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Anion-adsorbing membranes provide an interesting possibility to remove toxic arsenate and chromate from drinking water. A promising way to prepare anion-exchange materials is to introduce positively charged amine groups on polymers. In this study, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membranes were modified with amine functionalities on the membranes. The success of the modifications was demonstrated using infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential measurements. Additionally, the arsenate adsorption was analyzed. The modified membrane showed arsenate adsorption 5 times higher than the pristine PAN membrane.
Sarah Glass; Tomi Mantel; Michael Appold; Sitashree Sen; Muhammad Usman; Mathias Ernst; Volkan Filiz. Amine‐Terminated PAN Membranes as Anion‐Adsorber Materials. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2021, 93, 1396 -1400.
AMA StyleSarah Glass, Tomi Mantel, Michael Appold, Sitashree Sen, Muhammad Usman, Mathias Ernst, Volkan Filiz. Amine‐Terminated PAN Membranes as Anion‐Adsorber Materials. Chemie Ingenieur Technik. 2021; 93 (9):1396-1400.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarah Glass; Tomi Mantel; Michael Appold; Sitashree Sen; Muhammad Usman; Mathias Ernst; Volkan Filiz. 2021. "Amine‐Terminated PAN Membranes as Anion‐Adsorber Materials." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 93, no. 9: 1396-1400.
Electrocoagulation (EC) is one of the emerging technologies in groundwater and wastewater treatment as it combines the benefits of coagulation, sedimentation, flotation, and electrochemical oxidation processes. Extensive research efforts implementing EC technology have been executed over the last decade to treat chemical oxygen demand (COD)-rich industrial wastewaters with the aim to protect freshwater streams (e.g., rivers, lakes) from pollution. A comprehensive review of the available recent literature utilizing EC to treat wastewater with high COD levels is presented. In addition, recommendations are provided for future studies to improve the EC technology and broaden its range of application. This review paper introduces some technologies which are often adopted for industrial wastewater treatment. Then, the EC process is compared with those techniques as a treatment for COD-rich wastewater. The EC process is considered as the most privileged technology by different research groups owing to its ability to deal with abundant volumes of wastewater. After, the application of EC as a single and combined treatment for COD-rich wastewaters is thoroughly reviewed. Finally, this review attempts to highlight the potentials and limitations of EC. Related to the EC process in batch operation mode, the best operational conditions are found at 10 V and 60 min of voltage and reaction time, respectively. These last values guarantee high COD removal efficiencies of > 90%. This review also concludes that considerably large operation costs of the EC process appears to be the serious drawback and renders it as an unfeasible approach for handling of COD rich wastewaters. In the end, this review has attempted to highlights the potential and limitation of EC and suggests that vast notably research in the field of continuous flow EC system is essential to introduce this technology as a convincing wastewater technology.
Milad Mousazadeh; Elnaz Karamati Niaragh; Muhammad Usman; Saif Ullah Khan; Miguel Angel Sandoval; Zakaria Al-Qodah; Zaied Bin Khalid; Vishakha Gilhotra; Mohammad Mahdi Emamjomeh. A critical review of state-of-the-art electrocoagulation technique applied to COD-rich industrial wastewaters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -30.
AMA StyleMilad Mousazadeh, Elnaz Karamati Niaragh, Muhammad Usman, Saif Ullah Khan, Miguel Angel Sandoval, Zakaria Al-Qodah, Zaied Bin Khalid, Vishakha Gilhotra, Mohammad Mahdi Emamjomeh. A critical review of state-of-the-art electrocoagulation technique applied to COD-rich industrial wastewaters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMilad Mousazadeh; Elnaz Karamati Niaragh; Muhammad Usman; Saif Ullah Khan; Miguel Angel Sandoval; Zakaria Al-Qodah; Zaied Bin Khalid; Vishakha Gilhotra; Mohammad Mahdi Emamjomeh. 2021. "A critical review of state-of-the-art electrocoagulation technique applied to COD-rich industrial wastewaters." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-30.
As the world human population and industrialization keep growing, the water availability issue has forced scientists, engineers, and legislators of water supply industries to better manage water resources. Pollutant removals from wastewaters are crucial to ensure qualities of available water resources (including natural water bodies or reclaimed waters). Diverse techniques have been developed to deal with water quality concerns. Carbon based nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with their high specific surface area and associated adsorption sites, have drawn a special focus in environmental applications, especially water and wastewater treatment. This critical review summarizes recent developments and adsorption behaviors of CNTs used to remove organics or heavy metal ions from contaminated waters via adsorption and inactivation of biological species associated with CNTs. Foci include CNTs synthesis, purification, and surface modifications or functionalization, followed by their characterization methods and the effect of water chemistry on adsorption capacities and removal mechanisms. Functionalized CNTs have been proven to be promising nanomaterials for the decontamination of waters due to their high adsorption capacity. However, most of the functional CNT applications are limited to lab-scale experiments only. Feasibility of their large-scale/industrial applications with cost-effective ways of synthesis and assessments of their toxicity with better simulating adsorption mechanisms still need to be studied.
Mian Aslam; Hsion-Wen Kuo; Walter Den; Muhammad Usman; Muhammad Sultan; Hadeed Ashraf. Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Water and Wastewater Treatment: Preparation to Application. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5717 .
AMA StyleMian Aslam, Hsion-Wen Kuo, Walter Den, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Sultan, Hadeed Ashraf. Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Water and Wastewater Treatment: Preparation to Application. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5717.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMian Aslam; Hsion-Wen Kuo; Walter Den; Muhammad Usman; Muhammad Sultan; Hadeed Ashraf. 2021. "Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Water and Wastewater Treatment: Preparation to Application." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5717.
In Pakistan, many subsurface (SS) drainage projects were launched by the Salinity Control and Reclamation Project (SCARP) to deal with twin problems (waterlogging and salinity). In some cases, sump pumps were installed for the disposal of SS effluent into surface drainage channels. Presently, sump pumps have become dysfunctional due to social and financial constraints. This study evaluates the alternate design of the Paharang drainage system that could permit the discharge of the SS drainage system in the response of gravity. The proposed design was completed after many successive trials in terms of lowering the bed level and decreasing the channel bed slope. Interconnected MS-Excel worksheets were developed to design the L-section and X-section. Design continuity of the drainage system was achieved by ensuring the bed and water levels of the receiving drain were lower than the outfalling drain. The drain cross-section was set within the present row with a few changes on the service roadside. The channel side slope was taken as 1:1.5 and the spoil bank inner and outer slopes were kept as 1:2 for the entire design. The earthwork was calculated in terms of excavation for lowering the bed level and increasing the drain section to place the excavated materials in a specific manner. The study showed that modification in the design of the Paharang drainage system is technically admissible and allows for the continuous discharge of SS drainage effluent from the area.
Muhammad Imran; Jinlan Xu; Muhammad Sultan; Redmond Shamshiri; Naveed Ahmed; Qaiser Javed; Hafiz Asfahan; Yasir Latif; Muhammad Usman; Riaz Ahmad. Free Discharge of Subsurface Drainage Effluent: An Alternate Design of the Surface Drain System in Pakistan. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4080 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Imran, Jinlan Xu, Muhammad Sultan, Redmond Shamshiri, Naveed Ahmed, Qaiser Javed, Hafiz Asfahan, Yasir Latif, Muhammad Usman, Riaz Ahmad. Free Discharge of Subsurface Drainage Effluent: An Alternate Design of the Surface Drain System in Pakistan. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):4080.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Imran; Jinlan Xu; Muhammad Sultan; Redmond Shamshiri; Naveed Ahmed; Qaiser Javed; Hafiz Asfahan; Yasir Latif; Muhammad Usman; Riaz Ahmad. 2021. "Free Discharge of Subsurface Drainage Effluent: An Alternate Design of the Surface Drain System in Pakistan." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 4080.
BACKGROUND This study reports the development of a pre‐deposited DM adsorber, formed of powdered‐sized fractions of two low‐priced iron oxide‐based adsorbents, as pre‐depositing material for the surface of a microfiltration (MF) membrane. The aim is to use developed DM adsorber for arsenate (As(V)) remediation from water by a combined mechanism of adsorptive and membrane filtration. The applied iron oxide‐based adsorbents are micro‐sized granular ferric hydroxide (μGFH) and micro‐sized tetravalent manganese feroxyhyte (μTMF). RESULTS The results show that As(V) removal efficiency strongly depends on the physicochemical properties of the depositing material such as specific surface area, isoelectric point, and particle size of the pre‐depositing material. The experimental determined As(V) removal rates were mathematically modeled using a homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) that incorporates the equilibrium parameters and mass transport coefficients of the adsorption process. The simulations showed that the mathematical model could describe the As(V) removal rates accurately over a broad range of operating conditions. The results further showed that the longer filtration times with very low normalized As(V) permeate concentration (C/Cf = 0.1 for example) can be prolonged by operating DM adsorber at lowermost membrane water flux of 31 L/(m2·h) and large amount of pre‐depositing material on MF membrane surface (Ma= 14 mg/cm2). CONCLUSION The results presented in this study confirm that use of these inexpensive materials (side‐product of granular iron‐oxide‐based adsorbents) in treating As(V) polluted water would enhance the sustainability of the industrial production process of conventional granular adsorbents by utilizing the wastes created during the process of adsorbent production.
Muhammad Usman; Aida Idrissi Belkasmi; Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis; Mathias Ernst. Pre‐deposited dynamic membrane adsorber formed of microscale conventional iron oxide‐based adsorbents to remove arsenic from water: application study and mathematical modeling. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 2021, 96, 1504 -1514.
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman, Aida Idrissi Belkasmi, Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis, Mathias Ernst. Pre‐deposited dynamic membrane adsorber formed of microscale conventional iron oxide‐based adsorbents to remove arsenic from water: application study and mathematical modeling. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology. 2021; 96 (6):1504-1514.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman; Aida Idrissi Belkasmi; Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis; Mathias Ernst. 2021. "Pre‐deposited dynamic membrane adsorber formed of microscale conventional iron oxide‐based adsorbents to remove arsenic from water: application study and mathematical modeling." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 96, no. 6: 1504-1514.
Span>Arsenic pollution of drinking waters across the world is one of the most serious water-related problems due to its well-established consequences on human health even at very low concentrations in the lower µg/L range. Among different well-established options for arsenic remediation, the adsorption onto highly efficient commercial iron oxyhydroxide-based adsorbent such as granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) has proven to be effective and persuasive. However, GFH is a cost-extensive material. During the industrial production of granular fractions of conventional adsorbents, the fine-grained fraction (individual particle size of < 250 µm) is generated as byproduct/waste as this fraction of granular adsorbents cannot be applied in fixed-bed adsorption filters because of high clogging potential in filter-bed. In this doctoral thesis, an integrated water process combining the adsorption and submerged microfiltration (MF) unit (abbreviated as SMAHS) was investigated to employ fine-grained iron oxyhydroxides. Air bubbling was applied in the slurry reactor of a SMAHS to introduce shear at the membrane surface for fouling control. Moreover, the powdered-sized fractions (individual particle size of ~ 3 µm) of iron oxyhydroxides were applied to form the pre-deposited dynamic membrane (DM) and the effectiveness of the formed DM was assessed in MF process. n addition to the fine fraction of the GFH, arsenic adsorption on µTMF (fine-grained tetravalent manganese feroxyhyte) was investigated through batch adsorption tests at pH 8 in three different water matrices and different adsorption isotherms were applied. The physical and chemical characteristics of the adsorbents were also fully investigated. The Freundlich isotherm describes the equilibrium isotherm data better than Langmuir isotherm, indicating a heterogeneous nature of the applied adsorbents. The isotherm data shows characteristics of favorable arsenic adsorption onto µGFH and µTMF. Further, adsorption efficiency of applied adsorbents depends strongly on the water quality parameters (pH and water matrix). Arsenic adsorption onto both adsorbents is mostly reversible, with a small proportion of irreversible adsorption. The findings from SMAHS indicate that the arsenic adsorption efficiency is comparable to that found in a fixed-bed adsorption filter packed with conventional adsorbents of the same type, with potential benefits of simultaneous removal of micro-organisms and turbidity. The material cost is estimated to be as low as 0.30 €/m 3 of product water when the arsenic concentration in the product water is below the drinking water regulation limit (10 µg/L). The outcomes further suggest that iron oxyhydroxides as forming materials of DMs may be applied in water treatment to achieve arsenic removal rates of greater than 90 % if operating conditions are well controlled. Moreover, arsenic removal rates of the SMAHS and DM can be predicted/modeled using a mathematical model based on a homogenous surface diffusion model (HSDM). In conclusion, it is expected that the new applications of fine-grained iron oxyhydroxides would not only increase the sustainable footprint of the conventional adsorbent production process as the by-product will be utilized but also be efficient solutions for arsenic remediation using the highly efficient low-cost adsorbents in water treatment
Muhammad Usman. New applications of fine-grained iron oxyhydroxides as cost-effective arsenic adsorbents in water treatment. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman. New applications of fine-grained iron oxyhydroxides as cost-effective arsenic adsorbents in water treatment. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman. 2020. "New applications of fine-grained iron oxyhydroxides as cost-effective arsenic adsorbents in water treatment." , no. : 1.
Threats due to insufficient, inadequate and costlier methods of treating contaminants such as arsenic have emphasized the significance of optimizing and managing the processes adopted. This study was aimed at the complete elimination of arsenic from an aqueous medium with minimum energy consumption using the electrocoagulation process. Arsenic removal around 95% was rapidly attained for optimized conditions having a pH of 7, 0.46 A current intensity, 10 mg/L initial concentration and only 2 min of applied time duration using the energy of 3.1 watt-hour per gram of arsenic removed. Low values of applied current for longer durations resulted in the complete removal of arsenic with low energy consumption. Various hydroxide complexes including ferrous hydroxide and ferric hydroxide assisted in the removal of arsenic by adsorption along with co-precipitation. Surface models obtained were checked and found with a reasonably good fit having high values of coefficient of determination of 0.933 and 0.980 for removal efficiency and energy consumption, respectively. Adsorption was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. Multivariate optimization proved it as a low-cost effective technology having an operational cost of 0.0974 Indian rupees (equivalent to USD 0.0013) per gram removal of arsenic. Overall, the process was well optimized using CCD based on response surface methodology.
Saif Ullah Khan; Izharul Haq Farooqi; Muhammad Usman; Farrukh Basheer. Energy Efficient Rapid Removal of Arsenic in an Electrocoagulation Reactor with Hybrid Fe/Al Electrodes: Process Optimization Using CCD and Kinetic Modeling. Water 2020, 12, 2876 .
AMA StyleSaif Ullah Khan, Izharul Haq Farooqi, Muhammad Usman, Farrukh Basheer. Energy Efficient Rapid Removal of Arsenic in an Electrocoagulation Reactor with Hybrid Fe/Al Electrodes: Process Optimization Using CCD and Kinetic Modeling. Water. 2020; 12 (10):2876.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaif Ullah Khan; Izharul Haq Farooqi; Muhammad Usman; Farrukh Basheer. 2020. "Energy Efficient Rapid Removal of Arsenic in an Electrocoagulation Reactor with Hybrid Fe/Al Electrodes: Process Optimization Using CCD and Kinetic Modeling." Water 12, no. 10: 2876.
In this study, the ideal adsorption cycle behavior of eight activated carbon and refrigerant pairs is evaluated. The selected pairs are KOH6-PR/ethanol, WPT-AC/ethanol, Maxsorb-III/methanol, Maxsorb-III/CO2, Maxsorb-III/n-butane, Maxsorb-III/R-134a, SAC-2/R32 and Maxsorb-III/R507a. The following cooling performance parameters are evaluated for all pairs: specific cooling energy (SCE), concentration difference (ΔW) and coefficient of performance (COP) of ideal adsorption cooling and refrigeration cycles. The evaporator temperatures for the applications of adsorption cooling and refrigeration are selected as 7 and −5 °C, respectively. It is found that the Maxsorb-III/methanol pair has shown the highest specific cooling energy and coefficient of performance in a wide range of desorption temperatures; i.e., for the adsorption cooling cycle it has SCE and COP of 639.83 kJ/kg and 0.803, respectively, with desorption temperatures of 80°C. The KOH6-PR/ethanol and the WPT-AC/ethanol pairs also give good performances comparable to that of the Maxsorb-III/methanol pair. However, the SAC-2/R32 pair possesses a higher concentration difference than the Maxsorb-III/methanol, KOH6-PR/ethanol and WPT-AC/ethanol pairs but shows a lower performance. This is due to the lower isosteric heat of adsorption of SAC-2/R32 compared to these pairs. It is found that Maxsorb-III/methanol, KOH6-PR/ethanol and WPT-AC/ethanol are the most promising pairs for application in designing adsorption cooling and refrigeration systems.
Faizan Shabir; Muhammad Sultan; Yasir Niaz; Muhammad Usman; Sobhy Ibrahim; Yongqiang Feng; B. Naik; Abdul Nasir; & Dr. Imran Ali. Steady-State Investigation of Carbon-Based Adsorbent–Adsorbate Pairs for Heat Transformation Application. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7040 .
AMA StyleFaizan Shabir, Muhammad Sultan, Yasir Niaz, Muhammad Usman, Sobhy Ibrahim, Yongqiang Feng, B. Naik, Abdul Nasir, & Dr. Imran Ali. Steady-State Investigation of Carbon-Based Adsorbent–Adsorbate Pairs for Heat Transformation Application. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):7040.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaizan Shabir; Muhammad Sultan; Yasir Niaz; Muhammad Usman; Sobhy Ibrahim; Yongqiang Feng; B. Naik; Abdul Nasir; & Dr. Imran Ali. 2020. "Steady-State Investigation of Carbon-Based Adsorbent–Adsorbate Pairs for Heat Transformation Application." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 7040.
The adsorption of arsenic (V), As(V), on two porous iron oxyhydroxide-based adsorbents, namely, micro-sized tetravalent manganese feroxyhyte (μTMF) and granular ferric hydroxide (μGFH), applied in a submerged microfiltration membrane hybrid system has been investigated and modeled. Batch adsorption tests were carried out to determine adsorption equilibrium and kinetics parameters of As(V) in a bench-scale slurry reactor setup. A mathematical model has been developed to describe the kinetic data as well as to predict the As(V) breakthrough curves in the hybrid system based on the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) and the corresponding solute mass balance equation. The kinetic parameters describing the mass transfer resistance due to intraparticle surface diffusion (Ds) involved in the HSDM was determined. The fitted Ds values for the smaller (1–63 μm) and larger (1–250 μm) diameter particles of μGFH and μTMF were estimated to be 1.09 × 10−18 m2/s and 1.53 × 10-16 m2/s, and 2.26 × 10−18 m2/s and 1.01 × 10-16 m2/s, respectively. The estimated values of mass transfer coefficient/ kinetic parameters are then applied in the developed model to predict the As(V) concentration profiles in the effluent of the hybrid membrane system. The predicted results were compared with experimental data for As(V) removal and showed an excellent agreement. After validation at varying adsorbent doses and membrane fluxes, the developed mathematical model was used to predict the influence of different operation conditions on As(V) effluent concentration profile. The model simulations also exhibit that the hybrid system benefits from increasing the amount of adsorbent initially dosed and from decreasing the membrane flux (increasing the contact time).
Muhammad Usman; Mohsen Zarebanadkouki; Muhammad Waseem; Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis; Mathias Ernst. Mathematical modeling of arsenic(V) adsorption onto iron oxyhydroxides in an adsorption-submerged membrane hybrid system. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2020, 400, 123221 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman, Mohsen Zarebanadkouki, Muhammad Waseem, Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis, Mathias Ernst. Mathematical modeling of arsenic(V) adsorption onto iron oxyhydroxides in an adsorption-submerged membrane hybrid system. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020; 400 ():123221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman; Mohsen Zarebanadkouki; Muhammad Waseem; Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis; Mathias Ernst. 2020. "Mathematical modeling of arsenic(V) adsorption onto iron oxyhydroxides in an adsorption-submerged membrane hybrid system." Journal of Hazardous Materials 400, no. : 123221.
The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper
Muhammad Usman; Ioannis Katsoyiannis; Manassis Mitrakas; Anastasios Zouboulis; Mathias Ernst. Correction: Usman, M., et al. Performance Evaluation of Small Sized Powdered Ferric Hydroxide as Arsenic Adsorbent. Water 2018, 10, 957. Water 2020, 12, 1430 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman, Ioannis Katsoyiannis, Manassis Mitrakas, Anastasios Zouboulis, Mathias Ernst. Correction: Usman, M., et al. Performance Evaluation of Small Sized Powdered Ferric Hydroxide as Arsenic Adsorbent. Water 2018, 10, 957. Water. 2020; 12 (5):1430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman; Ioannis Katsoyiannis; Manassis Mitrakas; Anastasios Zouboulis; Mathias Ernst. 2020. "Correction: Usman, M., et al. Performance Evaluation of Small Sized Powdered Ferric Hydroxide as Arsenic Adsorbent. Water 2018, 10, 957." Water 12, no. 5: 1430.
Arsenic is among the major drinking water contaminants affecting populations in many countries because it causes serious health problems on long-term exposure. Two low-cost micro-sized iron oxyhydroxide-based adsorbents (which are by-products of the industrial production process of granular adsorbents), namely, micro granular ferric hydroxide (μGFH) and micro tetravalent manganese feroxyhyte (μTMF), were applied in batch adsorption kinetic tests and submerged microfiltration membrane adsorption hybrid system (SMAHS) to remove pentavalent arsenic (As(V)) from modeled drinking water. The adsorbents media were characterized in terms of iron content, BET surface area, pore volume, and particle size. The results of adsorption kinetics show that initial adsorption rate of As(V) by μTMF is faster than μGFH. The SMAHS results revealed that hydraulic residence time of As(V) in the slurry reactor plays a critical role. At longer residence time, the achieved adsorption capacities at As(V) permeate concentration of 10 μg/L (WHO guideline value) are 0.95 and 1.04 μg/mg for μGFH and μTMF, respectively. At shorter residence time of ~ 3 h, μTMF was able to treat 1.4 times more volumes of arsenic-polluted water than μGFH under the optimized experimental conditions due to its fast kinetic behavior. The outcomes of this study confirm that micro-sized iron oyxhydroxides, by-products of conventional adsorbent production processes, can successfully be employed in the proposed hybrid water treatment system to achieve drinking water guideline value for arsenic, without considerable fouling of the porous membrane.
Muhammad Usman; Ioannis Katsoyiannis; Josma Henna Rodrigues; Mathias Ernst. Arsenate removal from drinking water using by-products from conventional iron oxyhydroxides production as adsorbents coupled with submerged microfiltration unit. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 1 -13.
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman, Ioannis Katsoyiannis, Josma Henna Rodrigues, Mathias Ernst. Arsenate removal from drinking water using by-products from conventional iron oxyhydroxides production as adsorbents coupled with submerged microfiltration unit. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman; Ioannis Katsoyiannis; Josma Henna Rodrigues; Mathias Ernst. 2020. "Arsenate removal from drinking water using by-products from conventional iron oxyhydroxides production as adsorbents coupled with submerged microfiltration unit." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-13.
Span>Trace organic compounds (TrOCs), mostly found in secondary effluents have a potential impact on the environment including surface water, groundwater and especially aquatic ecosystems. This study focuses on oxidation of five selected TrOCs in column experiments simulating soil aquifer treatment (SAT) integrated with Fenton-like reaction using granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) as a catalyst. In order to determine the effectiveness of removing TrOCs by water through this approach, experiments were carried out with ultrapure water containing different target compounds at pH 6 using different dosages of hydrogen peroxide and catalyst. In this study, the optimal concentration of hydrogen peroxide for removal of TrOCs was found to be 200 mg/L. However, observed overall removal was low for each target compound. Moreover, little increase in chemical oxidation of micropollutants was observed by an increasing dosage of the catalyst. For an optimum concentration of hydrogen peroxide the removal of 33, 34, 28, 29 and 35% were observed for benzotriazole, carbamazepine, phenytoin, primidone and meprobamate, respectively in 5h with a hydraulic retention time of 3h, respectively. Therefore, this treatment scheme might not be a promising option for oxidation of secondary effluents. Thus, other treatment options, such as decrease of pH, recirculation of effluent through columns to increase the hydraulic retention times, other types of catalyst and higher dosage of hydrogen peroxide need to be considered for more efficient removal of TrOCs within SAT integrated with Fenton-like reaction.
Muhammad Usman. Optimization of Soil Aquifer Treatment by Chemical Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide Addition. 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman. Optimization of Soil Aquifer Treatment by Chemical Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide Addition. . 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman. 2018. "Optimization of Soil Aquifer Treatment by Chemical Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide Addition." , no. : 1.
The small sized powdered ferric oxy-hydroxide, termed Dust Ferric Hydroxide (DFH), was applied in batch adsorption experiments to remove arsenic species from water. The DFH was characterized in terms of zero point charge, zeta potential, surface charge density, particle size and moisture content. Batch adsorption isotherm experiments indicated that the Freundlich model described the isothermal adsorption behavior of arsenic species notably well. The results indicated that the adsorption capacity of DFH in deionized ultrapure water, applying a residual equilibrium concentration of 10 µg/L at the equilibrium pH value of 7.9 ± 0.1, with a contact time of 96 h (i.e., Q10), was 6.9 and 3.5 µg/mg for As(V) and As(III), respectively, whereas the measured adsorption capacity of the conventionally used Granular Ferric Hydroxide (GFH), under similar conditions, was found to be 2.1 and 1.4 µg/mg for As(V) and As(III), respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption of arsenic species onto DFH in a Hamburg tap water matrix, as well as in an NSF challenge water matrix, was found to be significantly lower. The lowest recorded adsorption capacity at the same equilibrium concentration was 3.2 µg As(V)/mg and 1.1 µg As(III)/mg for the NSF water. Batch adsorption kinetics experiments were also conducted to study the impact of a water matrix on the behavior of removal kinetics for As(V) and As(III) species by DFH, and the respective data were best fitted to the second order kinetic model. The outcomes of this study confirm that the small sized iron oxide-based material, being a by-product of the production process of GFH adsorbent, has significant potential to be used for the adsorptive removal of arsenic species from water, especially when this material can be combined with the subsequent application of low-pressure membrane filtration/separation in a hybrid water treatment process.
Muhammad Usman; Ioannis Katsoyiannis; Manassis Mitrakas; Anastasios Zouboulis; Mathias Ernst. Performance Evaluation of Small Sized Powdered Ferric Hydroxide as Arsenic Adsorbent. Water 2018, 10, 957 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman, Ioannis Katsoyiannis, Manassis Mitrakas, Anastasios Zouboulis, Mathias Ernst. Performance Evaluation of Small Sized Powdered Ferric Hydroxide as Arsenic Adsorbent. Water. 2018; 10 (7):957.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman; Ioannis Katsoyiannis; Manassis Mitrakas; Anastasios Zouboulis; Mathias Ernst. 2018. "Performance Evaluation of Small Sized Powdered Ferric Hydroxide as Arsenic Adsorbent." Water 10, no. 7: 957.
Rain gauge data suffers from spatial errors because of precipitation variability within short distances and due to sparse or irregular network. Use of interpolation is often unreliable to evaluate due to the aforementioned irregular sparse networks. This study is carried out in the Nette River catchment of Lower Saxony to alleviate the problem of using gauge data to measure the performance of interpolation. Radar precipitation data was extracted in the positions of 53 rain gauge stations, which are distributed throughout the range of the weather surveillance radar (WSR). Since radar data traditionally suffers from temporal errors, it was corrected using the Mean Field Bias (MFB) method by utilizing the rain gauge data and then further used as the reference precipitation in the study. The performances of Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and Ordinary Kriging (OK) interpolation methods by means of cross validation were assessed. Evaluation of the effect of the gauge densities on HBV-IWW hydrological model was achieved by comparing the simulated discharges for the two interpolation methods and corresponding densities against the simulated discharge of the reference precipitation data. Interpolation performance in winter was much better than summer for both interpolation methods. Furthermore, Ordinary Kriging performed marginally better than Inverse Distance Weighting in both seasons. In case of areal precipitation, progressive improvement in performance with increase in gauge density for both interpolation methods was observed, but Inverse Distance Weighting was found more consistent up to higher densities. Comparison showed that Ordinary Kriging outperformed Inverse Distance Weighting only up to 70% density, beyond which the performance is equal. The hydrological modelling results are similar to that of areal precipitation except that for both methods, there was no improvement in performance beyond the 50% gauge density.
George Andiego; Muhammad Waseem; Muhammad Usman; Nithish Mani. The Influence of Rain Gauge Network Density on the Performance of a Hydrological Model. Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2018, 07, 27 -50.
AMA StyleGeorge Andiego, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Usman, Nithish Mani. The Influence of Rain Gauge Network Density on the Performance of a Hydrological Model. Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering. 2018; 07 (01):27-50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGeorge Andiego; Muhammad Waseem; Muhammad Usman; Nithish Mani. 2018. "The Influence of Rain Gauge Network Density on the Performance of a Hydrological Model." Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 07, no. 01: 27-50.