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Shafagh Jafer
Embry Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114-3900

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Journal article
Published: 01 December 2018 in Journal of Aerospace Information Systems
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ACS Style

Somaye Mahmoodi; Umut Durak; Sven Hartmann; Shafagh Jafer. DO-330/ED-215 Overlay to the IEEE Recommended Practice for Distributed Simulation Engineering and Execution Process. Journal of Aerospace Information Systems 2018, 15, 696 -705.

AMA Style

Somaye Mahmoodi, Umut Durak, Sven Hartmann, Shafagh Jafer. DO-330/ED-215 Overlay to the IEEE Recommended Practice for Distributed Simulation Engineering and Execution Process. Journal of Aerospace Information Systems. 2018; 15 (12):696-705.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Somaye Mahmoodi; Umut Durak; Sven Hartmann; Shafagh Jafer. 2018. "DO-330/ED-215 Overlay to the IEEE Recommended Practice for Distributed Simulation Engineering and Execution Process." Journal of Aerospace Information Systems 15, no. 12: 696-705.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2018 in International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing
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Only a small amount of work has been published on the topic of exploiting existing Long-Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE) cellular communication network infrastructure for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) data links. This paper documents a modeling and simulation (m&s) framework that has been developed utilizing the powerful OMNeT[Formula: see text] simulation tool for assessing the feasibility and effectiveness of this prospect in various UAV scenarios. Using multiple scenarios, we have studied the data rate requirements for communications between small and medium-sized UAVs and base stations. Using this framework, we have shown that the data rate requirements for the links are within the data throughput achieved by LTE networks. The developed framework implements a propagation model endorsed by the 3GPP LTE project team and also accurately models the high mobility of UAVs. The framework is highly configurable and extensible and boasts of automatic aggregation of results and chart plotting. The outcomes of this research may be utilized by industry for rapidly deploying highly mobile, low-cost UAVs in a wide range of applications and scenarios.

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Stephen Jones; Ashok Vardhan Raja. A modeling and simulation framework for UAVs utilizing 4G-LTE cellular networks. International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2018, 9, 1 .

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Stephen Jones, Ashok Vardhan Raja. A modeling and simulation framework for UAVs utilizing 4G-LTE cellular networks. International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing. 2018; 9 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Stephen Jones; Ashok Vardhan Raja. 2018. "A modeling and simulation framework for UAVs utilizing 4G-LTE cellular networks." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 9, no. 5: 1.

Conference paper
Published: 01 September 2018 in 2018 IEEE/AIAA 37th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)
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Through a recent project for the FAA Academy, an ATC Scenario Training Technology (ASTT) is being developed at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University to provide the Academy students with an online tool to practice various En Route scenarios specified by the FAA. Our proposed ATC Scenario Training Technology (ASTT) is currently being developed as a Web-based ERAM training tool, designed to provide a recreation of the ERAM's core functionality with the ability to load/create/modify scenarios. The tool will allow for students to select an instructor-provided scenario and switch between the R-Side and EDST contexts in real time. The challenges of designing such a system are mainly constrained to the team development environment, interface design, scenario simulation, and user response processing domains, but the overall architecture needs to be considered closely. This paper reports on the challenges in designing and developing the underlying ASTT software technology as a computationally intensive and multifaceted system, specifically in the domains of the technology stack selection and development environment creation. ASTT prototype architecture (both front-end and back-end) will also be presented and discussed. In addition, the proposed architecture for project execution will be addressed.

ACS Style

Christopher Shannon; Shafagh Jafer; Ashok Vardhan Raja; Mohammad Moallemi; Neal C. Thigpen. Software Challenges of a Web-based Air Traffic Control Training Tool. 2018 IEEE/AIAA 37th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) 2018, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Christopher Shannon, Shafagh Jafer, Ashok Vardhan Raja, Mohammad Moallemi, Neal C. Thigpen. Software Challenges of a Web-based Air Traffic Control Training Tool. 2018 IEEE/AIAA 37th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). 2018; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christopher Shannon; Shafagh Jafer; Ashok Vardhan Raja; Mohammad Moallemi; Neal C. Thigpen. 2018. "Software Challenges of a Web-based Air Traffic Control Training Tool." 2018 IEEE/AIAA 37th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) , no. : 1-8.

Chapter
Published: 11 May 2018 in Advances in Aeronautical Informatics
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Avionics, like any other safety-critical real-time systems, pose unique challenges on system design, development, and testing. Specifically, the rigorous certification process mandated for avionics software calls for additional attention. The DO-178C Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification provides detailed guidelines to ensure safety measures. This chapter gives a different angle to avionics development and certification, highlighting model-based approaches for advancing the design, development, testing, and maintenance of airborne software systems. Modern software engineering processes such as agile and scrum are discussed as the new techniques in speeding up the certification hurdle, while achieving higher return on investment.

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Umut Durak; Hakan Aydemir; Richard Ruff; Thorsten Pawletta. Advances in Software Engineering and Aeronautics. Advances in Aeronautical Informatics 2018, 87 -102.

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Umut Durak, Hakan Aydemir, Richard Ruff, Thorsten Pawletta. Advances in Software Engineering and Aeronautics. Advances in Aeronautical Informatics. 2018; ():87-102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Umut Durak; Hakan Aydemir; Richard Ruff; Thorsten Pawletta. 2018. "Advances in Software Engineering and Aeronautics." Advances in Aeronautical Informatics , no. : 87-102.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Journal of Aerospace Information Systems
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The rise of modeling and simulation has been phenomenal in aviation as a swift, accurate, and cost-effective method for experimentation and training. However, there still exists a lack of common understanding and standardized practices in the simulation scenario development process. This paper presents a detailed overview of the Aviation Scenario Definition Language, which provides a standard scenario specification mechanism in the aviation domain. The Aviation Scenario Definition Language provides a well-structured definition language to formally specify a complete flight simulation scenario. This paper provides the technical details of the Aviation Scenario Definition Language and its underlying Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization standard base object model. A case study for unmanned aerial vehicle flight is presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the Aviation Scenario Definition Language in automatically generating simulation scenario scripts for a target flight simulator.

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Bharvi Chhaya; Umut Durak; Torsten Gerlach. Automatic Generation of Flight Simulation Scenarios with Aviation Scenario Definition Language. Journal of Aerospace Information Systems 2018, 15, 193 -202.

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Bharvi Chhaya, Umut Durak, Torsten Gerlach. Automatic Generation of Flight Simulation Scenarios with Aviation Scenario Definition Language. Journal of Aerospace Information Systems. 2018; 15 (4):193-202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Bharvi Chhaya; Umut Durak; Torsten Gerlach. 2018. "Automatic Generation of Flight Simulation Scenarios with Aviation Scenario Definition Language." Journal of Aerospace Information Systems 15, no. 4: 193-202.

Conference paper
Published: 07 March 2018 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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We propose a model-based framework to specify, integrate, and verify heterogeneous Software Integration Lab and System of Systems (SoS) simulations that include unmanned aviation mission systems during the early development and evaluation phases. This approach would bridge the currently separated development and test/training domains. We propose a tool suite for Rapid Configuration of Collaborative Aviation SoS Simulations (RCAS3.) This will provide a seamless plug-and-play framework that is highly adaptive and configurable while providing model transformation mechanisms to easily interface with High Level Architecture or other federated simulation protocols. RCAS3 will be built around already existing technologies: Aviation Scenario Definition Language Modeling, Discrete Event System Specification, and System Entity Structure implemented in RTSync’s MS4 Me. These will be augmented with an Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL)-based configuration and behavior analysis suite. This paper presents RCAS3 framework architecture and its underlying concepts.

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Bernard Zeigler; Doohwan D. H. Kim. A Framework for Rapid Configuration of Collaborative Aviation System-of-Systems Simulations. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2018, 92 -105.

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Bernard Zeigler, Doohwan D. H. Kim. A Framework for Rapid Configuration of Collaborative Aviation System-of-Systems Simulations. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2018; ():92-105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Bernard Zeigler; Doohwan D. H. Kim. 2018. "A Framework for Rapid Configuration of Collaborative Aviation System-of-Systems Simulations." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 92-105.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2018 in Aerospace
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Formal methods offer well-defined means for mathematical verification of the functional specifications of software systems. For model-based engineering, model checking is a verification technique that explores all possible system states. The Aviation Scenario Definition Language is a domain-specific language designed based on a scenario development process from a model-driven engineering perspective. It aims at providing a well-structured definition language to specify departure, en route, re-route, and landing scenarios. This paper uses statecharts and a model checker for the verification of each scenario generated and uses examples to demonstrate conformance to the rules established in the statecharts to verify the logic of all future scenarios.

ACS Style

Bharvi Chhaya; Shafagh Jafer; Umut Durak. Formal Verification of Simulation Scenarios in Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL). Aerospace 2018, 5, 10 .

AMA Style

Bharvi Chhaya, Shafagh Jafer, Umut Durak. Formal Verification of Simulation Scenarios in Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL). Aerospace. 2018; 5 (1):10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bharvi Chhaya; Shafagh Jafer; Umut Durak. 2018. "Formal Verification of Simulation Scenarios in Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL)." Aerospace 5, no. 1: 10.

Conference paper
Published: 07 January 2018 in 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference
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ACS Style

Umut Durak; Shafagh Jafer; Rob Wittman; Saurabh Mittal; Sven Hartmann; Bernard P. Zeigler. Computational Representation for a Simulation Scenario Definition Language. 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Umut Durak, Shafagh Jafer, Rob Wittman, Saurabh Mittal, Sven Hartmann, Bernard P. Zeigler. Computational Representation for a Simulation Scenario Definition Language. 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Umut Durak; Shafagh Jafer; Rob Wittman; Saurabh Mittal; Sven Hartmann; Bernard P. Zeigler. 2018. "Computational Representation for a Simulation Scenario Definition Language." 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 07 January 2018 in 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference
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ACS Style

Umut Durak; Shafagh Jafer; Steven D. Beard; Scott Reardon; James R. Murphy; Dennis A. Crider; Arno Gerretsen; Helge Lenz; Nickolas D. Macchiarella; Kevin T. Rigby; Christoph Torens; Florian Adolf. Towards a Standardization for Simulation Scenario Development in Aviation - Panel Discussion. 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Umut Durak, Shafagh Jafer, Steven D. Beard, Scott Reardon, James R. Murphy, Dennis A. Crider, Arno Gerretsen, Helge Lenz, Nickolas D. Macchiarella, Kevin T. Rigby, Christoph Torens, Florian Adolf. Towards a Standardization for Simulation Scenario Development in Aviation - Panel Discussion. 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Umut Durak; Shafagh Jafer; Steven D. Beard; Scott Reardon; James R. Murphy; Dennis A. Crider; Arno Gerretsen; Helge Lenz; Nickolas D. Macchiarella; Kevin T. Rigby; Christoph Torens; Florian Adolf. 2018. "Towards a Standardization for Simulation Scenario Development in Aviation - Panel Discussion." 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 07 January 2018 in 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference
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ACS Style

Bharvi Chhaya; Shafagh Jafer; William B. Coyne; Neal C. Thigpen; Umut Durak. Enhancing Scenario-Centric Air Traffic Control Training. 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Bharvi Chhaya, Shafagh Jafer, William B. Coyne, Neal C. Thigpen, Umut Durak. Enhancing Scenario-Centric Air Traffic Control Training. 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bharvi Chhaya; Shafagh Jafer; William B. Coyne; Neal C. Thigpen; Umut Durak. 2018. "Enhancing Scenario-Centric Air Traffic Control Training." 2018 AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2017 in Aerospace
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Time is crucial in the airlines industry. Among all factors contributing to an aircraft turnaround time; passenger boarding delays is the most challenging one. Airlines do not have control over the behavior of passengers; thus, focusing their effort on reducing passenger boarding time through implementing efficient boarding strategies. In this work, we attempt to use cellular Discrete-Event System Specification (Cell-DEVS) modeling and simulation to provide a comprehensive evaluation of aircraft boarding strategies. We have developed a simulation benchmark consisting of eight boarding strategies including Back-to-Front; Window Middle Aisle; Random; Zone Rotate; Reverse Pyramid; Optimal; Optimal Practical; and Efficient. Our simulation models are scalable and adaptive; providing a powerful analysis apparatus for investigating any existing or yet to be discovered boarding strategy. We explain the details of our models and present the results both visually and numerically to evaluate the eight implemented boarding strategies. We also compare our results with other studies that have used different modeling techniques; reporting nearly identical performance results. The simulations revealed that Window Middle Aisle provides the least boarding delay; with a small fraction of time difference compared to the optimal strategy. The results of this work could highly benefit the commercial airlines industry by optimizing and reducing passenger boarding delays.

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Wei Mi. Comparative Study of Aircraft Boarding Strategies Using Cellular Discrete Event Simulation. Aerospace 2017, 4, 57 .

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Wei Mi. Comparative Study of Aircraft Boarding Strategies Using Cellular Discrete Event Simulation. Aerospace. 2017; 4 (4):57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Wei Mi. 2017. "Comparative Study of Aircraft Boarding Strategies Using Cellular Discrete Event Simulation." Aerospace 4, no. 4: 57.

Article
Published: 28 October 2017 in Aerospace
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This paper investigates current and future uses of simulation in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Academy’s Air Traffic Control (ATC) training program to identify potential improvement areas in the areas of simulation technologies and course content. Once identified, recommendations for changes to the current training program are made. A literature review of the current training techniques used at the FAA Academy and training centers was conducted. In addition, interviews were held and surveys were distributed to collect data regarding a variety of ATC training interest areas, such as virtual reality, current maintenance schedules, and simulator features. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted to determine the potential improvement areas with the highest feasibility for implementation and the highest potential to reduce training costs and/or time. The primary findings of this research revealed three feasible improvement areas to the current training process and simulation technologies: (1) reducing the dependence on instructors during simulation training, (2) utilizing web-based training methods, and (3) updating current simulator systems to include new features, such as recording and playback features. These changes were recommended to be implemented first, with voice recognition and virtual reality improvement areas being recommended as priority focus areas for future studies and/or implementation.

ACS Style

Jessica A. Updegrove; Shafagh Jafer. Optimization of Air Traffic Control Training at the Federal Aviation Administration Academy. Aerospace 2017, 4, 50 .

AMA Style

Jessica A. Updegrove, Shafagh Jafer. Optimization of Air Traffic Control Training at the Federal Aviation Administration Academy. Aerospace. 2017; 4 (4):50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jessica A. Updegrove; Shafagh Jafer. 2017. "Optimization of Air Traffic Control Training at the Federal Aviation Administration Academy." Aerospace 4, no. 4: 50.

Conference paper
Published: 05 January 2017 in AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference
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The Aviation Scenario Definition Language (ASDL) has been proposed as a domain-specific language providing a well-structured definition language to specify departure, enroute, re-route, and landing scenarios. Exploiting the capabilities of Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF), ASDL provides a holistic conceptual metamodel construct to define all entities, attributes, and relationships needed to specify a complete flight scenario. Representing scenario models graphically, increases effectiveness of communication by providing fast, easy, and accurate method of transferring information among interested parties. It is well known that graphical diagrams are more effective than text in the communication between end-users and or domain experts. As such, models are majorly delivered graphically and supported by graphical design and editing tools. In order to provide an easy-to-use drag and drop framework to construct flight scenario models, here we present a graphical modeling and editing interface to ASDL. The proposed graphical scenario specification tool is developed using EMF Forms within EMF which provides a rapid mechanism to develop tools for modelling languages. The effort presented here will provide a graphical modeling and editing tool to specify ASDL flight scenarios while automatically validating user input and providing consistency and completeness checking. Backed by model-driven approach, the graphical modeling interface will hide all the ASDL language development details, making the tool suitable for non-developers such as pilots and air traffic controllers. This paper will include details on building the graphical framework with Eclipse Modeling Framework. We provide the detailed components of the generated GUI, highlighting the tool’s capabilities and user’s interactions. As a case-study, we also provide an example flight scenario model built using the presented tool

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Bharvi Chhaya; Umut Durak. Graphical Specification of Flight Scenarios with Aviation Scenario Defintion Language (ASDL). AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Bharvi Chhaya, Umut Durak. Graphical Specification of Flight Scenarios with Aviation Scenario Defintion Language (ASDL). AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Bharvi Chhaya; Umut Durak. 2017. "Graphical Specification of Flight Scenarios with Aviation Scenario Defintion Language (ASDL)." AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 05 January 2017 in AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference
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While any simulation study starts with a scenario, scenario development is usually conducted in an unstructured and ad hoc manner. In order to streamline scenario development, a formal approach is envisioned in the research flight simulator facility of German Aerospace Center (DLR), namely Air Vehicle Simulator (AVES). System Entity Structure (SES) which is a high level ontology that was introduced to specify a set of system structures and parameter settings is proposed as the foundations. The paper outlines a model-based methodology for scenario development. SES is exploited for metamodeling in order to capture all possible elements of a scenario that can be simulated in AVES. Then a scenario modeling methodology is built upon this metamodel

ACS Style

Umut Durak; Insa Pruter; Torsten Gerlach; Shafagh Jafer; Thorsten Pawletta; Sven Hartmann. Using System Entity Structures to Model the Elements of a Scenario in a Research Flight Simulator. AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Umut Durak, Insa Pruter, Torsten Gerlach, Shafagh Jafer, Thorsten Pawletta, Sven Hartmann. Using System Entity Structures to Model the Elements of a Scenario in a Research Flight Simulator. AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Umut Durak; Insa Pruter; Torsten Gerlach; Shafagh Jafer; Thorsten Pawletta; Sven Hartmann. 2017. "Using System Entity Structures to Model the Elements of a Scenario in a Research Flight Simulator." AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 07 July 2016 in SIMULATION
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First responders and security personnel face many challenges to safely evacuate crowded environments. Conducting frequent physical and table-top exercises are neither feasible nor economical. This is where modeling and simulation comes into play in providing a risk-free and economical method to practice various evacuation strategies, train first responders, and provide accurate decision-support and emergency guidance. With the aid of formal methods, here we present a suite of various egress strategies build on top of an open-source modeling and simulation environment. We use Cellular Discrete-Event System Specification (Cell-DEVS) formalism to explore emergency evacuation scenarios by building 12 egress models representing aspects of human behaviors under emergencies and the activities of authorities in guiding the crowd. The proposed framework explores random and controlled human movement, as well as implementing psychological conditions such as herd following and panicked states. We provide results analysis to compare evacuation speed under various egress methods, allowing for decision making when using the suite for training purposes. The outcome of this work is available on a public repository to serve the DEVS community, researchers, and public safety authorities interested in emergency evacuation simulations.

ACS Style

Shafagh Jafer; Ryan Lawler. Emergency crowd evacuation modeling and simulation framework with cellular discrete event systems. SIMULATION 2016, 92, 795 -817.

AMA Style

Shafagh Jafer, Ryan Lawler. Emergency crowd evacuation modeling and simulation framework with cellular discrete event systems. SIMULATION. 2016; 92 (8):795-817.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shafagh Jafer; Ryan Lawler. 2016. "Emergency crowd evacuation modeling and simulation framework with cellular discrete event systems." SIMULATION 92, no. 8: 795-817.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 April 2015 in SoutheastCon 2015
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The Discrete-Event Modeling and Simulation (DEVS) formalism has been successfully used to model systems whose behavioral state changes based on trigger events. The purpose of this project is to explore the extension of DEVS beyond the modeling of event driven systems, focusing on the application of DEVS to changes in human behavior as driven by emergency events. The objective is to build a modeling and simulation framework for human behavior in emergencies that could easily be extended and built upon in the future. Here we introduce the development of a suite of Cell-DEVS models representing aspects of human behaviors, and the simulation and a detailed analysis of this suite of models. This suite of models explored random and controlled human behaviors, as well as implementing psychological conditions such as herd following. The end state is the development of a repository for these models to serve the DEVS community.

ACS Style

Ryan Lawler; Shafagh Jafer. Egress modeling with cellular discrete event system. SoutheastCon 2015 2015, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Ryan Lawler, Shafagh Jafer. Egress modeling with cellular discrete event system. SoutheastCon 2015. 2015; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ryan Lawler; Shafagh Jafer. 2015. "Egress modeling with cellular discrete event system." SoutheastCon 2015 , no. : 1-8.