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K.C. Abbaspour
Swiss Federal Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG)

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Article
Published: 18 January 2021
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The use of the parameters associated with the “best-fit” criterion to represent a calibrated hydrological model is inadequate. Furthermore, assessing the goodness of model calibration or validation based on performance criteria, such as NSE, R2, or PBIAS, is misleading because they only compare two signals, i.e., measurement and the best-fit simulation (i.e., simulation with the best objective function value). The reason is that the calibrated model’s best objective function value is usually not significantly different from the next best value or the value after that. This non-uniqueness of the objective function causes a problem because the best solution’s parameters are always significantly different from the next best parameters. Therefore, only using the best simulation parameters as the calibrated model’s sole parameters to interpret the watershed processes or perform further model analyses could lead to erroneous results. Furthermore, most watersheds are increasingly changing due to human activities. The lack of pristine watersheds makes the task of watershed-scale calibration increasingly challenging. Subjective thresholds of acceptable performance criteria suggested by some researchers to rate the goodness of calibration are based on the comparison of the two signals, and in most cases, the thresholds are not achievable. Hence, to obtain a satisfactory fit, researchers and practitioners are forced to massage and manipulate the input or simulated data, compromising the science behind their work. This article discusses the fallacy in using the “best-fit” solution in hydrologic modeling. It introduces a two-factor statistics to assess the goodness of calibration/validation while taking model output uncertainty into account.

ACS Style

Karim C. Abbaspour. The fallacy in the use of the "best-fit" solution in hydrologic modeling. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Karim C. Abbaspour. The fallacy in the use of the "best-fit" solution in hydrologic modeling. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karim C. Abbaspour. 2021. "The fallacy in the use of the "best-fit" solution in hydrologic modeling." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 03 November 2019 in Sustainability
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Drought events have significant impacts on agricultural production in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), as agricultural production in most of the countries relies on precipitation. Socio-economic factors have a tremendous influence on whether a farmer or a nation can adapt to these climate stressors. This study aims to examine the extent to which these factors affect maize vulnerability to drought in SSA. To differentiate sensitive regions from resilient ones, we defined a crop drought vulnerability index (CDVI) calculated by comparing recorded yield with expected yield simulated by the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model during 1990–2012. We then assessed the relationship between CDVI and potential socio-economic variables using regression techniques and identified the influencing variables. The results show that the level of fertilizer use is a highly influential factor on vulnerability. Additionally, countries with higher food production index and better infrastructure are more resilient to drought. The role of the government effectiveness variable was less apparent across the SSA countries due to being generally stationary. Improving adaptations to drought through investing in infrastructure, improving fertilizer distribution, and fostering economic development would contribute to drought resilience.

ACS Style

Bahareh Kamali; Karim C. Abbaspour; Bernhard Wehrli; Hong Yang. A Quantitative Analysis of Socio-Economic Determinants Influencing Crop Drought Vulnerability in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6135 .

AMA Style

Bahareh Kamali, Karim C. Abbaspour, Bernhard Wehrli, Hong Yang. A Quantitative Analysis of Socio-Economic Determinants Influencing Crop Drought Vulnerability in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (21):6135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bahareh Kamali; Karim C. Abbaspour; Bernhard Wehrli; Hong Yang. 2019. "A Quantitative Analysis of Socio-Economic Determinants Influencing Crop Drought Vulnerability in Sub-Saharan Africa." Sustainability 11, no. 21: 6135.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2018 in Sustainability
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In agroecosystem management, conflicts between various services such as food provision and nutrient regulation are common. This study examined the trade-offs between selected ecosystem services such as food provision, water quantity and quality, erosion and climate regulations in an agricultural catchment in Western Switzerland. The aim was to explore the existing land use conflicts by a shift in land use and management strategy following two stakeholder-defined scenarios based on either land sparing or land sharing concepts. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to build an agro-hydrologic model of the region, which was calibrated and validated based on daily river discharge, monthly nitrate and annual crop yield, considering uncertainties associated with land management set up and model parameterization. The results show that land sparing scenario has the highest agricultural benefit, while also the highest nitrate concentration and GHG emissions. The land sharing scenario improves water quality and climate regulation services and reduces food provision. The management changes considered in the two land use scenarios did not seem to reduce the conflict but only led to a shift in trade-offs. Water quantity and erosion regulation remain unaffected by the two scenarios.

ACS Style

Nina Zarrineh; Karim Abbaspour; Ann Van Griensven; Bernard Jeangros; Annelie Holzkämper. Model-Based Evaluation of Land Management Strategies with Regard to Multiple Ecosystem Services. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3844 .

AMA Style

Nina Zarrineh, Karim Abbaspour, Ann Van Griensven, Bernard Jeangros, Annelie Holzkämper. Model-Based Evaluation of Land Management Strategies with Regard to Multiple Ecosystem Services. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (11):3844.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nina Zarrineh; Karim Abbaspour; Ann Van Griensven; Bernard Jeangros; Annelie Holzkämper. 2018. "Model-Based Evaluation of Land Management Strategies with Regard to Multiple Ecosystem Services." Sustainability 10, no. 11: 3844.

Review
Published: 22 December 2017 in Water
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Application of integrated hydrological models to manage a watershed’s water resources are increasingly finding their way into the decision-making processes. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a multi-process model integrating hydrology, ecology, agriculture, and water quality. SWAT is a continuation of nearly 40 years of modeling efforts conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS). A large number of SWAT-related papers have appeared in ISI journals, building a world-wide consensus around the model’s stability and usefulness. The current issue is a collection of the latest research using SWAT as the modeling tool. Most models must undergo calibration/validation and uncertainty analysis. Unfortunately, these sciences are not formal subjects of teaching in most universities and the students are often left to their own resources to calibrate their model. In this paper, we focus on calibration and uncertainty analysis highlighting some serious issues in the calibration of distributed models. A protocol for calibration is also highlighted to guide the users to obtain better modeling results. Finally, a summary of the papers published in this special issue is provided in the Appendix.

ACS Style

Karim C. Abbaspour; Saeid Ashraf Vaghefi; Raghvan Srinivasan. A Guideline for Successful Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis for Soil and Water Assessment: A Review of Papers from the 2016 International SWAT Conference. Water 2017, 10, 6 .

AMA Style

Karim C. Abbaspour, Saeid Ashraf Vaghefi, Raghvan Srinivasan. A Guideline for Successful Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis for Soil and Water Assessment: A Review of Papers from the 2016 International SWAT Conference. Water. 2017; 10 (1):6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karim C. Abbaspour; Saeid Ashraf Vaghefi; Raghvan Srinivasan. 2017. "A Guideline for Successful Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis for Soil and Water Assessment: A Review of Papers from the 2016 International SWAT Conference." Water 10, no. 1: 6.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2017 in Water
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Flash floods are natural phenomena with environmental, social and economic impacts. To date, few numerical models are able to simulate hydrological processes at catchment scale at a reasonable time scale to describe flash events with accurate details. Considering a ~810 km2 Mediterranean river coastal basin (southwestern France) as a study case, the objective of the present study was to assess the ability of the sub-daily module of the lumped Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate discharge (1) time-continuously, by testing two sub-basin delineation schemes, two catchment sizes, and two output time-steps; and (2) at flood time-scale, by comparing the performances of SWAT to the performances of the event-based fully distributed MARINE model when simulating flash flood events. We showed that there was no benefit of decreasing the size of the minimum drainage area (e.g., from ~15 km2 down to ~1 km2) when delineating sub-basins in SWAT. We also showed that both the MARINE and SWAT models were equally able to reproduce peak discharge, flood timing and volume, and that they were both limited by rainfall and soil data. Hence, the SWAT model appears to be a reliable modelling tool to predict discharge over long periods of time in large flash-flood-prone basins.

ACS Style

Laurie Boithias; Sabine Sauvage; Anneli Lenica; Hélène Roux; Karim C. Abbaspour; Kévin Larnier; Denis Dartus; José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez. Simulating Flash Floods at Hourly Time-Step Using the SWAT Model. Water 2017, 9, 929 .

AMA Style

Laurie Boithias, Sabine Sauvage, Anneli Lenica, Hélène Roux, Karim C. Abbaspour, Kévin Larnier, Denis Dartus, José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez. Simulating Flash Floods at Hourly Time-Step Using the SWAT Model. Water. 2017; 9 (12):929.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laurie Boithias; Sabine Sauvage; Anneli Lenica; Hélène Roux; Karim C. Abbaspour; Kévin Larnier; Denis Dartus; José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez. 2017. "Simulating Flash Floods at Hourly Time-Step Using the SWAT Model." Water 9, no. 12: 929.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2017 in Water
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Uncertainties due to climate change and population growth have created a critical situation for many megacities. Investigating spatio-temporal variability of water resources is, therefore, a critical initial step for water-resource management. This paper is a first study on the evaluation of water-budget components of water resources in Istanbul using a high-resolution hydrological model. In this work, the water resources of Istanbul and surrounding watersheds were modeled using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), which is a continuous-time, semi-distributed, process-based model. The SWAT-CUP program was used for calibration/validation of the model with uncertainty analysis using the SUFI-2 algorithm over the period 1977–2013 at 25 gauge stations. The results reveal that the annual blue-water potential of Istanbul is 3.5 billion m3, whereas the green-water flow and storage are 2.9 billion m3 and 0.7 billion m3, respectively. Watersheds located on the Asian side of the Istanbul megacity yield more blue-water resources compared to the European side, and constitute 75% of the total potential water resources. The model highlights the water potential of the city under current circumstances and gives an insight into its spatial distribution over the region. This study provides a strong basis for forthcoming studies concerning better water-resources management practices, climate change and water-quality studies, as well as other socio-economic scenario analyses in the region.

ACS Style

Gokhan Cuceloglu; Karim C. Abbaspour; Izzet Ozturk. Assessing the Water-Resources Potential of Istanbul by Using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Hydrological Model. Water 2017, 9, 814 .

AMA Style

Gokhan Cuceloglu, Karim C. Abbaspour, Izzet Ozturk. Assessing the Water-Resources Potential of Istanbul by Using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Hydrological Model. Water. 2017; 9 (10):814.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gokhan Cuceloglu; Karim C. Abbaspour; Izzet Ozturk. 2017. "Assessing the Water-Resources Potential of Istanbul by Using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Hydrological Model." Water 9, no. 10: 814.

Journal article
Published: 16 September 2017 in Water
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A large number of local and global databases for soil, land use, crops, and climate are now available from different sources, which often differ, even when addressing the same spatial and temporal resolutions. As the correct database is unknown, their impact on estimating water resource components (WRC) has mostly been ignored. Here, we study the uncertainty stemming from the use of multiple databases and their impacts on WRC estimates such as blue water and soil water for the Karkheh River Basin (KRB) in Iran. Four climate databases and two land use maps were used to build multiple configurations of the KRB model using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT), which were similarly calibrated against monthly river discharges. We classified the configurations based on their calibration performances and estimated WRC for each one. The results showed significant differences in WRC estimates, even in models of the same class i.e., with similar performance after calibration. We concluded that a non-negligible level of uncertainty stems from the availability of different sources of input data. As the use of any one database among several produces questionable outputs, it is prudent for modelers to pay more attention to the selection of input data.

ACS Style

Bahareh Kamali; Karim C. Abbaspour; Hong Yang. Assessing the Uncertainty of Multiple Input Datasets in the Prediction of Water Resource Components. Water 2017, 9, 709 .

AMA Style

Bahareh Kamali, Karim C. Abbaspour, Hong Yang. Assessing the Uncertainty of Multiple Input Datasets in the Prediction of Water Resource Components. Water. 2017; 9 (9):709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bahareh Kamali; Karim C. Abbaspour; Hong Yang. 2017. "Assessing the Uncertainty of Multiple Input Datasets in the Prediction of Water Resource Components." Water 9, no. 9: 709.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2017 in Water
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As water resources become further stressed due to increasing levels of societal demand, understanding the effect of climate and landuse change on various components of the water cycle is of strategic importance. In this study we used a previously developed hydrologic model of the Black Sea Catchment (BSC) to assess the impact of potential climate and landuse changes on the fresh water availability. The BSC model was built, calibrated, and validated against observed daily river discharge for the period of 1973–2006 using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) as the modeling tool. We employed the A2 and B2 scenarios of 2017–2050 generated by the Danish Regional Climate Model (HIRHAM), and four potential future landuse scenarios based on the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC)’s special report on emissions scenarios (SRES) storylines, to analyze the impact of climate change and landuse change on the water resources of the BSC. The detailed modeling and the ensemble of the scenarios showed that a substantial part of the catchment will likely experience a decrease in freshwater resources by 30 to 50%.

ACS Style

Elham Rouholahnejad Freund; Karim C. Abbaspour; Anthony Lehmann. Water Resources of the Black Sea Catchment under Future Climate and Landuse Change Projections. Water 2017, 9, 598 .

AMA Style

Elham Rouholahnejad Freund, Karim C. Abbaspour, Anthony Lehmann. Water Resources of the Black Sea Catchment under Future Climate and Landuse Change Projections. Water. 2017; 9 (8):598.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elham Rouholahnejad Freund; Karim C. Abbaspour; Anthony Lehmann. 2017. "Water Resources of the Black Sea Catchment under Future Climate and Landuse Change Projections." Water 9, no. 8: 598.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2017 in Water
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The successful application of hydrological models relies on careful calibration and uncertainty analysis. However, there are many different calibration/uncertainty analysis algorithms, and each could be run with different objective functions. In this paper, we highlight the fact that each combination of optimization algorithm-objective functions may lead to a different set of optimum parameters, while having the same performance; this makes the interpretation of dominant hydrological processes in a watershed highly uncertain. We used three different optimization algorithms (SUFI-2, GLUE, and PSO), and eight different objective functions (R2, bR2, NSE, MNS, RSR, SSQR, KGE, and PBIAS) in a SWAT model to calibrate the monthly discharges in two watersheds in Iran. The results show that all three algorithms, using the same objective function, produced acceptable calibration results; however, with significantly different parameter ranges. Similarly, an algorithm using different objective functions also produced acceptable calibration results, but with different parameter ranges. The different calibrated parameter ranges consequently resulted in significantly different water resource estimates. Hence, the parameters and the outputs that they produce in a calibrated model are “conditioned” on the choices of the optimization algorithm and objective function. This adds another level of non-negligible uncertainty to watershed models, calling for more attention and investigation in this area.

ACS Style

Delaram Houshmand Kouchi; Kazem Esmaili; Alireza Faridhosseini; Seyed Hossein Sanaeinejad; Davar Khalili; Karim C. Abbaspour. Sensitivity of Calibrated Parameters and Water Resource Estimates on Different Objective Functions and Optimization Algorithms. Water 2017, 9, 384 .

AMA Style

Delaram Houshmand Kouchi, Kazem Esmaili, Alireza Faridhosseini, Seyed Hossein Sanaeinejad, Davar Khalili, Karim C. Abbaspour. Sensitivity of Calibrated Parameters and Water Resource Estimates on Different Objective Functions and Optimization Algorithms. Water. 2017; 9 (6):384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Delaram Houshmand Kouchi; Kazem Esmaili; Alireza Faridhosseini; Seyed Hossein Sanaeinejad; Davar Khalili; Karim C. Abbaspour. 2017. "Sensitivity of Calibrated Parameters and Water Resource Estimates on Different Objective Functions and Optimization Algorithms." Water 9, no. 6: 384.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2017 in Water
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Studies using Drought Hazard Indices (DHIs) have been performed at various scales, but few studies associated DHIs of different drought types with climate change scenarios. To highlight the regional differences in droughts at meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural levels, we utilized historic and future DHIs derived from the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Runoff Index (SRI), and Standardized Soil Water Index (SSWI), respectively. To calculate SPI, SRI, and SSWI, we used a calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the Karkheh River Basin (KRB) in Iran. Five bias-corrected Global Circulation Models (GCMs) under two Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios projected future climate. For each drought type, we aggregated drought severity and occurrence probability rate of each index into a unique DHI. Five historic droughts were identified with different characteristics in each type. Future projections indicated a higher probability of severe and extreme drought intensities for all three types. The duration and frequency of droughts were predicted to decrease in precipitation-based SPI. However, due to the impact of rising temperature, the duration and frequency of SRI and SSWI were predicted to intensify. The DHI maps of KRB illustrated the highest agricultural drought exposures. Our analyses provide a comprehensive way to monitor multilevel droughts complementing the existing approaches.

ACS Style

Bahareh Kamali; Delaram Houshmand Kouchi; Hong Yang; Karim C. Abbaspour. Multilevel Drought Hazard Assessment under Climate Change Scenarios in Semi-Arid Regions—A Case Study of the Karkheh River Basin in Iran. Water 2017, 9, 241 .

AMA Style

Bahareh Kamali, Delaram Houshmand Kouchi, Hong Yang, Karim C. Abbaspour. Multilevel Drought Hazard Assessment under Climate Change Scenarios in Semi-Arid Regions—A Case Study of the Karkheh River Basin in Iran. Water. 2017; 9 (4):241.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bahareh Kamali; Delaram Houshmand Kouchi; Hong Yang; Karim C. Abbaspour. 2017. "Multilevel Drought Hazard Assessment under Climate Change Scenarios in Semi-Arid Regions—A Case Study of the Karkheh River Basin in Iran." Water 9, no. 4: 241.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2017 in Water
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This study examines the water productivity of irrigated wheat and maize yields in Karkheh River Basin (KRB) in the semi-arid region of Iran using a coupled modeling approach consisting of the hydrological model (SWAT) and the river basin water allocation model (MODSIM). Dynamic irrigation requirements instead of constant time series of demand were considered. As the cereal production of KRB plays a major role in supplying the food market of Iran, it is necessary to understand the crop yield-water relations for irrigated wheat and maize in the lower part of KRB (LKRB) where most of the irrigated agricultural plains are located. Irrigated wheat and maize yields (Y) and consumptive water use (AET) were modeled with uncertainty analysis at a subbasin level for 1990–2010. Simulated Y and AET were used to calculate crop water productivity (CWP). The coupled SWAT–MODSIM approach improved the accuracy of SWAT outputs by considering the water allocation derived from MODSIM. The results indicated that the highest CWP across this region was 1.31 kg·m−3 and 1.13 kg·m−3 for wheat and maize, respectively; and the lowest was less than 0.62 kg·m−3 and 0.58 kg·m−3. A close linear relationship was found for CWP and yield. The results showed a continuing increase for AET over the years while CWP peaks and then declines. This is evidence of the existence of a plateau in CWP as AET continues to increase and evidence of the fact that higher AET does not necessarily result in a higher yield.

ACS Style

Saeid Ashraf Vaghefi; Karim C. Abbaspour; Monireh Faramarzi; Raghavan Srinivasan; Jeffrey G. Arnold. Modeling Crop Water Productivity Using a Coupled SWAT–MODSIM Model. Water 2017, 9, 157 .

AMA Style

Saeid Ashraf Vaghefi, Karim C. Abbaspour, Monireh Faramarzi, Raghavan Srinivasan, Jeffrey G. Arnold. Modeling Crop Water Productivity Using a Coupled SWAT–MODSIM Model. Water. 2017; 9 (3):157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saeid Ashraf Vaghefi; Karim C. Abbaspour; Monireh Faramarzi; Raghavan Srinivasan; Jeffrey G. Arnold. 2017. "Modeling Crop Water Productivity Using a Coupled SWAT–MODSIM Model." Water 9, no. 3: 157.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2016 in Ecohydrology
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Soil erosion threatens both soil and water resources and has increased globally because of the removal of natural vegetation and the intensification of existing agriculture. Brazil is privileged by a large proportion of natural vegetation and abundant freshwater. Recently, modifications of the Brazilian Forest Act (BFA) have been approved, which offer landowners that had committed illegal riparian deforestation in the past amnesty from reforestation, and further reductions of riparian protected areas are currently discussed. Here, we used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool to simulate river discharge and sediment exports in a typical human-impacted Brazilian catchment, the Rio das Mortes catchment. By restoring the riparian vegetation according to the BFA and ignoring amnesties to land owners, the current annual sediment export of the catchment of 0·830 t ha−1 was reduced by 29·4% according to our model. Further, simulated reforestation twice the size demanded by the BFA resulted in a 31·4% reduction of the current sediment export. However, reforestation of a 5-m homogeneous riparian corridor only, as currently discussed in the Federal Brazilian State of São Paulo, reduced sediment exports by only 23·8%, not considering expected additional erosion due to deforestation outside the simulated reforested 5-m corridor. Our study is the first catchment-wide assessment of the role of riparian vegetation in preventing soil erosion in Brazil. Its results support intensive reforestation efforts of the riparian zone and point to substantial negative effects of further reductions of the protected riparian corridor width and amnesties from reforestation to land owners. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ACS Style

José A. F. Monteiro; Bahareh Kamali; Raghavan Srinivasan; Karim Abbaspour; Björn Gücker. Modelling the effect of riparian vegetation restoration on sediment transport in a human-impacted Brazilian catchment. Ecohydrology 2016, 9, 1289 -1303.

AMA Style

José A. F. Monteiro, Bahareh Kamali, Raghavan Srinivasan, Karim Abbaspour, Björn Gücker. Modelling the effect of riparian vegetation restoration on sediment transport in a human-impacted Brazilian catchment. Ecohydrology. 2016; 9 (7):1289-1303.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José A. F. Monteiro; Bahareh Kamali; Raghavan Srinivasan; Karim Abbaspour; Björn Gücker. 2016. "Modelling the effect of riparian vegetation restoration on sediment transport in a human-impacted Brazilian catchment." Ecohydrology 9, no. 7: 1289-1303.

Book chapter
Published: 31 October 2014 in Geomagnetically Induced Currents from the Sun to the Power Grid
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ACS Style

Ammar Rafiei Emam; Martin Kappas; Karim C. Abbaspour. Simulation of Water Balance Components in a Watershed Located in Central Drainage Basin of Iran. Geomagnetically Induced Currents from the Sun to the Power Grid 2014, 463 -477.

AMA Style

Ammar Rafiei Emam, Martin Kappas, Karim C. Abbaspour. Simulation of Water Balance Components in a Watershed Located in Central Drainage Basin of Iran. Geomagnetically Induced Currents from the Sun to the Power Grid. 2014; ():463-477.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ammar Rafiei Emam; Martin Kappas; Karim C. Abbaspour. 2014. "Simulation of Water Balance Components in a Watershed Located in Central Drainage Basin of Iran." Geomagnetically Induced Currents from the Sun to the Power Grid , no. : 463-477.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2014 in Hydrological Sciences Journal
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ACS Style

Hadi Memarian; Siva K. Balasundram; Karim C. Abbaspour; Jamal B. Talib; Christopher Teh Boon Sung; Alias Mohd Sood. SWAT-based hydrological modelling of tropical land-use scenarios. Hydrological Sciences Journal 2014, 59, 1808 -1829.

AMA Style

Hadi Memarian, Siva K. Balasundram, Karim C. Abbaspour, Jamal B. Talib, Christopher Teh Boon Sung, Alias Mohd Sood. SWAT-based hydrological modelling of tropical land-use scenarios. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 2014; 59 (10):1808-1829.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hadi Memarian; Siva K. Balasundram; Karim C. Abbaspour; Jamal B. Talib; Christopher Teh Boon Sung; Alias Mohd Sood. 2014. "SWAT-based hydrological modelling of tropical land-use scenarios." Hydrological Sciences Journal 59, no. 10: 1808-1829.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2014 in Environmental Science & Policy
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The environmental status of the Black Sea is obviously closely related to its catchment. Being a closed sea, this large water body drains an area of more than 2 million km2, encompassing 23 countries inhabited by more than 180 million people. The main environmental issues faced by the Black Sea catchment are the same as elsewhere in Europe. These problems are exacerbated by global changes with drastic changes predicted in temperature and precipitation by the end of the century, as well as land use and demographic changes. These environmental problems are taking place in a complex geopolitical situation. In this particular context, data sharing is essential to inform managers and policy-makers about the state of the environment, which will ultimately influence the state of the Black Sea itself. The enviroGRIDS project was set up in order to promote international data sharing initiatives such as the Global Earth Observation System of Systems and the European INSPIRE directive. The enviroGRIDS project was successful in reaching the following objectives: (a) performing a gap analysis on existing Earth observations systems in the region; (b) developing regional capacities at institutional, infrastructure and human resource levels; (c) creating regional scenarios to set the scene for plausible climatic, demographic and land use futures; (d) building the first hydrological model for the entire Black Sea catchment; (e) developing the Black Sea Catchment Observation System based on interoperability standards and Grid computing technologies; (f) showcasing data sharing in several case studies, addressing important environmental issues while building a network of people with improved capacity on data sharing principles. These relative successes should not, however, hide the difficulties in making the necessary Earth observation data available to scientists, decision makers and the public, as the mind-sets at all levels are changing slowly. Controlling the access to data is still perceived by many as a necessity to guarantee the power of the state on society and as a way to preserve its security. The need to develop national spatial data infrastructures (SDI) is very important to convince all ministries and data owner that publically funded data should be made publically available. The progress in the implementation of SDI seems more limited by political agendas than by technology. It is clear, however, that implementation of the INSPIRE directive in Europe is a prerequisite for the success of many other environmental policies (e.g. Water Framework Directive; Marine Strategy Framework Directive; Biodiversity strategy 2020).

ACS Style

A. Lehmann; G. Giuliani; E. Mancosu; K.C. Abbaspour; S. Sözen; D. Gorgan; A. Beel; N. Ray. Filling the gap between Earth observation and policy making in the Black Sea catchment with enviroGRIDS. Environmental Science & Policy 2014, 46, 1 -12.

AMA Style

A. Lehmann, G. Giuliani, E. Mancosu, K.C. Abbaspour, S. Sözen, D. Gorgan, A. Beel, N. Ray. Filling the gap between Earth observation and policy making in the Black Sea catchment with enviroGRIDS. Environmental Science & Policy. 2014; 46 ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Lehmann; G. Giuliani; E. Mancosu; K.C. Abbaspour; S. Sözen; D. Gorgan; A. Beel; N. Ray. 2014. "Filling the gap between Earth observation and policy making in the Black Sea catchment with enviroGRIDS." Environmental Science & Policy 46, no. : 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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ACS Style

Hadi Memarian; Siva K. Balasundram; Karim C. Abbaspour; Jamal B. Talib; Christoper Teh Boon Sung; Alias Mohd Sood. Integration of analytic hierarchy process and weighted goal programming for land use optimization at the watershed scale. TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2014, 38, 139 -158.

AMA Style

Hadi Memarian, Siva K. Balasundram, Karim C. Abbaspour, Jamal B. Talib, Christoper Teh Boon Sung, Alias Mohd Sood. Integration of analytic hierarchy process and weighted goal programming for land use optimization at the watershed scale. TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2014; 38 ():139-158.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hadi Memarian; Siva K. Balasundram; Karim C. Abbaspour; Jamal B. Talib; Christoper Teh Boon Sung; Alias Mohd Sood. 2014. "Integration of analytic hierarchy process and weighted goal programming for land use optimization at the watershed scale." TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 38, no. : 139-158.

Original articles
Published: 18 February 2013 in Hydrological Sciences Journal
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A wavelet-neural network (WNN) hybrid modelling approach for monthly river flow estimation and prediction is developed. This approach integrates discrete wavelet multi-resolution decomposition and a back-propagation (BP) feed-forward multilayer perceptron (FFML) artificial neural network (ANN). The Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm and the Bayesian regularization (BR) algorithm were employed to perform the network modelling. Monthly flow data from three gauges in the Weihe River in China were used for network training and testing for 48-month-ahead prediction. The comparison of results of the WNN hybrid model with those of the single ANN model show that the former is able to significantly increase the prediction accuracy. Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor H. Aksoy Citation Wei, S., Yang, H., Song, J.X., Abbaspour, K., and Xu, Z.X., 2013. A wavelet-neural network hybrid modelling approach for estimating and predicting river monthly flows. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (2), 374–389.

ACS Style

Shouke Wei; Hong Yang; Jinxi Song; Karim Abbaspour; Zongxue Xu. A wavelet-neural network hybrid modelling approach for estimating and predicting river monthly flows. Hydrological Sciences Journal 2013, 58, 374 -389.

AMA Style

Shouke Wei, Hong Yang, Jinxi Song, Karim Abbaspour, Zongxue Xu. A wavelet-neural network hybrid modelling approach for estimating and predicting river monthly flows. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 2013; 58 (2):374-389.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shouke Wei; Hong Yang; Jinxi Song; Karim Abbaspour; Zongxue Xu. 2013. "A wavelet-neural network hybrid modelling approach for estimating and predicting river monthly flows." Hydrological Sciences Journal 58, no. 2: 374-389.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2013 in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
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The continuous expansion of distributed hydrological models applied on different geographical regions in order to solve and predict water resource problems raised multiple issues related to the model calibration and execution processes. The calibration process was performed on SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) hydrological model that could be used to predict the impact of land management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields in complex watersheds. This paper presents methods, algorithms, data access issues and human-computer interaction techniques used in developing a Web application for the Grid based SWAT model execution and calibration, called gSWAT. The SWAT model calibration process is time consuming (e.g. in some situations its execution could reach hours or even days in length). The Grid is the platform that integrates the gSWAT application, due to its parallel and distributed characteristics, offering high computation and storage capabilities in response to the calibration process requirements.

ACS Style

Danut Mihon; Victor Bacu; Denisa Rodila; Teodor Stefanut; Karim Abbaspour; Elham Rouholahnejad; Dorian Gorgan. Grid Based Hydrologic Model Calibration and Execution. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 2013, 187, 279 -293.

AMA Style

Danut Mihon, Victor Bacu, Denisa Rodila, Teodor Stefanut, Karim Abbaspour, Elham Rouholahnejad, Dorian Gorgan. Grid Based Hydrologic Model Calibration and Execution. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2013; 187 ():279-293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Danut Mihon; Victor Bacu; Denisa Rodila; Teodor Stefanut; Karim Abbaspour; Elham Rouholahnejad; Dorian Gorgan. 2013. "Grid Based Hydrologic Model Calibration and Execution." Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 187, no. : 279-293.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2012 in Water and Environment Journal
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The impacts of land use/cover changes (LUCC) on a developed basin in Malaysia were evaluated. Three storm events in different intensities and durations were required for KINEROS2 (K2) calibration and LUCC impact analysis. K2 validation was performed using three other rainfall events. Calibration results showed excellent and very good fittings for runoff and sediment simulations based on the aggregated measure. Validation results demonstrated that the K2 is reliable for runoff modelling, while K2 application for sediment simulation was only valid for the period 1984–1997. LUCC impacts analysis revealed that direct runoff and sediment discharge increased with the progress of urban development and unmanaged agricultural activities. These observations were supported by the NDVI, landscape and hydrological trend analyses.

ACS Style

Hadi Memarian; Siva K. Balasundram; Jamal B. Talib; Christopher Teh Boon Sung; Alias Mohd Sood; Karim C. Abbaspour. KINEROS2 application for land use/cover change impact analysis at the Hulu Langat Basin, Malaysia. Water and Environment Journal 2012, 27, 549 -560.

AMA Style

Hadi Memarian, Siva K. Balasundram, Jamal B. Talib, Christopher Teh Boon Sung, Alias Mohd Sood, Karim C. Abbaspour. KINEROS2 application for land use/cover change impact analysis at the Hulu Langat Basin, Malaysia. Water and Environment Journal. 2012; 27 (4):549-560.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hadi Memarian; Siva K. Balasundram; Jamal B. Talib; Christopher Teh Boon Sung; Alias Mohd Sood; Karim C. Abbaspour. 2012. "KINEROS2 application for land use/cover change impact analysis at the Hulu Langat Basin, Malaysia." Water and Environment Journal 27, no. 4: 549-560.

Journal article
Published: 19 September 2012 in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
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The Black Sea Catchment area is well known for subjects such as ecologically unsustainable development or inadequate resource management. The EnviroGRIDS project addresses these issues by using emerging information technologies. The enviroGRIDS Web Portal allows the users to access the geospatial functionality given by Web infrastructure, and to high power computation resources given by Grid infrastructure. The Black Sea Catchment Observation System portal provides a single point of access to the enviroGRIDS applications and tools. Both the vertical and horizontal interoperability are available between the platforms and applications throughout the portal. The horizontal interoperability is accomplished through services, meaning the applications are working together by the exposed services. The vertical interoperability is supported by the communication between the layers of end user applications, Web infrastructure, and Grid infrastructure. The basic solution of interoperability is accomplished by services, messages, and data. The paper highlights the solutions developed by the Black Sea Catchment Observation System portal to support various types of interoperability between the modules of geospatial data management, hydrological model calibration and running, satellite image processing, spatial data visualization, and virtual training center.

ACS Style

Dorian Gorgan; Victor Bacu; Danut Mihon; Teodor Stefanut; Denisa Rodila; Pierluigi Cau; Karim Abbaspour; Gregory Giuliani; Nicolas Ray; Anthony Lehmann. Software Platform Interoperability Throughout EnviroGRIDS Portal. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2012, 5, 1617 -1627.

AMA Style

Dorian Gorgan, Victor Bacu, Danut Mihon, Teodor Stefanut, Denisa Rodila, Pierluigi Cau, Karim Abbaspour, Gregory Giuliani, Nicolas Ray, Anthony Lehmann. Software Platform Interoperability Throughout EnviroGRIDS Portal. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. 2012; 5 (6):1617-1627.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dorian Gorgan; Victor Bacu; Danut Mihon; Teodor Stefanut; Denisa Rodila; Pierluigi Cau; Karim Abbaspour; Gregory Giuliani; Nicolas Ray; Anthony Lehmann. 2012. "Software Platform Interoperability Throughout EnviroGRIDS Portal." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 5, no. 6: 1617-1627.