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Dr. Thijs Peters
SINTEF Industry

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0 Gas Separation
0 H2S
0 Hydrogen
0 Membrane
0 Palladium

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Hydrogen
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Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in Journal of Membrane Science
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PolyPOSS-imide membranes are promising for separating H2 from larger molecules (CO2, N2, CH4) at temperatures up to 300 °C. Their fabrication involves two steps: interfacial polymerization of POSS and 6FDA, followed by thermal imidization. This work provides a systematic study of the effects of cations on membrane properties and performance. For this, two distinct POSS molecules were used: functionalized with -NH3+Cl− or, so far unexplored, -NH2. The ammonium groups are partially deprotonated by using three different bases, LiOH, NaOH, and KOH. We demonstrate that the introduced cations affect the film thickness but not the molecular composition of the polyamic acid. All polyamic acids can be imidized, but the cations reduce the imidization kinetics as well as the loss of organic crosslinkers. For flat disc membranes, at 200 °C, the absence of cations results in comparable permeability combined with higher selectivity for H2/N2. This, and the possibility to discard adding a base, motivated a scale-up study of the new POSS. For tubular membranes, much higher ideal and mixed gas selectivities are found than for membranes where NaOH was added. Results indicate that the new route allows more reproducible production of defect free membranes and has potential for larger-scale polyPOSSimide fabrication.

ACS Style

Farzaneh Radmanesh; Monika Pilz; Luca Ansaloni; Thijs A. Peters; Eric Louradour; Henk van Veen; Dag Høvik; Mark A. Hempenius; Nieck E. Benes. Comparing amine- and ammonium functionalized silsesquioxanes for large scale synthesis of hybrid polyimide high-temperature gas separation membranes. Journal of Membrane Science 2021, 119524 .

AMA Style

Farzaneh Radmanesh, Monika Pilz, Luca Ansaloni, Thijs A. Peters, Eric Louradour, Henk van Veen, Dag Høvik, Mark A. Hempenius, Nieck E. Benes. Comparing amine- and ammonium functionalized silsesquioxanes for large scale synthesis of hybrid polyimide high-temperature gas separation membranes. Journal of Membrane Science. 2021; ():119524.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farzaneh Radmanesh; Monika Pilz; Luca Ansaloni; Thijs A. Peters; Eric Louradour; Henk van Veen; Dag Høvik; Mark A. Hempenius; Nieck E. Benes. 2021. "Comparing amine- and ammonium functionalized silsesquioxanes for large scale synthesis of hybrid polyimide high-temperature gas separation membranes." Journal of Membrane Science , no. : 119524.

Paper
Published: 04 June 2021 in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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The diffusion coefficient of palladium varies with hydrogen content due to filling of antibonding states and softening of lattice modes.

ACS Style

Jonathan Marc Polfus; Thijs Andries Peters; Rune Bredesen; Ole Martin Løvvik. Vacancy diffusion in palladium hydrides. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2021, 23, 13680 -13686.

AMA Style

Jonathan Marc Polfus, Thijs Andries Peters, Rune Bredesen, Ole Martin Løvvik. Vacancy diffusion in palladium hydrides. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2021; 23 (24):13680-13686.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan Marc Polfus; Thijs Andries Peters; Rune Bredesen; Ole Martin Løvvik. 2021. "Vacancy diffusion in palladium hydrides." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 24: 13680-13686.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2021 in Journal of Membrane Science
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The purification of the product gas from dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) by using PdAg-membranes is highly promising, since the low level of impurities in the released hydrogen stream allows low pressure operation and favours the coupling with the dehydrogenation step. Motivated by our recent short-term investigations indicating an influence of these impurities on the membrane performance the behaviour of the membrane by exposure to product gas was investigated in detail over a long period. In total, the membrane was operated for more than 200 days, including approx. 21 days under product gas from the LOHC-dehydrogenation. In the time period the performance has decreased by 88% and could be restored slowly but completely by using pure hydrogen. The degradation is caused by the coverage of active adsorption sites for the dissociation of hydrogen by hydrocarbons other than methane. The activation energy of permeation has almost tripled from 13 kJ mol−1 to 38 kJ mol−1 while desorption of impurities from the surface affect the process and its temperature dependence. SEM-analysis of the still 100%-selective membrane after more than 200 days of operation shows no significant changes in membrane morphology. Under the mild operating conditions, a lifetime of several years seems possible.

ACS Style

Alexander Wunsch; Ellen Gapp; Thijs Peters; Peter Pfeifer. Impact of product gas impurities from dehydrogenation of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene on the performance of a 10 μm PdAg-membrane. Journal of Membrane Science 2021, 628, 119094 .

AMA Style

Alexander Wunsch, Ellen Gapp, Thijs Peters, Peter Pfeifer. Impact of product gas impurities from dehydrogenation of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene on the performance of a 10 μm PdAg-membrane. Journal of Membrane Science. 2021; 628 ():119094.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexander Wunsch; Ellen Gapp; Thijs Peters; Peter Pfeifer. 2021. "Impact of product gas impurities from dehydrogenation of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene on the performance of a 10 μm PdAg-membrane." Journal of Membrane Science 628, no. : 119094.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Membranes
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We report on the effect of butane and butylene on hydrogen permeation through thin state-of-the-art Pd–Ag alloy membranes. A wide range of operating conditions, such as temperature (200–450 °C) and H2/butylene (or butane) ratio (0.5–3), on the flux-reducing tendency were investigated. In addition, the behavior of membrane performance during prolonged exposure to butylene was evaluated. In the presence of butane, the flux-reducing tendency was found to be limited up to the maximum temperature investigated, 450 °C. Compared to butane, the flux-reducing tendency in the presence of butylene was severe. At 400 °C and 20% butylene, the flux decreases by ~85% after 3 h of exposure but depends on temperature and the H2/butylene ratio. In terms of operating temperature, an optimal performance was found at 250–300 °C with respect to obtaining the highest absolute hydrogen flux in the presence of butylene. At lower temperatures, the competitive adsorption of butylene over hydrogen accounts for a large initial flux penalty.

ACS Style

Thijs A. Peters; Marit Stange; Rune Bredesen. Flux-Reducing Tendency of Pd-Based Membranes Employed in Butane Dehydrogenation Processes. Membranes 2020, 10, 291 .

AMA Style

Thijs A. Peters, Marit Stange, Rune Bredesen. Flux-Reducing Tendency of Pd-Based Membranes Employed in Butane Dehydrogenation Processes. Membranes. 2020; 10 (10):291.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thijs A. Peters; Marit Stange; Rune Bredesen. 2020. "Flux-Reducing Tendency of Pd-Based Membranes Employed in Butane Dehydrogenation Processes." Membranes 10, no. 10: 291.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2019 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Palladium membranes used for hydrogen separation seemingly develop cavities filled with hydrogen, i.e. hydrogen bubbles, along the grain boundaries. These bubbles may represent initial stages of pinhole formation that lead to unselective leakage and compromise the long-term stability of the membranes. Alloying with Ag improves the permeability of Pd, but whether these H2 bubbles form in Pd-Ag membranes remained unknown. In this work, the microstructure of a Pd77Ag23 membrane was characterized by electron microscopy after H2 permeation testing for 50 days at 15 bar at temperatures up to 450 °C. The results show that Ag does not prevent bubbles from emerging along high-angle grain boundaries, but reduces the number of potential nucleation sites for cavity formation by supressing the development of dislocation networks when H-saturated Pd is cycled through the miscibility gap. Both magnetron-sputtered and electroless plated membranes are afflicted by H2 bubbles, thus their formation seems determined by intrinsic properties of the material independent of the fabrication technique. The qualitative discussion enables to point directions for enhancement of membrane stability.

ACS Style

T.A. Peters; P.A. Carvalho; M. Stange; R. Bredesen. Formation of hydrogen bubbles in Pd-Ag membranes during H2 permeation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019, 45, 7488 -7496.

AMA Style

T.A. Peters, P.A. Carvalho, M. Stange, R. Bredesen. Formation of hydrogen bubbles in Pd-Ag membranes during H2 permeation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2019; 45 (12):7488-7496.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T.A. Peters; P.A. Carvalho; M. Stange; R. Bredesen. 2019. "Formation of hydrogen bubbles in Pd-Ag membranes during H2 permeation." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45, no. 12: 7488-7496.

Editorial
Published: 01 February 2019 in Membranes
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Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a lot of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. Integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are, therefore, regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low carbon and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.

ACS Style

Thijs Peters; Alessio Caravella. Pd-Based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives. Membranes 2019, 9, 25 .

AMA Style

Thijs Peters, Alessio Caravella. Pd-Based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives. Membranes. 2019; 9 (2):25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thijs Peters; Alessio Caravella. 2019. "Pd-Based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives." Membranes 9, no. 2: 25.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2018 in Separation and Purification Technology
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In a solid-liquid dual-phase CO2 separation membrane, the native ions in the molten alkali carbonate, including carbonate anions and metal cations can transport CO2 in a process that is charge–compensated by electronic species (electrons or holes), oxide ions, or hydroxide ions, depending on materials and conditions. This strongly affects the design of experiments for assessing the performance of these membranes, and further determines the routes for integration of these membranes in industrial applications. Here we report how dissolved oxides in the liquid carbonate improve the CO2 flux of the membrane due to an enhanced charge–compensating oxygen ion transport. A qualitative understanding of the magnitude and role of oxide ion conductivity in the molten phase and in the solid support as a function of the temperature is provided. Employing a solid matrix of ceria, and dissolving CsVO3 and MoO3 oxides in the molten carbonate phase led to an almost doubled CO2 flux at 550 °C under dry ambient conditions. When the sweep gas contained 2.5% H2O, the CO2 flux was increased further due to formation of hydroxide ions in the molten carbonate acting as charge compensating species. Also, as a consequence of permeation controlled by ions in the liquid phase, the CO2 flux increased with the pore volume of the solid matrix.

ACS Style

Wen Xing; Zuoan Li; Thijs Peters; Marie-Laure Fontaine; Michael McCann; Anna Evans; Truls Norby; Rune Bredesen. Improved CO2 flux by dissolution of oxide ions into the molten carbonate phase of dual-phase CO2 separation membranes. Separation and Purification Technology 2018, 212, 723 -727.

AMA Style

Wen Xing, Zuoan Li, Thijs Peters, Marie-Laure Fontaine, Michael McCann, Anna Evans, Truls Norby, Rune Bredesen. Improved CO2 flux by dissolution of oxide ions into the molten carbonate phase of dual-phase CO2 separation membranes. Separation and Purification Technology. 2018; 212 ():723-727.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wen Xing; Zuoan Li; Thijs Peters; Marie-Laure Fontaine; Michael McCann; Anna Evans; Truls Norby; Rune Bredesen. 2018. "Improved CO2 flux by dissolution of oxide ions into the molten carbonate phase of dual-phase CO2 separation membranes." Separation and Purification Technology 212, no. : 723-727.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2018 in Membranes
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Sputtered Pd77%Ag23% membranes of thickness 2.2–8.5 µm were subjected to a three-step heat treatment in air (HTA) to investigate the relation between thickness and the reported beneficial effects of HTA on hydrogen transport. The permeability experiments were complimented by volumetric hydrogen sorption measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging in order to relate the observed effects to changes in hydrogen solubility and/or structure. The results show that the HTA—essentially an oxidation-reduction cycle—mainly affects the thinner membranes, with the hydrogen flux increasing stepwise upon HTA of each membrane side. The hydrogen solubility is found to remain constant upon HTA, and the change must therefore be attributed to improved transport kinetics. The HTA procedure appears to shift the transition from the surface to bulk-limited transport to lower thickness, roughly from ~5 to ≤2.2 µm under the conditions applied here. Although the surface topography results indicate that HTA influences the surface roughness and increases the effective membrane surface area, this cannot be the sole explanation for the observed hydrogen flux increase. This is because considerable surface roughening occurs during hydrogen permeation (no HTA) as well, but not accompanied by the same hydrogen flux enhancement. The latter effect is particularly pronounced for thinner membranes, implying that the structural changes may be dependent on the magnitude of the hydrogen flux.

ACS Style

Nicla Vicinanza; Ingeborg-Helene Svenum; Thijs Peters; Rune Bredesen; Hilde Venvik. New Insight to the Effects of Heat Treatment in Air on the Permeation Properties of Thin Pd77%Ag23% Membranes. Membranes 2018, 8, 92 .

AMA Style

Nicla Vicinanza, Ingeborg-Helene Svenum, Thijs Peters, Rune Bredesen, Hilde Venvik. New Insight to the Effects of Heat Treatment in Air on the Permeation Properties of Thin Pd77%Ag23% Membranes. Membranes. 2018; 8 (4):92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicla Vicinanza; Ingeborg-Helene Svenum; Thijs Peters; Rune Bredesen; Hilde Venvik. 2018. "New Insight to the Effects of Heat Treatment in Air on the Permeation Properties of Thin Pd77%Ag23% Membranes." Membranes 8, no. 4: 92.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2018 in Membranes
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Dense metal membranes that are based on palladium (Pd) are promising for hydrogen separation and production due to their high selectivity and permeability. Optimization of alloy composition has normally focused on bulk properties, but there is growing evidence that grain boundaries (GBs) play a crucial role in the overall performance of membranes. The present study provides parameters and analyses of GBs in the ternary Pd-Ag-Cu system, based on first-principles electronic structure calculations. The segregation tendency of Cu, Ag, and vacancies towards 12 different coherent ∑ GBs in Pd was quantified using three different procedures for relaxation of supercell lattice constants, representing the outer bounds of infinitely elastic and stiff lattice around the GBs. This demonstrated a clear linear correlation between the excess volume and the GB energy when volume relaxation was allowed for. The point defects were attracted by most of the GBs that were investigated. Realistic atomic-scale models of binary Pd-Cu and ternary Pd-Cu-Ag alloys were created for the ∑5(210) boundary, in which the strong GB segregation tendency was affirmed. This is a starting point for more targeted engineering of alloys and grain structure in dense metal membranes and related systems.

ACS Style

Ole Martin Løvvik; Dongdong Zhao; Yanjun Li; Rune Bredesen; Thijs Peters. Grain Boundary Segregation in Pd-Cu-Ag Alloys for High Permeability Hydrogen Separation Membranes. Membranes 2018, 8, 81 .

AMA Style

Ole Martin Løvvik, Dongdong Zhao, Yanjun Li, Rune Bredesen, Thijs Peters. Grain Boundary Segregation in Pd-Cu-Ag Alloys for High Permeability Hydrogen Separation Membranes. Membranes. 2018; 8 (3):81.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ole Martin Løvvik; Dongdong Zhao; Yanjun Li; Rune Bredesen; Thijs Peters. 2018. "Grain Boundary Segregation in Pd-Cu-Ag Alloys for High Permeability Hydrogen Separation Membranes." Membranes 8, no. 3: 81.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2018 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Cogeneration power plants based on fuel cells are a promising technology to produce electric and thermal energy with reduced costs and environmental impact. The most mature fuel cell technology for this kind of applications are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, which require high-purity hydrogen. The most common and least expensive way to produce hydrogen within today's energy infrastructure is steam reforming of natural gas. Such a process produces a syngas rich in hydrogen that has to be purified to be properly used in low temperature fuel cells. However, the hydrogen production and purification processes strongly affect the performance, the cost, and the complexity of the energy system. Purification is usually performed through pressure swing adsorption, which is a semi-batch process that increases the plant complexity and incorporates a substantial efficiency penalty. A promising alternative option for hydrogen purification is the use of selective metal membranes that can be integrated in the reactors of the fuel processing plant. Such a membrane separation may improve the thermo-chemical performance of the energy system, while reducing the power plant complexity, and potentially its cost. Herein, we perform a technical analysis, through thermo-chemical models, to evaluate the integration of Pd-based H2-selective membranes in different sections of the fuel processing plant: (i) steam reforming reactor, (ii) water gas shift reactor, (iii) at the outlet of the fuel processor as a separator device. The results show that a drastic fuel processing plant simplification is achievable by integrating the Pd-membranes in the water gas shift and reforming reactors. Moreover, the natural gas reforming membrane reactor yields significant efficiency improvements.

ACS Style

Gabriele Loreti; Andrea Luigi Facci; Thijs Peters; Stefano Ubertini. Numerical modeling of an automotive derivative polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cogeneration system with selective membranes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2018, 44, 4508 -4523.

AMA Style

Gabriele Loreti, Andrea Luigi Facci, Thijs Peters, Stefano Ubertini. Numerical modeling of an automotive derivative polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cogeneration system with selective membranes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2018; 44 (9):4508-4523.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Loreti; Andrea Luigi Facci; Thijs Peters; Stefano Ubertini. 2018. "Numerical modeling of an automotive derivative polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cogeneration system with selective membranes." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 9: 4508-4523.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2018 in Membranes
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In this article, we studied two different types of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS®) functionalized nanoparticles as additives for nanocomposite membranes for CO2 separation. One with amidine functionalization (Amidino POSS®) and the second with amine and lactamide groups functionalization (Lactamide POSS®). Composite membranes were produced by casting a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer, containing either amidine or lactamide functionalized POSS® nanoparticles, on a polysulfone (PSf) porous support. FTIR characterization shows a good compatibility between the nanoparticles and the polymer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) show an increment of the crystalline regions. Both the degree of crystallinity (Xc) and the alpha star transition, associated with the slippage between crystallites, increase with the content of nanoparticles in the PVA selective layer. These crystalline regions were affected by the conformation of the polymer chains, decreasing the gas separation performance. Moreover, lactamide POSS® shows a higher interaction with PVA, inducing lower values in the CO2 flux. We have concluded that the interaction of the POSS® nanoparticles increased the crystallinity of the composite membranes, thereby playing an important role in the gas separation performance. Moreover, these nanocomposite membranes did not show separation according to a facilitated transport mechanism as expected, based on their functionalized amino-groups, thus, solution-diffusion was the main mechanism responsible for the transport phenomena.

ACS Style

Gabriel Guerrero; May-Britt Hägg; Christian Simon; Thijs Peters; Nicolas Rival; Christelle Denonville. CO2 Separation in Nanocomposite Membranes by the Addition of Amidine and Lactamide Functionalized POSS® Nanoparticles into a PVA Layer. Membranes 2018, 8, 28 .

AMA Style

Gabriel Guerrero, May-Britt Hägg, Christian Simon, Thijs Peters, Nicolas Rival, Christelle Denonville. CO2 Separation in Nanocomposite Membranes by the Addition of Amidine and Lactamide Functionalized POSS® Nanoparticles into a PVA Layer. Membranes. 2018; 8 (2):28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel Guerrero; May-Britt Hägg; Christian Simon; Thijs Peters; Nicolas Rival; Christelle Denonville. 2018. "CO2 Separation in Nanocomposite Membranes by the Addition of Amidine and Lactamide Functionalized POSS® Nanoparticles into a PVA Layer." Membranes 8, no. 2: 28.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Journal of Membrane Science
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ACS Style

Gabriel Guerrero; May-Britt Hägg; Gertrude Kignelman; Christian Simon; Thijs Peters; Nicolas Rival; Christelle Denonville. Investigation of amino and amidino functionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxanes (POSS®) nanoparticles in PVA-based hybrid membranes for CO2/N2 separation. Journal of Membrane Science 2017, 544, 161 -173.

AMA Style

Gabriel Guerrero, May-Britt Hägg, Gertrude Kignelman, Christian Simon, Thijs Peters, Nicolas Rival, Christelle Denonville. Investigation of amino and amidino functionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxanes (POSS®) nanoparticles in PVA-based hybrid membranes for CO2/N2 separation. Journal of Membrane Science. 2017; 544 ():161-173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel Guerrero; May-Britt Hägg; Gertrude Kignelman; Christian Simon; Thijs Peters; Nicolas Rival; Christelle Denonville. 2017. "Investigation of amino and amidino functionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxanes (POSS®) nanoparticles in PVA-based hybrid membranes for CO2/N2 separation." Journal of Membrane Science 544, no. : 161-173.

Books
Published: 06 October 2017 in Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases : Gas-separation Issues Combined with Membrane Reactors
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H2 membrane separation technology has been identified as a key enabling technology for hydrogen as future energy carrier, in particular in conjunction with the capture and storage of CO2. Improved Pd-alloys and composite membrane structures are needed for this to become viable. In this chapter, the factors affecting the stability of Pd-based membranes, focusing particularly on the effect of structural changes and gaseous contaminants under long-term operation, are described. Approaches to enhance the stability and tolerance are introduced and discussed. Subsequently, an overview of the main application areas of Pd-based membranes is given, along with the stability demands of these applications. Finally, relevant long-term studies focusing on membrane stability are reviewed. It is concluded that considerable progress has been made with respect to the stability, with some applications close to commercialisation. Certain contaminants remain an issue, however, that are likely to require additional developments in gas cleaning technologies.

ACS Style

Thijs A. Peters; Rune Bredesen; Hilde J. Venvik. CHAPTER 6. Pd-based Membranes in Hydrogen Production: Long-term Stability and Contaminant Effects. Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases : Gas-separation Issues Combined with Membrane Reactors 2017, 177 -211.

AMA Style

Thijs A. Peters, Rune Bredesen, Hilde J. Venvik. CHAPTER 6. Pd-based Membranes in Hydrogen Production: Long-term Stability and Contaminant Effects. Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases : Gas-separation Issues Combined with Membrane Reactors. 2017; ():177-211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thijs A. Peters; Rune Bredesen; Hilde J. Venvik. 2017. "CHAPTER 6. Pd-based Membranes in Hydrogen Production: Long-term Stability and Contaminant Effects." Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases : Gas-separation Issues Combined with Membrane Reactors , no. : 177-211.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2017 in Energy Procedia
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ACS Style

Gabriel Guerrero; Davide Venturi; Thijs Peters; Nicolas Rival; Christelle Denonville; Christian Simon; Partow P. Henriksen; May-Britt Hägg. Influence of Functionalized Nanoparticles on the CO2/N2 Separation Properties of PVA-based Gas Separation Membranes. Energy Procedia 2017, 114, 627 -635.

AMA Style

Gabriel Guerrero, Davide Venturi, Thijs Peters, Nicolas Rival, Christelle Denonville, Christian Simon, Partow P. Henriksen, May-Britt Hägg. Influence of Functionalized Nanoparticles on the CO2/N2 Separation Properties of PVA-based Gas Separation Membranes. Energy Procedia. 2017; 114 ():627-635.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel Guerrero; Davide Venturi; Thijs Peters; Nicolas Rival; Christelle Denonville; Christian Simon; Partow P. Henriksen; May-Britt Hägg. 2017. "Influence of Functionalized Nanoparticles on the CO2/N2 Separation Properties of PVA-based Gas Separation Membranes." Energy Procedia 114, no. : 627-635.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2017 in Energy Procedia
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ACS Style

Thijs Peters; P.M. Rørvik; T.O. Sunde; M. Stange; F. Roness; T.R. Reinertsen; J.H. Ræder; Yngve Larring; R. Bredesen. Palladium (Pd) Membranes as Key Enabling Technology for Pre-combustion CO2 Capture and Hydrogen Production. Energy Procedia 2017, 114, 37 -45.

AMA Style

Thijs Peters, P.M. Rørvik, T.O. Sunde, M. Stange, F. Roness, T.R. Reinertsen, J.H. Ræder, Yngve Larring, R. Bredesen. Palladium (Pd) Membranes as Key Enabling Technology for Pre-combustion CO2 Capture and Hydrogen Production. Energy Procedia. 2017; 114 ():37-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thijs Peters; P.M. Rørvik; T.O. Sunde; M. Stange; F. Roness; T.R. Reinertsen; J.H. Ræder; Yngve Larring; R. Bredesen. 2017. "Palladium (Pd) Membranes as Key Enabling Technology for Pre-combustion CO2 Capture and Hydrogen Production." Energy Procedia 114, no. : 37-45.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2017 in Energy Procedia
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ACS Style

Andrea Luigi Facci; Gabriele Loreti; Stefano Ubertini; Frano Barbir; Thomas Chalkidis; Rolf-Peter Eßling; Thijs Peters; Efthalia Skoufa; Roberto Bove. Numerical Assessment of an Automotive Derivative CHP Fuel Cell System. Energy Procedia 2017, 105, 1564 -1569.

AMA Style

Andrea Luigi Facci, Gabriele Loreti, Stefano Ubertini, Frano Barbir, Thomas Chalkidis, Rolf-Peter Eßling, Thijs Peters, Efthalia Skoufa, Roberto Bove. Numerical Assessment of an Automotive Derivative CHP Fuel Cell System. Energy Procedia. 2017; 105 ():1564-1569.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Luigi Facci; Gabriele Loreti; Stefano Ubertini; Frano Barbir; Thomas Chalkidis; Rolf-Peter Eßling; Thijs Peters; Efthalia Skoufa; Roberto Bove. 2017. "Numerical Assessment of an Automotive Derivative CHP Fuel Cell System." Energy Procedia 105, no. : 1564-1569.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Chemical Engineering Journal
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Pd-based membranes have potential applicability in the PDH process to selectively remove hydrogen. In the current work, H2 flux values and coke formation kinetics applying representative gaseous feed mixtures under varying operating conditions are evaluated and modelled. From these experiments, it is clear that coke formation is very likely under the operating conditions required for an integrated catalyst and membrane system, i.e. temperatures of 450–500 °C and low hydrogen to propene ratios. However, coking could be limited at lower operating temperatures, and a decrease to at least 300 °C, or preferably, to 250 °C is required to obtain a sufficiently stable membrane operation in the conditions observed in a non-integrated sequential reactor-membrane process design. In the sequential reactor-membrane process, the effect of steam content on catalyst and membrane activity and stability were investigated. Results show that steam is required to obtain good catalyst stability, but that the amount of produced H2 is independent on steam content between 7% and 20%. A stable membrane performance is obtained at 200 °C at hydrogen recovery factor (HRF) values varying from 38% to 50%. The developed model of membrane deactivation capitalizes on the observations of a critical H/C ratio beyond which the H2 flux is stable, at a given temperature, and similarly a critical temperature at a given H/C ratio that limit the coking process. The model fits these critical ratios and predicts well the temporal behaviour.

ACS Style

T.A. Peters; O. Liron; Roman Tschentscher; M. Sheintuch; R. Bredesen. Investigation of Pd-based membranes in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes. Chemical Engineering Journal 2016, 305, 191 -200.

AMA Style

T.A. Peters, O. Liron, Roman Tschentscher, M. Sheintuch, R. Bredesen. Investigation of Pd-based membranes in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2016; 305 ():191-200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T.A. Peters; O. Liron; Roman Tschentscher; M. Sheintuch; R. Bredesen. 2016. "Investigation of Pd-based membranes in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes." Chemical Engineering Journal 305, no. : 191-200.

Book chapter
Published: 31 August 2016 in Encyclopedia of Membranes
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Palladium (Pd) has high solubility and diffusivity of hydrogen and shows therefore great promise as a membrane material for medium to high temperature hydrogen separation (250–550 °C). In pure Pd, however, an α-to-β-hydride phase transition may occur in hydrogen below about 290 °C, and only a few cycles through this transition make the material brittle and must be avoided. By alloying Pd with different elements, the phase transition can be suppressed, and the majority of the work related to Pd-alloy membranes applies particularly alloys with 20–30 wt.% Ag and 40 wt.% Cu. The drawback is, however, that these alloys are to various degrees prone to poisoning by CO- and sulfur-containing gases leading to reduced H2 flux or even to a complete membrane failure. Research therefore currently focuses on developing more advanced ternary or quaternary alloys that may be needed to improve the mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability of Pd-based membranes. The main problems with membrane reliabil ...

ACS Style

Thijs Peters. Ternary Pd-Alloy Membranes. Encyclopedia of Membranes 2016, 1886 -1886.

AMA Style

Thijs Peters. Ternary Pd-Alloy Membranes. Encyclopedia of Membranes. 2016; ():1886-1886.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thijs Peters. 2016. "Ternary Pd-Alloy Membranes." Encyclopedia of Membranes , no. : 1886-1886.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2016 in Fuel Processing Technology
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The long-term performance and flux inhibition of a 10 μm-thick Pd77Ag23 membrane under the exposure to varying concentrations of NH3 ranging from 10 to 500 ppm at a temperature between 300 and 450 °C was investigated. At 450 °C no H2 flux inhibition was found in the presence of 200–500 ppm NH3. However, an inhibition of the H2 flux was observed at lower operating temperatures in the presence of 200 ppm NH3. In addition, a further gradual H2 flux decline is observed giving evidence for NH3 adsorption on the membrane surface. A H2 flux reduction of ~ 36% was observed after 20 h of exposure at 300 °C compared to the H2 flux obtained at this temperature in the absence of any NH3. The subsequent increase in operating temperature back to 450 °C, however, quickly recovered the H2 flux back to its original H2 flux value obtained prior to any NH3 exposure at 450 °C. First-principles calculations, however, indicated that H2 flux decrease upon NH3 exposure could not be accounted for by a simple lowering of the hydrogen surface coverage due to the competitive adsorption of NH3 related species under the experimental conditions. The role of NH3 therefore seems more complex, for instance related to hydrogen dissociation kinetics and incorporation or changes in the Pd-alloy membrane due to surface segregation, but this remains uncertain at this stage.

ACS Style

T.A. Peters; J.M. Polfus; M. Stange; P. Veenstra; A. Nijmeijer; R. Bredesen. H 2 flux inhibition and stability of Pd-Ag membranes under exposure to trace amounts of NH 3. Fuel Processing Technology 2016, 152, 259 -265.

AMA Style

T.A. Peters, J.M. Polfus, M. Stange, P. Veenstra, A. Nijmeijer, R. Bredesen. H 2 flux inhibition and stability of Pd-Ag membranes under exposure to trace amounts of NH 3. Fuel Processing Technology. 2016; 152 ():259-265.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T.A. Peters; J.M. Polfus; M. Stange; P. Veenstra; A. Nijmeijer; R. Bredesen. 2016. "H 2 flux inhibition and stability of Pd-Ag membranes under exposure to trace amounts of NH 3." Fuel Processing Technology 152, no. : 259-265.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2016 in Chemical Engineering Journal
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The role of propylene and H2S exposure on Pd-Ag membranes was investigated by hydrogen flux measurements of a magnetron sputtered Pd77Ag23 film and first-principles calculations of hydrogen, sulfur and propylene adsorption on the membrane surface. Upon exposure to 10% propylene, the H2 flux was lowered to 12% of its initial value prior to exposure, which was associated with propylene adsorption and coke formation based on qualitative assessments of the flux degradation kinetics and calculated propylene and hydrogen surface coverages. In the presence of 50–75 ppb H2S, the H2 flux showed a slower gradual decrease upon propylene exposure. Although sulfur adsorption also inhibits H2 flux, this slower decrease resulted in a higher absolute H2 flux in the presence H2S already after 1 h of propylene exposure. Adsorbed sulfur on the membrane surface was suggested to limit coke formation due to a lower calculated surface coverage of propylene as well as a possibly lower migration of propylene and other intermediates across the membrane surface necessary for coke formation.

ACS Style

T.A. Peters; J.M. Polfus; F.P.F. Van Berkel; R. Bredesen. Interplay between propylene and H2S co-adsorption on the H2 flux characteristics of Pd-alloy membranes employed in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes. Chemical Engineering Journal 2016, 304, 134 -140.

AMA Style

T.A. Peters, J.M. Polfus, F.P.F. Van Berkel, R. Bredesen. Interplay between propylene and H2S co-adsorption on the H2 flux characteristics of Pd-alloy membranes employed in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2016; 304 ():134-140.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T.A. Peters; J.M. Polfus; F.P.F. Van Berkel; R. Bredesen. 2016. "Interplay between propylene and H2S co-adsorption on the H2 flux characteristics of Pd-alloy membranes employed in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes." Chemical Engineering Journal 304, no. : 134-140.