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Sarah Nicholls
Swansea University

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Journal article
Published: 28 February 2021 in International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning
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Sustainability has become a common term in the lexicon of most tourism scholars and many industry professionals. Yet active infusion of sustainability thinking and initiatives in practice remains less consistent. This exploratory study investigates awareness and understanding of, and engagement with, sustainability concepts and practices by those involved in – or having the ability to influence – tourism planning. A survey of tourism office directors and planners reveals limited and divergent understanding of the basic underlying characteristics of sustainability amongst these two critical stakeholders groups, both of which are core to the planning, development, marketing and management of tourism. Findings suggest the need for continued effort to translate the huge volume of sustainability-focused tourism research into terms and formats more digestible by industry professionals, as well as opportunities for local entities to take the lead in bringing diverse stakeholders together to drive a greater emphasis on sustainability within their communities.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls. Embedding Sustainability into the Tourism Planning Process: Evidence from Michigan. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 2021, 16, 49 -59.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls. Embedding Sustainability into the Tourism Planning Process: Evidence from Michigan. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 2021; 16 (1):49-59.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls. 2021. "Embedding Sustainability into the Tourism Planning Process: Evidence from Michigan." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 1: 49-59.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2021 in Welsh Economic Review
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ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls; Kate Organ; Beth Cummings. Planning for sustainable tourism development in Wales: an analysis of destination management plans. Welsh Economic Review 2021, 28, 23 .

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls, Kate Organ, Beth Cummings. Planning for sustainable tourism development in Wales: an analysis of destination management plans. Welsh Economic Review. 2021; 28 ():23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls; Kate Organ; Beth Cummings. 2021. "Planning for sustainable tourism development in Wales: an analysis of destination management plans." Welsh Economic Review 28, no. : 23.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2020 in International Journal of Hospitality Management
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The adoption of green initiatives is attracting increasing attention among tourism providers and researchers. One important dimension of travellers’ environmental concern is their willingness to pay higher rates for green travel products. This study determines the association between pro-environmental attitudes and beliefs, and willingness to pay a higher room rate at a green lodging facility. A survey of 388 travellers in Michigan, USA, revealed a positive relationship between environmental concern (measured using the New Environmental Paradigm scale) and willingness to pay for a green hotel room. Income was the only one of a series of socioeconomic, demographic and travel pattern variables to reach statistical significance. Additional evidence regarding consumer attitudes towards and concomitant behaviours with respect to travel and the environment is vital to the broader consideration of the sustainability of the tourism and hospitality sectors. Understanding of willingness to pay for green practices has important marketing and management implications.

ACS Style

Sanghoon Kang; Sarah Nicholls. Determinants of willingness to pay to stay at a green lodging facility. International Journal of Hospitality Management 2020, 94, 102834 .

AMA Style

Sanghoon Kang, Sarah Nicholls. Determinants of willingness to pay to stay at a green lodging facility. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 2020; 94 ():102834.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanghoon Kang; Sarah Nicholls. 2020. "Determinants of willingness to pay to stay at a green lodging facility." International Journal of Hospitality Management 94, no. : 102834.

Articles
Published: 18 June 2019 in Leisure Sciences
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Though one of the most commonly employed analysis techniques in the leisure literature, multiple regression and, in particular, the ordinary least squares (OLS) approach are subject to a number of critical assumptions, violation of which threaten the efficiency and validity of OLS findings. This article demonstrates the utility of an alternative approach, geographically weighted regression (GWR), a local form of linear regression that can be used to model spatially varying relationships and accounts for the spatial effects of heterogeneity (nonstationarity) and dependence (autocorrelation) in data. The small number of leisure studies that have employed GWR is reviewed, with a focus on the relative performance of the two approaches; GWR is shown to be superior to OLS in every case where the appropriate comparison was conducted. Other areas to which GWR could usefully be applied are suggested, and limitations of GWR are acknowledged.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls; Jinwon Kim. Spatial Is Special: The Need to Consider Spatial Effects in Leisure Research. Leisure Sciences 2019, 1 -21.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls, Jinwon Kim. Spatial Is Special: The Need to Consider Spatial Effects in Leisure Research. Leisure Sciences. 2019; ():1-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls; Jinwon Kim. 2019. "Spatial Is Special: The Need to Consider Spatial Effects in Leisure Research." Leisure Sciences , no. : 1-21.

Review
Published: 03 June 2019 in Journal of Environmental Management
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The global environment is susceptible to many types of change, including alterations to the world's climate. Climate change has been linked to a host of modifications to the natural environment, including the increasing frequency and severity of disturbances such as pest outbreaks, invasions by non-native species, and wildfire. These in turn pose substantial risks to human wellbeing and health. Estimates of the direct and indirect costs of these events are important prerequisites to well-rounded cost-benefit analyses of preventative or control measures, themselves essential components of appropriate education, policy and management responses. This review brings together the evidence with respect to the impacts of disturbances such as pests, invasive species and wildfire on residential property values as measured using the hedonic pricing method. It demonstrates that whilst most disturbances have the expected negative or an insignificant house price impact, in some cases disturbances can lead to housing price rise. The possible causes and implications of these unanticipated positive price responses are discussed. Broader consequences of all directions of price impact are also considered, in particular for the development and implementation of polices designed to prevent the occurrence or spread of disturbances, or at a minimum mitigate their negative effects.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls. Impacts of environmental disturbances on housing prices: A review of the hedonic pricing literature. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 246, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls. Impacts of environmental disturbances on housing prices: A review of the hedonic pricing literature. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 246 ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls. 2019. "Impacts of environmental disturbances on housing prices: A review of the hedonic pricing literature." Journal of Environmental Management 246, no. : 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Journal of International Students
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Competition to attract international students continues to grow and understanding the factors that influence study destination choice is critical to the marketing efforts of nations, states, and institutions. This surveybased study of international students at Michigan State University demonstrates that they appear to choose the country in which to study, and/or the specific school, with less regard for school location. The most critical influences on their choices were expected quality of education, reputation/ranking of the university and individual departments/programs, safety/security, and cost/affordability. Differences in relative importance by nationality, gender, and level of education sought were also identified. Implications of these findings, for the marketing, promotion, and recruitment efforts of universities and national/regional economic development agencies, are discussed.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls. Influences on International Student Choice of Study Destination: Evidence from the United States. Journal of International Students 2018, 8, 597 -622.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls. Influences on International Student Choice of Study Destination: Evidence from the United States. Journal of International Students. 2018; 8 (2):597-622.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls. 2018. "Influences on International Student Choice of Study Destination: Evidence from the United States." Journal of International Students 8, no. 2: 597-622.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management
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Water is arguably the world's most critical resource, although its aesthetic and recreational functions typically receive less attention than its consumptive uses. Views of, and access to, attractive water resources are capitalized into property prices in the form of sales price and rental premiums, measured since the 1970s with the hedonic pricing technique. This study synthesizes the evidence to date with respect to the value of lakes and reservoirs as aesthetic and recreational resources to nearby residents. Findings are reported relating to the effects of scenic views of, and proximity, to reservoirs and large artificial lakes, the North American Great Lakes, and other smaller inland lakes. Of the 44 distinct reviewed studies that included tests of statistical significance, only two failed to produce any significant findings in the directions anticipated (i.e., a positive impact of water frontage or view and/or negative impact of increasing distance). Improvements in methodological approaches—from early studies employing anecdotal observation and visual comparison to more recent investigations employing advanced geographical information systems and rigorous spatially explicit regression techniques—are traced. The potential implications of climate variability and changes for property values are addressed, as is the growing movement towards the adoption of green infrastructure. The need to consider changes to aesthetic and recreational values, in addition to outcomes for more traditional consumptive uses during cost–benefit analyses associated with proposed (re)developments, is emphasized.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls; John L. Crompton. The contribution of scenic views of, and proximity to, lakes and reservoirs to property values. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management 2018, 23, 63 -78.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls, John L. Crompton. The contribution of scenic views of, and proximity to, lakes and reservoirs to property values. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management. 2018; 23 (1):63-78.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls; John L. Crompton. 2018. "The contribution of scenic views of, and proximity to, lakes and reservoirs to property values." Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management 23, no. 1: 63-78.

Review
Published: 13 February 2018 in Sustainability
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The desirability of living on or close to water is reflected in sometimes substantial property price premiums. Water quality has an important influence on property prices, since it impacts a water body’s appearance, capacity to support wildlife, and recreational potential. As water quality continues to be altered by human use and activity, and in light of new threats posed by projected climate and associated environmental change, understanding the impact of changing quality on property prices, and the associated property tax base, is paramount. This paper reviews the body of evidence on this topic to date. Of the 43 distinct studies represented in the 48 publications reviewed, the expected, statistically significant relationship between water quality and property price was demonstrated in at least one of the models developed in all but two studies. As a whole, they provide convincing evidence that clean water has a positive effect on property values.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls; John Crompton. A Comprehensive Review of the Evidence of the Impact of Surface Water Quality on Property Values. Sustainability 2018, 10, 500 .

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls, John Crompton. A Comprehensive Review of the Evidence of the Impact of Surface Water Quality on Property Values. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls; John Crompton. 2018. "A Comprehensive Review of the Evidence of the Impact of Surface Water Quality on Property Values." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 500.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2018 in Journal of Physical Activity and Health
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ACS Style

Lowri C. Edwards; Richard Tyler; Dylan Blain; Anna Bryant; Neil Canham; Lauren Carter-Davies; Cain Clark; Tim Evans; Ceri Greenall; Julie Hobday; Anwen Jones; Marianne Mannello; Emily Marchant; Maggie Miller; Graham Moore; Kelly Morgan; Sarah Nicholls; Chris Roberts; Michael Sheldrick; Karen Thompson; Nalda Wainwright; Malcolm Ward; Simon Williams; Gareth Stratton. Results From Wales’ 2018 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2018, 15, S430 -S432.

AMA Style

Lowri C. Edwards, Richard Tyler, Dylan Blain, Anna Bryant, Neil Canham, Lauren Carter-Davies, Cain Clark, Tim Evans, Ceri Greenall, Julie Hobday, Anwen Jones, Marianne Mannello, Emily Marchant, Maggie Miller, Graham Moore, Kelly Morgan, Sarah Nicholls, Chris Roberts, Michael Sheldrick, Karen Thompson, Nalda Wainwright, Malcolm Ward, Simon Williams, Gareth Stratton. Results From Wales’ 2018 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2018; 15 (s2):S430-S432.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lowri C. Edwards; Richard Tyler; Dylan Blain; Anna Bryant; Neil Canham; Lauren Carter-Davies; Cain Clark; Tim Evans; Ceri Greenall; Julie Hobday; Anwen Jones; Marianne Mannello; Emily Marchant; Maggie Miller; Graham Moore; Kelly Morgan; Sarah Nicholls; Chris Roberts; Michael Sheldrick; Karen Thompson; Nalda Wainwright; Malcolm Ward; Simon Williams; Gareth Stratton. 2018. "Results From Wales’ 2018 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 15, no. s2: S430-S432.

Article
Published: 22 September 2017 in River Research and Applications
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Rivers, streams, and canals support a variety of critical agricultural, industrial, transportation, ecological, and household uses. They also provide important aesthetic, recreational, and sociocultural benefits. This review paper synthesizes the evidence to date regarding the value of these linear water features as aesthetic and recreational resources to adjacent and nearby residents. Specifically, it summarizes 25 studies that have used the hedonic pricing method to calculate the effects of views of and proximity to rivers, streams, and canals on surrounding residential property values. The majority of studies indicated that significant positive property price effects are associated with river, stream, and canal view and proximity, though these effects appear less definitive in rural than urban settings. Implications of the body of evidence for planning, management, and development are discussed, and potential effects of climate change and diversion policies are highlighted. Improvements in measurement facilitated by advanced geographic information systems and rigorous spatially explicit regression techniques are noted.

ACS Style

S. Nicholls; J. L. Crompton. The effect of rivers, streams, and canals on property values. River Research and Applications 2017, 33, 1377 -1386.

AMA Style

S. Nicholls, J. L. Crompton. The effect of rivers, streams, and canals on property values. River Research and Applications. 2017; 33 (9):1377-1386.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Nicholls; J. L. Crompton. 2017. "The effect of rivers, streams, and canals on property values." River Research and Applications 33, no. 9: 1377-1386.

Journal article
Published: 13 July 2017 in Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
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ACS Style

Jinwon Kim; Sarah Nicholls. Access for all? Beach access and equity in the Detroit metropolitan area. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2017, 61, 1137 -1161.

AMA Style

Jinwon Kim, Sarah Nicholls. Access for all? Beach access and equity in the Detroit metropolitan area. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. 2017; 61 (7):1137-1161.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinwon Kim; Sarah Nicholls. 2017. "Access for all? Beach access and equity in the Detroit metropolitan area." Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 61, no. 7: 1137-1161.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability
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ACS Style

Bas Amelung; Jillian Student; Sarah Nicholls; Machiel Lamers; Rodolfo Baggio; Inês Boavida-Portugal; Peter Johnson; Eline De Jong; Gert Jan Hofstede; Marc Pons; Robert Steiger; Stefano Balbi. The value of agent-based modelling for assessing tourism–environment interactions in the Anthropocene. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2016, 23, 46 -53.

AMA Style

Bas Amelung, Jillian Student, Sarah Nicholls, Machiel Lamers, Rodolfo Baggio, Inês Boavida-Portugal, Peter Johnson, Eline De Jong, Gert Jan Hofstede, Marc Pons, Robert Steiger, Stefano Balbi. The value of agent-based modelling for assessing tourism–environment interactions in the Anthropocene. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 2016; 23 ():46-53.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bas Amelung; Jillian Student; Sarah Nicholls; Machiel Lamers; Rodolfo Baggio; Inês Boavida-Portugal; Peter Johnson; Eline De Jong; Gert Jan Hofstede; Marc Pons; Robert Steiger; Stefano Balbi. 2016. "The value of agent-based modelling for assessing tourism–environment interactions in the Anthropocene." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 23, no. : 46-53.

Research article
Published: 04 August 2016 in Journal of Travel Research
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Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a way of representing complex systems of autonomous agents or actors, and of simulating the multiple potential outcomes of these agents’ behaviors and interactions in the form of a range of alternatives or futures. Despite the complexity of the tourism system, and the power and flexibility of ABM to overcome the assumptions such as homogeneity, linearity, equilibrium, and rationality typical of traditional modeling techniques, ABM has received little attention from tourism researchers and practitioners. The purpose of this paper is to introduce ABM to a wider tourism audience. Specifically, the appropriateness of tourism as a phenomenon to be subjected to ABM is established; the power and benefits of ABM as an alternative scientific mechanism are illuminated; the few existing applications of ABM in the tourism arena are summarized; and, a range of potential applications in the areas of tourism planning, development, marketing and management is proposed.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls; Bas Amelung; Jillian Student. Agent-Based Modeling. Journal of Travel Research 2016, 56, 3 -15.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls, Bas Amelung, Jillian Student. Agent-Based Modeling. Journal of Travel Research. 2016; 56 (1):3-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls; Bas Amelung; Jillian Student. 2016. "Agent-Based Modeling." Journal of Travel Research 56, no. 1: 3-15.

Research letters
Published: 08 May 2016 in Current Issues in Tourism
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Agent-based modelling (ABM) is an emerging approach in tourism research. Despite the natural fit between theories of tourism as a complex, interconnected system, and the generative approach supported in ABM, there has been only limited integration within mainstream tourism research. This research letter reports on a recent gathering of tourism ABM researchers to define the main challenges that face the adoption of ABM in tourism research. These include technical, communications, and novelty issues. In response to these challenges, three potential strategies to ease adoption are outlined: education, awareness, and interdisciplinary teams. These findings are framed as a call for increased attention to the fit of ABM within tourism research, and a framework for negotiating constraints to adoption of this technology.

ACS Style

Peter Johnson; Sarah Nicholls; Jillian Student; Bas Amelung; Rodolfo Baggio; Stefano Balbi; Ines Boavida-Portugal; Eline De Jong; Gert Jan Hofstede; Machiel Lamers; Marc Pons; Robert Steiger. Easing the adoption of agent-based modelling (ABM) in tourism research. Current Issues in Tourism 2016, 20, 801 -808.

AMA Style

Peter Johnson, Sarah Nicholls, Jillian Student, Bas Amelung, Rodolfo Baggio, Stefano Balbi, Ines Boavida-Portugal, Eline De Jong, Gert Jan Hofstede, Machiel Lamers, Marc Pons, Robert Steiger. Easing the adoption of agent-based modelling (ABM) in tourism research. Current Issues in Tourism. 2016; 20 (8):801-808.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Johnson; Sarah Nicholls; Jillian Student; Bas Amelung; Rodolfo Baggio; Stefano Balbi; Ines Boavida-Portugal; Eline De Jong; Gert Jan Hofstede; Machiel Lamers; Marc Pons; Robert Steiger. 2016. "Easing the adoption of agent-based modelling (ABM) in tourism research." Current Issues in Tourism 20, no. 8: 801-808.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2016 in Journal of Leisure Research
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Assessing levels of equity inherent in the distributions of the public open spaces that they manage is an important responsibility of park and recreation agencies. Multivariate regression offers one way of conducting such assessments. However, traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) techniques fail to explore important local variations in relationships among variables. This study explored the utility of geographically weighted regression (GWR) in an equity analysis of public beaches in the Detroit Metropolitan Area. The GWR models exhibited substantial improvements in model performance over the OLS models. GWR offers public leisure agencies a powerful technique through which to better understand local patterns of access and equity, ultimately leading to the formulation of more effective and efficient recreation planning and management policies.

ACS Style

Jinwon Kim; Sarah Nicholls. Using Geographically Weighted Regression to Explore the Equity of Public Open Space Distributions. Journal of Leisure Research 2016, 48, 105 -133.

AMA Style

Jinwon Kim, Sarah Nicholls. Using Geographically Weighted Regression to Explore the Equity of Public Open Space Distributions. Journal of Leisure Research. 2016; 48 (2):105-133.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinwon Kim; Sarah Nicholls. 2016. "Using Geographically Weighted Regression to Explore the Equity of Public Open Space Distributions." Journal of Leisure Research 48, no. 2: 105-133.

Original articles
Published: 05 February 2016 in Leisure Sciences
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Residents’ recreation behavior is highly influenced by their level of access to recreation opportunities. Distance is an important component of access. The purpose of this study was to measure levels of access to public beaches in the Detroit Metropolitan Area (DMA) using four travel distances (1, 6, 10, and 20 miles) and three access measures (minimum distance, travel cost, and covering), with the intent of demonstrating the sensitivity of findings to both the distance and measure employed. Findings indicate that while public beaches are geographically accessible for a majority of the DMA population within 20 miles according to all access measures, at distances less than 20 miles level of access varies substantially with the access measure used. Future access studies should consider a range of travel distances rather than the single distance typical of most prior analyses and should also be sensitive to the differentials produced by the access measure employed.

ACS Style

Jinwon Kim; Sarah Nicholls. Influence of the measurement of distance on assessment of recreation access. Leisure Sciences 2016, 38, 118 -139.

AMA Style

Jinwon Kim, Sarah Nicholls. Influence of the measurement of distance on assessment of recreation access. Leisure Sciences. 2016; 38 (2):118-139.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinwon Kim; Sarah Nicholls. 2016. "Influence of the measurement of distance on assessment of recreation access." Leisure Sciences 38, no. 2: 118-139.

Articles
Published: 02 March 2015 in Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
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In many rural regions, including those of the Nordic region, a former dependence on primary activities such as fishing, forestry, mining and/or agriculture has been superseded in recent decades by increasing involvement in the tourism sector. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential implications of climate change for non-winter rural tourism in the Nordic region. Using the Tourism Climatic Index as an analytical tool, the paper highlights the range of potential conditions for outdoor tourism activity for three future time periods (the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s) under two scenarios of climate change (B1A and A1F). Findings suggest the possibility of substantially longer periods of desirable climatic conditions in future decades, particularly in the southern and eastern portions of the region. Implications of the findings are discussed in the context of the adaptive capacity of various tourism actors (tourists, providers and government) and in light of the particular vulnerabilities and assets of rural communities. The need for an integrated and multilevel approach that recognises the importance of the efficient coordination and integration of resources, products and services across multiple actor boundaries and levels is stressed.

ACS Style

Sarah Nicholls; Bas Amelung. Implications of Climate Change for Rural Tourism in the Nordic Region. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2015, 15, 48 -72.

AMA Style

Sarah Nicholls, Bas Amelung. Implications of Climate Change for Rural Tourism in the Nordic Region. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2015; 15 (1-2):48-72.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Nicholls; Bas Amelung. 2015. "Implications of Climate Change for Rural Tourism in the Nordic Region." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 15, no. 1-2: 48-72.

Short communication
Published: 05 October 2014 in Tourism Management
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Shani and Arad (2014) claimed that tourism scholars tend to endorse the most pessimistic assessments regarding climate change, and that anthropogenic climate change was a “fashionable” and “highly controversial scientific topic”. This brief rejoinder provides the balance that is missing from such climate change denial and skepticism studies on climate change and tourism. Recent research provides substantial evidence that reports on anthropogenic climate change are accurate, and that human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, including from the tourism industry, play a significant role in climate change. Some positive net effects may be experienced by some destinations in the short-term, but in the long-term all elements of the tourism system will be impacted. The expansion of tourism emissions at a rate greater than efficiency gains means that it is increasingly urgent that the tourism sector acknowledge, accept and respond to climate change. Debate on tourism-related adaptation and mitigation measures is to be encouraged and welcomed. Climate change denial is not.

ACS Style

C. Michael Hall; Bas Amelung; Scott Cohen; Eke Eijgelaar; Stefan Gössling; James Higham; Rik Leemans; Paul Peeters; Yael Ram; Daniel Scott; Carlo Aall; Bruno Abegg; Jorge E. Araña; Stewart Barr; Susanne Becken; Ralf Buckley; Peter Burns; Tim Coles; Jackie Dawson; Rouven Doran; Ghislain Dubois; David Timothy Duval; David Fennell; Alison M. Gill; Martin Gren; Werner Gronau; Jo Guiver; Debbie Hopkins; Edward H. Huijbens; Ko Koens; Machiel Lamers; Christopher Lemieux; Alan Lew; Patrick Long; Frans W. Melissen; Jeroen Nawijn; Sarah Nicholls; Jan-Henrik Nilsson; Robin Nunkoo; Alan Pomering; Arianne C. Reis; Dirk Reiser; Robert B. Richardson; Christian M. Rogerson; Jarkko Saarinen; Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir; Robert Steiger; Paul Upham; Sander van der Linden; Gustav Visser; Geoffrey Wall; David Weaver. No time for smokescreen skepticism: A rejoinder to Shani and Arad. Tourism Management 2014, 47, 341 -347.

AMA Style

C. Michael Hall, Bas Amelung, Scott Cohen, Eke Eijgelaar, Stefan Gössling, James Higham, Rik Leemans, Paul Peeters, Yael Ram, Daniel Scott, Carlo Aall, Bruno Abegg, Jorge E. Araña, Stewart Barr, Susanne Becken, Ralf Buckley, Peter Burns, Tim Coles, Jackie Dawson, Rouven Doran, Ghislain Dubois, David Timothy Duval, David Fennell, Alison M. Gill, Martin Gren, Werner Gronau, Jo Guiver, Debbie Hopkins, Edward H. Huijbens, Ko Koens, Machiel Lamers, Christopher Lemieux, Alan Lew, Patrick Long, Frans W. Melissen, Jeroen Nawijn, Sarah Nicholls, Jan-Henrik Nilsson, Robin Nunkoo, Alan Pomering, Arianne C. Reis, Dirk Reiser, Robert B. Richardson, Christian M. Rogerson, Jarkko Saarinen, Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir, Robert Steiger, Paul Upham, Sander van der Linden, Gustav Visser, Geoffrey Wall, David Weaver. No time for smokescreen skepticism: A rejoinder to Shani and Arad. Tourism Management. 2014; 47 ():341-347.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. Michael Hall; Bas Amelung; Scott Cohen; Eke Eijgelaar; Stefan Gössling; James Higham; Rik Leemans; Paul Peeters; Yael Ram; Daniel Scott; Carlo Aall; Bruno Abegg; Jorge E. Araña; Stewart Barr; Susanne Becken; Ralf Buckley; Peter Burns; Tim Coles; Jackie Dawson; Rouven Doran; Ghislain Dubois; David Timothy Duval; David Fennell; Alison M. Gill; Martin Gren; Werner Gronau; Jo Guiver; Debbie Hopkins; Edward H. Huijbens; Ko Koens; Machiel Lamers; Christopher Lemieux; Alan Lew; Patrick Long; Frans W. Melissen; Jeroen Nawijn; Sarah Nicholls; Jan-Henrik Nilsson; Robin Nunkoo; Alan Pomering; Arianne C. Reis; Dirk Reiser; Robert B. Richardson; Christian M. Rogerson; Jarkko Saarinen; Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir; Robert Steiger; Paul Upham; Sander van der Linden; Gustav Visser; Geoffrey Wall; David Weaver. 2014. "No time for smokescreen skepticism: A rejoinder to Shani and Arad." Tourism Management 47, no. : 341-347.

Short communication
Published: 30 September 2014 in Tourism Management
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This final response to the two climate change denial papers by Shani and Arad further highlights the inaccuracies, misinformation and errors in their commentaries. The obfuscation of scientific research and the consensus on anthropogenic climate change may have significant long-term negative consequences for better understanding the implications of climate change and climate policy for tourism and create confusion and delay in developing and implementing tourism sector responses.

ACS Style

C. Michael Hall; Bas Amelung; Scott Cohen; Eke Eijgelaar; Stefan Gössling; James Higham; Rik Leemans; Paul Peeters; Yael Ram; Daniel Scott; Carlo Aall; Bruno Abegg; Jorge E. Araña; Stewart Barr; Susanne Becken; Ralf Buckley; Peter Burns; Tim Coles; Jackie Dawson; Rouven Doran; Ghislain Dubois; David Timothy Duval; David Fennell; Alison M. Gill; Martin Gren; Werner Gronau; Jo Guiver; Debbie Hopkins; Edward H. Huijbens; Ko Koens; Machiel Lamers; Christopher Lemieux; Alan Lew; Patrick Long; Frans W. Melissen; Jeroen Nawijn; Sarah Nicholls; Jan-Henrik Nilsson; Robin Nunkoo; Alan Pomering; Arianne Reis; Dirk Reiser; Robert Richardson; Christian M. Rogerson; Jarkko Saarinen; Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir; Robert Steiger; Paul Upham; Sander van der Linden; Gustav Visser; Geoffrey Wall; David Weaver. Denying bogus skepticism in climate change and tourism research. Tourism Management 2014, 47, 352 -356.

AMA Style

C. Michael Hall, Bas Amelung, Scott Cohen, Eke Eijgelaar, Stefan Gössling, James Higham, Rik Leemans, Paul Peeters, Yael Ram, Daniel Scott, Carlo Aall, Bruno Abegg, Jorge E. Araña, Stewart Barr, Susanne Becken, Ralf Buckley, Peter Burns, Tim Coles, Jackie Dawson, Rouven Doran, Ghislain Dubois, David Timothy Duval, David Fennell, Alison M. Gill, Martin Gren, Werner Gronau, Jo Guiver, Debbie Hopkins, Edward H. Huijbens, Ko Koens, Machiel Lamers, Christopher Lemieux, Alan Lew, Patrick Long, Frans W. Melissen, Jeroen Nawijn, Sarah Nicholls, Jan-Henrik Nilsson, Robin Nunkoo, Alan Pomering, Arianne Reis, Dirk Reiser, Robert Richardson, Christian M. Rogerson, Jarkko Saarinen, Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir, Robert Steiger, Paul Upham, Sander van der Linden, Gustav Visser, Geoffrey Wall, David Weaver. Denying bogus skepticism in climate change and tourism research. Tourism Management. 2014; 47 ():352-356.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. Michael Hall; Bas Amelung; Scott Cohen; Eke Eijgelaar; Stefan Gössling; James Higham; Rik Leemans; Paul Peeters; Yael Ram; Daniel Scott; Carlo Aall; Bruno Abegg; Jorge E. Araña; Stewart Barr; Susanne Becken; Ralf Buckley; Peter Burns; Tim Coles; Jackie Dawson; Rouven Doran; Ghislain Dubois; David Timothy Duval; David Fennell; Alison M. Gill; Martin Gren; Werner Gronau; Jo Guiver; Debbie Hopkins; Edward H. Huijbens; Ko Koens; Machiel Lamers; Christopher Lemieux; Alan Lew; Patrick Long; Frans W. Melissen; Jeroen Nawijn; Sarah Nicholls; Jan-Henrik Nilsson; Robin Nunkoo; Alan Pomering; Arianne Reis; Dirk Reiser; Robert Richardson; Christian M. Rogerson; Jarkko Saarinen; Anna Dóra Sæþórsdóttir; Robert Steiger; Paul Upham; Sander van der Linden; Gustav Visser; Geoffrey Wall; David Weaver. 2014. "Denying bogus skepticism in climate change and tourism research." Tourism Management 47, no. : 352-356.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2014 in Tourism Management
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ACS Style

Bas Amelung; Sarah Nicholls. Implications of climate change for tourism in Australia. Tourism Management 2014, 41, 228 -244.

AMA Style

Bas Amelung, Sarah Nicholls. Implications of climate change for tourism in Australia. Tourism Management. 2014; 41 ():228-244.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bas Amelung; Sarah Nicholls. 2014. "Implications of climate change for tourism in Australia." Tourism Management 41, no. : 228-244.