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Mary J. Thornbush
School of Geography; Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham West Midlands B15 2TT

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Journal article
Published: 03 December 2014 in Area
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ACS Style

Mary J Thornbush. Building health assessed through environmental parameters after the OTS in the city centre of Oxford, UK. Area 2014, 47, 354 -359.

AMA Style

Mary J Thornbush. Building health assessed through environmental parameters after the OTS in the city centre of Oxford, UK. Area. 2014; 47 (4):354-359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J Thornbush. 2014. "Building health assessed through environmental parameters after the OTS in the city centre of Oxford, UK." Area 47, no. 4: 354-359.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in International Journal of Geosciences
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This paper aims to provide a quantitative method that employs image processing in the assessment of surface roughness based on digital photograph field surveys, as in previous studies employing the outdoor integrated digital photography and image processing (O-IDIP) method. Digital photographs were taken on two different days under contrasting outdoor lighting conditions (overcast versus clear sky). Images were captured mounted on a tripod close up to the surface of a 380-year-old wall located at the University of Oxford Botanic Garden in the City of Oxford, UK. Sampling points were established at regular intervals along the border wall and encompassed sections facing west, north, and east, respectively along the survey. Two photographs were taken with a digital camera at each sampling point, one containing a color chart used to calibrate outdoor lighting conditions across images, which was excluded from the other photographic pair. Histogram-based quantification was performed based on images converted to Lab Color mode. The 10-step calibration procedure presented in this paper required more adjustments of contrast. However, more adjustments were not required under a clear sky. Std Dev L measurements were used to establish categories in a simple 3-point roughness index, namely the surface roughness index (SRI). The results denote that pitting did not affect surface roughness measurements. The study shows that it is possible to use Std Dev L measurements to quantify surface roughness on a comparative basis.

ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Measuring Surface Roughness through the Use of Digital Photography and Image Processing. International Journal of Geosciences 2014, 05, 540 -554.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Measuring Surface Roughness through the Use of Digital Photography and Image Processing. International Journal of Geosciences. 2014; 05 (05):540-554.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2014. "Measuring Surface Roughness through the Use of Digital Photography and Image Processing." International Journal of Geosciences 05, no. 05: 540-554.

Review article
Published: 31 December 2013 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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This paper examines recent literature on achieving sustainable cities that incorporate a combined mitigation–adaptation approach towards improved urban resilience as a way of future-proofing. A multidisciplinary approach, which integrates scientific as well as ecopolitical frameworks, is found to benefit this sustainability discourse.

ACS Style

Mary Thornbush; Oleg Golubchikov; Stefan Bouzarovski. Sustainable cities targeted by combined mitigation–adaptation efforts for future-proofing. Sustainable Cities and Society 2013, 9, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Mary Thornbush, Oleg Golubchikov, Stefan Bouzarovski. Sustainable cities targeted by combined mitigation–adaptation efforts for future-proofing. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2013; 9 ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary Thornbush; Oleg Golubchikov; Stefan Bouzarovski. 2013. "Sustainable cities targeted by combined mitigation–adaptation efforts for future-proofing." Sustainable Cities and Society 9, no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2013 in Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement
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Résumés English Français The outdoor integrated digital photography and image processing (O-IDIP) method was used in this study to quantify the appearance of greening due to algal cover and moss build-up on historical buildings situated in central Oxford, UK. A photographic survey was taken along north-facing building façades on Broad Street in the winter of 2010. The main objective of this study employing digital photography was to quantify surface greening of historical buildings using O-IDIP. Images were taken with a high-resolution digital camera (Nikon Coolpix S4) close-up ca. 1 m from building façades at various locations along this street. Calibration was based on an X-Rite ColorChecker included in photographs. Images were processed in Adobe Photoshop in order to acquire quantitative information about the spectral colouration of each photograph. Lab Color provided mean (as well as median) and standard deviation values, including the green-red (a) channel of chromatic colour, and numbers were employed to quantitatively assess the greening of walls. The O-IDIP method was able to numerically capture changes in wall colouration predominantly due to the accumulation of algae and mosses. La photographie numérique et le traitement d'images (O-IDIP) ont été utilisés pour quantifier le phénomène de verdissement des murs dû à la couverture d'algues et de mousses sur les pierres de construction des bâtiments historiques situés dans le centre d'Oxford, Royaume-Uni. Une campagne photographique a été effectuée le long de la façade Nord de Broad Street durant l’hiver 2010. L'objectif principal de cette analyse par photographie numérique était de quantifier l’étendue surfacique du verdissement de la façade des bâtiments historiques à l'aide de l’O-IDIP. Les images ont été prises avec un appareil photo numérique haute résolution (Nikon Coolpix S4) à environ 1 m de distance en plusieurs points de la façade des bâtiments historiques. L'étalonnage s’est basée sur la procédure dite X-Rite ColorChecker, incluse dans les photographies. Les images ont été traitées avec Adobe Photoshop afin de quantifier la coloration spectrale de chaque photographie. Lab Color a fourni des valeurs moyennes (et médianes) et de déviation standard, y compris dans le canal vert-rouge (a) afin d’évaluer quantitativement le verdissement des murs. La méthode O-IDIP a permis de définir numériquement les changements de coloration des murs, dus à l'accumulation d'algues et de mousses. Haut de page

ACS Style

Mary Thornbush. Digital photography used to quantify the greening of north-facing walls along Broad Street in central Oxford, UK L’utilisation de la photographie numérique pour quantifier le verdissement de la façade septentrionale longeant Broad Street dans le centre d’Oxford, Royaume-Uni. Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 2013, 19, 111 -118.

AMA Style

Mary Thornbush. Digital photography used to quantify the greening of north-facing walls along Broad Street in central Oxford, UK L’utilisation de la photographie numérique pour quantifier le verdissement de la façade septentrionale longeant Broad Street dans le centre d’Oxford, Royaume-Uni. Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement. 2013; 19 (2):111-118.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary Thornbush. 2013. "Digital photography used to quantify the greening of north-facing walls along Broad Street in central Oxford, UK L’utilisation de la photographie numérique pour quantifier le verdissement de la façade septentrionale longeant Broad Street dans le centre d’Oxford, Royaume-Uni." Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 19, no. 2: 111-118.

Articles
Published: 01 June 2013 in Landscape Research
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This paper explores the historical appearance and use of climbing plants (ivy and creeper) at Trinity and Pembroke Colleges, University of Oxford, UK. Archival materials are used to present the evidence and establish an historical record of landscape change in the use of ivy and creeper in the built environment. The record from the Trinity College archive captures ivy or creeper between 1861 and 1964. Temporal trends convey increasing growth on some buildings, such as the Chapel. Four photographic albums were identified at Pembroke College that contain photographs dating between 1889 and 1964. Whereas climbing plants appear in photographs from the nineteenth century, around 1953 they were cleared from walls that served as backdrops for group photographs. There is, however, some indication that ivy- or creeper-clad building backdrops were favoured, perhaps suggesting a continued social preference for this visual aesthetic.

ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Tracking the Use of Climbing Plants in the Urban Landscape through the Photoarchives of Two Oxford Colleges, 1861–1964. Landscape Research 2013, 38, 312 -328.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Tracking the Use of Climbing Plants in the Urban Landscape through the Photoarchives of Two Oxford Colleges, 1861–1964. Landscape Research. 2013; 38 (3):312-328.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2013. "Tracking the Use of Climbing Plants in the Urban Landscape through the Photoarchives of Two Oxford Colleges, 1861–1964." Landscape Research 38, no. 3: 312-328.

Editorial
Published: 23 May 2013 in Applied Geography
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ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Introduction: Archaeogeomorphology (Geomorphology, Culture, and Place). Applied Geography 2013, 42, 155 -156.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Introduction: Archaeogeomorphology (Geomorphology, Culture, and Place). Applied Geography. 2013; 42 ():155-156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2013. "Introduction: Archaeogeomorphology (Geomorphology, Culture, and Place)." Applied Geography 42, no. : 155-156.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2013 in Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics
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(Stratospheric) Ozone depletion; (Stratospheric) Ozone hole

ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Ozone Loss. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics 2013, 743 -745.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Ozone Loss. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics. 2013; ():743-745.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2013. "Ozone Loss." Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics , no. : 743-745.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2013 in Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics
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Acid deposition; Acid precipitation

ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Acid Rain. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics 2013, 2 -3.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. Acid Rain. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics. 2013; ():2-3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2013. "Acid Rain." Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics , no. : 2-3.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in International Journal of Geosciences
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This paper examines environmental change associated with climbing plants (ivy/creeper) on several historical buildings in central Oxford using archival photographs. ViewFinder from English Heritage was used to access the photo archives in an advanced search of the area of “Oxford” and in the county of “Oxfordshire”. The study includes a variety of buildings, including colleges, churches, chapels, asylums, inns/hotels, factories, a brewery, pubs, a castle as well as architectural elements, such as doorways, cloisters, gates, and walls. The findings reveal that a majority of photographs denoted ivy-/creeper-clad buildings (in nearly 53% of photographs found mostly in the Taunt collection). The greatest abundance of climbing plants was found in the 1880s followed by the 1900s. A further examination of University colleges is warranted due to the earlier and more frequent appearance of ivy/creeper on these buildings.

ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. A Photo-Based Environmental History of the Use of Climbing Plants in Central Oxford, UK. International Journal of Geosciences 2013, 04, 1083 -1094.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. A Photo-Based Environmental History of the Use of Climbing Plants in Central Oxford, UK. International Journal of Geosciences. 2013; 04 (07):1083-1094.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2013. "A Photo-Based Environmental History of the Use of Climbing Plants in Central Oxford, UK." International Journal of Geosciences 04, no. 07: 1083-1094.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2012 in Geosciences
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The authenticity of much of the stone-work along Queen’s Lane in central Oxford, UK presented an opportunity to produce a photographic survey from which a weathering index could be established. This represents a site-specific approach to devising a weathering form. Because it is photo-based, weathering forms are visible for comparison and classification purposes across disciplines. Limestone pertaining to building ashlar and plinths along this roadway, which mainly belong to Queen’s College, St Edmund Hall, New College, and Hertford College, was classified according to this newly introduced weathering index, the size-extent (S-E) index, through consideration of type, size, extent, impact, and trigger. This size- (range) and extent-based classification system enables for the assessment of weathering forms of various types, including soiling and decay features as well as those potentially expected in the presence of vegetation and animals. Weathering forms of a range of sizes were present, with a slightly greater abundance of small types (mm-cm in the micro- to mesoscale) and more discrete types with a low extent. For this location in central Oxford, chemical weathering was found to be the predominant type of soiling and decay.

ACS Style

Mary J. Thornbush. A Site-Specific Index Based on Weathering Forms Visible in Central Oxford, UK. Geosciences 2012, 2, 277 -297.

AMA Style

Mary J. Thornbush. A Site-Specific Index Based on Weathering Forms Visible in Central Oxford, UK. Geosciences. 2012; 2 (4):277-297.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary J. Thornbush. 2012. "A Site-Specific Index Based on Weathering Forms Visible in Central Oxford, UK." Geosciences 2, no. 4: 277-297.