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DualSPHysics is a weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) Navier–Stokes solver initially conceived to deal with coastal engineering problems, especially those related to wave impact with coastal structures. Since the first release back in 2011, DualSPHysics has shown to be robust and accurate for simulating extreme wave events along with a continuous improvement in efficiency thanks to the exploitation of hardware such as graphics processing units for scientific computing or the coupling with wave propagating models such as SWASH and OceanWave3D. Numerous additional functionalities have also been included in the DualSPHysics package over the last few years which allow the simulation of fluid-driven objects. The use of the discrete element method has allowed the solver to simulate the interaction among different bodies (sliding rocks, for example), which provides a unique tool to analyse debris flows. In addition, the recent coupling with other solvers like Project Chrono or MoorDyn has been a milestone in the development of the solver. Project Chrono allows the simulation of articulated structures with joints, hinges, sliders and springs and MoorDyn allows simulating moored structures. Both functionalities make DualSPHysics especially suited for the simulation of offshore energy harvesting devices. Lately, the present state of maturity of the solver goes beyond single-phase simulations, allowing multi-phase simulations with gas–liquid and a combination of Newtonian and non-Newtonian models expanding further the capabilities and range of applications for the DualSPHysics solver. These advances and functionalities make DualSPHysics an advanced meshless solver with emphasis on free-surface flow modelling.
J. M. Domínguez; G. Fourtakas; C. Altomare; R. B. Canelas; A. Tafuni; O. García-Feal; I. Martínez-Estévez; A. Mokos; R. Vacondio; A. J. C. Crespo; B. D. Rogers; P. K. Stansby; M. Gómez-Gesteira. DualSPHysics: from fluid dynamics to multiphysics problems. Computational Particle Mechanics 2021, 1 -29.
AMA StyleJ. M. Domínguez, G. Fourtakas, C. Altomare, R. B. Canelas, A. Tafuni, O. García-Feal, I. Martínez-Estévez, A. Mokos, R. Vacondio, A. J. C. Crespo, B. D. Rogers, P. K. Stansby, M. Gómez-Gesteira. DualSPHysics: from fluid dynamics to multiphysics problems. Computational Particle Mechanics. 2021; ():1-29.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. M. Domínguez; G. Fourtakas; C. Altomare; R. B. Canelas; A. Tafuni; O. García-Feal; I. Martínez-Estévez; A. Mokos; R. Vacondio; A. J. C. Crespo; B. D. Rogers; P. K. Stansby; M. Gómez-Gesteira. 2021. "DualSPHysics: from fluid dynamics to multiphysics problems." Computational Particle Mechanics , no. : 1-29.
Three open source wave models are applied in 2DV to reproduce a large-scale wave flume experiment of bichromatic wave transformations over a steep-sloped dike with a mildly-sloped and very shallow foreshore: (i) the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations solver interFoam of OpenFOAM® (OF), (ii) the weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics model DualSPHysics (DSPH) and (iii) the non-hydrostatic nonlinear shallow water equations model SWASH. An inter-model comparison is performed to determine the (standalone) applicability of the three models for this specific case, which requires the simulation of many processes simultaneously, including wave transformations over the foreshore and wave-structure interactions with the dike, promenade and vertical wall. A qualitative comparison is done based on the time series of the measured quantities along the wave flume, and snapshots of bore interactions on the promenade and impacts on the vertical wall. In addition, model performance and pattern statistics are employed to quantify the model differences. The results show that overall, OF provides the highest model skill, but has the highest computational cost. DSPH is shown to have a reduced model performance, but still comparable to OF and for a lower computational cost. Even though SWASH is a much more simplified model than both OF and DSPH, it is shown to provide very similar results: SWASH exhibits an equal capability to estimate the maximum quasi-static horizontal impact force with the highest computational efficiency, but does have an important model performance decrease compared to OF and DSPH for the force impulse.
Vincent Gruwez; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Maximilian Streicher; Lorenzo Cappietti; Andreas Kortenhaus; Peter Troch. An Inter-Model Comparison for Wave Interactions with Sea Dikes on Shallow Foreshores. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 985 .
AMA StyleVincent Gruwez, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Maximilian Streicher, Lorenzo Cappietti, Andreas Kortenhaus, Peter Troch. An Inter-Model Comparison for Wave Interactions with Sea Dikes on Shallow Foreshores. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (12):985.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincent Gruwez; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Maximilian Streicher; Lorenzo Cappietti; Andreas Kortenhaus; Peter Troch. 2020. "An Inter-Model Comparison for Wave Interactions with Sea Dikes on Shallow Foreshores." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12: 985.
The Pont del Petroli is a dismissed pier in the area of Badalona, Spain, with high historical and social value. This structure was heavily damaged in January 2020 during the storm Gloria that hit southeastern Spain with remarkable strength. The reconstruction of the pier requires the assessment and characterization of the wave loading that determined the structural failure. Therefore, a state-of-the-art Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) code was employed herein as an aid for a planned experimental campaign that will be carried out at the Maritime Engineering Laboratory of Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech (LIM/UPC). The numerical model is based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) and has been employed to simulate conditions very similar to those that manifested during the storm Gloria. The high computational cost for a full 3-D simulation has been alleviated by means of inlet boundary conditions, allowing wave generation very close to the structure. Numerical results reveal forces higher than the design loads of the pier, including both self-weight and accidental loads. This demonstrates that the main failure mechanism that led to severe structural damage of the pier during the storm is related to the exceeded lateral soil resistance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research represents the first known application of SPH open boundary conditions to model a real-world engineering case.
Corrado Altomare; Angelantonio Tafuni; José M. Domínguez; Alejandro J. C. Crespo; Xavi Gironella; Joaquim Sospedra. SPH Simulations of Real Sea Waves Impacting a Large-Scale Structure. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 826 .
AMA StyleCorrado Altomare, Angelantonio Tafuni, José M. Domínguez, Alejandro J. C. Crespo, Xavi Gironella, Joaquim Sospedra. SPH Simulations of Real Sea Waves Impacting a Large-Scale Structure. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (10):826.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrado Altomare; Angelantonio Tafuni; José M. Domínguez; Alejandro J. C. Crespo; Xavi Gironella; Joaquim Sospedra. 2020. "SPH Simulations of Real Sea Waves Impacting a Large-Scale Structure." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10: 826.
Due to ongoing climate change, overtopping risk is increasing. In order to have effective countermeasures, it is useful to understand overtopping processes in details. In this study overtopping flow on a dike with gentle and shallow foreshores are investigated using a non-hydrostatic wave-flow model, SWASH (an acronym of Simulating WAves till SHore). The SWASH model in 2DV (i.e., flume like configuration) is first validated using the data of long crested wave cases with second order wave generation in the physical model test conducted. After that it is used to produce overtopping flow in different wave conditions and bathymetries. The results indicated that the overtopping risk is better characterized by the time dependent h (overtopping flow depth) and u (overtopping flow velocity) instead of hmax (maximum overtopping flow depth) and umax (maximum overtopping flow velocity), which led to overestimation of the risk. The time dependent u and h are strongly influenced by the dike configuration, namely by the promenade width and the existence of a vertical wall on the promenade: the simulation shows that the vertical wall induces seaward velocity on the dike which might be an extra risk during extreme events.
Tomohiro Suzuki; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Yasuda; Toon Verwaest. Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 752 .
AMA StyleTomohiro Suzuki, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Yasuda, Toon Verwaest. Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (10):752.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomohiro Suzuki; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Yasuda; Toon Verwaest. 2020. "Characterization of Overtopping Waves on Sea Dikes with Gentle and Shallow Foreshores." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10: 752.
This paper presents a brief review of grand challenges of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. As a meshless method, SPH can simulate a large range of applications from astrophysics to free-surface flows, to complex mixing problems in industry and has had notable successes. As a young computational method, the SPH method still requires development to address important elements which prevent more widespread use. This effort has been led by members of the SPH rEsearch and engineeRing International Community (SPHERIC) who have identified SPH Grand Challenges. The SPHERIC SPH Grand Challenges (GCs) have been grouped into 5 categories: (GC1) convergence, consistency and stability, (GC2) boundary conditions, (GC3) adaptivity, (GC4) coupling to other models, and (GC5) applicability to industry. The SPH Grand Challenges have been formulated to focus the attention and activities of researchers, developers, and users around the world. The status of each SPH Grand Challenge is presented in this paper with a discussion on the areas for future development.
Renato Vacondio; Corrado Altomare; Matthieu De Leffe; Xiangyu Hu; David Le Touzé; Steven Lind; Jean-Christophe Marongiu; Salvatore Marrone; Benedict D. Rogers; Antonio Souto-Iglesias. Grand challenges for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics numerical schemes. Computational Particle Mechanics 2020, 8, 575 -588.
AMA StyleRenato Vacondio, Corrado Altomare, Matthieu De Leffe, Xiangyu Hu, David Le Touzé, Steven Lind, Jean-Christophe Marongiu, Salvatore Marrone, Benedict D. Rogers, Antonio Souto-Iglesias. Grand challenges for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics numerical schemes. Computational Particle Mechanics. 2020; 8 (3):575-588.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenato Vacondio; Corrado Altomare; Matthieu De Leffe; Xiangyu Hu; David Le Touzé; Steven Lind; Jean-Christophe Marongiu; Salvatore Marrone; Benedict D. Rogers; Antonio Souto-Iglesias. 2020. "Grand challenges for Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics numerical schemes." Computational Particle Mechanics 8, no. 3: 575-588.
In this paper, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations solver, interFoam of OpenFOAM®, is validated for wave interactions with a dike, including a promenade and vertical wall, on a shallow foreshore. Such a coastal defence system is comprised of both an impermeable dike and a beach in front of it, forming the shallow foreshore depth at the dike toe. This case necessitates the simulation of several processes simultaneously: wave propagation, wave breaking over the beach slope, and wave interactions with the sea dike, consisting of wave overtopping, bore interactions on the promenade, and bore impacts on the dike-mounted vertical wall at the end of the promenade (storm wall or building). The validation is done using rare large-scale experimental data. Model performance and pattern statistics are employed to quantify the ability of the numerical model to reproduce the experimental data. In the evaluation method, a repeated test is used to estimate the experimental uncertainty. The solver interFoam is shown to generally have a very good model performance rating. A detailed analysis of the complex processes preceding the impacts on the vertical wall proves that a correct reproduction of the horizontal impact force and pressures is highly dependent on the accuracy of reproducing the bore interactions.
Vincent Gruwez; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Maximilian Streicher; Lorenzo Cappietti; Andreas Kortenhaus; Peter Troch. Validation of RANS Modelling for Wave Interactions with Sea Dikes on Shallow Foreshores Using a Large-Scale Experimental Dataset. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 650 .
AMA StyleVincent Gruwez, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Maximilian Streicher, Lorenzo Cappietti, Andreas Kortenhaus, Peter Troch. Validation of RANS Modelling for Wave Interactions with Sea Dikes on Shallow Foreshores Using a Large-Scale Experimental Dataset. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (9):650.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincent Gruwez; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Maximilian Streicher; Lorenzo Cappietti; Andreas Kortenhaus; Peter Troch. 2020. "Validation of RANS Modelling for Wave Interactions with Sea Dikes on Shallow Foreshores Using a Large-Scale Experimental Dataset." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 9: 650.
The efficiency of a low-reflective caisson built at the Outer Port of Punta Langosteira (A Coruña, Spain), with a front-wall porosity of ≈ 5%, has been numerically investigated by means of OpenFOAM® for different chamber configurations and different sea states. The numerical model is validated with data coming from experimental tests performed on a scaled prototype. First, two different water levels, low and mean tide levels, are analysed. Results show that the caisson is inefficient when the water level inside the chamber is low, and suggest its proper installation taking into account the tidal regime of the area. For mean tide level inside the chamber, the efficiency of the caisson shows to be strongly dependent on the wave period and height. However, it is shown to be more sensitive to the period for low wave heights than for the high ones. Overall, the reflection coefficient ranged from 0.365 (B/Lc=0.14 s, H=0.02 m) to 0.660 (B/Lc=0.26 s, H=0.02 m). Alternative configurations with one and two chambers are also examined instead of three. Overall, the reflection coefficient is very high ( > 0.95) for the configuration with only one chamber. For the two and three-chambered caissons the mean reflection coefficient is similar ( ≈ 0.5) but the dispersion of the values is much higher for the two-chambered caisson, with values ranging from 0.176 to 0.794.
B. Tagliafierro; A.J.C. Crespo; J. González-Cao; C. Altomare; J. Sande; E. Peña; M. Gómez-Gesteira. Numerical modelling of a multi-chambered low-reflective caisson. Applied Ocean Research 2020, 103, 102325 .
AMA StyleB. Tagliafierro, A.J.C. Crespo, J. González-Cao, C. Altomare, J. Sande, E. Peña, M. Gómez-Gesteira. Numerical modelling of a multi-chambered low-reflective caisson. Applied Ocean Research. 2020; 103 ():102325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleB. Tagliafierro; A.J.C. Crespo; J. González-Cao; C. Altomare; J. Sande; E. Peña; M. Gómez-Gesteira. 2020. "Numerical modelling of a multi-chambered low-reflective caisson." Applied Ocean Research 103, no. : 102325.
Physical model experiments were conducted in a wave tank at Flanders Hydraulics Research, Antwerp, Belgium, to characterize the wave overtopping and impact force on vertical quay walls and sloping sea dike (1:2.5) under very oblique wave attack (angle between 45° and 80°). This study was triggered by the scarce scientific literature on the overtopping and force reduction due to very oblique waves since large reduction is expected for both when compared with the perpendicular wave attack. The study aimed to compare the results from the experimental tests with formulas derived from previous experiments and applicable to a Belgian harbor generic case. The influence of storm return walls and crest berm width on top of the dikes has been analyzed in combination with the wave obliqueness. The results indicate significant reduction of the overtopping due to very oblique waves and new reduction coefficients were proposed. When compared with formulas from previous studies the proposed coefficients indicate the best fit for the overtopping reduction. Position of the storm return wall respect to the quay edge rather than its height was found to be more important for preventing wave induced overtopping. The force reduction is up to approximately 50% for the oblique waves with respect to the perpendicular wave impact and reduction coefficients were proposed for two different configurations a sea dike and vertical quay wall, respectively.
Sebastian Dan; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Tim Spiesschaert; Toon Verwaest. Reduction of Wave Overtopping and Force Impact at Harbor Quays Due to Very Oblique Waves. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 598 .
AMA StyleSebastian Dan, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Tim Spiesschaert, Toon Verwaest. Reduction of Wave Overtopping and Force Impact at Harbor Quays Due to Very Oblique Waves. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (8):598.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSebastian Dan; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Tim Spiesschaert; Toon Verwaest. 2020. "Reduction of Wave Overtopping and Force Impact at Harbor Quays Due to Very Oblique Waves." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8: 598.
The present work employs the so-called Evolutionary Polynomial Regression (EPR) algorithm to build up a formula for the assessment of mean wave overtopping discharge for smooth sea dikes and vertical walls. EPR is a data-mining tool that combines and integrates numerical regression and genetic programming. This technique is here employed to dig into the relationship between the mean discharge and main hydraulic and structural parameters that characterize the problem under study. The parameters are chosen based on the existing and most used semi-empirical formulas for wave overtopping assessment. Besides the structural freeboard or local wave height, the unified models highlight the importance of local water depth and wave period in combination with foreshore slope and dike slope on the overtopping phenomena, which are combined in a unique parameter that is defined either as equivalent or imaginary slope. The obtained models aim to represent a trade-off between accuracy and parsimony. The final formula is simple but can be employed for a preliminary assessment of overtopping rates, covering the full range of dike slopes, from mild to vertical walls, and of water depths from the shoreline to deep water, including structures with emergent toes.
Corrado Altomare; Daniele B. Laucelli; Hajime Mase; Xavi Gironella. Determination of Semi-Empirical Models for Mean Wave Overtopping Using an Evolutionary Polynomial Paradigm. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 570 .
AMA StyleCorrado Altomare, Daniele B. Laucelli, Hajime Mase, Xavi Gironella. Determination of Semi-Empirical Models for Mean Wave Overtopping Using an Evolutionary Polynomial Paradigm. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (8):570.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrado Altomare; Daniele B. Laucelli; Hajime Mase; Xavi Gironella. 2020. "Determination of Semi-Empirical Models for Mean Wave Overtopping Using an Evolutionary Polynomial Paradigm." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8: 570.
Design criteria for coastal defenses exposed to wave overtopping are usually assessed by mean overtopping discharges and maximum individual overtopping volumes. However, it is often difficult to give clear and precise limits of tolerable overtopping for all kinds of layouts. A few studies analyzed the relationship between wave overtopping flows and hazard levels for people on sea dikes, confirming that one single value of admissible mean discharge or individual overtopping volume is not a sufficient indicator of the hazard, but detailed characterization of flow velocities and depths is required. This work presents the results of an experimental campaign aiming at analyzing the validity of the safety limits and design criteria for overtopping discharge applied to an urbanized stretch of the Catalan coast, exposed to significant overtopping events every stormy season. The work compares different safety criteria for pedestrians. The results prove that the safety of pedestrians on a sea dike can be still guaranteed, even for overtopping volumes larger than 1,000 L/m. Sea storms characterized by deep-water wave height between 3.6 and 4.5 m lead to overtopping flow depth values larger than 1 m and flow velocities up to 20 m/s. However, pedestrian hazard is proved to be linked to the combination of overtopping flow velocity and flow depth rather than to single maximum values of one of these parameters. The use of stability curves to assess people’s stability under overtopping waves is therefore advised.
Corrado Altomare; Xavi Gironella; Tomohiro Suzuki; Giacomo Viccione; Alessandra Saponieri. Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 556 .
AMA StyleCorrado Altomare, Xavi Gironella, Tomohiro Suzuki, Giacomo Viccione, Alessandra Saponieri. Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (8):556.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrado Altomare; Xavi Gironella; Tomohiro Suzuki; Giacomo Viccione; Alessandra Saponieri. 2020. "Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8: 556.
Design criteria for coastal defenses exposed to wave overtopping are usually assessed by mean overtopping discharges and maximum individual overtopping volumes. However, it is often difficult to give clear and precise limits of tolerable overtopping for all kind of layouts. A few studies analyzed the relationship between wave overtopping flows and hazard levels for people on sea dikes, confirming that one single value of admissible mean discharge or individual overtopping volume is not a sufficient indicator of the hazard, but detailed characterization of flow velocities and depths is required. This work presents the results of an experimental campaign aiming at characterizing the flow characteristics associated to maximum individual overtopping volumes for an urbanized stretch of a town along the Catalan coast, where a walking and bike path and a railway run along the coastline are exposed to significant overtopping events every stormy season. The work compares different safety criteria for pedestrian. Results prove that safety of pedestrian on a sea dike can be still guaranteed even for overtopping volumes larger than 1000 l/m. Pedestrian hazard is rather proved to be linked to the combination of overtopping flow velocity and flow depth.
Corrado Altomare; Xavi Gironella; Tomohiro Suzuki; Giacomo Viccione; Alessandra Saponieri. Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleCorrado Altomare, Xavi Gironella, Tomohiro Suzuki, Giacomo Viccione, Alessandra Saponieri. Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrado Altomare; Xavi Gironella; Tomohiro Suzuki; Giacomo Viccione; Alessandra Saponieri. 2020. "Overtopping Metrics and Coastal Safety: A Case of Study from the Catalan Coast." , no. : 1.
Practitioners often employ diverse, though not always thoroughly validated, numerical models to directly or indirectly estimate wave overtopping (q) at sloping structures. These models, broadly classified as either phase-resolving or phase-averaged, each have strengths and limitations owing to the physical schematization of processes within them. Models which resolve the vertical flow structure or the full wave spectrum (i.e. sea-swell (SS) and infragravity (IG) waves) are considered more accurate, but more computationally demanding than those with approximations. Here, we assess the speed-accuracy trade-off of six well-known models for estimating q, under shallow foreshore conditions. The results demonstrate that: i) q is underestimated by an order of magnitude when IG waves are neglected; ii) using more computationally-demanding models does not guarantee improved accuracy; and iii) with empirical corrections to incorporate IG waves, phase-averaged models like SWAN can perform on par, if not better than, phase-resolving models but with far less computational effort.
Christopher H. Lashley; Barbara Zanuttigh; Jeremy D. Bricker; Jentsje van der Meer; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Volker Roeber; Patrick Oosterlo. Benchmarking of numerical models for wave overtopping at dikes with shallow mildly sloping foreshores: Accuracy versus speed. Environmental Modelling & Software 2020, 130, 104740 .
AMA StyleChristopher H. Lashley, Barbara Zanuttigh, Jeremy D. Bricker, Jentsje van der Meer, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Volker Roeber, Patrick Oosterlo. Benchmarking of numerical models for wave overtopping at dikes with shallow mildly sloping foreshores: Accuracy versus speed. Environmental Modelling & Software. 2020; 130 ():104740.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristopher H. Lashley; Barbara Zanuttigh; Jeremy D. Bricker; Jentsje van der Meer; Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Volker Roeber; Patrick Oosterlo. 2020. "Benchmarking of numerical models for wave overtopping at dikes with shallow mildly sloping foreshores: Accuracy versus speed." Environmental Modelling & Software 130, no. : 104740.
Corrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Toon Verwaest. Influence of directional spreading on wave overtopping of sea dikes with gentle and shallow foreshores. Coastal Engineering 2020, 157, 1 .
AMA StyleCorrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Toon Verwaest. Influence of directional spreading on wave overtopping of sea dikes with gentle and shallow foreshores. Coastal Engineering. 2020; 157 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrado Altomare; Tomohiro Suzuki; Toon Verwaest. 2020. "Influence of directional spreading on wave overtopping of sea dikes with gentle and shallow foreshores." Coastal Engineering 157, no. : 1.
Floating oscillating water column (OWC) type wave energy converters (WECs), compared to fixed OWC WECs that are installed near the coastline, can be more effective as they are subject to offshore waves before the occurrence of wave dissipation at a nearshore location. The performance of floating OWC WECs has been widely studied using both numerical and experimental methods. However, due to the complexity of fluid–structure interaction of floating OWC WECs, most of the available studies focus on 2D problems with WEC models of limited degrees-of-freedom (DOF) of motion, while 3D mooring effects and multiple-DOF OWC WECs have not been extensively investigated yet under 2D and 3D wave conditions. Therefore, in order to gain a deeper insight into these problems, the present study focuses on wave flume experiments to investigate the motion and mooring performance of a scaled floating OWC WEC model under 2D wave conditions. As a preparatory phase for the present MaRINET2 EsflOWC (efficiency and survivability of floating OWC) project completed at the end of 2017, experiments were also carried out in advance in the large wave flume of Ghent University. The following data were obtained during these experimental campaigns: multiple-DOF OWC WEC motions, mooring line tensions, free surface elevations throughout the wave flume, close to and inside the OWC WEC, change in the air pressure inside the OWC WEC chamber and velocity of the airflow through the vent on top of the model. The tested wave conditions mostly include nonlinear intermediate regular waves. The data obtained at the wave flume of Ghent University, together with the data from the EsflOWC tests at the wave flume of LABIMA, University of Florence, provide a database for numerical validation of research on floating OWC WECs and floating OWC WEC farms or arrays used by researchers worldwide.
Dogan Kisacik; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Minghao Wu; Lorenzo Cappietti; Irene Simonetti; Peter Troch; Alejandro Crespo; Corrado Altomare; José Domínguez; Matthew Hall; Moncho Gómez-Gesteira; Ricardo Birjukovs Canelas; Peter Stansby. Efficiency and Survivability of a Floating Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter Moored to the Seabed: An Overview of the EsflOWC MaRINET2 Database. Water 2020, 12, 992 .
AMA StyleDogan Kisacik, Vasiliki Stratigaki, Minghao Wu, Lorenzo Cappietti, Irene Simonetti, Peter Troch, Alejandro Crespo, Corrado Altomare, José Domínguez, Matthew Hall, Moncho Gómez-Gesteira, Ricardo Birjukovs Canelas, Peter Stansby. Efficiency and Survivability of a Floating Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter Moored to the Seabed: An Overview of the EsflOWC MaRINET2 Database. Water. 2020; 12 (4):992.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDogan Kisacik; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Minghao Wu; Lorenzo Cappietti; Irene Simonetti; Peter Troch; Alejandro Crespo; Corrado Altomare; José Domínguez; Matthew Hall; Moncho Gómez-Gesteira; Ricardo Birjukovs Canelas; Peter Stansby. 2020. "Efficiency and Survivability of a Floating Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter Moored to the Seabed: An Overview of the EsflOWC MaRINET2 Database." Water 12, no. 4: 992.
The open-source code DualSPHysics is applied to simulate the interaction of sea waves with floating offshore structures, which are typically moored to the seabed, such as vessels, boats, floating breakwaters and wave energy converters (WECs). The goal is to develop a numerical tool that allows the study of the survivability of floating moored devices under highly energetic sea states, obtaining the optimum mooring layout to increase lifetime. The moorings are modelled by coupling DualSPHysics with MoorDyn, a lumped-mass mooring dynamics model. MoorDyn represents mooring line behaviour subject to axial elasticity, hydrodynamic forces in quiescent water, and vertical contact forces with the seabed. Calculated mooring tensions at the fairlead are added as external forces in order to compute the resulting response and motions of the floating structures in DualSPHysics. The coupled model has been validated against data from scale model tests generated during the experimental campaigns for the European MaRINET2 EsflOWC project. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the coupling implementation with the lumped-mass mooring model, free-surface elevation, motions of the floater and mooring tensions are numerically computed and compared to experimental data. Overall, the results demonstrate the accuracy of the coupling between DualSPHysics and MoorDyn to simulate the motion of a moored floating structure under the action of regular waves. Going forward, this modelling approach can be employed to simulate more complex floating structures such as floating wind turbines, buoys, WECs, offshore platforms, etc.
José M. Domínguez; Alejandro J.C. Crespo; Matthew Hall; Corrado Altomare; Minghao Wu; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Peter Troch; Lorenzo Cappietti; Moncho Gómez-Gesteira. SPH simulation of floating structures with moorings. Coastal Engineering 2019, 153, 103560 .
AMA StyleJosé M. Domínguez, Alejandro J.C. Crespo, Matthew Hall, Corrado Altomare, Minghao Wu, Vasiliki Stratigaki, Peter Troch, Lorenzo Cappietti, Moncho Gómez-Gesteira. SPH simulation of floating structures with moorings. Coastal Engineering. 2019; 153 ():103560.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé M. Domínguez; Alejandro J.C. Crespo; Matthew Hall; Corrado Altomare; Minghao Wu; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Peter Troch; Lorenzo Cappietti; Moncho Gómez-Gesteira. 2019. "SPH simulation of floating structures with moorings." Coastal Engineering 153, no. : 103560.
Due to climatic change and the increased usage of coastal areas, there is an increasing risk of dike failures along the coasts worldwide. Wave run-up plays a key role in the planning and design of a coastal structure. Coastal engineers use empirical equations for the determination of wave run-up. These formulae generally include the influence of various hydraulic, geometrical and structural parameters, but neglect the effect of the curvature of coastal dikes on wave run-up and overtopping. The scope of this research is to find the effects of the dike curvature on wave run-up for regular wave attack by employing numerical model studies for various dike-opening angles and comparing it with physical model test results. A numerical simulation is carried out using DualSPHysics, a mesh-less model and OpenFOAM, a mesh-based model. A new influence factor is introduced to determine the influence of curvature along a dike line. For convexly curved dikes (αd = 210° to 270°) under perpendicular wave attack, a higher wave run-up was observed for larger opening angles at the center of curvature whereas for concavely curved dikes (αd = 90° to 150°) under perpendicular wave attack, wave run-up increases at the center of curvature as the opening angle decreases. This research aims to contribute a more precise analysis and understanding the influence of the curvature in a dike line and thus ensuring a higher level of protection in the future development of coastal structures.
Suba Periyal Subramaniam; Babette Scheres; Malte Schilling; Sven Liebisch; Nils B. Kerpen; Torsten Schlurmann; Corrado Altomare; Holger Schüttrumpf. Influence of Convex and Concave Curvatures in a Coastal Dike Line on Wave Run-up. Water 2019, 11, 1333 .
AMA StyleSuba Periyal Subramaniam, Babette Scheres, Malte Schilling, Sven Liebisch, Nils B. Kerpen, Torsten Schlurmann, Corrado Altomare, Holger Schüttrumpf. Influence of Convex and Concave Curvatures in a Coastal Dike Line on Wave Run-up. Water. 2019; 11 (7):1333.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuba Periyal Subramaniam; Babette Scheres; Malte Schilling; Sven Liebisch; Nils B. Kerpen; Torsten Schlurmann; Corrado Altomare; Holger Schüttrumpf. 2019. "Influence of Convex and Concave Curvatures in a Coastal Dike Line on Wave Run-up." Water 11, no. 7: 1333.
This paper describes experimental research on a floating moored Oscillating Water Column (OWC)-type Wave-Energy Converter (WEC) carried out in the wave flume of the Coastal Engineering Research Group of Ghent University. This research has been introduced to cover the existing data scarcity and knowledge gaps regarding response of moored floating OWC WECs. The obtained data will be available in the future for the validation of nonlinear numerical models. The experiment focuses on the assessment of the nonlinear motion and mooring-line response of a 1:25 floating moored OWC WEC model to regular waves. The OWC WEC model motion has 6 degrees of freedom and is limited by a symmetrical 4-point mooring system. The model is composed of a chamber with an orifice on top of it to simulate the power-take-off (PTO) system and the associated damping of the motion of the OWC WEC model. In the first place, the motion response in waves of the moored floating OWC WEC model is investigated and the water surface elevation in the OWC WEC chamber is measured. Secondly, two different mooring-line materials (iron chains and nylon ropes) are tested and the corresponding OWC WEC model motions and mooring-line tensions are measured. The performance of these two materials is similar in small-amplitude waves but different in large wave-amplitude conditions. Thirdly, the influence of different PTO conditions is investigated by varying the diameter of the top orifice of the OWC WEC model. The results show that the PTO damping does not affect the OWC WEC motion but has an impact on the water surface elevation inside the OWC chamber. In addition, an unbalanced mooring configuration is discussed. Finally, the obtained data for a moored cubic model in waves are presented, which is a benchmarking case for future validation purposes.
Minghao Wu; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Peter Troch; Corrado Altomare; Tim Verbrugghe; Alejandro Crespo; Lorenzo Cappietti; Matthew Hall; Moncho Gómez-Gesteira. Experimental Study of a Moored Floating Oscillating Water Column Wave-Energy Converter and of a Moored Cubic Box. Energies 2019, 12, 1834 .
AMA StyleMinghao Wu, Vasiliki Stratigaki, Peter Troch, Corrado Altomare, Tim Verbrugghe, Alejandro Crespo, Lorenzo Cappietti, Matthew Hall, Moncho Gómez-Gesteira. Experimental Study of a Moored Floating Oscillating Water Column Wave-Energy Converter and of a Moored Cubic Box. Energies. 2019; 12 (10):1834.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinghao Wu; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Peter Troch; Corrado Altomare; Tim Verbrugghe; Alejandro Crespo; Lorenzo Cappietti; Matthew Hall; Moncho Gómez-Gesteira. 2019. "Experimental Study of a Moored Floating Oscillating Water Column Wave-Energy Converter and of a Moored Cubic Box." Energies 12, no. 10: 1834.
A two-way coupling between the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) solver DualSPHysics and the Fully Nonlinear Potential Flow solver OceanWave3D is presented. At the coupling interfaces within the SPH numerical domain, an open boundary formulation is applied. An inlet and outlet zone are filled with buffer particles. At the inlet, horizontal orbital velocities and surface elevations calculated using OceanWave3D are imposed on the buffer particles. At the outlet, horizontal orbital velocities are imposed, but the surface elevation is extrapolated from the fluid domain. Velocity corrections are applied to avoid unwanted reflections in the SPH fluid domain. The SPH surface elevation is coupled back to OceanWave3D, where the originally calculated free surface is overwritten. The coupling methodology is validated using a 2D test case of a floating box. Additionally, a 3D proof of concept is shown where overtopping waves are acting on a heaving cylinder. The two-way coupled model (exchange of information in two directions between the coupled models) has proven to be capable of simulating wave propagation and wave–structure interaction problems with an acceptable accuracy with error values remaining below the smoothing length h S P H .
Tim Verbrugghe; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Corrado Altomare; J. M. Domínguez; Peter Troch; Andreas Kortenhaus. Implementation of Open Boundaries within a Two-Way Coupled SPH Model to Simulate Nonlinear Wave–Structure Interactions. Energies 2019, 12, 697 .
AMA StyleTim Verbrugghe, Vasiliki Stratigaki, Corrado Altomare, J. M. Domínguez, Peter Troch, Andreas Kortenhaus. Implementation of Open Boundaries within a Two-Way Coupled SPH Model to Simulate Nonlinear Wave–Structure Interactions. Energies. 2019; 12 (4):697.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTim Verbrugghe; Vasiliki Stratigaki; Corrado Altomare; J. M. Domínguez; Peter Troch; Andreas Kortenhaus. 2019. "Implementation of Open Boundaries within a Two-Way Coupled SPH Model to Simulate Nonlinear Wave–Structure Interactions." Energies 12, no. 4: 697.
The present work introduces the implementation of wave generation and wave absorption of non-linear, long-crested regular and irregular waves in the WCSPH-based (Weakly Compressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) DualSPHysics solver. Open boundaries are applied here for both wave generation and absorption. These boundaries consist of buffer zones, on which physical quantities are imposed, or extrapolated from the fluid domain using ghost nodes. Several layers of buffer particles are used to create an inlet and an outlet, where the horizontal component of the orbital velocities, surface elevation and pressure can be imposed from any external source or extrapolated from the fluid domain. This allows the creation of a numerical wave flume with a length of one wavelength. Reflections within the fluid domain are successfully mitigated using a velocity correction term at both inlet and outlet. The implementation is validated with theoretical solutions, in terms of water surface elevation, wave orbital velocities, and dynamic pressure. The model proves to be capable of propagating waves with less than 5% reflection, and RMSE errors on physical quantities lower than 4.3%. The application of open boundaries proves to be an accurate method to generate and absorb non-linear waves within a restricted domain.
Tim Verbrugghe; José M. Domínguez; Corrado Altomare; Angelantonio Tafuni; Renato Vacondio; Peter Troch; Andreas Kortenhaus. Non-linear wave generation and absorption using open boundaries within DualSPHysics. Computer Physics Communications 2019, 240, 46 -59.
AMA StyleTim Verbrugghe, José M. Domínguez, Corrado Altomare, Angelantonio Tafuni, Renato Vacondio, Peter Troch, Andreas Kortenhaus. Non-linear wave generation and absorption using open boundaries within DualSPHysics. Computer Physics Communications. 2019; 240 ():46-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTim Verbrugghe; José M. Domínguez; Corrado Altomare; Angelantonio Tafuni; Renato Vacondio; Peter Troch; Andreas Kortenhaus. 2019. "Non-linear wave generation and absorption using open boundaries within DualSPHysics." Computer Physics Communications 240, no. : 46-59.
The present work describes the implementation of an advanced solitary wave generation system in the mesh-less SPH-based DualSPHysics model to simulate tsunami-like solitary waves. Three different generation theories have been implemented and are extended to generate multiple solitary waves. The numerical model is validated against theoretical solutions and physical model results from three different experimental campaigns, which investigated respectively: i) the forces exerted on harbour protections; ii) the run-up of solitary waves on a gentle beach; and iii) the impact of double solitary waves on two cylindrical reservoirs. The differences of modelling breaking and non-breaking wave conditions are highlighted. The results demonstrate the capability of DualSPHysics to represents the main hydrodynamic properties of solitary waves when interacting with the shoreline or with coastal structures. The applicability of DualSPHysics to coastal engineering problems is enhanced, being the model already capable of generating monochromatic waves and random sea states.
J. M. Domínguez; C. Altomare; J. Gonzalez-Cao; P. Lomonaco. Towards a more complete tool for coastal engineering: solitary wave generation, propagation and breaking in an SPH-based model. Coastal Engineering Journal 2019, 61, 15 -40.
AMA StyleJ. M. Domínguez, C. Altomare, J. Gonzalez-Cao, P. Lomonaco. Towards a more complete tool for coastal engineering: solitary wave generation, propagation and breaking in an SPH-based model. Coastal Engineering Journal. 2019; 61 (1):15-40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. M. Domínguez; C. Altomare; J. Gonzalez-Cao; P. Lomonaco. 2019. "Towards a more complete tool for coastal engineering: solitary wave generation, propagation and breaking in an SPH-based model." Coastal Engineering Journal 61, no. 1: 15-40.