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Dr. George Kyriakarakos
Centre for Research and Technology Hellas

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Computational Intelligence
0 Desalination
0 Energy Policy
0 Energy Regulation
0 Fuzzy Logic

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microgrids
Desalination
Hydrogen
particle swarm optimization (PSO)
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps
Rural Electrification
Fuzzy Logic
Petri Nets

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Short Biography

Researcher and consultant in the field of rural electrification with renewable energy technologies and focus on computational intelligence approaches for the design, sizing, management and control of complex energy systems as well as in the fields of policy, regulatory and institutional frameworks for renewable energy and energy efficiency. Special interests include autonomous polygeneration (power, potable water through desalination, water pumping, hydrogen subsystems, space heating and cooling, on-site fuel production) smart microgrids and computational intelligence methodologies (multi-agent systems, fuzzy logic, fuzzy cognitive maps, petri nets, grey system theory, particle swarm optimization). Specialties: Rural electrification - design and implementation, computational intelligence approaches for the design, sizing, management and control of complex energy systems.

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Encyclopedia
Published: 29 July 2021 in Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
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Hydraulic is a Greek word referring to anything related to the supply and channeling of water. In science, hydraulics can be defined as the branch of fluid mechanics concerned with the practical applications of fluids—mainly liquids—in motion. Distributed energy generation and storage using a microgrid topology is on the rise. The deployment of microgrids both in the developed and developing nations is expected to grow significantly and play an important part in increasing the sustainability of the power sector. This article presents the theoretical background, state of the art and applications of hydraulic energy storage focusing on applications of distributed hydraulic energy storage able to be applied both in grid-connected and off-grid systems under a microgrid topology. In detail, it addresses pumped hydro electric energy storage, compressed air energy storage, indirect energy storage using water and hybrid approaches.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos. Hydraulic Energy Storage in Microgrids. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos. Hydraulic Energy Storage in Microgrids. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos. 2021. "Hydraulic Energy Storage in Microgrids." Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Water and energy are two of the most important inputs for a community to thrive. While water is dominant on earth, only 2.5% of the water is fresh water and over 98% of that water is either ground water or locked up in glaciers and ice caps. Therefore, only about 1.2% of all the freshwater is surface water which is able to meet human needs. About 2 billion people currently do not have sufficient access to fresh water. One of the solutions deployed in the last decades for island and coastal areas has been desalination. Desalination of seawater and brackish groundwater is commercially available and still a fast-advancing technology. The decreasing cost of renewable energy coupled with strategies based on renewables for powering populations without access to electricity and policies for complete decarbonization of the economy such as the European Green Deal make the combination of renewables and desalination a really interesting approach. This paper investigates combinations of small-scale RO desalination systems which are able to produce up to a few thousand m3 of desalinated water per day coupled with photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems, both in grid-connected, as well as in autonomous scenarios. The results show that RO desalination coupled with renewables can address cost-effectively the current issues in terms of water scarcity, while minimizing the environmental footprint of the process. In this paper, it has been showcased that desalination powered by renewables can be deployed in practically any location on earth having access to sea or a brackish water source. The results show that even for grid-connected systems it is more cost-effective and profitable to include a renewable energy system to power the plant, apart from the corresponding environmental benefits.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. Is Small Scale Desalination Coupled with Renewable Energy a Cost-Effective Solution? Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5419 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, George Papadakis. Is Small Scale Desalination Coupled with Renewable Energy a Cost-Effective Solution? Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (12):5419.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. 2021. "Is Small Scale Desalination Coupled with Renewable Energy a Cost-Effective Solution?" Applied Sciences 11, no. 12: 5419.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Low-enthalpy geothermal resources (e) ORC engine manufactured to operate at temperatures up to 140 °C are used to add reliability in the calculations. In order to meet the needs of the people, four different APMs based on PVs, wind turbines, and geothermal ORC of different but appropriate configurations were designed and sized through optimization. The optimization process was based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). The comparative examination of the results shows that the use of a low-power, low-temperature ORC engine in an APM is technically feasible; more cost effective than the configurations based on PVs, wind turbines, or combination of both; and has increased environmental sustainability.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Erika Ntavou; Dimitris Manolakos. Investigation of the Use of Low Temperature Geothermal Organic Rankine Cycle Engine in an Autonomous Polygeneration Microgrid. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10475 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Erika Ntavou, Dimitris Manolakos. Investigation of the Use of Low Temperature Geothermal Organic Rankine Cycle Engine in an Autonomous Polygeneration Microgrid. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10475.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Erika Ntavou; Dimitris Manolakos. 2020. "Investigation of the Use of Low Temperature Geothermal Organic Rankine Cycle Engine in an Autonomous Polygeneration Microgrid." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10475.

Editorial
Published: 09 September 2020 in Sustainability
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There is a global trend towards zero-energy or even positive-energy buildings, including healthcare facilities. Energy efficiency activities have been investigated and applied successfully for more than 20 years in healthcare facilities in general and hospitals in particular. It is in the last decade that on-site energy production mainly from photovoltaics has been considered mainly as an extra revenue stream for healthcare facilities. Back-up systems are still diesel generator-based in most cases and only recently has there been interest in unifying the energy systems of healthcare facilities in order to integrate the operation of the main systems of the hospital with the on-site renewable energy production and the back-up systems. Hospitals play a very crucial role in our societies. There is a need to achieve the best results in terms of healthcare services but, at the same time, to reduce the cost of these services without affecting the quality level, to enhance resilience and to increase environmental sustainability. As far as energy is concerned, this is feasible and can be accomplished using energy efficiency interventions and on-site power generation and storage using renewable energy technologies. An Intelligent Energy Management System (IEMS) has to be in place in order to harvest the benefits of all the related subsystems allowing them to operate effectively and harmoniously, while at the same time ensuring the operation of the hospital under extreme conditions, e.g., after a natural disaster. The research concerning IEMSs for hospitals is at its first steps and needs to gain momentum.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios Dounis. Intelligent Management of Distributed Energy Resources for Increased Resilience and Environmental Sustainability of Hospitals. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7379 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Anastasios Dounis. Intelligent Management of Distributed Energy Resources for Increased Resilience and Environmental Sustainability of Hospitals. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios Dounis. 2020. "Intelligent Management of Distributed Energy Resources for Increased Resilience and Environmental Sustainability of Hospitals." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7379.

Journal article
Published: 12 April 2020 in Sustainability
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Almost one billion people in the world still do not have access to electricity. Most of them live in rural areas of the developing world. Access to electricity in the rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa is only 28%, roughly 600 million people. The financing of rural electrification is challenging and, in order to accomplish higher private sector investments, new innovative business models have to be developed. In this paper, a new approach in the financing of microgrid electrification activities is proposed and investigated. In this approach, agriculture related businesses take the lead in the electrification activities of the surrounding communities. It is shown that the high cost of rural electrification can be met through the increased value of locally produced products, and cross-subsidization can take place in order to decrease the cost of household electrification. The approach is implemented in a case study in Rwanda, through which the possibility of local agricultural cooperatives leading electrification activities is demonstrated.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Athanasios T. Balafoutis; Dionysis Bochtis. Proposing a Paradigm Shift in Rural Electrification Investments in Sub-Saharan Africa through Agriculture. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3096 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Athanasios T. Balafoutis, Dionysis Bochtis. Proposing a Paradigm Shift in Rural Electrification Investments in Sub-Saharan Africa through Agriculture. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3096.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Athanasios T. Balafoutis; Dionysis Bochtis. 2020. "Proposing a Paradigm Shift in Rural Electrification Investments in Sub-Saharan Africa through Agriculture." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3096.

Editorial
Published: 24 September 2019 in Applied Sciences
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Today, 992 million people still do not have access to electricity globally. Most live in rural areas of the developing world. In 2018, the electrification rate for sub-Saharan Africa was only 27%. Furthermore, off-grid systems are projected to provide 65% of the newly electrified population in sub-Saharan Africa. Current estimations show that the average connection cost per technology in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa is 2000–3000 USD for grid extension, 500–1200 USD for a microgrid solution, and 150–500 USD for a solar home system. The most recent studies for real-world microgrids installed in sub-Saharan Africa show that the average split of capital expenditure (CAPEX) spending on distribution versus generation in microgrids is at 50%/50%. This is the result of the significant cost reduction of photovoltaics, batteries, and power electronics, in comparison with the practically stable unchanged cost of poles and cables. Even if the business model is chosen by the investor—usually a pay-as-you-go implementation—there is still the difficult decision to make on whether to go for a microgrid or solar home systems. Taking inspiration from multispecies swarms, a Multispecies Swarm Electrification approach is developed that is able to meet the real-world needs of the developing world in terms of rural electrification.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. Multispecies Swarm Electrification for Rural Areas of the Developing World. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 3992 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, George Papadakis. Multispecies Swarm Electrification for Rural Areas of the Developing World. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (19):3992.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. 2019. "Multispecies Swarm Electrification for Rural Areas of the Developing World." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19: 3992.

Editorial
Published: 08 April 2018 in Applied Sciences
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Currently, 1.06 billion people still do not have access to electricity, with the majority living in rural areas around the world

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. Microgrids for Productive Uses of Energy in the Developing World and Blockchain: A Promising Future. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 580 .

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, George Papadakis. Microgrids for Productive Uses of Energy in the Developing World and Blockchain: A Promising Future. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (4):580.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. 2018. "Microgrids for Productive Uses of Energy in the Developing World and Blockchain: A Promising Future." Applied Sciences 8, no. 4: 580.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Solar Energy
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ACS Style

Christos-Spyridon Karavas; Konstantinos G. Arvanitis; George Kyriakarakos; Dimitrios D. Piromalis; George Papadakis. A novel autonomous PV powered desalination system based on a DC microgrid concept incorporating short-term energy storage. Solar Energy 2018, 159, 947 -961.

AMA Style

Christos-Spyridon Karavas, Konstantinos G. Arvanitis, George Kyriakarakos, Dimitrios D. Piromalis, George Papadakis. A novel autonomous PV powered desalination system based on a DC microgrid concept incorporating short-term energy storage. Solar Energy. 2018; 159 ():947-961.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christos-Spyridon Karavas; Konstantinos G. Arvanitis; George Kyriakarakos; Dimitrios D. Piromalis; George Papadakis. 2018. "A novel autonomous PV powered desalination system based on a DC microgrid concept incorporating short-term energy storage." Solar Energy 159, no. : 947-961.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2017 in Research in Agricultural Engineering
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Agriculture is the sector that consumes by far most water globally. Much research efforts aim at minimizing losses through the use of drip irrigation. Rural agricultural areas often do not have access to a main electrical grid to power the pumps needed for drip irrigation; it reduces the options in paying for a grid extension, getting a diesel generator or investing in an off-grid renewable energy system. In this paper, these alternatives are assessed technically and economically under real world conditions through the Jordan Valley case study. The results show that the autonomous photovoltaic (PV)-battery system is preferable to the use of a diesel generator, as well as it is preferable to the main grid extension in many cases depending on the cost of grid electricity and distance from the grid. For current subsidized grid electricity retail price to farmers, the PV-battery system becomes more attractive above a 300 m distance from the grid, while if the actual cost of electricity production in Jordan is taken into account, then it breaks even to 128 m.

ACS Style

Perakis Christoforos; George Kyriakarakos; Hani Nabeel Bani; Hammad Shaker; Damasiotis Markos. Investigation of solar-powered drip irrigation: The case study of the Jordan Valley. Research in Agricultural Engineering 2017, 63, 168 -171.

AMA Style

Perakis Christoforos, George Kyriakarakos, Hani Nabeel Bani, Hammad Shaker, Damasiotis Markos. Investigation of solar-powered drip irrigation: The case study of the Jordan Valley. Research in Agricultural Engineering. 2017; 63 (No. 4):168-171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perakis Christoforos; George Kyriakarakos; Hani Nabeel Bani; Hammad Shaker; Damasiotis Markos. 2017. "Investigation of solar-powered drip irrigation: The case study of the Jordan Valley." Research in Agricultural Engineering 63, no. No. 4: 168-171.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2017 in Applied Energy
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ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos G. Arvanitis; George Papadakis. Design of a Fuzzy Cognitive Maps variable-load energy management system for autonomous PV-reverse osmosis desalination systems: A simulation survey. Applied Energy 2017, 187, 575 -584.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Anastasios I. Dounis, Konstantinos G. Arvanitis, George Papadakis. Design of a Fuzzy Cognitive Maps variable-load energy management system for autonomous PV-reverse osmosis desalination systems: A simulation survey. Applied Energy. 2017; 187 ():575-584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos G. Arvanitis; George Papadakis. 2017. "Design of a Fuzzy Cognitive Maps variable-load energy management system for autonomous PV-reverse osmosis desalination systems: A simulation survey." Applied Energy 187, no. : 575-584.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Desalination and Water Treatment
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ACS Style

C. Perakis; E.T. El Shenawy; H.H. El Ghetany; G. Kyriakarakos. Design of autonomous PV/RO desalination systems – case studies for Egypt and Greece. Desalination and Water Treatment 2017, 74, 12 -20.

AMA Style

C. Perakis, E.T. El Shenawy, H.H. El Ghetany, G. Kyriakarakos. Design of autonomous PV/RO desalination systems – case studies for Egypt and Greece. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2017; 74 ():12-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. Perakis; E.T. El Shenawy; H.H. El Ghetany; G. Kyriakarakos. 2017. "Design of autonomous PV/RO desalination systems – case studies for Egypt and Greece." Desalination and Water Treatment 74, no. : 12-20.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2015 in Energy Conversion and Management
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ACS Style

Christos-Spyridon Karavas; George Kyriakarakos; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. A multi-agent decentralized energy management system based on distributed intelligence for the design and control of autonomous polygeneration microgrids. Energy Conversion and Management 2015, 103, 166 -179.

AMA Style

Christos-Spyridon Karavas, George Kyriakarakos, Konstantinos Arvanitis, George Papadakis. A multi-agent decentralized energy management system based on distributed intelligence for the design and control of autonomous polygeneration microgrids. Energy Conversion and Management. 2015; 103 ():166-179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christos-Spyridon Karavas; George Kyriakarakos; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. 2015. "A multi-agent decentralized energy management system based on distributed intelligence for the design and control of autonomous polygeneration microgrids." Energy Conversion and Management 103, no. : 166-179.

Reference entry
Published: 16 July 2015 in Handbook of Clean Energy Systems
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ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. Polygeneration Microgrids for Residential Applications. Handbook of Clean Energy Systems 2015, 1 -12.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, George Papadakis. Polygeneration Microgrids for Residential Applications. Handbook of Clean Energy Systems. 2015; ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. 2015. "Polygeneration Microgrids for Residential Applications." Handbook of Clean Energy Systems , no. : 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2015 in Energy Conversion and Management
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ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Dimitrios D. Piromalis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; Anastasios I. Dounis; George Papadakis. On battery-less autonomous polygeneration microgrids: Investigation of the combined hybrid capacitors/hydrogen alternative. Energy Conversion and Management 2015, 91, 405 -415.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Dimitrios D. Piromalis, Konstantinos Arvanitis, Anastasios I. Dounis, George Papadakis. On battery-less autonomous polygeneration microgrids: Investigation of the combined hybrid capacitors/hydrogen alternative. Energy Conversion and Management. 2015; 91 ():405-415.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Dimitrios D. Piromalis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; Anastasios I. Dounis; George Papadakis. 2015. "On battery-less autonomous polygeneration microgrids: Investigation of the combined hybrid capacitors/hydrogen alternative." Energy Conversion and Management 91, no. : 405-415.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2014 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Konstantinos Patlitzianas; Markos Damasiotis; Dimitrios Papastefanakis. A fuzzy cognitive maps decision support system for renewables local planning. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014, 39, 209 -222.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Konstantinos Patlitzianas, Markos Damasiotis, Dimitrios Papastefanakis. A fuzzy cognitive maps decision support system for renewables local planning. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2014; 39 ():209-222.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Konstantinos Patlitzianas; Markos Damasiotis; Dimitrios Papastefanakis. 2014. "A fuzzy cognitive maps decision support system for renewables local planning." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 39, no. : 209-222.

Articles
Published: 10 July 2014 in DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
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Sea water reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination constitutes a successful technology for covering the potable water needs of islands and coastal regions. SWRO units can be combined with renewable energy technologies such as photovoltaic and wind generators. Conventional small scale SWRO units are not often combined with energy recovery devices; however, these devices can decrease drastically the energy consumption of the SWRO units. Furthermore, in the literature there are references which prove that the operation of a desalination unit in part-load conditions can result in lower specific energy consumption compared to full-load operation. This paper presents the simulation and the experimental investigation under full- and part-load conditions of an existing SWRO desalination unit (50 mS/cm feed water) in order for the desalination unit to be optimally utilized in a polygeneration microgrid topology which uses advanced energy management algorithms. The experimental operation of the SWRO Unit in part-load conditions is achieved by varying the speed of the motor—pump assembly, the pressure and the flow rate of the feed water. During the evaluation of the measurements result, an optimum operating window in the range of 40–57 bar was drawn regarding the operation of the SWRO desalination unit in part- and full-load conditions. More specifically, in this pressure range the average value of fresh water production was 60 L/h with an acceptable fresh water electrical conductivity of 550 μS/cm, and with a specific energy consumption range from 6.1 to 7.7 kWh/m3. With these results the operational parameters of the polygeneration microgrid energy management system can be optimized.

ACS Style

Evangelos Dimitriou; Essam Sh. Mohamed; George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. Experimental investigation of the performance of a reverse osmosis desalination unit under full- and part-load operation. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 2014, 53, 3170 -3178.

AMA Style

Evangelos Dimitriou, Essam Sh. Mohamed, George Kyriakarakos, George Papadakis. Experimental investigation of the performance of a reverse osmosis desalination unit under full- and part-load operation. DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT. 2014; 53 (12):3170-3178.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Evangelos Dimitriou; Essam Sh. Mohamed; George Kyriakarakos; George Papadakis. 2014. "Experimental investigation of the performance of a reverse osmosis desalination unit under full- and part-load operation." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 53, no. 12: 3170-3178.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2013 in Applied Energy
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ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Dimitrios D. Piromalis; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. Intelligent demand side energy management system for autonomous polygeneration microgrids. Applied Energy 2013, 103, 39 -51.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Dimitrios D. Piromalis, Anastasios I. Dounis, Konstantinos Arvanitis, George Papadakis. Intelligent demand side energy management system for autonomous polygeneration microgrids. Applied Energy. 2013; 103 ():39-51.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Dimitrios D. Piromalis; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. 2013. "Intelligent demand side energy management system for autonomous polygeneration microgrids." Applied Energy 103, no. : 39-51.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2012 in Applied Soft Computing
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ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. A fuzzy cognitive maps–petri nets energy management system for autonomous polygeneration microgrids. Applied Soft Computing 2012, 12, 3785 -3797.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Anastasios I. Dounis, Konstantinos Arvanitis, George Papadakis. A fuzzy cognitive maps–petri nets energy management system for autonomous polygeneration microgrids. Applied Soft Computing. 2012; 12 (12):3785-3797.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. 2012. "A fuzzy cognitive maps–petri nets energy management system for autonomous polygeneration microgrids." Applied Soft Computing 12, no. 12: 3785-3797.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2012 in Renewable Energy
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This paper presents the design and testing through simulation of a Fuzzy Logic Energy Management System (FLEMS) for an autonomous polygeneration microgrid. In this microgrid the energy is produced by photovoltaics and a wind turbine and the rest of the components include a battery bank, a Proton Exhange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell, a PEM electrolyzer, a metal hydride tank and a reverse osmosis desalination unit using energy recovery. The microgrid covers the electricity, transport and water needs and thus its products are power, hydrogen as transportation fuel and potable water through desalination. Initially an ON/OFF approach to the management and control of the devices was adopted. In this paper a new approach based on fuzzy logic was designed and tested through simulation. The devices being managed are the fuel cell, desalination unit and electrolyzer unit. A design tool based on TRNSYS 16, Matlab, GenOpt 2.0 and TRNOPT was developed using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Two microgrids were sized using this tool in order to compare the performance of FLEMS with the ON/OFF approach. The results show that FLEMS utilizes the available energy in the system better and the components’ sizes are, thus, considerably decreased.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. A fuzzy logic energy management system for polygeneration microgrids. Renewable Energy 2012, 41, 315 -327.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Anastasios I. Dounis, Konstantinos Arvanitis, George Papadakis. A fuzzy logic energy management system for polygeneration microgrids. Renewable Energy. 2012; 41 ():315-327.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Konstantinos Arvanitis; George Papadakis. 2012. "A fuzzy logic energy management system for polygeneration microgrids." Renewable Energy 41, no. : 315-327.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2011 in Applied Energy
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This paper presents the concept and the design of a hybrid renewable energy polygeneration microgrid along with its technical and economical evaluation. The energy of the sun and the wind is harvested by photovoltaics and a wind turbine. Besides that, the components of the microgrid include a battery bank, a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell, a PEM electrolyzer, a metal hydride tank, a reverse osmosis desalination unit using energy recovery and a control system. The microgrid covers the electricity, transport and water needs and thus its products are power, hydrogen as transportation fuel and potable water through desalination. Hydrogen and the desalinated water also act as medium to long term seasonal storage. A design tool based on TRNSYS 16, GenOpt 2.0 and TRNOPT was developed using Particle Swarm Optimization method. The economic evaluation of the concept was based on the discounting cash flow approach. The Monte Carlo Simulation method was used in order to take uncertainty into account. A technically feasible polygeneration microgrid adapted to a small island is financially profitable with a probability of 90% for the present and 100% at the medium term.

ACS Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Stelios Rozakis; Konstantinos G. Arvanitis; George Papadakis. Polygeneration microgrids: A viable solution in remote areas for supplying power, potable water and hydrogen as transportation fuel. Applied Energy 2011, 88, 4517 -4526.

AMA Style

George Kyriakarakos, Anastasios I. Dounis, Stelios Rozakis, Konstantinos G. Arvanitis, George Papadakis. Polygeneration microgrids: A viable solution in remote areas for supplying power, potable water and hydrogen as transportation fuel. Applied Energy. 2011; 88 (12):4517-4526.

Chicago/Turabian Style

George Kyriakarakos; Anastasios I. Dounis; Stelios Rozakis; Konstantinos G. Arvanitis; George Papadakis. 2011. "Polygeneration microgrids: A viable solution in remote areas for supplying power, potable water and hydrogen as transportation fuel." Applied Energy 88, no. 12: 4517-4526.