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Samuel Allen
Agricultural Science Center at Farmington, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 1018, Farmington, NM 87499, USA

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Review
Published: 02 June 2021 in Sustainability
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Interest in organic foods is increasing at a moment when humanity is facing a range of health challenges including the concern that some conventionally produced foods may pose possible adverse effects on human and livestock health. With the increasing human population, intensive production is increasingly trending towards high-input systems that aim to close yield gaps, increase crop yields, and develop new crop varieties with higher yield potential and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, all within the context of incorporating specific traits to satisfy consumer demand. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most consumed foods under different cultural diets; however, its production faces some challenges related to soilborne diseases, marketable yield and quality, sugars and dry matter content of the produced tubers, tuber content in terms of nitrate, minerals, vitamins, bioactive compounds, and antioxidants, and consumer appreciation regarding the sensory characteristics of tubers and processed products. Different studies have been investigating some of these challenges, with sometimes straightforward and sometimes conflicting results. This variability in research results indicates the general non-transferability of the results from one location to another under the same management practices in addition to differences in plant material. This review compares some characteristics of raw or boiled potato and processed products from potato tubers grown organically and conventionally. Ideally, such information may be of benefit in decision making by consumers in their dietary choices, by potato growers in their selection of crop management practices, and by scientists looking at potential areas for future research on potatoes.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Soum Sanogo; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; Aminou Saibou; Samuel Essah. Characteristics of Organically Grown Compared to Conventionally Grown Potato and the Processed Products: A Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6289 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Soum Sanogo, Komlan Koudahe, Samuel Allen, Aminou Saibou, Samuel Essah. Characteristics of Organically Grown Compared to Conventionally Grown Potato and the Processed Products: A Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6289.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Soum Sanogo; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; Aminou Saibou; Samuel Essah. 2021. "Characteristics of Organically Grown Compared to Conventionally Grown Potato and the Processed Products: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6289.

Review
Published: 01 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Limited water resources coupled with the increase of the human population calls for more efficient use of water in irrigated agriculture. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most widely grown crops worldwide and is very sensitive to water stress due to its shallow rooting system. With the dilemma of potato sensitivity to drought and limited available water resources restricting crop production, researchers and crop growers have been investigating different approaches for optimizing potato yield and improving crop water use efficiency under different irrigation methods. While potato response to water is affected by other management practices such as fertilizer management, the present review is focused on the potato response to water under different environments and different irrigation methods and the impact on potato quality and potato diseases. Variable results obtained from research studies indicate the non-transferability of the results from one location to another as potato cultivars are not the same and potato breeders are still making effort to develop new high-yielding varieties to increase crop production and or develop new varieties for a specific trait to satisfy consumers exigence. This review is a valuable source of information for potato growers and scientists as it is not only focused on the impact of irrigation regimes on potato yield and water productivity as most reviews on water management, but it also presents the impact of irrigation regime on diseases in potatoes, tuber specific gravity, metabolite content of the tubers and the quality of the processed potato products.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Suat Irmak; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen. Irrigation Management in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production: A Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1504 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Suat Irmak, Komlan Koudahe, Samuel Allen. Irrigation Management in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production: A Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1504.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Suat Irmak; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen. 2021. "Irrigation Management in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1504.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2021 in Environmental Research
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Azoxystrobin, a widely used broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide, may pose a potential threat in agricultural ecosystems. To assess the ecological risk of azoxystrobin in real soil environments, we performed a study on the toxic effects of azoxystrobin on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in three different natural soils (fluvo-aquic soil, black soil and red clay soil) and an artificial soil. Acute toxicity of azoxystrobin was determined by filter paper test and soil test. Accordingly, exposure concentrations of chronic toxicity were set at 0, 0.1, 1.0 and 2.5 mg kg−1. For chronic toxicity test, reactive oxygen species, activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase), detoxifying enzyme (glutathione transferase), level of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and level of oxygen damage of DNA (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) in earthworms were determined on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 42nd and 56th days after treatment. Both acute and chronic toxic results showed azoxystrobin exhibit higher toxicity in natural soil than in artificial soil, indicating that traditional artificial soil testing method underestimate ecotoxicity of azoxystrobin in a real agricultural environment on the earthworm population. Combining with the analysis of soil physicochemical properties, the present experiment provided scientific guidance for rational application of azoxystrobin in agricultural production systems.

ACS Style

Yaqi Xu; Bing Li; Kaixuan Hou; Zhongkun Du; Samuel C. Allen; Lusheng Zhu; Wenxiu Li; Lei Zhu; Jinhua Wang; Jun Wang. Ecotoxicity evaluation of azoxystrobin on Eisenia fetida in different soils. Environmental Research 2021, 194, 110705 .

AMA Style

Yaqi Xu, Bing Li, Kaixuan Hou, Zhongkun Du, Samuel C. Allen, Lusheng Zhu, Wenxiu Li, Lei Zhu, Jinhua Wang, Jun Wang. Ecotoxicity evaluation of azoxystrobin on Eisenia fetida in different soils. Environmental Research. 2021; 194 ():110705.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yaqi Xu; Bing Li; Kaixuan Hou; Zhongkun Du; Samuel C. Allen; Lusheng Zhu; Wenxiu Li; Lei Zhu; Jinhua Wang; Jun Wang. 2021. "Ecotoxicity evaluation of azoxystrobin on Eisenia fetida in different soils." Environmental Research 194, no. : 110705.

Journal article
Published: 13 July 2020 in Agriculture
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The highly variable weather under changing climate conditions affects the establishment and the cutoff of crop growing season and exposes crops to failure if producers choose non-adapted relative maturity that matches the characteristics of the crop growing season. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maize hybrid relative maturity and the grain yield and determine the relative maturity range that will sustain maize production in northwest New Mexico (NM). Different relative maturity maize hybrids were grown at the Agricultural Science Center at Farmington ((Latitude 36.69° North, Longitude 108.31° West, elevation 1720 m) from 2003 to 2019 under sprinkler irrigation. A total of 343 hybrids were grouped as early and full season hybrids according to their relative maturity that ranged from 93 to 119 and 64 hybrids with unknown relative maturity. The crops were grown under optimal management condition with no stress of any kind. The results showed non-significant increase in grain yield in early season hybrids and non-significant decrease in grain yield with relative maturity in full season hybrids. The relative maturity range of 100–110 obtained reasonable high grain yields and could be considered under the northwestern New Mexico climatic conditions. However, more research should target the evaluation of different planting date coupled with plant population density to determine the planting window for the early season and full season hybrids for the production optimization and sustainability.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Curtis Owen; Margaret West; Samuel Allen; Komlan Koudahe; Murali Darapuneni; Michael O’Neill. Relationship between Relative Maturity and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Northwest New Mexico for the 2003–2019 Period. Agriculture 2020, 10, 290 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Curtis Owen, Margaret West, Samuel Allen, Komlan Koudahe, Murali Darapuneni, Michael O’Neill. Relationship between Relative Maturity and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Northwest New Mexico for the 2003–2019 Period. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (7):290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Curtis Owen; Margaret West; Samuel Allen; Komlan Koudahe; Murali Darapuneni; Michael O’Neill. 2020. "Relationship between Relative Maturity and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Northwest New Mexico for the 2003–2019 Period." Agriculture 10, no. 7: 290.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2020 in Water
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Alfalfa is one of the most nutritive and high-yielding forage legumes planted in rotation with cereal crops across the United States. Under semiarid and arid climates with limited water resources, sustainable management of the available resources is required. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different irrigation regimes and fungicide applications on alfalfa in the high desert region of the Colorado Plateau of the U.S. Field experiments were conducted during the 2012–2014 period. Alfalfa was planted in fall 2012, uniformly irrigated for crop establishment and subjected to seven different irrigation regimes after the first cut in spring 2013. Alfalfa was treated by fungicide application and was harvested at 10% blooming. The maximum amounts of applied water were 350, 300, 208, and 312 mm, respectively, during the first, second, third, and fourth regrowth cycles in 2013, and 373, 282, 198, and 246 mm in 2014 for the respective regrowth cycles in 2014; the seasonal applied irrigation amount varied from 711 to 1171 mm in 2013 and from 328 to 1100 mm in 2014. The results showed non-significant effect of fungicide application on the forage yield. Alfalfa forage yield was significantly affected by the irrigation regimes and showed a third order polynomial relationship with the applied irrigation amounts during each regrowth cycle and on seasonal scale. Forage yield decreased from the first cut to the fourth cut and the annual forage varied from 10.6 to 25.7 Mg/ha for the treated alfalfa and from 11.5 to 25.6 Mg/ha for the non-treated alfalfa. Forage yield at each cut accounted for 39.6, 24.2, 17.6, and 18.6% of the 2013 season forage yield and 31.4, 23.8, 21.6, and 23.2% of the 2014 season forage yield, for the first, second, third, and fourth cut, respectively. Alfalfa water use efficiency varied from 0.06 to 3.3 kg/m3. The relationships developed in this study could be used by forage growers, crop consultants, and project managers for decision making and planning to improve the productivity of water under the semiarid and arid climate of New Mexico and the surrounding regions.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Daniel Smeal; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen. Hay Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Alfalfa under Different Irrigation and Fungicide Regimes in a Semiarid Climate. Water 2020, 12, 1721 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Daniel Smeal, Komlan Koudahe, Samuel Allen. Hay Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Alfalfa under Different Irrigation and Fungicide Regimes in a Semiarid Climate. Water. 2020; 12 (6):1721.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Daniel Smeal; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen. 2020. "Hay Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Alfalfa under Different Irrigation and Fungicide Regimes in a Semiarid Climate." Water 12, no. 6: 1721.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2019 in Insects
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Potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) is one of the most important pests in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) due to its feeding behavior and the transmission of a bacterium (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum) that causes zebra chip disease, altering the quality of the potato tuber and the fried potato chip or french fry. This pest is thus a threat to the chip potato industry and often requires preventive measures including the use of costly insecticides. The objectives of this research were to monitor the variation in B. cockerelli adult abundance and to evaluate the risk of zebra chip disease in northwestern New Mexico, USA. Yellow sticky traps were used to collect the pest at the Agricultural Experiment Station at Farmington, NM and in nearby commercial fields at the Navajo Agricultural Products Industry (NAPI) and Navajo Mesa Farms during the 2017–2019 period. The collected adult pests were analyzed at Texas A & M University for the presence of Candidatus L. solanacearum (Lso). The results showed field infestation by B. cockerelli in early June and that the population peaked during the second half of July and decreased as the potato growing season progressed. However, a second less important peak of the pest was revealed around mid- to late-August, depending on the growing season and field. While the B. cockerelli population increased linearly with average air temperature, it showed strong third order polynomial relationships with the accumulated thermal units and the Julian days. The test of B. cockerelli for the Lso infection revealed a low incidence of the pathogen varying from 0.22% to 6.25% and the infected adult B. cockerelli were collected during the population peak period. The results of this study may be helpful to potato growers in pest management decision-making and control. However, more study is needed to evaluate zebra chip disease in terms of its prevention and economic impact, and to develop economic thresholds and pest management programs for northwestern New Mexico and neighboring regions.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Charles Higgins; Shantel Begay; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; Kevin Lombard; Michael O’Neill. Seasonal Occurrence of Potato Psyllid (Bactericera Cockerelli) and Risk of Zebra Chip Pathogen (Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum) in Northwestern New Mexico. Insects 2019, 11, 3 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Charles Higgins, Shantel Begay, Komlan Koudahe, Samuel Allen, Kevin Lombard, Michael O’Neill. Seasonal Occurrence of Potato Psyllid (Bactericera Cockerelli) and Risk of Zebra Chip Pathogen (Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum) in Northwestern New Mexico. Insects. 2019; 11 (1):3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Charles Higgins; Shantel Begay; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; Kevin Lombard; Michael O’Neill. 2019. "Seasonal Occurrence of Potato Psyllid (Bactericera Cockerelli) and Risk of Zebra Chip Pathogen (Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum) in Northwestern New Mexico." Insects 11, no. 1: 3.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2019 in Insects
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This study was conducted to monitor the population dynamics of six major insect pests at the NMSU Agricultural Science Center at Farmington (ASC-Farmington) and within an adjacent commercial farm (Navajo Agricultural Products Industry, NAPI) for more effective and efficient pest management during the 2013–2019 period. Specific pheromone traps, sticky and net traps were used to collects moths of beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua), cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli), and western bean cutworm (Striacosta albicosta). These insects generally appear in early June and their population decreases toward the end of August/early September with different peak times and magnitudes during July and August. Bactericera cockerelli was not substantially present in the commercial farm due to intensive insecticide application. Overall, all six insect species were present at ASC-Farmington, with relative abundance, in percent of the total collected moths by all traps, varying from 6.5 to 19% for Trichoplusia ni, 16 to 29.2% for Spodoptera exigua, 1.5 to 20.6% for Striacosta albicosta, 10 to 25% for Helicoverpa zea, 18.5 to 25.6% for Spodoptera frugiperda and 8.5 to 26.9% for Bactericera cockerelli. In NAPI’s commercial field, while the potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli was not recorded, Trichoplusia ni and Spodoptera exigua showed decreasing rates that varied from 27.5 to 4.2% and from 49.3 to 7.8%, respectively. Striacosta albicosta, Helicoverpa zea and Spodoptera exigua showed increasing rates varying from 2.9 to 28%, from 7.8 to 25.3% and from 10.9 to 52%, respectively. The results of this study could serve as a guideline for sustainable management strategies for each of the six species for production profitability.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Charles Higgins; Michael O’Neill; Shantel Begay; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; O’ Neill. Population Dynamics of Six Major Insect Pests During Multiple Crop Growing Seasons in Northwestern New Mexico. Insects 2019, 10, 369 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Charles Higgins, Michael O’Neill, Shantel Begay, Komlan Koudahe, Samuel Allen, O’ Neill. Population Dynamics of Six Major Insect Pests During Multiple Crop Growing Seasons in Northwestern New Mexico. Insects. 2019; 10 (11):369.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Charles Higgins; Michael O’Neill; Shantel Begay; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; O’ Neill. 2019. "Population Dynamics of Six Major Insect Pests During Multiple Crop Growing Seasons in Northwestern New Mexico." Insects 10, no. 11: 369.

Short communication
Published: 30 May 2019 in Aquaculture
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This study was conducted to determine the appropriate time and hormone administration protocol for induced spawning of the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish, Siganus sutor. Four different hormone administration treatments including LHRHa2 hormone at dosages of 10 and 20 μg/kg body weight (BW) (treatments L1 and L2), HCG hormone alone at a dosage of 2000 IU/kg BW (treatment H) and combined with 5 mg metoclopramide/kg BW (treatment HM) plus the control, 1 ml 0.9% saline water (treatment C) were administered on eight dates in mid-2016 (April 12, May 1, 8, 15 and 22 and June 1,8 and 15). Females (470.14 ± 8.56 g BW) received the hormone injection twice over a 24-h interval and all males received HCG hormone at a dosage of 2000 IU/kg BW; hence, each fish was used just once for the injection of hormone. A significantly greater number of spawned fish (70.8 ± 16%) was observed in treatment L2 compared with the other treatments (L1: 16.7 ± 10.8%; H: 45.8 ± 14%; HM: 45.8 ± 14%; and C: 4.2 ± 0.2%). Significantly greater numbers of eggs per female (469,083 ± 70,453 eggs) were obtained in treatment L2 compared with the other treatments (L1: 103375 ± 48,872 eggs; H: 294500 ± 74,348 eggs; HM: 287458 ± 72,856 eggs; and C: 18542 ± 18,000 eggs). Cluster analysis showed that the best time for induced spawning of S. sutor was 15 to 22 May and the best hormone for induced spawning was LHRHa2 at a dosage of 20 μg/kg BW of females. Such information can be helpful in the management of breeding programs for this important fish species.

ACS Style

Hojjatollah Fourooghifard; Kiuomars Roohani Ghadikolaee; Samuel Allen; Maryam Moezzi; Reza Dehghani; Mohammad Reza Zahedi. Determining the appropriate time and hormone administration for induced spawning and egg production of the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish, Siganus sutor (Valenciennes, 1835) during the reproductive season. Aquaculture 2019, 510, 318 -322.

AMA Style

Hojjatollah Fourooghifard, Kiuomars Roohani Ghadikolaee, Samuel Allen, Maryam Moezzi, Reza Dehghani, Mohammad Reza Zahedi. Determining the appropriate time and hormone administration for induced spawning and egg production of the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish, Siganus sutor (Valenciennes, 1835) during the reproductive season. Aquaculture. 2019; 510 ():318-322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hojjatollah Fourooghifard; Kiuomars Roohani Ghadikolaee; Samuel Allen; Maryam Moezzi; Reza Dehghani; Mohammad Reza Zahedi. 2019. "Determining the appropriate time and hormone administration for induced spawning and egg production of the shoemaker spinefoot rabbitfish, Siganus sutor (Valenciennes, 1835) during the reproductive season." Aquaculture 510, no. : 318-322.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2018 in Agronomy
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A long-term field experiment was conducted from 2002 to 2014 for the evaluation of yield and water productivity of three winter wheat varieties—Kharkof, Scout 66, and TAM107—under sprinkler irrigation at New Mexico State University Agricultural Science Center at Farmington, NM. Winter wheat daily evapotranspiration was estimated following the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization FAO crop coefficient approach (ETc = Kc ETo), and crop water use efficiency (CWUE), evapotranspiration water use efficiency (ETWUE), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were estimated for each growing season. There was inter-annual variation in seasonal precipitation and irrigation amounts. Seasonal irrigation amounts varied from 511 to 787 mm and the total water supply varied from 590 to 894 mm with precipitation representing a range of 7.7–24.2%. Winter wheat daily actual evapotranspiration (ETc) varied from 0.1 to 14.5 mm/day, averaging 2.7 mm/day during the winter wheat growing seasons, and the seasonal evapotranspiration varied from 625 to 890 mm. Grain yield was dependent on winter wheat variety, decreased with years, and varied from 1843.1 to 7085.7 kg/ha. TAM107 obtained the highest grain yield. Winter wheat CWUE, IWUE, and ETWUE were also varietal dependent and varied from 0.22 to 1.01 kg/m3, from 0.26 to 1.17 kg/m3, and from 0.29 to 0.92 kg/m3, respectively. CWUE linearly decreased with seasonal water, and IWUE linearly decreased with seasonal irrigation amount, while CWUE, IWUE, and ETWUE were positively correlated with the grain yield for the three winter wheat varieties, with R2 ≥ 0.85 for CWUE, R2 ≥ 0.69 for IWUE, and R2 ≥ 0.89 for ETWUE. The results of this study can serve as guidelines for winter wheat production in the semiarid Four Corners regions. Additional research need to be conducted for optimizing winter wheat irrigation management relative to planting date and fertilization management to reduce the yield gap between winter wheat actual yield and the national average yield.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Michael O’Neill; Curtis Owen; Daniel Smeal; Margaret West; Dallen Begay; Samuel Allen; Komlan Koudahe; Suat Irmak; Kevin Lombard. Long-Term Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seasonal Irrigation Amount, Evapotranspiration, Yield, and Water Productivity under Semiarid Climate. Agronomy 2018, 8, 96 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Michael O’Neill, Curtis Owen, Daniel Smeal, Margaret West, Dallen Begay, Samuel Allen, Komlan Koudahe, Suat Irmak, Kevin Lombard. Long-Term Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seasonal Irrigation Amount, Evapotranspiration, Yield, and Water Productivity under Semiarid Climate. Agronomy. 2018; 8 (6):96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Michael O’Neill; Curtis Owen; Daniel Smeal; Margaret West; Dallen Begay; Samuel Allen; Komlan Koudahe; Suat Irmak; Kevin Lombard. 2018. "Long-Term Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seasonal Irrigation Amount, Evapotranspiration, Yield, and Water Productivity under Semiarid Climate." Agronomy 8, no. 6: 96.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2018 in Agronomy
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Canola is a cash crop produced for its highly-valued seed, and as a protein source for animal feed. While winter canola is produced mainly in the high plains, it is expanding to new environments, and is greatly incorporated into crop systems with advantages in terms of increasing crop yield and improving soil health. The objectives of this study were to evaluate eight winter canola genotypes for seed yield, and to determine their water productivity under semiarid climates and high elevations in the Four Corners region at Farmington, New Mexico. A field experiment was conducted at the New Mexico State Agricultural Science Center at Farmington for five growing seasons. Eight genotypes of winter canola (Baldur, Flash, Safran, Sitro, Virginia, Visby, Wichita, and Sumner) were arranged into the randomized complete block design. The field was fully irrigated with a center pivot irrigation system. Results showed that winter canola seed yield was dependent on genotype, varying from 2393 to 5717 kg/ha. The highest yield was achieved by Sitro, and the lowest yield by Sumner. There was inter-annual variation in canola nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE), irrigation water-use efficiency (IWUE), and crop water-use efficiency (CWUE). NUE varied from 12.9 to 50.4 kg seed/kg N, with the highest NUE achieved by Sitro, and the lowest by Sumner. IWUE varied from 0.34 to 0.80 kg/m3, and canola CWUE from 0.28 to 0.69 kg/m3. The highest water productivity was achieved by Sitro. The results of this study showed full assessment of canola production under the semiarid climate in the Four Corners region, and could improve crop productivity and profitability.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Michael O’Neill; Curtis Owen; Daniel Smeal; Margaret West; Dallen Begay; Sangamesh V. Angadi; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; Kevin Lombard. Seed Yield and Water Productivity of Irrigated Winter Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Semiarid Climate and High Elevation. Agronomy 2018, 8, 90 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Michael O’Neill, Curtis Owen, Daniel Smeal, Margaret West, Dallen Begay, Sangamesh V. Angadi, Komlan Koudahe, Samuel Allen, Kevin Lombard. Seed Yield and Water Productivity of Irrigated Winter Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Semiarid Climate and High Elevation. Agronomy. 2018; 8 (6):90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Michael O’Neill; Curtis Owen; Daniel Smeal; Margaret West; Dallen Begay; Sangamesh V. Angadi; Komlan Koudahe; Samuel Allen; Kevin Lombard. 2018. "Seed Yield and Water Productivity of Irrigated Winter Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Semiarid Climate and High Elevation." Agronomy 8, no. 6: 90.

Journal article
Published: 26 May 2018 in Journal of Environmental Management
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The use of controlled-release urea (CRU) has become one of best management practices for increasing crop yield and improving nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE). However, the effects of CRU on direct-seeded rice are not well understood while direct-seeding has gradually replaced transplanting due to increasing labor cost and lack of irrigation water. The objective of this two-year field experiment was to compare the effects of the CRU at four rates (120, 180, 240 and 360 kg N ha−1, CRU1, CRU2, CRU3 and CRU4, respectively) with a conventional urea fertilizer (360 kg N ha−1; U) and a control (no N fertilizer applied; CK) on yield, biomass, NUE of direct-seeded rice and soil nutrients. The results indicated that the successive release rates of N from CRU corresponded well to the N requirements of rice. The use of CRU3 and CRU4 increased rice grain yields by 20.8 and 28.7%, respectively, compared with U. In addition, the NUEs were improved by all CRU treatments compared to the U treatment. Concentrations of NO3−-N and NH4+-N in the soil were increased, especially during the later growth stages of the rice, and the leaching of N was reduced with CRU treatments. In conclusion, applying CRU on direct-seeded rice increased the crops yields and NUE, increased nitrogen availability at the late growth stages, and reduced N leaching.

ACS Style

Shugang Zhang; Tianlin Shen; Yuechao Yang; Yuncong C. Li; Yongshan Wan; Min Zhang; Yafu Tang; Samuel C. Allen. Controlled-release urea reduced nitrogen leaching and improved nitrogen use efficiency and yield of direct-seeded rice. Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 220, 191 -197.

AMA Style

Shugang Zhang, Tianlin Shen, Yuechao Yang, Yuncong C. Li, Yongshan Wan, Min Zhang, Yafu Tang, Samuel C. Allen. Controlled-release urea reduced nitrogen leaching and improved nitrogen use efficiency and yield of direct-seeded rice. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 220 ():191-197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shugang Zhang; Tianlin Shen; Yuechao Yang; Yuncong C. Li; Yongshan Wan; Min Zhang; Yafu Tang; Samuel C. Allen. 2018. "Controlled-release urea reduced nitrogen leaching and improved nitrogen use efficiency and yield of direct-seeded rice." Journal of Environmental Management 220, no. : 191-197.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2018 in Water
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Under the semiarid climate of the Southwest United States, accurate estimation of crop water use is important for water management and planning under conservation agriculture. The objectives of this study were to estimate maize water use and water productivity in the Four Corners region of New Mexico. Maize was grown under full irrigation during the 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2017 seasons at the Agricultural Science Center at Farmington (NM). Seasonal amounts of applied irrigation varied from 576.6 to 1051.6 mm and averaged 837.7 mm and the total water supply varied from 693.4 to 1140.5 mm. Maize actual evapotranspiration was estimated using locally developed crop coefficient curve and the tabulated United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) crop coefficients, and from this maize water productivity was determined. Maize actual daily evapotranspiration (ETa) varied from 0.23 to 10.2 mm and the seasonal ETa varied with year and ranged from 634.2 to 697.7 mm averaging 665.3 mm by the local Kc curve, from 687.3 to 739.3 mm averaging 717.8 mm by the non-adjusted FAO Kc values, and from 715.8 to 779.6 mm averaging 754.9 mm with the FAO adjusted Kc values. Maize irrigation requirements varied from 758.4 to 848.3 mm and averaged 800.2 mm using the local developed Kc and varied from 835.5 to 935.6 mm and averaged 912.2 mm using FAO Kc. The net irrigation requirement varied from 606.8 to 678.6 using local Kc curve, and from 682.78 to 748.5 mm when adopting the FAO Kc values. Average irrigation requirement was 641 mm under the local Kc option and 730 mm under FAO Kc values option. Maize crop water use efficiency (CWUE) ranged from 1.3 to 1.9 kg/m3 and averaged 1.53 kg/m3, evapotranspiration water use efficiency (ETWUE) values were higher than CWUE and varied from 2.0 to 2.3 kg/m3, averaging 2.1 kg/m3. Maize irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was varied with years and averaged 1.74 kg/m3. There were strong relationships between maize CWUE and maize seasonal irrigation amounts of IWUE and the seasonal irrigation amounts with R2 of 0.97 and 0.92, respectively. Maize CWUE increased linearly with maize IWUE with a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.99, while IWUE showed a strong quadratic relationship with ETWUE (R2 = 0.94). The results of this study can be used as a guideline for maize water management under the semiarid conditions in northwestern New Mexico and other locations with similar climate and management conditions. Irrigation requirements for maize should be adjusted to the local meteorological conditions for optimizing maize irrigation requirement and improving maize water productivity.

ACS Style

Koffi Djaman; Michael O’Neill; Curtis K. Owen; Daniel Smeal; Komlan Koudahe; Margaret West; Samuel Allen; Kevin Lombard; Suat Irmak. Crop Evapotranspiration, Irrigation Water Requirement and Water Productivity of Maize from Meteorological Data under Semiarid Climate. Water 2018, 10, 405 .

AMA Style

Koffi Djaman, Michael O’Neill, Curtis K. Owen, Daniel Smeal, Komlan Koudahe, Margaret West, Samuel Allen, Kevin Lombard, Suat Irmak. Crop Evapotranspiration, Irrigation Water Requirement and Water Productivity of Maize from Meteorological Data under Semiarid Climate. Water. 2018; 10 (4):405.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koffi Djaman; Michael O’Neill; Curtis K. Owen; Daniel Smeal; Komlan Koudahe; Margaret West; Samuel Allen; Kevin Lombard; Suat Irmak. 2018. "Crop Evapotranspiration, Irrigation Water Requirement and Water Productivity of Maize from Meteorological Data under Semiarid Climate." Water 10, no. 4: 405.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2013 in HortTechnology
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Commercial wine grape (Vitis sp.) production in northwestern New Mexico and the greater Four Corners region is now supported by four wineries. The challenges of growing grape vines in northwestern New Mexico include cold winter temperatures and killing spring frosts exacerbated by a semiarid climate and elevations exceeding 1700 m. Nineteen nongrafted European wine grape (Vitis vinifera) and interspecific hybrid wine grape cultivars were planted in 2007 and evaluated between 2010 and 2012. Among European wine grape cultivars, Agria, Malbec, Sangiovese, Viognier, Müller-Thurgau, and Sauvignon Blanc performed poorly or failed altogether. Interspecific hybrid cultivars Baco Noir, Kozma 55, Leon Millot, Chardonel, Seyval Blanc, Siegfried, Traminette, Valvin Muscat, and Vidal Blanc showed greater adaptability to a high-elevation intermountain western U.S. site, yielding on greater than 71% of their vines in each year (except Kozma 55 which only produced on 38% of its vines in 2012 due to severe spring frost damage). We speculate that fruit-bearing shoots on these vines arose from latent buds that survived when primary buds were killed from spring frost events. Once vines were established, grape berry sugar and pH appeared to be within acceptable ranges (3-year mean above 21% soluble solids and juice pH of 3.2), suggesting regional potential to produce favorable wines within acceptable commercial wine grape production ranges. Selection of sites without considerable frost risk and other mesoclimate variances is critical when considering vineyard establishment at high-elevation locations.

ACS Style

Kevin Lombard; Bernd Maier; Franklin J. Thomas; Mick O’Neill; Samuel Allen; Rob Heyduck. Wine Grape Cultivar Performance in the Four Corners Region of New Mexico in 2010–12. HortTechnology 2013, 23, 699 -709.

AMA Style

Kevin Lombard, Bernd Maier, Franklin J. Thomas, Mick O’Neill, Samuel Allen, Rob Heyduck. Wine Grape Cultivar Performance in the Four Corners Region of New Mexico in 2010–12. HortTechnology. 2013; 23 (5):699-709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kevin Lombard; Bernd Maier; Franklin J. Thomas; Mick O’Neill; Samuel Allen; Rob Heyduck. 2013. "Wine Grape Cultivar Performance in the Four Corners Region of New Mexico in 2010–12." HortTechnology 23, no. 5: 699-709.

Book chapter
Published: 15 November 2007 in Ecological Basis of Agroforestry
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ACS Style

Shibu Jose; Samuel Allen; P Ramachandran Nair. Tree–Crop Interactions. Ecological Basis of Agroforestry 2007, 15 -36.

AMA Style

Shibu Jose, Samuel Allen, P Ramachandran Nair. Tree–Crop Interactions. Ecological Basis of Agroforestry. 2007; ():15-36.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shibu Jose; Samuel Allen; P Ramachandran Nair. 2007. "Tree–Crop Interactions." Ecological Basis of Agroforestry , no. : 15-36.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2006 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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The status of residual phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in agricultural soils is an environmental concern due to the possibility of the nutrients reaching adjacent water bodies through leaching or runoff. This concern is of particular importance in sandy and other coarse-textured, highly permeable soils. A 3-year study examined a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alleycropping system situated on an Ultisol in northwest Florida, USA, to determine the effects of tree–root competition and fertilizer application (poultry litter versus inorganic) on soil nutrient status with time. Overall, competition for P between tree and crop roots appeared to be minimal in these soils. However, build-up of P occurred in soil over time. After 2 years of fertilizer application in the alleycropping system, the average concentration of Mehlich 1-P in the surface soil (0–5 cm) increased from 74 to 106 mg kg−1, and water soluble P increased from 5.9 to 7.2 mg kg−1. In addition, accumulation of P in near-surface soils was slightly higher in manure-treated soils after the first year of treatment. A clay layer in the Ultisol at approximately 25 cm largely prevented further downward movement of P. Overall, in terms of potential environmental risks from P accumulation and loss via runoff or leaching in these soils, the organic fertilizer appears to pose a greater long-term risk than the inorganic fertilizer if application is based on plant N requirement (a common practice) rather than P requirement.

ACS Style

Samuel C. Allen; Vimala D. Nair; Donald A. Graetz; Shibu Jose; P.K. Ramachandran Nair. Phosphorus loss from organic versus inorganic fertilizers used in alleycropping on a Florida Ultisol. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2006, 117, 290 -298.

AMA Style

Samuel C. Allen, Vimala D. Nair, Donald A. Graetz, Shibu Jose, P.K. Ramachandran Nair. Phosphorus loss from organic versus inorganic fertilizers used in alleycropping on a Florida Ultisol. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2006; 117 (4):290-298.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel C. Allen; Vimala D. Nair; Donald A. Graetz; Shibu Jose; P.K. Ramachandran Nair. 2006. "Phosphorus loss from organic versus inorganic fertilizers used in alleycropping on a Florida Ultisol." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 117, no. 4: 290-298.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2004 in Biology and Fertility of Soils
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Information on temporal and spatial patterns of N mineralization is critical in designing tree-crop mixed systems that could maximize N uptake while minimizing N loss. We quantified N mineralization rates in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in northwestern Florida with (non-barrier) and without tree-crop belowground interactions (barrier separating the root systems of pecan and cotton). Monthly rates of mineralization were estimated using buried bag incubations over a 15-month period. In addition, seasonal mineralization rates and cotton lint yield on soils supplied with two sources of N—inorganic fertilizer and organic poultry litter—were assessed. Results indicated that temporal variations in net NH4 and NO3 accumulation and mineralization rates were driven primarily by environmental factors and to a lesser degree by initial soil NH4 and NO3 levels. Mineralization varied by belowground interaction treatment during the initial growing season, when the non-barrier treatment exhibited a higher mineralization rate than the barrier treatment, likely due to reduced nutrient uptake by cotton in the non-barrier or a higher degree of immobilization in the barrier treatment. Mineralization during the second growing season was similar for both treatments. Source of N had no effects on N transformation in the soil. Lint yield reductions were observed in the non-barrier treatment during both years compared to the barrier treatment, likely due to interspecific competition for water. Yield differences between treatments in the second growing season were likely compounded by a diminishing pre-study fallow effect. Source of N was found to have a significant effect on cotton yield, with inorganic fertilizer resulting in 39% higher lint compared to poultry litter in the barrier treatment.

ACS Style

Samuel Allen; Shibu Jose; P. K. R. Nair; Barry J. Brecke; Vimala D. Nair; Donald A. Graetz; Craig L. Ramsey. Nitrogen mineralization in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)?cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Biology and Fertility of Soils 2004, 41, 28 -37.

AMA Style

Samuel Allen, Shibu Jose, P. K. R. Nair, Barry J. Brecke, Vimala D. Nair, Donald A. Graetz, Craig L. Ramsey. Nitrogen mineralization in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)?cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 2004; 41 (1):28-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Allen; Shibu Jose; P. K. R. Nair; Barry J. Brecke; Vimala D. Nair; Donald A. Graetz; Craig L. Ramsey. 2004. "Nitrogen mineralization in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)?cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States." Biology and Fertility of Soils 41, no. 1: 28-37.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2004 in Plant and Soil
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Samuel C. Allen; Shibu Jose; P.K.R. Nair; Barry J. Brecke; Craig L. Ramsey. Competition for15N-labeled fertilizer in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Plant and Soil 2004, 263, 151 -164.

AMA Style

Samuel C. Allen, Shibu Jose, P.K.R. Nair, Barry J. Brecke, Craig L. Ramsey. Competition for15N-labeled fertilizer in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Plant and Soil. 2004; 263 (1):151-164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel C. Allen; Shibu Jose; P.K.R. Nair; Barry J. Brecke; Craig L. Ramsey. 2004. "Competition for15N-labeled fertilizer in a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States." Plant and Soil 263, no. 1: 151-164.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2004 in Forest Ecology and Management
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Forest Ecology and Management 192 (2004) 395-407. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.0092016-03-04T18:48:28

ACS Style

Samuel Allen; Shibu Jose; P.K.R. Nair; Barry J. Brecke; Peter Nkedi-Kizza; Craig L. Ramsey. Safety-net role of tree roots: evidence from a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Forest Ecology and Management 2004, 192, 395 -407.

AMA Style

Samuel Allen, Shibu Jose, P.K.R. Nair, Barry J. Brecke, Peter Nkedi-Kizza, Craig L. Ramsey. Safety-net role of tree roots: evidence from a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States. Forest Ecology and Management. 2004; 192 (2-3):395-407.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samuel Allen; Shibu Jose; P.K.R. Nair; Barry J. Brecke; Peter Nkedi-Kizza; Craig L. Ramsey. 2004. "Safety-net role of tree roots: evidence from a pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch)–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in the southern United States." Forest Ecology and Management 192, no. 2-3: 395-407.