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Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an mRNA binding protein suggested to have a substantial role in regulating the mRNA expression of numerous inflammatory factors, but data on TTP and its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a chronic low-grade inflammatory disorder, are scarce. We hypothesize that TTP may modulate MetS and its components. A total of 200 Saudi adults (aged 38.6 ± 8.3 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometrics data were collected and fasting blood glucose taken for the assessment of glycemic, lipids and inflammatory markers using commercially available assays. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP ATP III) criteria were used to define MetS. Results showed significantly higher levels of TTP in the MetS group than in controls [288.1 pg/mL vs. 150.9 pg/mL, p< 0.001]. Circulating TTP was significantly associated with tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α, R = 0.30, p< 0.05], interleukin 1β [IL-1β, R = 0.41, p< 0.01] and C-reactive protein [CRP, R = 0.36, p< 0.01], adiponectin [R = 0.36, p< 0.05], insulin [R = 0.37, p< 0.05], and insulin resistance [HOMA-IR, R = 0.40, p< 0.05]. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) suggest a potential use of TTP as diagnostic biomarker for MetS [AUC = 0.819, p< 0.001]. The findings suggest that TTP is associated with inflammation and glycemia, which may influence MetS. TTP is a promising diagnostic biomarker for MetS which can be confirmed in larger cohorts.
Nasser Al-Daghri; Albatul Al-Shuwaie; Amani Alghamdi; Osama Amer; Malak Khattak; Mohammed Ansari; Abdullah Alnaami; Shaun Sabico. Tristetraprolin, Inflammation, and Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Adults: A Case Control Study. Biology 2021, 10, 550 .
AMA StyleNasser Al-Daghri, Albatul Al-Shuwaie, Amani Alghamdi, Osama Amer, Malak Khattak, Mohammed Ansari, Abdullah Alnaami, Shaun Sabico. Tristetraprolin, Inflammation, and Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Adults: A Case Control Study. Biology. 2021; 10 (6):550.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNasser Al-Daghri; Albatul Al-Shuwaie; Amani Alghamdi; Osama Amer; Malak Khattak; Mohammed Ansari; Abdullah Alnaami; Shaun Sabico. 2021. "Tristetraprolin, Inflammation, and Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Adults: A Case Control Study." Biology 10, no. 6: 550.
The study aimed to explore the influence of the COVID-19 lockdown on the mental status and dietary intake of residents in Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was conducted from 11 May to 6 June 2020 corresponding to almost two weeks during and after Ramadan (23 April–23 May 2020). The Patient Health Questionnaire was used to assess anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among the participants was 25.4%, 27.7%, and 19.6%, respectively. Participants aged ≥50 years with high income (≥8000 SAR) were at a lower risk of developing depression, whereas participants of the same age group with income 5000–7000 SAR were at high risk of developing anxiety. Students and master-educated participants suffer from median elevated depression and are required to take more multivitamins and vitamin D than others. Anxiety and depression were more common among married participants with low income. There is a wide range of Saudi residents who are at a higher risk of mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policymakers and mental healthcare providers are advised to provide continuous monitoring of the psychological consequences during this pandemic and provide mental support.
Hanan Alfawaz; Sobhy Yakout; Kaiser Wani; Ghadah Aljumah; Mohammed Ansari; Malak Khattak; Syed Hussain; Nasser Al-Daghri. Dietary Intake and Mental Health among Saudi Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1653 .
AMA StyleHanan Alfawaz, Sobhy Yakout, Kaiser Wani, Ghadah Aljumah, Mohammed Ansari, Malak Khattak, Syed Hussain, Nasser Al-Daghri. Dietary Intake and Mental Health among Saudi Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (4):1653.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanan Alfawaz; Sobhy Yakout; Kaiser Wani; Ghadah Aljumah; Mohammed Ansari; Malak Khattak; Syed Hussain; Nasser Al-Daghri. 2021. "Dietary Intake and Mental Health among Saudi Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1653.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, trends, and predictors of coffee consumption among Saudi female students and its association with anthropometric and demographic variables. A survey-based study using a face-to-face interview was designed, and 930 (aged 21.5 ± 2.1 years) apparently healthy female students from different departments of King Saud University participated. The prevalence of coffee consumption was significantly higher (88.2%, p < 0.03) in the central Riyadh region. Coffee consumers had significantly higher prevalence of being overweight than non-consumers (p = 0.02). The frequency of coffee consumption was significantly higher (p < 0.02) in students who were single and belonged to families with a moderate income level. Coffee consumption was significantly higher among first-year students with a high-scale grade point average (GPA) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively). Increased coffee consumption during exam and stress conditions was associated with unhealthy dietary habits such as using more sugar and spices. The prevalence of coffee consumption was high among Saudi females. High body mass index (BMI) and increased family income level were strong determinants for coffee consumption. Continued nutritional education and awareness about the potential positive and negative health effects of coffee consumption and the importance of food label use should be provided to younger generations in order to correct the wrong perceptions.
Hanan A. Alfawaz; Nasiruddin Khan; Sobhy M. Yakout; Malak N. K. Khattak; Amani A. Alsaikhan; Areej A. Almousa; Taghreed A. Alsuwailem; Taghreed M. Almjlad; Nada A. Alamri; Sahar G. Alshammari; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Prevalence, Predictors, and Awareness of Coffee Consumption and Its Trend among Saudi Female Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7020 .
AMA StyleHanan A. Alfawaz, Nasiruddin Khan, Sobhy M. Yakout, Malak N. K. Khattak, Amani A. Alsaikhan, Areej A. Almousa, Taghreed A. Alsuwailem, Taghreed M. Almjlad, Nada A. Alamri, Sahar G. Alshammari, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Prevalence, Predictors, and Awareness of Coffee Consumption and Its Trend among Saudi Female Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (19):7020.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanan A. Alfawaz; Nasiruddin Khan; Sobhy M. Yakout; Malak N. K. Khattak; Amani A. Alsaikhan; Areej A. Almousa; Taghreed A. Alsuwailem; Taghreed M. Almjlad; Nada A. Alamri; Sahar G. Alshammari; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2020. "Prevalence, Predictors, and Awareness of Coffee Consumption and Its Trend among Saudi Female Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19: 7020.
Vitamin D (VD) has been observed to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of VD supplementation on the serum amyloid P component (SAP) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the effect of VD supplementation on serum SAP levels in Arab adults. A total of 155 VD-deficient adult Saudis (56 males and 99 females) were recruited in this non-randomized, 6-month, single-arm trial. The intervention was as follows; cholecalciferol 50,000 international units (IU) every week for the first 2 months, followed by 50,000 twice a month for the next two months, and for the last two months, 1000 IU daily. Serum 25(OH)D, SAP, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile, and glucose were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. At post-intervention, VD levels were significantly increased, while SAP levels significantly decreased in all study participants. Remarkably, this reduction in SAP was more significant in males than females after stratification. SAP was inversely correlated with VD overall (r = −0.17, p < 0.05), and only in males (r = −0.27, p < 0.05) after stratification according to sex after 6 months of VD supplementation. Such a relationship was not observed at baseline. VD supplementation can favorably modulate serum SAP concentrations in Arab adults, particularly in males.
Osama E. Amer; Malak N. K. Khattak; Abdullah M. Alnaami; Naji J. Aljohani; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Vitamin D Correction Down-Regulates Serum Amyloid P Component Levels in Vitamin D Deficient Arab Adults: A Single-Arm Trial. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2880 .
AMA StyleOsama E. Amer, Malak N. K. Khattak, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Naji J. Aljohani, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Vitamin D Correction Down-Regulates Serum Amyloid P Component Levels in Vitamin D Deficient Arab Adults: A Single-Arm Trial. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (9):2880.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOsama E. Amer; Malak N. K. Khattak; Abdullah M. Alnaami; Naji J. Aljohani; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2020. "Vitamin D Correction Down-Regulates Serum Amyloid P Component Levels in Vitamin D Deficient Arab Adults: A Single-Arm Trial." Nutrients 12, no. 9: 2880.
The objective of this study was to examine the awareness, knowledge, and habits regarding dietary fiber intake and to analyze its relationship with self-reported health status among Saudi adults. A survey-based study using face-to-face interview was designed, and 1363 apparently healthy adult Saudi males and females participated. Most participants were females (81.2%), aged 25 and above (87.2%), and were educated at least up to the secondary level of education (80.8%). The majority of the participants were aware of the role of fiber-rich foods in health conditions such as obesity (70.5%), cardiovascular diseases (68.9%), and regulation of blood sugar (68.9%), with females significantly having higher nutrition knowledge than males. A disconnect in translating this nutrition knowledge was observed particularly in food choices when eating out, where preferences for white bread (84.4%), fried potatoes (69.9%) and peeled fruits (60.6%) were significantly higher than preferences for cooked vegetables (29.6%) and brown bread (18.1%). The most common reason for this disconnect was due to perception that foods rich in dietary fibers were expensive (72.1%), have less health benefits (56.5%), were not readily available (51.6%), and participants’ disliking of the taste (52.8%). Participants in the highest quartile (Q4) for dietary fiber consumption reported a lower prevalence of constipation (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval of 0.40, 0.28–0.57, p < 0.01), high cholesterol (0.43, 0.27–0.68, p < 0.01) and obesity (0.67, 0.44–0.98, p = 0.03) than participants in the lowest quartile (Q1). Dietary fiber intake appears to be protective against constipation, high cholesterol and obesity in Saudi adults. However, a disparity observed between knowledge and attitude towards intake of dietary fibers could limit its health benefits. Further studies including adolescents should be conducted to impart knowledge on the emotional, cognitive and sensory factors related to food choices in order to minimize the gap between nutrition knowledge and the consumption of healthy high-fiber diets.
Hanan Alfawaz; Nasiruddin Khan; Haya Alhuthayli; Kaiser Wani; Muneerah A. Aljumah; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Saad A. Alghanim; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Awareness and Knowledge Regarding the Consumption of Dietary Fiber and Its Relation to Self-Reported Health Status in an Adult Arab Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1 .
AMA StyleHanan Alfawaz, Nasiruddin Khan, Haya Alhuthayli, Kaiser Wani, Muneerah A. Aljumah, Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak, Saad A. Alghanim, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Awareness and Knowledge Regarding the Consumption of Dietary Fiber and Its Relation to Self-Reported Health Status in an Adult Arab Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanan Alfawaz; Nasiruddin Khan; Haya Alhuthayli; Kaiser Wani; Muneerah A. Aljumah; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Saad A. Alghanim; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2020. "Awareness and Knowledge Regarding the Consumption of Dietary Fiber and Its Relation to Self-Reported Health Status in an Adult Arab Population: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 1.
Current dietary supplement (DS) use among Saudi school students is not well described. In this study, we aim to investigate the prevalence and predictors of DS use among adolescents. This cross-sectional study collected data via self-administered questionnaire from 1221 students (12 to 18 years). The overall prevalence of DS use was 26.2%, significantly higher in females than males (33% vs. 17.9%, p < 0.001). High proportion of female DS users demonstrated normal BMI than males (84% vs. 56.5%, p < 0.001). High percentage of male DS users were engaged in vigorous and/or high physical activity (PA) levels than female DS users (58.2% vs. 43%, p = 0.022; and 57.1% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001, respectively). The main reasons for DS use among females were vitamin deficiency (63.3%), hair condition (37.6%) and nail health (23.5%) while in males, the main reasons were vitamin deficiency (58.4%) and body building (34.4%). The predictors of DS use in Saudi adolescents included being female, having high family income and being physically active. In conclusion, the overall prevalence and preference of DS use, though low among Saudi adolescents, was driven mostly by gender, physical activity levels and socioeconomic factors like family income. DS use guidelines and counselling among Saudi adolescents are warranted to improve public health.
Hanan Alfawaz; Nasiruddin Khan; Alwateen Almarshad; Kaiser Wani; Muneerah A. Aljumah; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. The Prevalence and Awareness Concerning Dietary Supplement Use among Saudi Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3515 .
AMA StyleHanan Alfawaz, Nasiruddin Khan, Alwateen Almarshad, Kaiser Wani, Muneerah A. Aljumah, Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. The Prevalence and Awareness Concerning Dietary Supplement Use among Saudi Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanan Alfawaz; Nasiruddin Khan; Alwateen Almarshad; Kaiser Wani; Muneerah A. Aljumah; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2020. "The Prevalence and Awareness Concerning Dietary Supplement Use among Saudi Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3515.
This 12-month, randomized, controlled lifestyle intervention study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in terms of (1) the reduction of at least 5% of body weight compared to baseline and (2) the percentage of participants in which fasting blood glucose (FBG) normalizes (
Kaiser Wani; Hanan Alfawaz; Abdullah M. Alnaami; Shaun Sabico; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Omar Al-Attas; Majed S. Alokail; Mohammed Alharbi; George Chrousos; Sudhesh Kumar; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Effects of a 12-Month Intensive Lifestyle Monitoring Program in Predominantly Overweight/Obese Arab Adults with Prediabetes. Nutrients 2020, 12, 464 .
AMA StyleKaiser Wani, Hanan Alfawaz, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Shaun Sabico, Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak, Omar Al-Attas, Majed S. Alokail, Mohammed Alharbi, George Chrousos, Sudhesh Kumar, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Effects of a 12-Month Intensive Lifestyle Monitoring Program in Predominantly Overweight/Obese Arab Adults with Prediabetes. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (2):464.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaiser Wani; Hanan Alfawaz; Abdullah M. Alnaami; Shaun Sabico; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Omar Al-Attas; Majed S. Alokail; Mohammed Alharbi; George Chrousos; Sudhesh Kumar; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2020. "Effects of a 12-Month Intensive Lifestyle Monitoring Program in Predominantly Overweight/Obese Arab Adults with Prediabetes." Nutrients 12, no. 2: 464.
The present study aimed to investigate the changes in dietary patterns of adult Saudis with prediabetes who underwent a six-month lifestyle modification program. A total of 160 Saudis with prediabetes (baseline fasting glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/L), aged 20–60 years, were enrolled in one of the two arms: A one-time general advice about lifestyle modification (GA group) at orientation or a well-structured and monitored nutrition and lifestyle counseling for six months (guidance group). Fasting blood samples and a dietary recall for daily intakes of macro/micronutrients using a validated computerized food database “ESHA—the Food Processor Nutrition Analysis program” were collected pre- and post-intervention. Compliance to reference daily intake (RDI) was also calculated at both time points. At baseline, overall, severe deficiencies in the majority of micronutrient intakes were observed. Post intervention, clinically significant improvements in the glycemic indices (fasting glucose and insulin resistance) were seen over time in the guidance group. Also, significant improvements in dietary habits and physical activity levels were more apparent in the guidance group than the GA group, particularly in the daily intakes of total carbohydrate (46.9% compliance post vs. 20.3% at baseline); dietary fiber (21.9% vs. 3.1%); and some micronutrients like vitamin B6 (21.3% vs. 6.7%), vitamin B12 (45.3% vs. 28%), vitamin C (21.9% vs. 7.8%), riboflavin (40% vs. 10.7%), niacin (41.3% vs. 14.7%), magnesium (18.8% vs. 4.7%), iron (54.7% vs. 34.4%), and copper (37.3% vs. 13.3%). The study highlights the effects of a six-month lifestyle modification program in improving dietary micronutrient intakes of Saudis with prediabetes. Since micronutrient intake was observed to be low, fortification of these micronutrients in the Saudi diet is recommended.
Hanan Alfawaz; Alsoodeeri Fahadah Naeef; Kaiser Wani; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Shaun Sabico; Abdullah M. Alnaami; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Improvements in Glycemic, Micronutrient, and Mineral Indices in Arab Adults with Pre-Diabetes Post-Lifestyle Modification Program. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2775 .
AMA StyleHanan Alfawaz, Alsoodeeri Fahadah Naeef, Kaiser Wani, Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak, Shaun Sabico, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Improvements in Glycemic, Micronutrient, and Mineral Indices in Arab Adults with Pre-Diabetes Post-Lifestyle Modification Program. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (11):2775.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanan Alfawaz; Alsoodeeri Fahadah Naeef; Kaiser Wani; Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak; Shaun Sabico; Abdullah M. Alnaami; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2019. "Improvements in Glycemic, Micronutrient, and Mineral Indices in Arab Adults with Pre-Diabetes Post-Lifestyle Modification Program." Nutrients 11, no. 11: 2775.
The study aimed to determine whether neck circumference is associated with bone metabolism markers among adult Arab women and found modest but significant associations with bone resorption markers, suggesting that neck circumference, a surrogate measure of upper subcutaneous fat, influences bone turnover expression among adult females. Body fat distribution is associated with decreased bone resorption and neck circumference (NC), a surrogate measure for upper body fat, has never been tested as a marker that can reflect bone turnover. This is the first study aimed to analyze the associations between NC and several bone biomarkers among adult Saudi women. This cross-sectional study included a total of 265 middle-aged Saudi women [86 non-obese (mean age 52.7 ± 8.1; mean BMI 26.9 ± 2.3) and 179 obese (mean age 50.6 ± 7.5; mean BMI 35.7 ± 4.5)] recruited from primary care centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Anthropometrics included BMI, NC, waist and hip circumferences, total body fat percentage (%), and blood pressure. Biochemical parameters included glucose and lipid profile which were measured routinely. Serum levels of 25(OH) D, parathyroid hormone, RANKl, sclerostin, C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTX-I), Dkk1, IL1β, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, and osteocalcin were measured using commercially available assays. In all groups, NC was inversely associated with PTH (R = − 0.22; p < 0.05) and positively associated with osteoprotegerin (R = 0.20; p < 0.05) even after adjustments for age and BMI. Using all anthropometric indices as independent variables showed that only NC explained the variance perceived in CTX-I (p = 0.049). In the non-obese, waist-hip ratio (WHR) was significantly associated with sclerostin (R = 0.40; p < 0.05) and body fat was significantly associated with osteopontin (R = 0.42; p < 0.05). NC is modestly but significantly associated with bone biomarkers, particularly the bone resorption markers, among adult Arab women. The present findings highlight the importance of NC as measure of upper body subcutaneous fat in influencing bone biomarker expression in adult females.
R.S. Albassam; S. Sabico; A.M. Alnaami; M.N.K. Khattak; K.Y. Lei; N.M. Al-Daghri; J.-Y. Reginster; M.S. Alokail. Bone metabolism markers are associated with neck circumference in adult Arab women. Osteoporosis International 2019, 30, 845 -852.
AMA StyleR.S. Albassam, S. Sabico, A.M. Alnaami, M.N.K. Khattak, K.Y. Lei, N.M. Al-Daghri, J.-Y. Reginster, M.S. Alokail. Bone metabolism markers are associated with neck circumference in adult Arab women. Osteoporosis International. 2019; 30 (4):845-852.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR.S. Albassam; S. Sabico; A.M. Alnaami; M.N.K. Khattak; K.Y. Lei; N.M. Al-Daghri; J.-Y. Reginster; M.S. Alokail. 2019. "Bone metabolism markers are associated with neck circumference in adult Arab women." Osteoporosis International 30, no. 4: 845-852.
Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to affect iron status via decreased calcitriol production, translating to decreased erythropoiesis. The present study aimed to determine for the first time whether vitamin D supplementation can affect iron levels among Arab adolescents. A total of 125 out of the initial 200 Saudi adolescents with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) were selected from the Vitamin D-School Project of King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cluster randomization was done in schools, and students received either vitamin D tablets (1000 IU/day) (N = 53, mean age 14.1 ± 1.0 years) or vitamin D-fortified milk (40IU/200mL) (N = 72, mean age 14.8 ± 1.4 years). Both groups received nutritional counseling. Anthropometrics, glucose, lipids, iron indices, and 25(OH)D were measured at baseline and after six months. Within group analysis showed that post-intervention, serum 25(OH)D significantly increased by as much as 50%, and a parallel decrease of −42% (p-values
Mohammad S. Masoud; Majed S. Alokail; Sobhy M. Yakout; Malak Nawaz K. Khattak; Marwan M. AlRehaili; Kaiser Wani; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Vitamin D Supplementation Modestly Reduces Serum Iron Indices of Healthy Arab Adolescents. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1870 .
AMA StyleMohammad S. Masoud, Majed S. Alokail, Sobhy M. Yakout, Malak Nawaz K. Khattak, Marwan M. AlRehaili, Kaiser Wani, Nasser M. Al-Daghri. Vitamin D Supplementation Modestly Reduces Serum Iron Indices of Healthy Arab Adolescents. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (12):1870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad S. Masoud; Majed S. Alokail; Sobhy M. Yakout; Malak Nawaz K. Khattak; Marwan M. AlRehaili; Kaiser Wani; Nasser M. Al-Daghri. 2018. "Vitamin D Supplementation Modestly Reduces Serum Iron Indices of Healthy Arab Adolescents." Nutrients 10, no. 12: 1870.