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Ioannis M. Kourtis
Centre for the Assessment of Natural Hazards and Proactive Planning & Laboratory of Reclamation Works and Water Resources Management, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University οf Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece

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Review
Published: 28 January 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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The present work reviews the main challenges regarding adaptation of urban drainage networks to climate change by comparing 32 case studies from 29 articles, published between 2003 and 2020. The aim is to: (i) identify the state-of-the-art scientific approaches of adaptation of urban drainage networks to climate change; (ii) assess whether or not these approaches incorporated monetization of the adaptation practices and the associated costs/benefits; and (iii) define a novel approach (Blueprint) for the future development and assessment of urban drainage network adaptation to climate change and other drivers. First, the motivation is provided that makes urban drainage adaptation a globally relevant issue. Second, the main impacts of climate change on precipitation, flooding and urban drainage systems are discussed. Then, current practices are described. Finally, a blueprint for an integrated urban adaptation framework to climate change and other drivers is proposed. Our research indicated that future quantity and quality of urban runoff is not widely addressed in the scientific literature. The Storm Water Management Model is the most widely used software in modeling adaptation options. Solutions such as plans of maintenance and rehabilitation, public awareness, flood forecasting and warning, mobility measures and insurance measures are not widely reflected in the literature. Uncertainties of climate projections and bias correction methods are still significant, and uncertainties of socio-economic scenarios, hydrologic and hydrodynamic models, and adaptation options are not fully addressed. Finally, environmental cost and benefits associated with the ecosystem services provided by the adaptation options are not fully addressed.

ACS Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis. Adaptation of urban drainage networks to climate change: A review. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 771, 145431 .

AMA Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis, Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis. Adaptation of urban drainage networks to climate change: A review. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 771 ():145431.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis. 2021. "Adaptation of urban drainage networks to climate change: A review." Science of The Total Environment 771, no. : 145431.

Journal article
Published: 27 May 2020 in Journal of Environmental Management
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An integrated methodological framework for assessing different flood mitigation measures in urban catchments is presented. The framework comprises hydrologic, hydraulic and economic indices aiming at quantifying the effect of different alternatives regarding flood hazard mitigation. The alternatives evaluated include both conventional drainage solutions and low impact development measures. The conventional drainage solutions were: (i) off-line detention tanks; and (ii) sewer enlargement. The low impact development measures included: (i) green roofs (GR); and (ii) permeable surfaces (PS). Each solution was modeled using SWMM5 with respect to flood reduction effectiveness, and the results were compared to those of the existing condition (i.e., no flood mitigation measures). All the examined solutions were also compared based on their construction and operation and maintenance costs for a typical lifespan (i.e., 30 years). The results of the simulation revealed that both low impact development measures and conventional drainage solutions were highly effective even for storm events with low probability of occurrence. However, sewer enlargement was found to be the best alternative from an economic perspective. Nevertheless, peak at the sewer exit increased and time to peak remained unchanged; as a result, local flooding problems are resolved but downstream flooding problems may be introduced. If other criteria are considered, i.e., traffic obstruction, noise, construction easiness, co-benefits and downstream impacts, low impact development measures become more attractive compared to conventional drainage solutions.

ACS Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis; Evangelos Baltas. A robust approach for comparing conventional and sustainable flood mitigation measures in urban basins. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 269, 110822 .

AMA Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis, Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis, Evangelos Baltas. A robust approach for comparing conventional and sustainable flood mitigation measures in urban basins. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 269 ():110822.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis; Evangelos Baltas. 2020. "A robust approach for comparing conventional and sustainable flood mitigation measures in urban basins." Journal of Environmental Management 269, no. : 110822.

Original paper
Published: 05 March 2020 in Natural Hazards
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In this paper, the catastrophic flash flood event which occurred in the western part of Attica (Greece) in November 2017 is reconstructed. The flood event hit the town of Mandra, causing 24 fatalities and huge damages in the properties and the infrastructure. The flood hydrograph was derived using the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model FLOW-R2D. Attention was drawn on the uncertainties of the model output due to the uncertainty of the estimated parameters such as infiltration, friction and the uncertainty of input data. Due to the computational burden related to the model, a global sensitivity analysis based on Morris method was performed. Then, a Monte Carlo-based uncertainty analysis was performed on the two most influential factors. It was concluded that even the results of the physically based hydrodynamic models are characterised by uncertainties. However, the capability of the hydrodynamic models to describe in detail the dynamics of the overland flow is the main advantage of these models against the conventional hydrological models. It is concluded that the rational use of physically based models for analysing complex storm phenomena with high variable spatial and temporal distribution can lead to a more accurate range of magnitudes of flood peak.

ACS Style

Vasilis Bellos; Ino Papageorgaki; Ioannis Kourtis; Harris Vangelis; Ioannis Kalogiros; George Tsakiris. Reconstruction of a flash flood event using a 2D hydrodynamic model under spatial and temporal variability of storm. Natural Hazards 2020, 101, 711 -726.

AMA Style

Vasilis Bellos, Ino Papageorgaki, Ioannis Kourtis, Harris Vangelis, Ioannis Kalogiros, George Tsakiris. Reconstruction of a flash flood event using a 2D hydrodynamic model under spatial and temporal variability of storm. Natural Hazards. 2020; 101 (3):711-726.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasilis Bellos; Ino Papageorgaki; Ioannis Kourtis; Harris Vangelis; Ioannis Kalogiros; George Tsakiris. 2020. "Reconstruction of a flash flood event using a 2D hydrodynamic model under spatial and temporal variability of storm." Natural Hazards 101, no. 3: 711-726.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2019 in Water
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Five different water resource management scenarios are examined on eight dry islands of the Aegean Sea in Greece, pitting the current practice of water hauling via ship against alternative water supply schemes in delivering a sustainable solution for meeting water demand. The first scenario employs current water supply practices along with the operation of domestic rainwater harvesting systems. Desalinated water, provided through the operation of wind-powered desalination plants, is considered the main source of potable water in the rest of scenarios. Wind-powered desalination may be combined with rainwater harvesting as a supplementary source of water and/or seawater pumping and an additional source of energy that is supplied to the system. All different alternatives are evaluated for a 30-year lifespan, and an optimal solution is proposed for each island, based on a life cycle cost (LCC) analysis. The performance of this solution is then assessed under six climate change (CC) scenarios in terms of the rate of on-grid versus off-grid renewable energy that is required in order to achieve a certain reliability level. Overall, the examined scenarios show a decreasing performance in terms of reliability under CC for the eight islands.

ACS Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Konstantinos G. Kotsifakis; Elissavet G. Feloni; Evangelos A. Baltas. Sustainable Water Resources Management in Small Greek Islands under Changing Climate. Water 2019, 11, 1694 .

AMA Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis, Konstantinos G. Kotsifakis, Elissavet G. Feloni, Evangelos A. Baltas. Sustainable Water Resources Management in Small Greek Islands under Changing Climate. Water. 2019; 11 (8):1694.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Konstantinos G. Kotsifakis; Elissavet G. Feloni; Evangelos A. Baltas. 2019. "Sustainable Water Resources Management in Small Greek Islands under Changing Climate." Water 11, no. 8: 1694.

Proceedings
Published: 01 January 2018 in Proceedings
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The present work aims at quantifying the benefit of Low Impact Development (LID) practices in reducing peak runoff and runoff volume, and at comparing LID practices to conventional stormwater solutions. The hydrologic-hydraulic model used was the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM5.1). The LID practices modeled were: (i) Green roofs; and (ii) Permeable pavements. Each LID was tested independently and compared to two different conventional practices, i.e., sewer enlargement and detention pond design. Results showed that for small storm events LID practices are comparable to conventional measures, in reducing flooding. Overall, smaller storms should be included in the design process.

ACS Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis; Evangelos Baltas. Simulation of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices and Comparison with Conventional Drainage Solutions. Proceedings 2018, 2, 640 .

AMA Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis, Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis, Evangelos Baltas. Simulation of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices and Comparison with Conventional Drainage Solutions. Proceedings. 2018; 2 (11):640.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ioannis M. Kourtis; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis; Evangelos Baltas. 2018. "Simulation of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices and Comparison with Conventional Drainage Solutions." Proceedings 2, no. 11: 640.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2017 in Water
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A methodology is presented which can be used in the evaluation of parametric uncertainty in urban flooding simulation. Due to the fact that such simulations are time consuming, the following methodology is proposed: (a) simplification of the description of the physical process; (b) derivation of a training data set; (c) development of a data-driven surrogate model; (d) use of a forward uncertainty propagation scheme. The simplification comprises the following steps: (a) unit hydrograph derivation using a 2D hydrodynamic model; (b) calculation of the losses in order to determine the effective rainfall depth; (c) flood event simulation using the principle of the proportionality and superposition. The above methodology was implemented in an urban catchment located in the city of Athens, Greece. The model used for the first step of the simplification was FLOW-R2D, whereas the well-known SWMM software (US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA) was used for the second step of the simplification. For the training data set derivation, an ensemble of 100 Unit Hydrographs was derived with the FLOW-R2D model. The parameters which were modified in order to produce this ensemble were the Manning coefficients in the two friction zones (residential and urban open space areas). The surrogate model used to replicate the unit hydrograph derivation, using the Manning coefficients as an input, was based on the Polynomial Chaos Expansion technique. It was found that, although the uncertainties in the derived results have to be taken into account, the proposed methodology can be a fast and efficient way to cope with dynamic flood simulation in an urban catchment.

ACS Style

Vasilis Bellos; Ioannis M. Kourtis; Antonio Moreno-Rodenas; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis. Quantifying Roughness Coefficient Uncertainty in Urban Flooding Simulations through a Simplified Methodology. Water 2017, 9, 944 .

AMA Style

Vasilis Bellos, Ioannis M. Kourtis, Antonio Moreno-Rodenas, Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis. Quantifying Roughness Coefficient Uncertainty in Urban Flooding Simulations through a Simplified Methodology. Water. 2017; 9 (12):944.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasilis Bellos; Ioannis M. Kourtis; Antonio Moreno-Rodenas; Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis. 2017. "Quantifying Roughness Coefficient Uncertainty in Urban Flooding Simulations through a Simplified Methodology." Water 9, no. 12: 944.