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Balanced aquafeed is the key factor for enhancing the productivity of aquatic animals. In this context, aquatic animals require optimal amounts of lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. The original plant and animals’ ingredients in the basal diets are insufficient to provide aquafeed with suitable amounts of minerals. Concurrently, elements should be incorporated in aquafeed in optimal doses, which differ based on the basal diets’ species, age, size, and composition. Selenium is one of the essential trace elements involved in various metabolic, biological, and physiological functions. Se acts as a precursor for antioxidative enzyme synthesis leading to high total antioxidative capacity. Further, Se can enhance the immune response and the tolerance of aquatic animals to infectious diseases. Several metabolic mechanisms, such as thyroid hormone production, cytokine formation, fecundity, and DNA synthesis, require sufficient Se addition. The recent progress in the nanotechnology industry is also applied in the production of Se nanoparticles. Indeed, Se nanoparticles are elaborated as more soluble and bioavailable than the organic and non-organic forms. In aquaculture, multiple investigations have elaborated the role of Se nanoparticles on the performances and wellbeing of aquatic animals. In this review, the outputs of recent studies associated with the role of Se nanoparticles on aquatic animals’ performances were simplified and presented for more research and development.
Mahmoud A. O. Dawood; Mohammed F. El Basuini; Sevdan Yilmaz; Hany M. R. Abdel-Latif; Zulhisyam Abdul Kari; Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab; Hamada A. Ahmed; Mahmoud Alagawany; Mahmoud S. Gewaily. Selenium Nanoparticles as a Natural Antioxidant and Metabolic Regulator in Aquaculture: A Review. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1364 .
AMA StyleMahmoud A. O. Dawood, Mohammed F. El Basuini, Sevdan Yilmaz, Hany M. R. Abdel-Latif, Zulhisyam Abdul Kari, Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab, Hamada A. Ahmed, Mahmoud Alagawany, Mahmoud S. Gewaily. Selenium Nanoparticles as a Natural Antioxidant and Metabolic Regulator in Aquaculture: A Review. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (9):1364.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud A. O. Dawood; Mohammed F. El Basuini; Sevdan Yilmaz; Hany M. R. Abdel-Latif; Zulhisyam Abdul Kari; Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab; Hamada A. Ahmed; Mahmoud Alagawany; Mahmoud S. Gewaily. 2021. "Selenium Nanoparticles as a Natural Antioxidant and Metabolic Regulator in Aquaculture: A Review." Antioxidants 10, no. 9: 1364.
This study aims to determine the prevalence of STEC in she-camels suffering from mastitis in semi-arid regions by using traditional culture methods and then confirming it with Serological and molecular techniques in milk samples, camel feces, as well as human stool samples for human contacts. In addition, an antibiotic susceptibility profile for these isolates was investigation. Mastitic milk samples were taken after California Mastitis Test (CMT) procedure, and fecal samples were taken from she-camels and human stool samples, then cultured using traditional methods to isolate Escherichiacoli. These isolates were initially classified serologically, then an mPCR (Multiplex PCR) was used to determine virulence genes. Finally, both camel and human isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Out of a total of 180 she-camels, 34 (18.9%) were mastitic (8.3% clinical and 10.6% sub-clinical mastitis), where it was higher in camels bred with other animals. The total presence of E. coli was 21.9, 13.9, and 33.7% in milk, camel feces, and human stool, respectively, whereas the occurrence of STEC from the total E. coli isolates were 36, 16, and 31.4% for milk, camel feces, and stool, respectively. Among the camel isolates, stx1 was the most frequently detected virulence gene, while hlyA was not detected. The most detected virulence gene in human isolates was stx2 (45.5%), followed by stx1. Camel STEC showed resistance to Oxytetracycline only, while human STEC showed multiple drug resistance to Amoxicillin, Gentamycin, and Clindamycin with 81.8, 72.7, and 63.6%, respectively. Breeding camels in semi-arid areas separately from other animals may reduce the risk of infection with some bacteria, including E. coli; in contrast, mixed breeding with other animals contributes a significant risk factor for STEC emergence in camels.
Mohamed Said Diab; Reda Tarabees; Yasser F. Elnaker; Ghada A. Hadad; Marwa A. Saad; Salah A. Galbat; Sarah Albogami; Aziza M. Hassan; Mahmoud A. O. Dawood; Sabah Ibrahim Shaaban. Molecular Detection, Serotyping, and Antibiotic Resistance of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from She-Camels and In-Contact Humans in Egypt. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 1021 .
AMA StyleMohamed Said Diab, Reda Tarabees, Yasser F. Elnaker, Ghada A. Hadad, Marwa A. Saad, Salah A. Galbat, Sarah Albogami, Aziza M. Hassan, Mahmoud A. O. Dawood, Sabah Ibrahim Shaaban. Molecular Detection, Serotyping, and Antibiotic Resistance of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from She-Camels and In-Contact Humans in Egypt. Antibiotics. 2021; 10 (8):1021.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Said Diab; Reda Tarabees; Yasser F. Elnaker; Ghada A. Hadad; Marwa A. Saad; Salah A. Galbat; Sarah Albogami; Aziza M. Hassan; Mahmoud A. O. Dawood; Sabah Ibrahim Shaaban. 2021. "Molecular Detection, Serotyping, and Antibiotic Resistance of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from She-Camels and In-Contact Humans in Egypt." Antibiotics 10, no. 8: 1021.
Selenium (Se) is a multifunctional trace element required in specific amounts for the optimal growth of aquatic finfish species. For this reason, this study investigated the effect of Se nanoparticles on the growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Striped catfish fed varying Se nanoparticles levels (0. 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg) in triplicate units and kept for 60 days. Striped catfish delivered dietary Se nanoparticles had markedly increased growth performance, specific growth rate (SGR), consumed feed, and protein efficiency ratio but reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR). The whole body, liver, muscle, and gills have higher Se accumulation levels in fish that received Se nanoparticles than the control with the highest level in fish fed 2 mg/kg. The carcass composition showed higher protein content in fish fed 1 and 2 mg/kg (p=0.001 and 0.001) and higher ash content (p=0.001 and 0.002) in fish fed 2 mg/kg than the remaining groups. Superoxide dismutase was meaningfully activated in Striped catfish delivered 1 and 2 mg Se nanoparticles/kg compared with the control (p<0.05). Also, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were higher, and malondialdehyde level was lower in Striped catfish fed Se nanoparticles at 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg than the control (p<0.05). The villi exhibited a visible increase in both height and branching with an increased level of Se nanoparticles in addition to the increased number of goblet cells. The Se nanoparticles-treated fish revealed dose-dependent modifications fluctuated from diffuse fatty vacuolization in hepatocytes with eccentric pyknotic hepatocytes nuclei. In conclusion, Se nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish. Based on SGR and FCR data's regression analysis, Se nanoparticles are recommended at 1.02-1.11 mg/kg diet.
Mohamed E. El-Sharawy; Mohamed Hamouda; Ali A. Soliman; Asem A. Amer; Ahmed M. El-Zayat; Hani Sewilam; Elsayed M. Younis; Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Selenium nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMohamed E. El-Sharawy, Mohamed Hamouda, Ali A. Soliman, Asem A. Amer, Ahmed M. El-Zayat, Hani Sewilam, Elsayed M. Younis, Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Selenium nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed E. El-Sharawy; Mohamed Hamouda; Ali A. Soliman; Asem A. Amer; Ahmed M. El-Zayat; Hani Sewilam; Elsayed M. Younis; Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. 2021. "Selenium nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences , no. : 1.
The development of plant ingredients as an alternative to fish meal (FM) has received sustained interest in the aquaculture sector. The study investigated the replacement of FM with different percentages of dietary fermented soy pulp (FSP) to assess the growth performance, haematology, blood biochemical, liver, and gut morphology of African catfish. Five isonitrogenous (32 % crude protein) diets were prepared with FSP by replacing 0 % FSP (D1), 25 % FSP (D2), 50 % FSP (D3), 75 % FSP (D4) and 100 % FSP (D5) of FM component of the diets. The results showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in growth parameters where the fish fed D3 diet showed the highest weight gain, specific growth rate, and condition factor compared with other diets. The mean values of Red Blood Cell (RBC) and Lymphocytosis (LYM) were significantly highest (p < 0.05) in fish fed the D3 diet. The albumin (ALB), globulin (GLOB), and total protein (TP) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the control diet compared with the experimental diets. In addition, the D3 diet provides the highest total lactic bacteria (LAB) and total bacteria (TB) compared with other diets. FSP as a protein replacement of the FM had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on villus length, width, and crypt depth in fish's anterior and posterior gut. The histological study of the intestinal revealed that the gut of the D3 diet had an intact epithelial barrier with goblet cells arrangement and very well-organized villus structure, tunica muscularis compared with the other treatments. In conclusion, the replacement of 50 % FM with FSP could be used in the aquafeed industry for better growth and health status of African catfish and possibly for freshwater species.
Zulhisyam Abdul Kari; Muhammad Anamul Kabir; Khairiyah Mat; Nor Dini Rusli; Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab; Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad Ariff; Hisham Atan Edinur; Mohd Zulkifli Abdul Rahim; Siddhartha Pati; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood; Lee Seong Wei. The possibility of replacing fish meal with fermented soy pulp on the growth performance, blood biochemistry, liver, and intestinal morphology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Aquaculture Reports 2021, 21, 100815 .
AMA StyleZulhisyam Abdul Kari, Muhammad Anamul Kabir, Khairiyah Mat, Nor Dini Rusli, Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab, Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad Ariff, Hisham Atan Edinur, Mohd Zulkifli Abdul Rahim, Siddhartha Pati, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Lee Seong Wei. The possibility of replacing fish meal with fermented soy pulp on the growth performance, blood biochemistry, liver, and intestinal morphology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Aquaculture Reports. 2021; 21 ():100815.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZulhisyam Abdul Kari; Muhammad Anamul Kabir; Khairiyah Mat; Nor Dini Rusli; Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab; Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad Ariff; Hisham Atan Edinur; Mohd Zulkifli Abdul Rahim; Siddhartha Pati; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood; Lee Seong Wei. 2021. "The possibility of replacing fish meal with fermented soy pulp on the growth performance, blood biochemistry, liver, and intestinal morphology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)." Aquaculture Reports 21, no. : 100815.
The crucial need for safe and healthy aquatic animals obligates researchers in aquaculture to investigate alternative and beneficial additives. Medicinal herbals and their extracts are compromised with diverse effects on the performances of aquatic animals. These compounds can affect growth performance and stimulate the immune system when used in fish diet. In addition, the use of medicinal herbs and their extracts can reduce oxidative stress induced by several stressors during fish culture. Correspondingly, aquatic animals could gain increased resistance against infectious pathogens and environmental stressors. Nevertheless, the exact mode of action where these additives can affect aquatic animals’ performances is still not well documented. Understanding the mechanistic role of herbal supplements and their derivatives is a vital tool to develop further the strategies and application of these additives for feasible and sustainable aquaculture. Gene-related studies have clarified the detailed information on the herbal supplements’ mode of action when administered orally in aquafeed. Several review articles have presented the potential roles of medicinal herbs on the performances of aquatic animals. However, this review article discusses the outputs of studies conducted on aquatic animals fed dietary, medicinal herbs, focusing on the gene expression related to growth and immune performances. Furthermore, a particular focus is directed to the expected influence of herbal supplements on the reproduction of aquatic animals.
Ehsan Ahmadifar; Hamideh Pourmohammadi Fallah; Morteza Yousefi; Mahmoud Dawood; Seyed Hoseinifar; Hossein Adineh; Sevdan Yilmaz; Marina Paolucci; Hien Doan. The Gene Regulatory Roles of Herbal Extracts on the Growth, Immune System, and Reproduction of Fish. Animals 2021, 11, 2167 .
AMA StyleEhsan Ahmadifar, Hamideh Pourmohammadi Fallah, Morteza Yousefi, Mahmoud Dawood, Seyed Hoseinifar, Hossein Adineh, Sevdan Yilmaz, Marina Paolucci, Hien Doan. The Gene Regulatory Roles of Herbal Extracts on the Growth, Immune System, and Reproduction of Fish. Animals. 2021; 11 (8):2167.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEhsan Ahmadifar; Hamideh Pourmohammadi Fallah; Morteza Yousefi; Mahmoud Dawood; Seyed Hoseinifar; Hossein Adineh; Sevdan Yilmaz; Marina Paolucci; Hien Doan. 2021. "The Gene Regulatory Roles of Herbal Extracts on the Growth, Immune System, and Reproduction of Fish." Animals 11, no. 8: 2167.
Dietary cinnamon has several bioactive compounds with growth-promoting and immunomodulation potential and is suggested for finfish species. This study evaluated the inclusion of cinnamon at 0, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) diets. After 90 days, the highest final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and the lowest feed conversion ratio were seen in fish treated with 10 g/kg (p< 0.05). Further, the measured growth hormone in the blood indicated that fish treated with 10 g/kg had a higher level than fish 0 and 20 g/kg. After the feeding trial, fish treated with cinnamon at varying levels had higher lipid content than fish before the feeding trial (p< 0.05). Lower Vibrio spp. and Faecal Coliform counts were observed in fish treated with cinnamon than fish fed a cinnamon-free diet (p< 0.05). The hematocrit level was markedly (p< 0.05) increased in fish fed cinnamon at 10 g/kg compared to the control without significant differences with fish fed 15 and 20 g/kg. Hemoglobin was significantly increased in fish treated with cinnamon at 10, 15, and 20 g/kg compared to fish fed a cinnamon-free diet (p< 0.05). Red and white blood cells (RBCs and WBCs) were meaningfully (p< 0.05) increased in fish treated with cinnamon compared with the control. Markedly, fish treated with cinnamon had higher serum total lipids than the control with the highest value in fish treated with 15 g/kg (p< 0.05). The lysozyme activity was markedly higher in fish treated with 15 g cinnamon/kg than fish fed 0, 10, and 20 g/kg (p< 0.05). Moreover, phagocytic activity was significantly higher in fish treated with cinnamon at 10, and 15 g/kg than fish fed 0 and 20 g/kg (p< 0.05). In conclusion, dietary cinnamon is suggested at 10–15 g/kg for achieving the high production and wellbeing of European sea bass.
Mahmoud Habiba; Ebtehal Hussein; Ahmed Ashry; Ahmed El-Zayat; Aziza Hassan; Ahmed El-Shehawi; Hani Sewilam; Hien Van Doan; Mahmoud Dawood. Dietary Cinnamon Successfully Enhanced the Growth Performance, Growth Hormone, Antibacterial Capacity, and Immunity of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Animals 2021, 11, 2128 .
AMA StyleMahmoud Habiba, Ebtehal Hussein, Ahmed Ashry, Ahmed El-Zayat, Aziza Hassan, Ahmed El-Shehawi, Hani Sewilam, Hien Van Doan, Mahmoud Dawood. Dietary Cinnamon Successfully Enhanced the Growth Performance, Growth Hormone, Antibacterial Capacity, and Immunity of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Animals. 2021; 11 (7):2128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud Habiba; Ebtehal Hussein; Ahmed Ashry; Ahmed El-Zayat; Aziza Hassan; Ahmed El-Shehawi; Hani Sewilam; Hien Van Doan; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "Dietary Cinnamon Successfully Enhanced the Growth Performance, Growth Hormone, Antibacterial Capacity, and Immunity of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)." Animals 11, no. 7: 2128.
This study aims to evaluated the response of Oreochromissp. to cold stress. Two experiments were conducted involving a total of 1080 juvenile Oreochromis niloticus, O. mossambicus, O. niloticus♂ × O.mossambicus♀=F1♂ × O.mossambicus ♀ (Hybrid 1; H1) and O. mossambicus♂ × O. niloticus♀ (Hybrid 2; H2). In the 1st experiment, fish were exposed to cold water (12 °C) for 24 h and then hematological parameters, serum biochemical variables, innate immune responses, antioxidant status, and liver gene expression responses (hsp70, hsp27, hsp90, hsp40, cat, sod, eef1a1 and calreticulin) were analyzed. Hematological and serum biochemical responses involved species-specific differences. At optimal temperatures (28 °C), respiratory burts activity (RBA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) values of H1, H2 and O. mossambicus were significantly higher than O. niloticus (p< 0.05). While the RBAvalue of O. mossambicus decreased after exposure to cold water (p< 0.05), lysozyme activities of O. niloticus and H2 and MPO activities of all experimental fish increased significantly (p< 0.05). At control conditions (28 °C), cortisol levels were found to be higher in O. mossambicus than in H1 and O. niloticus (p< 0.05). A significant increase in cat and sod transcripts was observed in liver of fish being very pronounced in O. mossambicus and H2. The highest up-regulation was observed for hsp70 target where the lowest but significant up-regulation was observed for hsp90 gene. In 2nd experiment, water temperature was gradually decrease from 28 °C to 12 °C (average, 1 °C/1 h).Survival rates of H1 and H2 were found to be different compared to O. mossambicus and O. niloticus (p< 0.05) after 20 days of cold water challenge.O. mossambicus was the most cold-sensitive group, followed by the H2, H1 and O. niloticus. Our data should be carfully considered in view of the possible physiological and anti-stressor responses being species-specific in fish.
Sevdan Yilmaz; Sebahattin Ergün; Ekrem Şanver Çelik; Mohamed Banni; Ehsan Ahmadifar; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. The impact of acute cold water stress on blood parameters, mortality rate and stress-related genes in Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis mossambicus and their hybrids. Journal of Thermal Biology 2021, 100, 103049 .
AMA StyleSevdan Yilmaz, Sebahattin Ergün, Ekrem Şanver Çelik, Mohamed Banni, Ehsan Ahmadifar, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. The impact of acute cold water stress on blood parameters, mortality rate and stress-related genes in Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis mossambicus and their hybrids. Journal of Thermal Biology. 2021; 100 ():103049.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSevdan Yilmaz; Sebahattin Ergün; Ekrem Şanver Çelik; Mohamed Banni; Ehsan Ahmadifar; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. 2021. "The impact of acute cold water stress on blood parameters, mortality rate and stress-related genes in Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis mossambicus and their hybrids." Journal of Thermal Biology 100, no. : 103049.
Asem A. Amer; El‐Said M. El‐Nabawy; Ali H. Gouda; Mahmoud A. O. Dawood. The addition of insect meal from Spodoptera littoralis in the diets of Nile tilapia and its effect on growth rates, digestive enzyme activity and health status. Aquaculture Research 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAsem A. Amer, El‐Said M. El‐Nabawy, Ali H. Gouda, Mahmoud A. O. Dawood. The addition of insect meal from Spodoptera littoralis in the diets of Nile tilapia and its effect on growth rates, digestive enzyme activity and health status. Aquaculture Research. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAsem A. Amer; El‐Said M. El‐Nabawy; Ali H. Gouda; Mahmoud A. O. Dawood. 2021. "The addition of insect meal from Spodoptera littoralis in the diets of Nile tilapia and its effect on growth rates, digestive enzyme activity and health status." Aquaculture Research , no. : 1.
A 56-day feeding trial to evaluate the responses of red seabream (initial weight: 1.8 ± 0.02 g) to the substitution of fish oil (FO) with camelina oil (CO) at different ratios was conducted. The control diet formulated at 46% CP (6F0C) contained only FO without CO; from the second to the fifth diet, the FO was substituted with CO at rates of 5:1 (5F1C), 4:2 (4F2C), 3:3 (3F3C), 2:4 (2F4C), and 0:6 (0F6C). The results of the present study showed that up to full substitution of FO with CO showed no significant effect on growth variables BW = 26.2 g–28.3 g), body weight gain (BWG = 1275.5–1365.3%), specific growth rate (SGR = 4.6–4.7), feed intake (FI = 25.6–27.8), feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.0–1.1), biometric indices condition factor (CF = 2.2–2.4), hepatosomatic index (HSI = 0.9–1.1), viscerasomatic index (VSI = 7.5–9.5), and survival rates (SR = 82.2–100) with different FO substitution levels with CO. Similarly, there were no significant differences (p< 0.05) found in the whole-body composition except for the crude lipid content, and the highest value was observed in the control group (291 g/kg) compared to the other groups FO5CO1 (232 k/kg), FO4CO2 (212 g/kg), FO2CO4 (232 g/kg) and FO0CO6 (244 g/kg). Blood chemistry levels were not influenced in response to test diets: hematocrit (36–33%), glucose (Glu = 78.3–71.3 mg/dL), total protein (T-pro = 3.1–3.8 g/dL), total cholesterol (T-Chol = 196.0–241 mg/dL), blood urea nitrogen (BUN = 9.0–14.6 mg/dL), total bilirubin (T-Bil = 0.4–0.5 mg/dL), triglyceride (TG = 393.3–497.6 mg/dL), alanine aminotransferase test (ALT = 50–65.5 UL/L), aspartate aminotransferase test (AST = 38–69.3 UL/L). A remarkable modulation was observed in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the liver, as CAT and SOD values were lower with the complete FO substitution with CO (0F6C), and the highest values were observed in the control and (4F2C). This study indicates that red seabream may have the ability to maintain LC-PUFAs between tissues and diets, and CO substitution of FO could improve both lipid metabolism and oxidation resistance as well as maintain digestibility. In conclusion, dietary FO can be replaced up to 100% or 95% by CO in the diets of red seabream as long as n-3 HUFA, EPA, and DHA are incorporated at the recommended level.
Kumbukani Mzengereza; Manabu Ishikawa; Shunsuke Koshio; Saichiro Yokoyama; Zhang Yukun; Ronick Shadrack; Seok Seo; Tran Duy Khoa; Amina Moss; Serge Dossou; Mohammed Basuini; Mahmoud Dawood. Effect of Substituting Fish Oil with Camelina Oil on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Digestibility, Liver Histology, and Antioxidative Status of Red Seabream (Pagrus major). Animals 2021, 11, 1990 .
AMA StyleKumbukani Mzengereza, Manabu Ishikawa, Shunsuke Koshio, Saichiro Yokoyama, Zhang Yukun, Ronick Shadrack, Seok Seo, Tran Duy Khoa, Amina Moss, Serge Dossou, Mohammed Basuini, Mahmoud Dawood. Effect of Substituting Fish Oil with Camelina Oil on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Digestibility, Liver Histology, and Antioxidative Status of Red Seabream (Pagrus major). Animals. 2021; 11 (7):1990.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumbukani Mzengereza; Manabu Ishikawa; Shunsuke Koshio; Saichiro Yokoyama; Zhang Yukun; Ronick Shadrack; Seok Seo; Tran Duy Khoa; Amina Moss; Serge Dossou; Mohammed Basuini; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "Effect of Substituting Fish Oil with Camelina Oil on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Digestibility, Liver Histology, and Antioxidative Status of Red Seabream (Pagrus major)." Animals 11, no. 7: 1990.
The increasing global population has led to an increase in food demand; consequently, aquaculture is one of the food production sectors that has offered opportunities to alleviate hunger, malnutrition, and poverty. However, the development of a sustainable aquaculture industry has been hindered by the limited availability of natural resources as well as its negative impact on the surrounding environment. Hence, there is an urgent need to search for better aquacultural production systems that, despite their high productivity and profitability, utilize fewer resources such as water, energy, land, and capital in conjunction with a negligible impact on the environment. Biofloc technology (BFT) is one of the most exciting and promising sustainable aquaculture systems; it takes into account the intensive culture of aquatic species, zero water exchange, and improved water quality as a result of beneficial microbial biomass activity, which, at the same time, can be utilized as a nutritious aquaculture feed, thus lowering the costs of production. Furthermore, BFT permits the installation of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems in which the wastes of one organism are utilized as feed by another organism, without a detrimental effect on co-cultured species. This review, therefore, highlights the basics of BFT, factors associated with BFT for the successful production of aquatic species, the significance of this food production system for the sustainable production of economically important aquatic species, its economic aspects, drawbacks, limitations, and recommended management aspects for sustainable aquaculture.
Muziri Mugwanya; Mahmoud Dawood; Fahad Kimera; Hani Sewilam. Biofloc Systems for Sustainable Production of Economically Important Aquatic Species: A Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7255 .
AMA StyleMuziri Mugwanya, Mahmoud Dawood, Fahad Kimera, Hani Sewilam. Biofloc Systems for Sustainable Production of Economically Important Aquatic Species: A Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7255.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuziri Mugwanya; Mahmoud Dawood; Fahad Kimera; Hani Sewilam. 2021. "Biofloc Systems for Sustainable Production of Economically Important Aquatic Species: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7255.
Nanotechnology is one of the major advanced technologies applied in different fields, including agriculture, livestock, medicine, and food sectors. Nanomaterials can help maintain the sustainability of the livestock sector through improving quantitative and qualitative production of safe, healthy, and functional animal products. Given the diverse nanotechnology applications in the animal nutrition field, the use of nanomaterials opens the horizon of opportunities for enhancing feed utilization and efficiency in animal production. Nanotechnology facilitates the development of nano vehicles for nutrients (including trace minerals), allowing efficient delivery to improve digestion and absorption for better nutrient metabolism and physiology. Nanominerals are interesting alternatives for inorganic and organic minerals for animals that can substantially enhance the bioavailability and reduce pollution. Nanominerals promote antioxidant activity, and improve growth performance, reproductive performance, immune response, intestinal health, and the nutritional value of animal products. Nanominerals are also helpful for improving assisted reproductive technologies (ART) outcomes by enriching media for cryopreservation of spermatozoa, oocytes, and embryos with antioxidant nanominerals. Despite the promising positive effects of nanominerals on animal performance and health, there are various challenges related to nanominerals, including their metabolism and fate in the animal’s body. Thus, the economic, legal, and ethical implications of nanomaterials must also be considered by the authority. This review highlights the benefits of including nanominerals (particularly nano-selenium and nano-zinc) in animal diets and/or cryopreservation media, focusing on modes of action, physiological effects, and the potential toxicity of their impact on human health.
Sameh Abdelnour; Mahmoud Alagawany; Nesrein Hashem; Mayada Farag; Etab Alghamdi; Faiz Hassan; Rana Bilal; Shaaban Elnesr; Mahmoud Dawood; Sameer Nagadi; Hamada Elwan; Abeer Almasoudi; Youssef Attia. Nanominerals: Fabrication Methods, Benefits and Hazards, and Their Applications in Ruminants with Special Reference to Selenium and Zinc Nanoparticles. Animals 2021, 11, 1916 .
AMA StyleSameh Abdelnour, Mahmoud Alagawany, Nesrein Hashem, Mayada Farag, Etab Alghamdi, Faiz Hassan, Rana Bilal, Shaaban Elnesr, Mahmoud Dawood, Sameer Nagadi, Hamada Elwan, Abeer Almasoudi, Youssef Attia. Nanominerals: Fabrication Methods, Benefits and Hazards, and Their Applications in Ruminants with Special Reference to Selenium and Zinc Nanoparticles. Animals. 2021; 11 (7):1916.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSameh Abdelnour; Mahmoud Alagawany; Nesrein Hashem; Mayada Farag; Etab Alghamdi; Faiz Hassan; Rana Bilal; Shaaban Elnesr; Mahmoud Dawood; Sameer Nagadi; Hamada Elwan; Abeer Almasoudi; Youssef Attia. 2021. "Nanominerals: Fabrication Methods, Benefits and Hazards, and Their Applications in Ruminants with Special Reference to Selenium and Zinc Nanoparticles." Animals 11, no. 7: 1916.
The optimal water temperature for the normal growth of Nile tilapia is between 26 and 28 °C, and the toxicity of pesticides is strongly related to water temperature. An alternate approach to augmenting the resistance of fish to ambient water toxicity and low water temperature via synbiotic feeding was proposed. In this study, fish were allocated into four groups with 10 fish in each replicate, where they were fed a basal diet or synbiotics (550 mg/kg) and kept at a suboptimal water temperature (21 ± 2 °C). The prepared diets were fed to Nile tilapia for 30 days with or without deltamethrin (DMT) ambient exposure (15 μg/L). The groups were named control (basal diet without DMT toxicity), DMT (basal diet with DMT toxicity), synbiotic (synbiotics without DMT toxicity), and DMT + synbiotic (synbiotics with DMT toxicity). The results displayed upregulated transcription of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and interferon (IFN-γ) genes caused by DMT exposure and synbiotic feeding when compared with the controls. Moreover, HSP70 and CASP3 genes displayed increased transcription caused by DMT exposure without synbiotic feeding. However, fish fed with synbiotics showed downregulated HSP70 and CASP3 gene expressions. The transcription of IL-1β and IL-8 genes were also decreased by DMT exposure, while fish fed synbiotics showed upregulated levels. DMT exposure resulted in irregular histopathological features in gills, intestine, spleen, and liver tissues, while fish fed synbiotics showed regular, normal, and protected histopathological images. Our results indicated that dietary synbiotics ameliorated histopathological damages in DMT-exposed tilapia through alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as enhancing the immunity.
Mahmoud Gewaily; Safaa Abdo; Eman Moustafa; Marwa AbdEl-Kader; Ibrahim Abd El-Razek; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Mohamed Alkafafy; Sayed Raza; Mohammed El Basuini; Hien Van Doan; Mahmoud Dawood. Dietary Synbiotics Can Help Relieve the Impacts of Deltamethrin Toxicity of Nile Tilapia Reared at Low Temperatures. Animals 2021, 11, 1790 .
AMA StyleMahmoud Gewaily, Safaa Abdo, Eman Moustafa, Marwa AbdEl-Kader, Ibrahim Abd El-Razek, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Mohamed Alkafafy, Sayed Raza, Mohammed El Basuini, Hien Van Doan, Mahmoud Dawood. Dietary Synbiotics Can Help Relieve the Impacts of Deltamethrin Toxicity of Nile Tilapia Reared at Low Temperatures. Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1790.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud Gewaily; Safaa Abdo; Eman Moustafa; Marwa AbdEl-Kader; Ibrahim Abd El-Razek; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Mohamed Alkafafy; Sayed Raza; Mohammed El Basuini; Hien Van Doan; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "Dietary Synbiotics Can Help Relieve the Impacts of Deltamethrin Toxicity of Nile Tilapia Reared at Low Temperatures." Animals 11, no. 6: 1790.
The need to replace antibiotics in aquafeed is increasing, and alternative safe substances are now encouraged for sustainable aquaculture activity. Curcumin is regarded as a multifunctional feed additive with growth-promoting and immunostimulant potential. Thus, this study evaluated dietary inclusion of curcumin at rates of 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3% in the diets of Gilthead seabream for 150 days. The results showed an improved final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio in fish treated with curcumin, in a dose-dependent manner. The highest growth performance was observed in fish fed a diet supplemented with 3% curcumin. The results also showed lowered activity of pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio spp. and Faecal coliform) in the intestines of Gilthead seabream fed a diet with curcumin inclusion, in a dose-dependent manner. The hematological indices were within the normal range for healthy fish, without meaningful effects except for hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBCs), and white blood cells (WBCs), which were markedly increased by dietary curcumin. Phagocytic activity was obviously enhanced by dietary curcumin, compared with the control. The biochemical blood metabolites related to liver function (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)), renal tissue (urea), and total cholesterol were within the normal values, without significant differences. Overall, the inclusion of curcumin at a rate of 2–3% improved the growth performance and well-being of Gilthead seabream.
Ahmed Ashry; Aziza Hassan; Mahmoud Habiba; Ahmed El-Zayat; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Hani Sewilam; Mahmoud Dawood. The Impact of Dietary Curcumin on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Antibacterial Capacity, and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata). Animals 2021, 11, 1779 .
AMA StyleAhmed Ashry, Aziza Hassan, Mahmoud Habiba, Ahmed El-Zayat, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Hani Sewilam, Mahmoud Dawood. The Impact of Dietary Curcumin on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Antibacterial Capacity, and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata). Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1779.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Ashry; Aziza Hassan; Mahmoud Habiba; Ahmed El-Zayat; Mohamed El-Sharnouby; Hani Sewilam; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "The Impact of Dietary Curcumin on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Antibacterial Capacity, and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)." Animals 11, no. 6: 1779.
In aquaculture, fish are stressed with several factors involved in impacting the growth rate and health status. Although Nile tilapia can resist brackish water conditions, hypoxia status may impair the health condition of fish. Nile tilapia were exposed to salinity water at 0, 10, and 20‰ for four weeks then the growth behavior was checked. The results showed meaningfully lowered growth rate, feed utilization, and survival rate when fish kept in 20‰ for four weeks. Then fish were subdivided into six groups (factorial design, 2 × 3) in normoxia (DO, 6 mg/L) and hypoxia (DO, 1 mg/L) conditions for 24 h. High salinity (10 and 20‰) combined with hypoxia stress-induced inflammatory features in the intestines, gills, and livers of fish. The activities of SOD, CAT, and GPX were increased in the intestines, gills, and livers of fish grown in 10 and 20‰ and exposed with hypoxia stress. Fish grown in 20‰ and stressed with hypoxia had the highest ALT, AST, and ALP levels (p < 0.05) among the groups. The highest transcription levels of Il-8, Il-1β, Ifn-γ, Tnf-α, and Caspase-3 genes and the lowest level of Il-10 gene were observed in fish exposed with 20‰ and hypoxia. The outputs of Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) showed marked differences between fish groups with varied values. The lowest IBR was observed in fish reared in fresh water and normoxia, while the highest IBR was seen in the group of fish reared in 20‰ and hypoxia conditions (p < 0.05). These results confirm that Nile tilapia can tolerate 10‰ in normoxia but 20‰ salinity combined with hypoxia results in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory features in the intestines, gills, and livers. The obtained results indicate that hypoxia can affect the performances of Nile tilapia reared in brackish or high-water salinity leading to severe economic loss. Further future studies are required to understand the impact of different water salinities with hypoxia in the short term and long-term periods on the productivity of Nile tilapia.
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood; Ahmed E. Noreldin; Hani Sewilam. Long term salinity disrupts the hepatic function, intestinal health, and gills antioxidative status in Nile tilapia stressed with hypoxia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2021, 220, 112412 .
AMA StyleMahmoud A.O. Dawood, Ahmed E. Noreldin, Hani Sewilam. Long term salinity disrupts the hepatic function, intestinal health, and gills antioxidative status in Nile tilapia stressed with hypoxia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021; 220 ():112412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud A.O. Dawood; Ahmed E. Noreldin; Hani Sewilam. 2021. "Long term salinity disrupts the hepatic function, intestinal health, and gills antioxidative status in Nile tilapia stressed with hypoxia." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 220, no. : 112412.
Dietary egg lysozyme has beneficial roles in the growth performance and health conditions of animals. The study was performed using 90 multicolored rabbits in three groups (each replicate with thirty rabbits). In the control group, rabbits were fed a diet without zinc bacitracin (ZnB) or egg lysozyme, while the second and third groups were treated with ZnB and lysozyme additive at 100 mg/kg, respectively. After eight weeks, the final weight and body weight gain (BWG) of rabbits fed dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB additives were meaningfully increased (p< 0.05). Nevertheless, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was markedly decreased by dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB (p< 0.05). Interestingly, dietary egg lysozyme resulted in higher final weight and BWG and lower FCR than rabbits treated with ZnB (p< 0.05). Rabbits treated with egg lysozyme and ZnB additives had markedly lower populations of Clostridium spp. and Escherichia coli (p< 0.05) compared with the control. However, the counts of Lactobacillus and total bacteria were meaningfully increased in the the intestines of rabbits treated with egg lysozyme and ZnB (p< 0.05). The blood total protein and globulin of rabbits fed dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB additives were meaningfully increased (p< 0.05). Blood creatinine was significantly lowered by dietary egg lysozyme compared with the control and ZnB-treated rabbits (p< 0.05). The levels of blood urea, ALT, and AST were markedly lowered (p< 0.05) by dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB. The gene expressions of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the liver of rabbits fed dietary egg lysozyme and ZnB additives were markedly upregulated (p< 0.05) compared with the control. Dietary egg lysozyme resulted in higher expression of SOD1 and GPX genes than rabbits treated with ZnB (p< 0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of egg lysozyme could replace the inclusion of ZnB in the diets of rabbits.
Mahmoud El-Deep; Khairy Amber; Yahia Eid; Salama Aboelenin; Mohamed Soliman; Mohamed Sakr; Mahmoud Dawood. The Influence of Chicken Egg Lysozyme or Zinc-Bacitracin Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Antibacterial Capacity, Blood Profiles, and Antioxidative Status of Rabbits: A Comparative Study. Animals 2021, 11, 1731 .
AMA StyleMahmoud El-Deep, Khairy Amber, Yahia Eid, Salama Aboelenin, Mohamed Soliman, Mohamed Sakr, Mahmoud Dawood. The Influence of Chicken Egg Lysozyme or Zinc-Bacitracin Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Antibacterial Capacity, Blood Profiles, and Antioxidative Status of Rabbits: A Comparative Study. Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1731.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud El-Deep; Khairy Amber; Yahia Eid; Salama Aboelenin; Mohamed Soliman; Mohamed Sakr; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "The Influence of Chicken Egg Lysozyme or Zinc-Bacitracin Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Antibacterial Capacity, Blood Profiles, and Antioxidative Status of Rabbits: A Comparative Study." Animals 11, no. 6: 1731.
Increasing the stocking density of aquatic organisms becomes an urgent procedure in the current aquaculture practices. Concurrently, this study investigated the possibility of growing Nile tilapia under high stocking density while fortifying their feed with menthol essential oil (EO). Fish with the initial average weight of 17.19 ± 0.051 g/fish were allotted in eighteen tanks (80-L), representing six groups. The first and fourth groups stocked with 10 fish/tank (low density, LD), the second and fifth groups stocked with 20 fish/tank (medium density, MD), and the third and sixth groups stocked with 30 fish/tank (high density, HD). The first three groups received the basal diet without menthol EO, while the remaining groups received a menthol EO mixed diet. The values of water total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), ammonia‑nitrogen (NH3−N), and ammonium‑nitrogen (NH4+-N) increased in the HD group, followed by MD, and the lowest levels were seen in the LD group either with or without dietary menthol EO. There is a marked effect of stocking density and menthol EO on the final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate traits, and feed efficiency ratio (p < 0.05). Further, the stocking density and menthol EO were significant factors (p < 0.05) on the serum triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, globulin, uric acid, urea, and creatinine levels. The cortisol levels were markedly (p < 0.05) increased in fish fed the basal diet and reared in HD but decreased in fish fed menthol EO and grown in LD and MD conditions. Nevertheless, the glucose level is sharply increased with increasing the stocking density in a linear trend (p < 0.05). The antioxidative-related factors (SOD, CAT, and GPx) were markedly impacted by menthol EO and stocking density and showed the highest activities by menthol EO. The histological study showed inflammatory features in the gills and liver of fish under HD conditions, while dietary menthol EO relieved the inflammation induced by high malonaldehyde concentration. Altogether, dietary menthol EO resulted in enhanced growth rate, health status, and antioxidative capacity in LD, MD, and HD conditions, referring to high immune status and well-being of Nile tilapia.
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood; Ahmed E. Noreldin; Mervat A.M. Ali; Hani Sewilam. Menthol essential oil is a practical choice for intensifying the production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on the growth and health performances. Aquaculture 2021, 543, 737027 .
AMA StyleMahmoud A.O. Dawood, Ahmed E. Noreldin, Mervat A.M. Ali, Hani Sewilam. Menthol essential oil is a practical choice for intensifying the production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on the growth and health performances. Aquaculture. 2021; 543 ():737027.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahmoud A.O. Dawood; Ahmed E. Noreldin; Mervat A.M. Ali; Hani Sewilam. 2021. "Menthol essential oil is a practical choice for intensifying the production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on the growth and health performances." Aquaculture 543, no. : 737027.
Nucleotides (NT), as a modern feed additive, are effective in many vital functions of cultured aquatic organisms. An experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary nucleotides on the growth performance, carcass composition, liver enzymatic profile, liver, intestine, and spleen histology in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (initial weight 29.56 ± 0.083 g/fish). Four isonitrogenous (46 % crude protein) and isolipidic (16 % crude lipid) experimental diets were supplemented with different levels of nucleotides, representing N0, N500, N1000, and N1500 treatments, respectively. Each diet was fed to three net enclosures (experimental net cage: 1 × 1 × 1 m) with 0.5 m3 water volume, and each net enclosure contained eight fish. The fish were fed to satiation for 56 days. The results showed significant (P < 0.05) differences in growth performance and feed utilization indices in favor of N500 among all the treatments (P < 0.05). Seabass fed N0 and N1500 had the significantly lowest results. No significant (P < 0.05) differences in survival were detected. Fish fed diets supplemented with nucleotides exhibited significantly lower values of alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST), alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), and bilirubin (BIL) compared with the control. The intestine, liver, and spleen histology showed the best development in N500 fed group fish compared with the other treatment, mainly N0 and N1500. In conclusion, the present experiment showed that 500 mg/kg of dietary nucleotides is the optimum level for the best growth performance, health condition, and digestive organs development of D. labrax.
Fawzy I. Magouz; Mohamed M. Abdel‐Rahim; Ayman M. Lotfy; Amira Mosbah; Mohamed Alkafafy; Hani Sewilam; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Dietary nucleotides enhanced growth performance, carcass composition, blood biochemical, and histology features of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. Aquaculture Reports 2021, 20, 100738 .
AMA StyleFawzy I. Magouz, Mohamed M. Abdel‐Rahim, Ayman M. Lotfy, Amira Mosbah, Mohamed Alkafafy, Hani Sewilam, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Dietary nucleotides enhanced growth performance, carcass composition, blood biochemical, and histology features of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. Aquaculture Reports. 2021; 20 ():100738.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFawzy I. Magouz; Mohamed M. Abdel‐Rahim; Ayman M. Lotfy; Amira Mosbah; Mohamed Alkafafy; Hani Sewilam; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. 2021. "Dietary nucleotides enhanced growth performance, carcass composition, blood biochemical, and histology features of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L." Aquaculture Reports 20, no. : 100738.
Waterborne herbicides are stressful agents that threaten the productivity and safety of finfish species. In this study, the toxicity impacts of atrazine (ATZ) and the protective role of fucoidan were investigated on the health performance of Nile tilapia. For 40 days, the total number of 180 Nile tilapia was assigned in four groups (triplicates, 15 fish/replicate), where the first (control) and third groups were offered the control diet, while the second and fourth groups were offered a fucoidan (FCN). Further, in the third and fourth groups, the water was mixed with atrazine (ATZ) at 1.39 mg/L daily. The growth rate, FCR, and survival rate were markedly enhanced by fucoidan but severely declined by ATZ exposure (p< 0.05). The morphological structure of the intestine in the control fish revealed normal structure, while fucoidan-treated groups showed eminent enhancement and branching of the intestinal villi. The intestine of ATZ-treated fish revealed deterioration and the intestinal mucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration, and separation of lining epithelium. The highest Hb, PCV, RBCs, WBCs, total protein, and albumin were observed in Nile tilapia fed fucoidan, but the worst values were seen in ATZ-intoxicated fish (p< 0.05). The liver-related enzymes (ALT and AST) and kidney function (urea and creatinine) showed impaired values by ATZ toxicity and were regulated by dietary fucoidan. Meanwhile, fish fed fucoidan and exposed to ATZ had lower total cholesterol and triglyceride values than fish exposed to ATZ without fucoidan feeding (p< 0.05). The SOD, CAT, GPx, cortisol, and glucose levels were increased in ATZ-exposed fish and reduced by fucoidan (p< 0.05). However, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in fucoidan-fed fish and increased in ATZ-exposed fish (p< 0.05). Altogether, dietary fucoidan is required in fish diets to alleviate the impacts of ATZ-induced toxicity.
Abdel-Wahab Abdel-Warith; Elsayed Younis; Nasser Al-Asgah; Mahmoud Gewaily; Shaimaa El-Tonoby; Mahmoud Dawood. Role of Fucoidan on the Growth Behavior and Blood Metabolites and Toxic Effects of Atrazine in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Animals 2021, 11, 1448 .
AMA StyleAbdel-Wahab Abdel-Warith, Elsayed Younis, Nasser Al-Asgah, Mahmoud Gewaily, Shaimaa El-Tonoby, Mahmoud Dawood. Role of Fucoidan on the Growth Behavior and Blood Metabolites and Toxic Effects of Atrazine in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Animals. 2021; 11 (5):1448.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdel-Wahab Abdel-Warith; Elsayed Younis; Nasser Al-Asgah; Mahmoud Gewaily; Shaimaa El-Tonoby; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "Role of Fucoidan on the Growth Behavior and Blood Metabolites and Toxic Effects of Atrazine in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)." Animals 11, no. 5: 1448.
Evaluation of the growth rate of Nile tilapia in bioflocs with different carbon sources under low and high stocking density provides insight into the suitability of each system for tilapia culture. The experiment was conducted for 98 days with two different fish densities (low stocking density (LSD), 140 fish /m3 and high stocking density, (HSD), 280/m3). Initial fish weight was 5.15 ± 1.12 g. Three carbon sources were used in biofloc units–glycerol, molasses, and starch. The highest concentrations of total ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate and the lowest levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) were observed in control fish reared under LSD or HSD, Moisture, total lipids, and crude proteins in bioflocs formed with glycerol as a carbon source under LSD showed the highest values, while total ash and fiber showed the lowest levels for other combinations of conditions. Growth parameters of Nile tilapia, including final body weight, total body weight gain (BWG), average daily gain, and specific growth rate, were substantially affected by stocking density. Generally, whole-body protein and lipid % showed positive trends with the addition of a carbon source, especially glycerol-based BF reared at LSD that showed the highest (p < 0.05) protein and lipid %. Additionally, the lipid content of control fish at LSD displayed the lowest values among all experimental groups. The addition of glycerol at LSD downregulated GH gene expression 0.6-fold, without affecting MSTN expression. Further, significant upregulation of both IGF-1 and GHR1 genes 5 and 2.1-fold, respectively, were recorded under this condition. At HSD, the addition of glycerol upregulated expression of GHR1, GH, and IGF-1 genes 1.7, 2.5, and 1.9-fold, respectively, but MSTN gene expression was maintained at the control level. Growth rate and feed utilization were improved and growth-related genes upregulated in fish under LSD with glycerol and molasses as carbon sources.
Waleed N. El-Hawarry; Ramy M. Shourbela; Yasmeen G. Haraz; Shymaa A. Khatab; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. The influence of carbon source on growth, feed efficiency, and growth-related genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared under biofloc conditions and high stocking density. Aquaculture 2021, 542, 736919 .
AMA StyleWaleed N. El-Hawarry, Ramy M. Shourbela, Yasmeen G. Haraz, Shymaa A. Khatab, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. The influence of carbon source on growth, feed efficiency, and growth-related genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared under biofloc conditions and high stocking density. Aquaculture. 2021; 542 ():736919.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWaleed N. El-Hawarry; Ramy M. Shourbela; Yasmeen G. Haraz; Shymaa A. Khatab; Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. 2021. "The influence of carbon source on growth, feed efficiency, and growth-related genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared under biofloc conditions and high stocking density." Aquaculture 542, no. : 736919.
As the world population increases, there will be an increase in demand for poultry meat. To satisfy this requirement, sustainably will be a significant challenge as different countries in the world face different health problems. Additionally, for decades, poultry nutritionists have worked on sustainability in broiler manufacturing plants. The usage of short- and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), which have positive effects as growth promoters and immunostimulants, is a pioneering way to decrease the cost of diets and improve environmentally friendly and sustainable production in this critical era. This study aimed at evaluating the influences of alpha-monoglyceride (alpha-monolaurin) on the growth performance, biochemical parameters, lipid profiles, liver oxidative stress, and immune response in broilers. Alpha-monolaurin was included at the levels of 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/kg in broiler diets. After 33 days, dietary supplementation of alpha-monolaurin showed no impact on the feed intake; however, broilers fed 0.5 g/kg feed displayed a significantly reduced food conversion ratio, as compared to the control (p ≤ 0.05). However, body weight and body weight gain tended to increase after 0.25 g/kg alpha-monolaurin supplementation, as compared to other groups. The highest European production efficiency factor (EPEF) was obtained with 0.25 g/kg alpha-monolaurin supplementation. The ether extract utilization and spleen weight were improved substantially (p ≤ 0.05) by alpha-monolaurin supplementation, but muscle and other organ weights were not affected. Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) was decreased significantly by alpha-monolaurin supplementation, while plasma total protein and albumin were enhanced (p ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, broilers fed alpha-monolaurin displayed an increased antibody titer of the Newcastle disease (ND) virus and muscle unsaturated fatty acid content, and a decreased liver content of malondialdehyde (MDA). It could be assumed that dietary supplementation of alpha-monolaurin positively impacts birds’ feed efficiency and immune response and can be applied as a natural immune enhancer in the broiler industry.
Ahmed Saleh; Bahaa El-Gharabawy; Aziza Hassan; Nemat Badawi; Yahya Eid; Shaimaa Selim; Mustafa Shukry; Mahmoud Dawood. Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Alpha-Monolaurin on the Growth Performance, Lipid Peroxidation, and Immunity Response in Broilers. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5231 .
AMA StyleAhmed Saleh, Bahaa El-Gharabawy, Aziza Hassan, Nemat Badawi, Yahya Eid, Shaimaa Selim, Mustafa Shukry, Mahmoud Dawood. Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Alpha-Monolaurin on the Growth Performance, Lipid Peroxidation, and Immunity Response in Broilers. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmed Saleh; Bahaa El-Gharabawy; Aziza Hassan; Nemat Badawi; Yahya Eid; Shaimaa Selim; Mustafa Shukry; Mahmoud Dawood. 2021. "Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Alpha-Monolaurin on the Growth Performance, Lipid Peroxidation, and Immunity Response in Broilers." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5231.