Maryam Arbabzadeh; Roshanak Nateghi; Kaveh Madani. The overlooked environmental footprint of increasing Internet use. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2021, 167, 105389 .

AMA Style

Renee Obringer, Benjamin Rachunok, Debora Maia-Silva, Maryam Arbabzadeh, Roshanak Nateghi, Kaveh Madani. The overlooked environmental footprint of increasing Internet use. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2021; 167 ():105389.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renee Obringer; Benjamin Rachunok; Debora Maia-Silva; Maryam Arbabzadeh; Roshanak Nateghi; Kaveh Madani. 2021. "The overlooked environmental footprint of increasing Internet use." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 167, no. : 105389.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Understanding the complexity and feedbacks among food, energy, and water (FEW) systems is key to making informed decisions about sustainable development. This paper presents qualitative representation and quantitative system dynamics simulation of the water resources system in the Qazvin Plain, Iran, taking into account the energy intensity of water supply and interconnected water use sectors (e.g., urban, industrial, and agricultural). Qazvin Plain faces water resources challenges that are common to arid/semi-arid areas, including frequent droughts, declining surface water and groundwater, and increased urban and agricultural water demand. A system dynamics model is developed using historical data (2006–2016) to investigate the effects of anticipated dynamics of integrated water and energy sectors in the next two decades. The results of policy scenarios (2020–2039) demonstrate that the continuation of the existing management policies will cause severe damage to the water and energy sectors, pushing the system towards water resources limits to growth. An annual groundwater table decline of nearly 1 m is anticipated, indicating significant overshoot of the plain's natural recharge capacity, which may lead to the depletion of recoverable groundwater in the plain within the next three decades. The groundwater table decline will cause energy consumption of water supply to increase by about 32% (i.e., 380 GWh) to maintain irrigated agriculture. It is critical to implement a combination of water demand and supply management policies (e.g., net agricultural water savings and recycling treated wastewater) to delay the problem of water limits to growth in the region.

ACS Style

Mohammad Mahdi Naderi; Ali Mirchi; Ali Reza Massah Bavani; Erfan Goharian; Kaveh Madani. System dynamics simulation of regional water supply and demand using a food-energy-water nexus approach: Application to Qazvin Plain, Iran. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 280, 111843 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Mahdi Naderi, Ali Mirchi, Ali Reza Massah Bavani, Erfan Goharian, Kaveh Madani. System dynamics simulation of regional water supply and demand using a food-energy-water nexus approach: Application to Qazvin Plain, Iran. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 280 ():111843.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Mahdi Naderi; Ali Mirchi; Ali Reza Massah Bavani; Erfan Goharian; Kaveh Madani. 2020. "System dynamics simulation of regional water supply and demand using a food-energy-water nexus approach: Application to Qazvin Plain, Iran." Journal of Environmental Management 280, no. : 111843.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2020 in Earth's Future
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As soft political tools, economic sanctions aim at isolating a sanctioned state and hurt its economy to force it to change course, policies, and actions. In response to sanctions and to evade their grip, a sanctioned state adopts a range of survivalist, aggressive and unsustainable policies that reduce the economic pressure of sanctions at the expense of accelerated environmental degradation. While economic sanctions cannot be blamed as the cause of environmental problems in sanctioned states, their role in catalyzing environmental degradation is noteworthy. This paper takes the first step in setting the theoretical ground for exploring the environmental implications of sanctions by developing a generic causal model that explains how economic sanctions can impact the environment. It is shown that sanctions lower the priority of the environmental sector in the public policy agenda in a sanctioned state and increase the natural resource‐intensity of its economy. It is argued that although the environmental damages of sanctions are mainly unintended by the sanctioning and sanctioned states, such damages are unavoidable in practice. The study calls for attention to the transgenerational and transboundary environmental impacts of economic sanctions and their justice and human rights implications for which the sanctioning and sanctioned states must be held accountable.

ACS Style

Kaveh Madani. How International Economic Sanctions Harm the Environment. Earth's Future 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Kaveh Madani. How International Economic Sanctions Harm the Environment. Earth's Future. 2020; 8 (12):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaveh Madani. 2020. "How International Economic Sanctions Harm the Environment." Earth's Future 8, no. 12: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2020 in Environmental Research Letters
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ACS Style

Anahita Modabberi; Roohollah Noori; Kaveh Madani; Amir Houshang Ehsani; Ali Danandeh Mehr; Farhad Hooshyaripor; Bjørn Kløve. Caspian Sea is eutrophying: the alarming message of satellite data. Environmental Research Letters 2020, 15, 124047 .

AMA Style

Anahita Modabberi, Roohollah Noori, Kaveh Madani, Amir Houshang Ehsani, Ali Danandeh Mehr, Farhad Hooshyaripor, Bjørn Kløve. Caspian Sea is eutrophying: the alarming message of satellite data. Environmental Research Letters. 2020; 15 (12):124047.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anahita Modabberi; Roohollah Noori; Kaveh Madani; Amir Houshang Ehsani; Ali Danandeh Mehr; Farhad Hooshyaripor; Bjørn Kløve. 2020. "Caspian Sea is eutrophying: the alarming message of satellite data." Environmental Research Letters 15, no. 12: 124047.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2020 in Earth's Future
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The anthropogenic impacts of development and frequent droughts have limited Iran's water availability. This has major implications for Iran's agricultural sector which is responsible for about 90% of water consumption at the national scale. This study investigates if declining water availability impacted agriculture in Iran. Using the Mann‐Kendall and Sen's slope estimator methods, we explored the changes in Iran's agricultural production and area during the 1981‐2013 period. Despite decreasing water availability during this period, irrigated agricultural production and area continuously increased. This unsustainable agricultural development, which would have been impossible without the over‐abstraction of surface and ground water resources, has major long‐term water, food, environmental, and human security implications for Iran.

ACS Style

Mohsen Maghrebi; Roohollah Noori; Rabin Bhattarai; Zaher Mundher Yaseen; Qiuhong Tang; Nadhir Al‐Ansari; Ali Danandeh Mehr; Abdolreza Karbassi; Javad Omidvar; Hossein Farnoush; Ali Torabi Haghighi; Bjørn Kløve; Kaveh Madani. Iran's Agriculture in the Anthropocene. Earth's Future 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohsen Maghrebi, Roohollah Noori, Rabin Bhattarai, Zaher Mundher Yaseen, Qiuhong Tang, Nadhir Al‐Ansari, Ali Danandeh Mehr, Abdolreza Karbassi, Javad Omidvar, Hossein Farnoush, Ali Torabi Haghighi, Bjørn Kløve, Kaveh Madani. Iran's Agriculture in the Anthropocene. Earth's Future. 2020; 8 (9):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsen Maghrebi; Roohollah Noori; Rabin Bhattarai; Zaher Mundher Yaseen; Qiuhong Tang; Nadhir Al‐Ansari; Ali Danandeh Mehr; Abdolreza Karbassi; Javad Omidvar; Hossein Farnoush; Ali Torabi Haghighi; Bjørn Kløve; Kaveh Madani. 2020. "Iran's Agriculture in the Anthropocene." Earth's Future 8, no. 9: 1.

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2020 in Water
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The socio-hydrology community has been very successful in promoting the need for taking the human factor into account in the mainstream hydrology literature since 2012. However, the interest in studying and modeling human-water systems is not new and pre-existed the post-2012 socio-hydrology. So, it is critical to ask what socio-hydrology has been able to offer that would have been unachievable using the existing methods, tools, and analysis frameworks. Thus far, the socio-hydrology studies show a strong overlap with what has already been in the literature, especially in the water resources systems and coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) areas. Nevertheless, the work in these areas has been generally dismissed by the socio-hydrology literature. This paper overviews some of the general concerns about originality, practicality, and contributions of socio-hydrology. It is argued that while in theory, a common sense about the need for considering humans as an integral component of water resources systems models can strengthen our coupled human-water systems research, the current approaches and trends in socio-hydrology can make this interest area less inclusive and interdisciplinary.

ACS Style

Kaveh Madani; Majid Shafiee-Jood. Socio-Hydrology: A New Understanding to Unite or a New Science to Divide? Water 2020, 12, 1941 .

AMA Style

Kaveh Madani, Majid Shafiee-Jood. Socio-Hydrology: A New Understanding to Unite or a New Science to Divide? Water. 2020; 12 (7):1941.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaveh Madani; Majid Shafiee-Jood. 2020. "Socio-Hydrology: A New Understanding to Unite or a New Science to Divide?" Water 12, no. 7: 1941.

Other
Published: 06 May 2020
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SUMMARYBackgroundIran has been the hardest hit country by the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East with 74,877 confirmed cases and 4,683 deaths as of 15 April 2020. With a relatively high case fatality ratio and limited testing capacity, the number of confirmed cases reported is suspected to suffer from significant under-reporting. Therefore, understanding the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and assessing the effectiveness of the interventions that have taken place in Iran while accounting for the uncertain level of underreporting is of critical importance. We use a mathematical epidemic model utilizing official confirmed data and estimates of underreporting to understand how transmission in Iran has been changing between February and April 2020.MethodsWe developed a compartmental transmission model to estimate the effective reproduction number and its fluctuations since the beginning of the outbreak in Iran. We associate the variations in the effective reproduction number with a timeline of interventions and national events. The estimation method also accounts for the underreporting due to low case ascertainment by estimating the percentage of symptomatic cases using delay-adjusted case fatality ratio based on the distribution of the delay from hospitalization-to-death.FindingsOur estimates of the effective reproduction number ranged from 0.66 to 1.73 between February and April 2020, with a median of 1.16. We estimate a reduction in the effective reproduction number during this period, from 1.73 (95% CI 1.60 – 1.87) on 1 March 2020 to 0.69 (95% CI 0.68-0.70) on 15 April 2020, due to various non-pharmaceutical interventions including school closures, a ban on public gatherings including sports and religious events, and full or partial closure of non-essential businesses. Based on these estimates and given that a near complete containment is no longer feasible, it is likely that the outbreak may continue until the end of the 2020 if the current level of physical distancing and interventions continue and no effective vaccination or therapeutic are developed and made widely available.InterpretationThe series of non-pharmaceutical interventions and the public compliance that took place in Iran are found to be effective in slowing down the speed of the spread of COVID-19 within the studied time period. However, we argue that if the impact of underreporting is overlooked, the estimated transmission and control dynamics could mislead the public health decisions, policy makers, and general public especially in the earlier stages of the outbreak.FundingNil.

ACS Style

Meead Saberi; Homayoun Hamedmoghadam; Kaveh Madani; Helen M. Dolk; Andrei S. Morgan; Joan K. Morris; Kaveh Khoshnood; Babak Khoshnood. Accounting for underreporting in mathematical modelling of transmission and control of COVID-19 in Iran. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Meead Saberi, Homayoun Hamedmoghadam, Kaveh Madani, Helen M. Dolk, Andrei S. Morgan, Joan K. Morris, Kaveh Khoshnood, Babak Khoshnood. Accounting for underreporting in mathematical modelling of transmission and control of COVID-19 in Iran. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meead Saberi; Homayoun Hamedmoghadam; Kaveh Madani; Helen M. Dolk; Andrei S. Morgan; Joan K. Morris; Kaveh Khoshnood; Babak Khoshnood. 2020. "Accounting for underreporting in mathematical modelling of transmission and control of COVID-19 in Iran." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 April 2020 in Water
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The coastal areas of Florida, United States, are exposed to increasing risk of flooding due to sea level rise as well as severe hurricanes. Florida regulations suggest constructing stormwater retention ponds as an option to retain excess runoff generated by the increased impervious area and to protect the environment by reducing pollutants from new developments. Groundwater level rise can significantly lower the soil storage capacity and infiltration at retention ponds, in turn, reducing the pond’s capacity to capture consecutive storms due to longer pond volume recovery time. Partial groundwater inundation can affect retention ponds’ ability to decrease peak flow rates and keep the post-development outflow lower than or equal to pre-development conditions. In this paper, the reliability and performance of a retention pond near Tampa Bay, Florida, was evaluated under sea level rise conditions. An integrated surface water and groundwater model was developed, and the groundwater table was projected for future conditions as a function of sea level rise. The results showed that sea level rise could increase the seasonal high water elevation of the retention pond up to 40 cm by mid-21st century. This increase lowered the reliability of the retention pond by about 45%. The pond failed to recover the designed treatment volume within required 72 h because of the high groundwater table, increasing the risk of pollutant discharge. Furthermore, the peak flow and volume of runoff significantly increased under sea level rise and associated groundwater table rise conditions. The study results suggest that it is imperative to consider future sea level rise conditions in stormwater design in low-lying coastal areas of Florida and around the world to prevent poor pond performance and increased risk of flooding in the future.

ACS Style

Rahman Davtalab; Ali Mirchi; Rebecca J. Harris; Mark X. Troilo; Kaveh Madani. Sea Level Rise Effect on Groundwater Rise and Stormwater Retention Pond Reliability. Water 2020, 12, 1129 .

AMA Style

Rahman Davtalab, Ali Mirchi, Rebecca J. Harris, Mark X. Troilo, Kaveh Madani. Sea Level Rise Effect on Groundwater Rise and Stormwater Retention Pond Reliability. Water. 2020; 12 (4):1129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rahman Davtalab; Ali Mirchi; Rebecca J. Harris; Mark X. Troilo; Kaveh Madani. 2020. "Sea Level Rise Effect on Groundwater Rise and Stormwater Retention Pond Reliability." Water 12, no. 4: 1129.

Chapter
Published: 29 March 2020 in Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development
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To satisfy the energy demand and secure energy independence, Indonesia plans to maintain a large share from its carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants and natural gas, while incorporating some renewable energies in its future emery supply mix. While the promoted targets might be cost-effective, the potential impacts of future energy developments on other sectors such as environment and agriculture (food) must not be overlooked to avoid unintended consequences. This chapter computes the desirability of energy generation alternatives for Indonesia using a stochastic multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) framework. The applied evaluation model considers the trade-offs among independently managed yet inter-linked energy systems and other interacting systems, namely, water, land, climate, and economy. The aggregate desirability of energy alternatives is determined for Indonesia as a whole and individually for its seven main islands. The study indicates nuclear and geothermal to be among the desirable technologies for Indonesia, assuming that they are feasible and can be developed and operated without causing major security risks. Although biomass and hydropower are renewable, they are among the least desirable technologies for Indonesia, given their secondary impacts on other resources. The analysis results portray the need for Indonesia to make fundamental changes in its future energy mix to avoid eventual collapse of its valuable natural system.

ACS Style

Maral Mahlooji; Firra Ghassani Gumilar; Kaveh Madani. Dealing with Trade-offs in Sustainable Energy Planning: Insight for Indonesia. Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development 2020, 243 -266.

AMA Style

Maral Mahlooji, Firra Ghassani Gumilar, Kaveh Madani. Dealing with Trade-offs in Sustainable Energy Planning: Insight for Indonesia. Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development. 2020; ():243-266.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maral Mahlooji; Firra Ghassani Gumilar; Kaveh Madani. 2020. "Dealing with Trade-offs in Sustainable Energy Planning: Insight for Indonesia." Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development , no. : 243-266.

Chapter
Published: 29 March 2020 in Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development
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East Africa is embarking on an ambitious journey to improve access to energy and support its rapid economic and population growth. Hydropower dominates the region’s electricity sector and the current plans continue to favor this technology for future development. This chapter analyzes the desirability of energy alternatives across East Africa using a System of Systems approach that assesses the performance of technologies across four vital systems namely economy, climate, land, and water. The Relative Aggregate Footprint (RAF) of different energy options in East Africa is measured with respect to the resource availability conditions of the countries in the region. The study results show geothermal and solar to be among the most desirable energy technologies for East Africa, while biomass and oil are the least desirable alternatives. Hydropower is outperformed by fossil fuels such as coal and oil. Its desirability ranges from average to highly undesirable once its impacts on other resources beyond carbon emissions are considered. Comparison of the desirability of alternatives against the planned investments of the region shows serious disparities. This calls for fundamental changes in the development policies in the energy sector of the region if a more sustainable electricity mix is to be achieved.

ACS Style

Amanda Kahunzire; Maral Mahlooji; Kaveh Madani. Beyond Carbon Emissions: A System of Systems Approach to Sustainable Energy Development in East Africa. Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development 2020, 323 -349.

AMA Style

Amanda Kahunzire, Maral Mahlooji, Kaveh Madani. Beyond Carbon Emissions: A System of Systems Approach to Sustainable Energy Development in East Africa. Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development. 2020; ():323-349.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amanda Kahunzire; Maral Mahlooji; Kaveh Madani. 2020. "Beyond Carbon Emissions: A System of Systems Approach to Sustainable Energy Development in East Africa." Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development , no. : 323-349.

Chapter
Published: 29 March 2020 in Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development
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The lack of holistic decision-making assessments has been the main reason behind Lebanon’s persistent energy challenges for a long time. Increasing the capacity of renewable electricity generation as well as conventional power plants running on imported fuels has been proposed to ensure energy security in Lebanon. However, this approach does not necessarily consider Lebanon’s most persistent energy challenges and the potential impacts of selected technologies on Lebanon’s scarce land and water resources. Relying on a System of Systems (SoS) perspective and considering the Climate, Land, Energy, and Water (CLEW) nexus, this study is an effort to help overcome Lebanon’s energy sustainability challenges while reducing impacts on the country’s valuable natural, economic, and social resources. Two parallel but complementary frameworks are used. First, through Resource Efficiency Assessment (REA), the potential impacts of the electricity technologies on the nation’s environmental and economic resources are evaluated. Next, the Sustainability Performance Assessment (SPA) considers a number of criteria relative to the region’s economic, social, environmental, and technical energy challenges. Using the Aggregate Performance Index (API), the relative performance of each energy is calculated based on the results of REA and SPA. Results suggest that offshore wind, solar photovoltaics, natural gas, geothermal, nuclear, and hydropower technologies are the most desirable electricity generation options in Lebanon based on the assumptions and values used in this study.

ACS Style

Romy Abou Farhat; Maral Mahlooji; Ludovic Gaudard; Jad El-Baba; Hassan Harajli; Vahakn Kabakian; Kaveh Madani. A Multi-attribute Assessment of Electricity Supply Options in Lebanon. Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development 2020, 1 -27.

AMA Style

Romy Abou Farhat, Maral Mahlooji, Ludovic Gaudard, Jad El-Baba, Hassan Harajli, Vahakn Kabakian, Kaveh Madani. A Multi-attribute Assessment of Electricity Supply Options in Lebanon. Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development. 2020; ():1-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Romy Abou Farhat; Maral Mahlooji; Ludovic Gaudard; Jad El-Baba; Hassan Harajli; Vahakn Kabakian; Kaveh Madani. 2020. "A Multi-attribute Assessment of Electricity Supply Options in Lebanon." Food-Energy-Water Nexus Resilience and Sustainable Development , no. : 1-27.