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Allelopathy, Allelochemicals, Sustainable Agriculture, Organic Farming, Weed Control, Bioactive Natural Products from Plants
Plants produce several chemically diverse bioactive substances that may influence the growth and development of other organisms when released into the environment in a phenomenon called allelopathy. Several of these allelopathic species also have reported medicinal properties. In this study, the potential allelopathic effects of more than a hundred medicinal plants from Cambodia were tested using the dish pack method. The dish pack bioassay method specifically targets volatile allelochemicals. Twenty-five species were found to have significant inhibitory effects on lettuce radicle growth. Eleven different plant families, including Iridaceae (2), Apocynaceae (2), Poaceae (2), Sapindaceae, Araceae, Combretaceae, Orchidaceae, Clusiaceae, Zingiberaceae, Rutaceae and Asparagaceae had the plant species with high inhibitory effects. Allophyllus serrulatus had the highest growth inhibitory effect on lettuce radicles more than 60%, followed by Alocasia macrorrhiza, Iris pallida, Terminalia triptera, Wrightia tomentosa, Cymbidium aloifolium, Garcinia villersiana and Kaempferia parviflora. The candidate species were subjected to further studies to identify the volatile allelochemicals in the volatile constituents.
Yourk Sothearith; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Hossein Mardani; Takashi Motobayashi; Suzuki Yoko; Khou Eang Hourt; Akifumi Sugiyama; Yoshiharu Fujii. Determination of the Allelopathic Potential of Cambodia’s Medicinal Plants Using the Dish Pack Method. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9062 .
AMA StyleYourk Sothearith, Kwame Sarpong Appiah, Hossein Mardani, Takashi Motobayashi, Suzuki Yoko, Khou Eang Hourt, Akifumi Sugiyama, Yoshiharu Fujii. Determination of the Allelopathic Potential of Cambodia’s Medicinal Plants Using the Dish Pack Method. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9062.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYourk Sothearith; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Hossein Mardani; Takashi Motobayashi; Suzuki Yoko; Khou Eang Hourt; Akifumi Sugiyama; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2021. "Determination of the Allelopathic Potential of Cambodia’s Medicinal Plants Using the Dish Pack Method." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9062.
The continuous planting of Japanese pear leads to a soil sickness syndrome that eventually affects the growth and yield of the plant. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics of soil sickness syndrome in the Japanese pear and construct countermeasures using the rhizosphere soil assay method that can quantify the risk of soil sickness syndrome by inhibitory chemicals. Water flushing treatment, rainfall treatment, and the incorporation of test soils with different rates of activated carbon were evaluated on the risks of soil sickness. The water flushing treatment under laboratory conditions and exposure of the continuous cropping soil to rainfall in the open field decreased the inhibition rate of the soil. The decrease in soil inhibition rate was presumed to be the result of accumulated growth inhibitory substances in the soil being washed away by water. In addition, activated carbon with the potential to reduce the soil sickness syndrome was selected using the rhizosphere soil assay method. It was clarified that the mixing of the selected activated carbon with the continuous cropping soil reduced the inhibition rate and increased the growth of pear trees increased compared to the untreated soil from the continuous cropping field. The inhibition rate of the soil from the continuous cropping field was reduced to the level of soil with no history of Japanese pear cultivation. In the replanted field, these treatments can promote the growth of trees by reducing the influence of soil sickness syndrome.
Tomoaki Toya; Masayoshi Oshida; Tatsuya Minezaki; Akifumi Sugiyama; Kwame Appiah; Takashi Motobayashi; Yoshiharu Fujii. Elucidation of the Characteristics of Soil Sickness Syndrome in Japanese Pear and Construction of Countermeasures Using the Rhizosphere Soil Assay Method. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1468 .
AMA StyleTomoaki Toya, Masayoshi Oshida, Tatsuya Minezaki, Akifumi Sugiyama, Kwame Appiah, Takashi Motobayashi, Yoshiharu Fujii. Elucidation of the Characteristics of Soil Sickness Syndrome in Japanese Pear and Construction of Countermeasures Using the Rhizosphere Soil Assay Method. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (8):1468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomoaki Toya; Masayoshi Oshida; Tatsuya Minezaki; Akifumi Sugiyama; Kwame Appiah; Takashi Motobayashi; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2021. "Elucidation of the Characteristics of Soil Sickness Syndrome in Japanese Pear and Construction of Countermeasures Using the Rhizosphere Soil Assay Method." Agronomy 11, no. 8: 1468.
Vegetative and reproductive characteristics, fruit yield, and biochemical compounds of six bitter melon cultivars (Iranshahr, Mestisa, No. 486, Local Japanese, Isfahan, and Ilocano) were evaluated under Karaj conditions in Iran. The phytochemical properties of the cultivars were evaluated using both shade-dried and freeze-dried samples at three fruit developmental stages (unripe, semi-ripe, and ripe). There were significant differences in the vegetative and reproductive characteristics among cultivars, where cv. No. 486 was superior to most vegetative attributes. The fruit yield of cultivars varied from 2.98–5.22 kg/plant. The number of days to male and female flower appearance ranged from 19.00–25.33 and from 25–33 days, respectively. The leaf charantin content was in the range of 4.83–11.08 μg/g. Fruit charantin content varied with developmental stage, drying method, and cultivar. The highest charantin content (13.84 ± 3.55 µg/g) was observed at the semi-ripe fruit stage, and it was much higher in the freeze-dried samples than the shade-dried samples. Cultivar No. 486 had the highest (15.43 ± 2.4 µg/g) charantin content, whereas the lowest charantin content (8.51 ± 1.15 µg/g) was recorded in cultivar cv. Local Japanese. The highest total phenol content (25.17 ± 2.27 mg GAE/g) was recorded in freeze-dried samples of ripe fruits of cv. No. 486, whereas the lowest phenol content was detected in the shade-dried samples of semi-ripe fruits of Isfahan. cv. Flavonoid content was higher with the shade-drying method, irrespective of cultivar. In conclusion, considering the fruit yield and active biological compounds in the studied cultivars, cv. No. 486 should be grown commercially because of its higher yield and production of other secondary metabolites.
Akram Valyaie; Majid Azizi; Abdolkarim Kashi; Ramaraj Sathasivam; Sang Park; Akifumi Sugiyama; Takashi Motobayashi; Yoshiharu Fujii. Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Attributes of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Cultivars under Karaj Conditions in Iran. Plants 2021, 10, 1370 .
AMA StyleAkram Valyaie, Majid Azizi, Abdolkarim Kashi, Ramaraj Sathasivam, Sang Park, Akifumi Sugiyama, Takashi Motobayashi, Yoshiharu Fujii. Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Attributes of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Cultivars under Karaj Conditions in Iran. Plants. 2021; 10 (7):1370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkram Valyaie; Majid Azizi; Abdolkarim Kashi; Ramaraj Sathasivam; Sang Park; Akifumi Sugiyama; Takashi Motobayashi; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2021. "Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Attributes of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Cultivars under Karaj Conditions in Iran." Plants 10, no. 7: 1370.
Research on the processing of yam (Dioscorea spp.) into flour is aimed at optimizing techniques to obtain a material with high physicochemical and functional properties. The present study investigates the effect of the processing techniques on the levels of inulin, organic acids, total phenolics (TP), antioxidant capacity, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as on the physicochemical properties of flour derived from two yam species—Dioscorea esculenta and Dioscorea bulbifera. All tubers were peeled and sliced, then subjected to different processing techniques through blanching, soaking, and drying. The results revealed that freeze-drying appears to be the best technique in achieving the highest whiteness index of yam flour. This coincided well with the low phenolics content and POD activity, which suggests a reduced enzymatic browning reaction in the freeze-dried yam flour. On the other hand, chemical analyses showed that D. esculenta and D. bulbifera flours have the highest levels of inulin (23.0 and 27.8 g/100 g DW, respectively) and succinic acid (7.96 and 7.65 g/100 g DW, respectively) in the samples subjected to direct oven-drying. Oven drying without pretreatment neither blanching nor water steeping maintained antioxidant activity in the flour derived from both D. esculenta and D. bulbifera.
Nurdi Setyawan; John Maninang; Sakae Suzuki; Yoshiharu Fujii. Variation in the Physical and Functional Properties of Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Flour Produced by Different Processing Techniques. Foods 2021, 10, 1341 .
AMA StyleNurdi Setyawan, John Maninang, Sakae Suzuki, Yoshiharu Fujii. Variation in the Physical and Functional Properties of Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Flour Produced by Different Processing Techniques. Foods. 2021; 10 (6):1341.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNurdi Setyawan; John Maninang; Sakae Suzuki; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2021. "Variation in the Physical and Functional Properties of Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Flour Produced by Different Processing Techniques." Foods 10, no. 6: 1341.
The main purpose of the two consecutive experimental studies presented here was to compare the effect of salinity on nutrients in leaves of the halophytic plant species Portulaca oleracea L. and in soil. The first experiment was conducted to study the effect of salinity on plant growth, biomass accumulation, yield, root layer development, salt accumulation, and the dynamics of changes in mineral substances in plants and soil. In the second experiment, P. oleracea seeds were sown directly into salinized soil (treated immediately before plant growth) to determine the nutrient levels in leaves and soil. Three salinity treatments (saline water solution with NaCl: T1, 5 dS m−1; T2, 9.8 dS m−1; and T3, 20 dS m−1) and a control treatment (T0, 1 dS m−1) were used in the first experiment. The soil in the second experiment was used in a previous study (performed immediately before P. oleracea growth) (salinized soil: T1, 7.2 dS m−1; T2, 8.8 dS m−1; T3, 15.6 dS m−1; T0, 1.9 dS m−1). The plants were irrigated with tap water at amounts in the range of 0.25–0.50 L/pot. Analysis of the experimental results showed that P. oleracea is resistant to salinity, is able to remove ions (400–500 kg ha−1 NaCl), and can be grown in saline soil. The results indicated that P. oleracea is able to grow in high-salinity soil. This finding was confirmed by the dry matter obtained under high-salinity conditions. Salinity stress affected nutrient uptake in leaves and soil.
Gulom Bekmirzaev; Baghdad Ouddane; Jose Beltrao; Mukhamadkhon Khamidov; Yoshiharu Fujii; Akifumi Sugiyama. Effects of Salinity on the Macro- and Micronutrient Contents of a Halophytic Plant Species (Portulaca oleracea L.). Land 2021, 10, 481 .
AMA StyleGulom Bekmirzaev, Baghdad Ouddane, Jose Beltrao, Mukhamadkhon Khamidov, Yoshiharu Fujii, Akifumi Sugiyama. Effects of Salinity on the Macro- and Micronutrient Contents of a Halophytic Plant Species (Portulaca oleracea L.). Land. 2021; 10 (5):481.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGulom Bekmirzaev; Baghdad Ouddane; Jose Beltrao; Mukhamadkhon Khamidov; Yoshiharu Fujii; Akifumi Sugiyama. 2021. "Effects of Salinity on the Macro- and Micronutrient Contents of a Halophytic Plant Species (Portulaca oleracea L.)." Land 10, no. 5: 481.
Isophorone (3,5,5‐trimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one) is a plant‐derived volatile compound with strong phytotoxic activity. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of isophorone, and to this end, the effects of isophorone on shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, and lipid peroxidation of Lactuca sativa L. and photosynthetic electron transport activity in chloroplast isolated from Spinacia oleracea L. were investigated. Isophorone induced light‐independent decreases in shoot fresh weight and light‐dependent chlorosis. In addition, increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation occurred under light conditions. However, the inhibitory activity on photosynthetic electron transport was unexpectedly low, and electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation were induced even under dark conditions. These results suggest that the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport is not the main mechanism of action of isophorone and that the phytotoxic effects are mainly due to light‐independent oxidative damage and subsequent loss of cell membrane integrity.
Masataka Izumi; Yukari Sunohara; Takuya Yamaguchi; Yoshiharu Fujii; Hiroshi Matsumoto. Isophorone‐induced light‐independent lipid peroxidation and loss of cell membrane integrity. Weed Biology and Management 2021, 21, 11 -18.
AMA StyleMasataka Izumi, Yukari Sunohara, Takuya Yamaguchi, Yoshiharu Fujii, Hiroshi Matsumoto. Isophorone‐induced light‐independent lipid peroxidation and loss of cell membrane integrity. Weed Biology and Management. 2021; 21 (1):11-18.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasataka Izumi; Yukari Sunohara; Takuya Yamaguchi; Yoshiharu Fujii; Hiroshi Matsumoto. 2021. "Isophorone‐induced light‐independent lipid peroxidation and loss of cell membrane integrity." Weed Biology and Management 21, no. 1: 11-18.
Phnom Kulen National Park, in north-western Cambodia, has huge richness in biodiversity and medicinal value. One hundred and ninety-five (195) medicinal plant species were collected from the national park to examine allelopathic potentials by using the sandwich method, a specific bioassay for the evaluation of leachates from plants. The study found 58 out of 195 medicinal plant species showed significant inhibitory effects on lettuce radicle elongation as evaluated by standard deviation variance based on the normal distribution. Three species including Iris pallida (4% of control), Parabarium micranthum (7.5% of control), and Peliosanthes teta (8.2% of control) showed strong inhibition of lettuce radicle elongation less than 10% of the control. The results presented could present as a benchmark for isolation and identification of allelochemicals among medicinal plants used in Cambodia.
Yourk Sothearith; Kwame Appiah; Takashi Motobayashi; Izumi Watanabe; Chan Somaly; Akifumi Sugiyama; Yoshiharu Fujii. Evaluation of Allelopathic Potentials from Medicinal Plant Species in Phnom Kulen National Park, Cambodia by the Sandwich Method. Sustainability 2020, 13, 264 .
AMA StyleYourk Sothearith, Kwame Appiah, Takashi Motobayashi, Izumi Watanabe, Chan Somaly, Akifumi Sugiyama, Yoshiharu Fujii. Evaluation of Allelopathic Potentials from Medicinal Plant Species in Phnom Kulen National Park, Cambodia by the Sandwich Method. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):264.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYourk Sothearith; Kwame Appiah; Takashi Motobayashi; Izumi Watanabe; Chan Somaly; Akifumi Sugiyama; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Evaluation of Allelopathic Potentials from Medicinal Plant Species in Phnom Kulen National Park, Cambodia by the Sandwich Method." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 264.
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a highly valuable plant. Iran provides nearly 90% of the world’s total saffron and is the biggest global producer. The allelopathic effects of saffron corm (SC) and saffron field soil (SFS) have been hypothesized to play an important role in replanting. Recently, adsorbent materials have been used to neutralize the effects of allelochemicals. These materials, including activated carbon and zeolite, have large surface areas, pore volumes, as well as tremendous adsorptive capacity and complex chemical and physical properties. In this study, three independent experiments were conducted. In the first test, the allelopathic effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of SC remnant and 9-year-old SFS as well as filtered aqueous extract of soil were investigated. In the second assay, the effects of SC remnants and SFS with different ages (i.e., 4, 6, and 9 years old) in combination with adsorbents were examined on the germination and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings by the sandwich method. In the third experiment, we examined the effects of SC remnants combined with adsorbents on lettuce growth parameters. Our results showed that the allelopathic effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of SC remnant were significantly superior to those of 9-year-old SFS. The aqueous extract of SC remnant reduced the root length of lettuce by 50%. The use of activated carbon and zeolites significantly decreased the observed allelopathic effect. Moreover, lettuce growth in rhizosphere soil was significantly inhibited by SC remnant and SFS extracts. The allelopathic effects of SC remnants caused a growth imbalance between the shoot and roots. Based on biochemical analyses, using the adsorbents increased the carotenoid content and chlorophyll index of lettuce by 23.33% and 5.25%, respectively. Adsorbents may play a role in treating soils contaminated by allelochemicals.
Mahdieh Kheirabadi; Majid Azizi; Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh; Yoshiharu Fujii. Recent Advances in Saffron Soil Remediation: Activated Carbon and Zeolites Effects on Allelopathic Potential. Plants 2020, 9, 1714 .
AMA StyleMahdieh Kheirabadi, Majid Azizi, Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh, Yoshiharu Fujii. Recent Advances in Saffron Soil Remediation: Activated Carbon and Zeolites Effects on Allelopathic Potential. Plants. 2020; 9 (12):1714.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahdieh Kheirabadi; Majid Azizi; Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Recent Advances in Saffron Soil Remediation: Activated Carbon and Zeolites Effects on Allelopathic Potential." Plants 9, no. 12: 1714.
The antifungal activity of volatile compounds from the fruit, leaf, rhizome and root of 109 plant species was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) race 1—the tomato wilt pathogen—by using the modified dish pack method. Eighty-eight plant samples inhibited mycelial growth, including volatiles from fruits of Heracleum sosnowskyi, which exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, showing 67% inhibition. Two volatile compounds from the fruits of H. sosnowskyi (octanol and octanal) and trans-2-hexenal as a control were tested for their antifungal activities against FOL race 1 and race 2. In terms of half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values, octanol was found to be the most inhibitory compound for both pathogenic races, with the smallest EC50 values of 8.1 and 9.3 ng/mL for race 1 and race 2, respectively. In the biofumigation experiment, the lowest disease severity of tomato plants and smallest conidial population of race 1 and race 2 were found in trans-2-hexenal and octanol treated soil, while octanal had an inhibitory effect only on race 2. Therefore, our study demonstrated the effectiveness of volatile octanol and trans-2-hexenal on the control of the mycelial growth of two races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and may have potential for the future development of novel biofumigants.
May Hpoo; Maryia Mishyna; Valery Prokhorov; Tsutomu Arie; Akihito Takano; Yosei Oikawa; Yoshiharu Fujii. Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9334 .
AMA StyleMay Hpoo, Maryia Mishyna, Valery Prokhorov, Tsutomu Arie, Akihito Takano, Yosei Oikawa, Yoshiharu Fujii. Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9334.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMay Hpoo; Maryia Mishyna; Valery Prokhorov; Tsutomu Arie; Akihito Takano; Yosei Oikawa; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Potential of Octanol and Octanal from Heracleum sosnowskyi Fruits for the Control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9334.
Weed management is an important issue since weeds directly compete with crop plants for space, nutrients; serve as habitat for insect pests and diseases, and can create a significant annual reduction in crop productivity. This study focused on evaluating the contribution of the secondary metabolites of the fruit pulp of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. for its potential growth inhibitory effect. Crude extracts of C. guianensis fruit pulp were collected with different solvents and applied to test plants in petri dishes. The crude extracts of methanol and 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) showed potential growth inhibitions with the 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 223 and 229 µg/mL in the bioassay experiment. In the greenhouse pot experiment, soil incorporated with oven-dried fruit pulp of C. guianensis was evaluated on cultivated plant species including Lactuca sativa L., Trifolium repens L., Medicago sativa L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., and Phleum pratense L. The incorporation of dried fruit pulp of C. guianensis into soil reduced shoot and root lengths and the germination percentage of test plants. It was observed that the monocot plants were more affected than the dicot plants. The fruit pulp of C. guianensis was subjected to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis to identify the active compounds. Indigo, identified as one of the candidate compounds of the C. guianensis, had high specific activity (i.e., strong inhibitory activity) in a phytotoxicity bioassay and could explain through the total activity concept the growth inhibitory effect of the C. guianensis on test plants. The results suggested that indigo has plant growth inhibitory effect, indicating the allelopathic potential of C. guianensis, which could be exploited in sustainable weed management.
Kohinoor Begum; Takashi Motobayashi; Nazmul Hasan; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Mashura Shammi; Yoshiharu Fujii. Indigo as a Plant Growth Inhibitory Chemical from the Fruit Pulp of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1388 .
AMA StyleKohinoor Begum, Takashi Motobayashi, Nazmul Hasan, Kwame Sarpong Appiah, Mashura Shammi, Yoshiharu Fujii. Indigo as a Plant Growth Inhibitory Chemical from the Fruit Pulp of Couroupita guianensis Aubl. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (9):1388.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKohinoor Begum; Takashi Motobayashi; Nazmul Hasan; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Mashura Shammi; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Indigo as a Plant Growth Inhibitory Chemical from the Fruit Pulp of Couroupita guianensis Aubl." Agronomy 10, no. 9: 1388.
Previously, we found (2Z,4E)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid (ku-76) to be a selective inhibitor of root gravitropic bending of lettuce radicles at 5 μM, with no concomitant growth inhibition, and revealed the structure–activity relationship in this inhibitory activity. The conformation of ku-76 is flexible owing to the open-chain structure of pentan-2,4-dienoic acid with freely rotating single bonds, and the (2Z)-alkene moiety may be isomerized by external factors. To develop more potent inhibitors and obtain insight into the target biomolecules, various analogues of ku-76, fixed through conformation and/or configuration, were synthesized and evaluated. Stereochemical fixation was effective in improving the potency of gravitropic bending inhibition. Finally, we found highly potent conformational and/or configurational analogues (ku-257, ku-294 and ku-308), that did not inhibit root growth. The inhibition of root curvature by these analogues was comparable to that of naptalam.
Mitsuru Shindo; Saki Makigawa; Kozue Kodama; Hiromi Sugiyama; Kenji Matsumoto; Takayuki Iwata; Naoya Wasano; Arihiro Kano; Miyo Terao Morita; Yoshiharu Fujii. Design and chemical synthesis of root gravitropism inhibitors: Bridged analogues of ku-76 have more potent activity. Phytochemistry 2020, 179, 112508 .
AMA StyleMitsuru Shindo, Saki Makigawa, Kozue Kodama, Hiromi Sugiyama, Kenji Matsumoto, Takayuki Iwata, Naoya Wasano, Arihiro Kano, Miyo Terao Morita, Yoshiharu Fujii. Design and chemical synthesis of root gravitropism inhibitors: Bridged analogues of ku-76 have more potent activity. Phytochemistry. 2020; 179 ():112508.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMitsuru Shindo; Saki Makigawa; Kozue Kodama; Hiromi Sugiyama; Kenji Matsumoto; Takayuki Iwata; Naoya Wasano; Arihiro Kano; Miyo Terao Morita; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Design and chemical synthesis of root gravitropism inhibitors: Bridged analogues of ku-76 have more potent activity." Phytochemistry 179, no. : 112508.
We investigated the root microbiomes of rice sampled from six major rice-producing regions in Ghana using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput amplicon sequencing analysis. The result showed that both bacterial and fungal community compositions were significantly varied across the regions. Bacterial communities were shaped predominantly by biotic factors, including root fungal diversity and abundance. In contrast, fungal communities were influenced by abiotic factors such as soil nitrate, total carbon and soil pH. A negative correlation between the diversity and abundance of root fungi with soil nitrate (NO3-) level was observed. It suggested that there were direct and indirect effects of NO3- on the root-associated bacterial and fungal community composition. The gradient of soil nitrate from North to South parts of Ghana may influence the composition of rice root microbiome. Bacterial community composition was shaped by fungal diversity and abundance; whereas fungal community composition was shaped by bacterial abundance. It suggested the mutualistic interaction of bacteria and fungi at the community level in the rice root microbiome. Specific bacterial and fungal taxa were detected abundantly in the ‘Northern’ regions of Ghana, which were very low or absent from the samples of other regions. The analysis of indicator species suggested that an ‘ecological specialization’ may have occurred which enabled specific microbial taxa to adapt to the local environment, such as the low-nitrate condition in the Northern regions.
Makoto Kanasugi; Elsie Sarkodee-Addo; Richard Ansong Omari; Khondoker Mohammad Golam Dastogeer; Yoshiharu Fujii; Samuel Oppong Abebrese; Ralph Bam; Stella Asuming-Brempong; Shin Okazaki. Exploring Rice Root Microbiome; The Variation, Specialization and Interaction of Bacteria and Fungi In Six Tropic Savanna Regions in Ghana. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5835 .
AMA StyleMakoto Kanasugi, Elsie Sarkodee-Addo, Richard Ansong Omari, Khondoker Mohammad Golam Dastogeer, Yoshiharu Fujii, Samuel Oppong Abebrese, Ralph Bam, Stella Asuming-Brempong, Shin Okazaki. Exploring Rice Root Microbiome; The Variation, Specialization and Interaction of Bacteria and Fungi In Six Tropic Savanna Regions in Ghana. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5835.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMakoto Kanasugi; Elsie Sarkodee-Addo; Richard Ansong Omari; Khondoker Mohammad Golam Dastogeer; Yoshiharu Fujii; Samuel Oppong Abebrese; Ralph Bam; Stella Asuming-Brempong; Shin Okazaki. 2020. "Exploring Rice Root Microbiome; The Variation, Specialization and Interaction of Bacteria and Fungi In Six Tropic Savanna Regions in Ghana." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5835.
The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of salinity (NaCl) on growth, biomass production (total yield), mineral composition (macro- and micronutrient contents in leaves and the soil in which the plant is grown) of Tetragonia tetragonioides during the vegetation period. The experimental work was conducted in the greenhouse at the University of Lille 1, France, from 2 November 2015 to 25 January 2016. Three salinity treatments (T1 (50 mM NaCl), T2 (100 mM NaCl), T3 (200 mM NaCl)) and a control treatment (T0 (0 mM NaCl)) were applied. Analysis of the results showed that the total yield of the crop had low variation between the salinity treatments and the control treatment. The salt concentrations had an effect on the macro- and micronutrient contents in leaves and soil. In conclusion, T. tetragonioides exhibited good potential for use as a species to remove salt. This is the main important finding of this research.
Gulom Bekmirzaev; Baghdad Ouddane; Jose Beltrao; Yoshiharu Fujii. The Impact of Salt Concentration on the Mineral Nutrition of Tetragonia tetragonioides. Agriculture 2020, 10, 238 .
AMA StyleGulom Bekmirzaev, Baghdad Ouddane, Jose Beltrao, Yoshiharu Fujii. The Impact of Salt Concentration on the Mineral Nutrition of Tetragonia tetragonioides. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (6):238.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGulom Bekmirzaev; Baghdad Ouddane; Jose Beltrao; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "The Impact of Salt Concentration on the Mineral Nutrition of Tetragonia tetragonioides." Agriculture 10, no. 6: 238.
This study focused on the potential allelopathy of 50 species of Chinese medicinal plants, which are mainly distributed in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia, and Yunnan Province. The “sandwich method” was adopted and used for the screening for allelopathic potential among these plant species. Further phytotoxic evaluation of the candidate species was conducted by applying plant extracts to crops and weed species. The results of this study indicated that among the 50 medicinal plant species evaluated, the fruits of Illicium verum Hook. f. (star anise) showed the most significant allelopathic potential through the leaf leachates. Shikimic acid was identified to be the main bioactive compound (about 7% dry weight) in star anise by reversed-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis. The phytotoxic bioassay indicated that both the crude extract of the Chinese star anise and the synthetic shikimic acid showed strong inhibitory activity on the radicle and hypocotyl growth of lettuce. The radicle growth inhibition of lettuce caused by the crude extract of star anise could be explained by the contribution of the biological activity of shikimic acid. In conclusion, shikimic acid could be a putative allelochemical in the fruits of Illicium verum and could be utilized in sustainable weed management.
Aniya; Yoshihiro Nomura; Fuerdeng; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Yoshiharu Fujii. Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity of Chinese Medicinal Plants and Identification of Shikimic Acid as an Allelochemical from Illicium verum Hook. f. Plants 2020, 9, 684 .
AMA StyleAniya, Yoshihiro Nomura, Fuerdeng, Kwame Sarpong Appiah, Yoshiharu Fujii. Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity of Chinese Medicinal Plants and Identification of Shikimic Acid as an Allelochemical from Illicium verum Hook. f. Plants. 2020; 9 (6):684.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAniya; Yoshihiro Nomura; Fuerdeng; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity of Chinese Medicinal Plants and Identification of Shikimic Acid as an Allelochemical from Illicium verum Hook. f." Plants 9, no. 6: 684.
Understanding the community composition and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in an agricultural ecosystem is important for exploiting their potential in sustainable crop production. In this study, we described the genetic diversity and community structure of indigenous AMF in rain-fed rice cultivars across six different regions in Ghana. The morphological and molecular analyses revealed a total of 15 different AMF genera isolated from rice roots. Rhizophagus and Glomus were observed to be predominant in all regions except the Ashanti region, which was dominated by the genera Scutellospora and Acaulospora. A comparison of AMF diversity among the agroecological zones revealed that Guinea Savannah had the highest diversity. Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) analysis indicated that the available phosphorus (AP) in the soil was the principal determining factor for shaping the AMF community structure (p < 0.05). We report, for the first time, AMF diversity and community structure in rice roots and how communities are affected by the chemical properties of soil from different locations in Ghana.
Elsie Sarkodee-Addo; Michiko Yasuda; Chol Gyu Lee; Makoto Kanasugi; Yoshiharu Fujii; Richard Ansong Omari; Samuel Oppong Abebrese; Ralph Bam; Stella Asuming-Brempong; Khondoker Mohammad Golam Dastogeer; Shin Okazaki. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ghana: Effect of Regional Locations and Soil Factors on Diversity and Community Assembly. Agronomy 2020, 10, 559 .
AMA StyleElsie Sarkodee-Addo, Michiko Yasuda, Chol Gyu Lee, Makoto Kanasugi, Yoshiharu Fujii, Richard Ansong Omari, Samuel Oppong Abebrese, Ralph Bam, Stella Asuming-Brempong, Khondoker Mohammad Golam Dastogeer, Shin Okazaki. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ghana: Effect of Regional Locations and Soil Factors on Diversity and Community Assembly. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (4):559.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElsie Sarkodee-Addo; Michiko Yasuda; Chol Gyu Lee; Makoto Kanasugi; Yoshiharu Fujii; Richard Ansong Omari; Samuel Oppong Abebrese; Ralph Bam; Stella Asuming-Brempong; Khondoker Mohammad Golam Dastogeer; Shin Okazaki. 2020. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ghana: Effect of Regional Locations and Soil Factors on Diversity and Community Assembly." Agronomy 10, no. 4: 559.
Inter-organismal communications below ground, such as plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, affect plant growth. Metabolites are shown to play important roles in biological communication, but there still remain a large number of metabolites in soil to be uncovered. Metabolomics, a technique for the comprehensive analysis of metabolites in samples, may uncover the molecules that intermediate these interactions. We conducted a multivariate analysis using liquid chromatography (LC)—mass spectrometry (MS)-based untargeted metabolomics in several soil samples and also targeted metabolome analysis for the identification of the candidate compounds in soil. We identified okaramine A, B, and C in the rhizosphere soil of hairy vetch. Okaramines are indole alkaloids first identified in soybean pulp (okara) inoculated with Penicillium simplicissimum AK-40 and are insecticidal. Okaramine B was detected in the rhizosphere from an open field growing hairy vetch. Okaramine B was also detected in both bulk and rhizosphere soils of soybean grown following hairy vetch, but not detected in soils of soybean without hairy vetch growth. These results suggested that okaramines might be involved in indirect defense of plants against insects. To our knowledge, this is the first report of okaramines in the natural environment. Untargeted and targeted metabolomics would be useful to uncover the chemistry of the rhizosphere.
Nozomu Sakurai; Hossein Mardani-Korrani; Masaru Nakayasu; Kazuhiko Matsuda; Kumiko Ochiai; Masaru Kobayashi; Yusuke Tahara; Takeshi Onodera; Yuichi Aoki; Takashi Motobayashi; Masakazu Komatsuzaki; Makoto Ihara; Daisuke Shibata; Yoshiharu Fujii; Akifumi Sugiyama. Metabolome Analysis Identified Okaramines in the Soybean Rhizosphere as a Legacy of Hairy Vetch. Frontiers in Genetics 2020, 11, 114 .
AMA StyleNozomu Sakurai, Hossein Mardani-Korrani, Masaru Nakayasu, Kazuhiko Matsuda, Kumiko Ochiai, Masaru Kobayashi, Yusuke Tahara, Takeshi Onodera, Yuichi Aoki, Takashi Motobayashi, Masakazu Komatsuzaki, Makoto Ihara, Daisuke Shibata, Yoshiharu Fujii, Akifumi Sugiyama. Metabolome Analysis Identified Okaramines in the Soybean Rhizosphere as a Legacy of Hairy Vetch. Frontiers in Genetics. 2020; 11 ():114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNozomu Sakurai; Hossein Mardani-Korrani; Masaru Nakayasu; Kazuhiko Matsuda; Kumiko Ochiai; Masaru Kobayashi; Yusuke Tahara; Takeshi Onodera; Yuichi Aoki; Takashi Motobayashi; Masakazu Komatsuzaki; Makoto Ihara; Daisuke Shibata; Yoshiharu Fujii; Akifumi Sugiyama. 2020. "Metabolome Analysis Identified Okaramines in the Soybean Rhizosphere as a Legacy of Hairy Vetch." Frontiers in Genetics 11, no. : 114.
The inhibitory activities of the leachates and volatiles from 53 plant species (spices and herbs) were evaluated against lettuce (Lactuca sativa “Great Lakes 366”) seedling growth using the sandwich and dish pack methods, respectively. With the sandwich method, parsley (Petroselinum sativum) showed the strongest inhibitory effect on lettuce radicle growth (77%), followed by tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) (72%). However, caraway (Carum carvi), dill (Anethum graveolens) (seed), laurel (Laurus nobilis), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), and sage (Salvia officinalis) were the most inhibitory species (100% inhibition of lettuce radicle and hypocotyl growth inhibition at all distance wells) in the dish pack method. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) also showed strong inhibitory activity (100% for radicle and hypocotyl growth inhibition at all 41 and 58 mm distance wells). The headspace sampling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified the main inhibitory active compounds as carvone in caraway and dill (seeds), 1,8-cineole in laurel and cardamom, and borneol in thyme. Both camphor and 1,8-cineole were detected in rosemary and sage, and the total activity evaluation showed that camphor was the major inhibitory compound in rosemary, although both compounds played equal roles in sage.
Takayuki Sekine; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Majid Azizi; Yoshiharu Fujii. Plant Growth Inhibitory Activities and Volatile Active Compounds of 53 Spices and Herbs. Plants 2020, 9, 264 .
AMA StyleTakayuki Sekine, Kwame Sarpong Appiah, Majid Azizi, Yoshiharu Fujii. Plant Growth Inhibitory Activities and Volatile Active Compounds of 53 Spices and Herbs. Plants. 2020; 9 (2):264.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTakayuki Sekine; Kwame Sarpong Appiah; Majid Azizi; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Plant Growth Inhibitory Activities and Volatile Active Compounds of 53 Spices and Herbs." Plants 9, no. 2: 264.
Previously, we found (2Z,4E)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid (ku-76) to be a selective inhibitor of root gravitropic bending of lettuce radicles at 5 μM, with no concomitant growth inhibition. Here, we describe a structure-activity relationship study of ku-76 to determine the essential structural features for the inhibitory activity. A series of ku-76 analogues was synthesized and the key features of ku-76 that are necessary for inhibition of lettuce root gravitropic bending were determined. The (2E,4E)-, (2Z,4Z)- (2E,4Z)- analogues were inactive, and 4,5-saturated and 4,5-alkynyl analogues also did not show inhibitory activity, demonstrating the importance of the (2Z,4E) diene unit. The aromatic ring was also crucial and could not be replaced with an alkyl chain. Derivatives in which the carboxylic acid was replaced with amides, alcohols, or esters were much less potent. These results suggest that the (2Z,4E)-diene, the carboxylic acid moiety, and the aromatic ring are essential for potent inhibitory activity against gravitropic bending.
Mitsuru Shindo; Saki Makigawa; Kenji Matsumoto; Takayuki Iwata; Naoya Wasano; Arihiro Kano; Miyo Morita; Yoshiharu Fujii. Essential structural features of (2Z,4E)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid for inhibition of root gravitropism. Phytochemistry 2020, 172, 112287 .
AMA StyleMitsuru Shindo, Saki Makigawa, Kenji Matsumoto, Takayuki Iwata, Naoya Wasano, Arihiro Kano, Miyo Morita, Yoshiharu Fujii. Essential structural features of (2Z,4E)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid for inhibition of root gravitropism. Phytochemistry. 2020; 172 ():112287.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMitsuru Shindo; Saki Makigawa; Kenji Matsumoto; Takayuki Iwata; Naoya Wasano; Arihiro Kano; Miyo Morita; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Essential structural features of (2Z,4E)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid for inhibition of root gravitropism." Phytochemistry 172, no. : 112287.
The effects of two plant volatile compounds (VOCs), safranal and tulipalin A were investigated using the protoplast method with digital image analysis, which was developed to investigate allelopathic activities of plants at the cellular level in a 50 μL liquid medium. Both VOCs showed inhibition on lettuce protoplasts growth at all three stages, i.e., the cell wall formation stage, the cell division stage, and the yellow colour accumulation stage. Among the three stages of protoplast growth, differences of inhibition patterns were observed. Inhibitions at the cell wall formation stage were stronger than those at the latter two stages in both VOCs. Tulipalin A showed higher inhibitory activity (total inhibition at 100 μM) than that of safranal (44% inhibition at 1 mM) at cell division stage. They were also compared with the direct exposure method in an enclosed vial using germinated lettuce seedlings, which was developed to investigate allelopathic activities of VOCs at plant level. Tulipalin A showed less inhibitory activity on radicle growth of lettuce, than that of safranal reported. Inhibition on hypocotyl growth was stronger than that on radicle in both VOCs. The causes of the differences between two VOCs and two bioassay methods, and the application of the protoplast method, were discussed for clarifying the contribution of VOCs as allelochemicals at cellular level.
Hossein Mardani-Korrani; Hamako Sasamoto; Sakae Suzuki; Yutaka Sasamoto; Yoshiharu Fujii. Application of the protoplast co-culture method for evaluation of allelopathic activities of volatile compounds, safranal and tulipalin A. Results in Chemistry 2020, 2, 100030 .
AMA StyleHossein Mardani-Korrani, Hamako Sasamoto, Sakae Suzuki, Yutaka Sasamoto, Yoshiharu Fujii. Application of the protoplast co-culture method for evaluation of allelopathic activities of volatile compounds, safranal and tulipalin A. Results in Chemistry. 2020; 2 ():100030.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHossein Mardani-Korrani; Hamako Sasamoto; Sakae Suzuki; Yutaka Sasamoto; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Application of the protoplast co-culture method for evaluation of allelopathic activities of volatile compounds, safranal and tulipalin A." Results in Chemistry 2, no. : 100030.
Medicinal and aromatic plants have the ability to transmit volatile allelochemicals and affect their surrounding organisms. In this regard, their interaction should also be considered. The inhibitory effects of 112 essential oils on lettuce seed and seedling were investigated by cotton swab method. Germination (G%), Mean germination time (MGT), Lethal of embryo (L%), dormancy (D%), radicle growth (R%), and hypocotyl growth (H%) were measured. Two methods were used for evaluating allelopathic interaction effects: the simplified modified dilution check-board technique (SMCT) and the isobologram. Thymus daenensis had the highest inhibitory effect on G% (IC50 = 2.9 ppm) and the most lethal effect on the embryo (LC50 = 7.2 ppm). Thymus transcaspicus, Dracocephalum moldavica, Artemisia sieberi and Amomum subulatum had the greatest effect on MGT. Ziziphora tenuior, Trachyspermum ammi and Pelargonium graveolens had the highest effect on D%. Origanum vulgare was the strongest growth inhibitor. The highest synergistic effect on G% was in A. subulatum + Mentha suaveolens, on H% was related to Perovskia abrotanoides + T. daenensis, and on R% was observed in Artemisia vulgaris + M. suaveolens. The results of this study can lead to identification of new phytotoxic compounds in EOs and control weeds more effectively.
Somayeh Mirmostafaee; Majid Azizi; Yoshiharu Fujii. Study of Allelopathic Interaction of Essential Oils from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lettuce. Agronomy 2020, 10, 163 .
AMA StyleSomayeh Mirmostafaee, Majid Azizi, Yoshiharu Fujii. Study of Allelopathic Interaction of Essential Oils from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lettuce. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (2):163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSomayeh Mirmostafaee; Majid Azizi; Yoshiharu Fujii. 2020. "Study of Allelopathic Interaction of Essential Oils from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lettuce." Agronomy 10, no. 2: 163.