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Agota Horel
Centre for Agricultural Research, Institute of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Herman O. St. 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary

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Journal article
Published: 28 April 2021 in Water
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The aim of this study was to do a complex examination of the soil–plant–water system and soil greenhouse gas emissions when biochar is applied to soil planted with sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). The study covers two consecutive vegetation periods. We investigated (i) the changes in plant growth, (ii) soil water and temperature at different depths, (iii) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (CO2 and N2O) after biochar application, and (iv) the soil water, chemistry, and plant interactions. We used discrete measurements for plant growth, biomass production, and soil chemistry, while continuously monitoring the soil water content and temperature, and the state of plant health (i.e., using spectral reflectance sensors). Plant response in the control plot showed higher values of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI; 0.3%) and lower values for photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) by 26.8% and 2.24%, respectively, than for biochar treatments. We found significant negative correlations between fAPAR and soil water contents (SWC), and NDVI and SWC values (−0.59 < r < −0.30; p < 0.05). Soil temperature at the depth of 15 cm influenced soil CO2 emissions to a larger extent (r > 0.5; p < 0.01) than air temperature (0.21 < r < 0.33) or soil water content (r < 0.06; p > 0.05). Our data showed strong connections between GHG production and soil chemical parameters of soil pH, nitrogen, potassium, or phosphate concentrations. Biochar application increased soil CO2 emissions but reduced N2O emissions. Our results demonstrated that biochar amendment to soils can help plant growth initially, but might not result in enhanced crop yield. The plant parameters were substantially different between the investigated years for both control and biochar amended parcels; therefore, long-term studies are essential to document the lasting effects of these treatments.

ACS Style

Ágota Horel; Eszter Tóth. Changes in the Soil–Plant–Water System Due to Biochar Amendment. Water 2021, 13, 1216 .

AMA Style

Ágota Horel, Eszter Tóth. Changes in the Soil–Plant–Water System Due to Biochar Amendment. Water. 2021; 13 (9):1216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ágota Horel; Eszter Tóth. 2021. "Changes in the Soil–Plant–Water System Due to Biochar Amendment." Water 13, no. 9: 1216.

Preprint content
Published: 03 March 2021
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Three slopes with grapevines were investigated to see changes in the soil-plant-water system over vegetation growth. The slopes have the following parameters: 1) young grapevine plants with tilled soil (YR), 2) older grapevines with grassland between rows next to the young grapevine (OR), and 3) older grapevines with grass between rows at a different location and slope position (OF). All experimental slopes had identical plant canopy management such as pruning or shoot and bunch thinning. All slopes are prone to erosion. For continuous hydrological monitoring soil water content and temperature sensors were placed at 15 cm and 40 cm below ground both at the top and bottom of the slopes. For indications of plant growth photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensors were placed below the canopy, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) sensors were used to monitor leaf reflectance. All sites included a set of hemispherical sensor sets to measure incoming radiation. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was measured on a biweekly basis using a handheld ceptometer. We found that in the OR and OF sites the soil water content (VWC) was higher at the lower portion of the slope, while for the YR the VWC was the highest at the top. Soil temperature was higher at the top of the slopes over 6% for YR and 9% for OR sites compared to the bottom measuring points. The most notable difference in the NDVI values was observed for OR, where the plants at the top of the slope showed much lower NDVI values compared to the ones at the bottom of the slope. For the younger grapevines, this tendency was showing the opposite results, the plants at the top of the slope had much higher NDVI values than the lower ones, indicating higher leaf densities. The collected PAR values further support these findings, as the OR plants at the top of the slope had the highest PAR values signifying lower leaf areas and densities. The differences in the PRI values suggest that plants at the bottom of the slope have either better nutrient usage or less stress for drought conditions. The LAI values correlated well with the spectral reflectance sensor data. The OR and OF showed higher LAI at the bottom of the slope, while the younger grapevines showed the opposite. The highest LAI values were observed for the YR (max values were around 7) and the lowest for the OF plants (max LAI value was 3.2).

ACS Style

Agota Horel; Imre Zagyva; Márton Dencső; Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Zsófia Bakacsi. Spatial variability of soil water content and soil chemistry affect grapevine growth in degraded slopes. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Agota Horel, Imre Zagyva, Márton Dencső, Eszter Tóth, Györgyi Gelybó, Zsófia Bakacsi. Spatial variability of soil water content and soil chemistry affect grapevine growth in degraded slopes. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agota Horel; Imre Zagyva; Márton Dencső; Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Zsófia Bakacsi. 2021. "Spatial variability of soil water content and soil chemistry affect grapevine growth in degraded slopes." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 December 2020 in Agronomy
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Understanding the roles of natural drivers and anthropogenic activities in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of arable fields is crucial for adopting the most appropriate agricultural management. This study investigated the effect of two tillage treatments of mouldboard ploughing (MP) and no-tillage (NT), and the environmental factors (soil water content and temperature, carbon content and nitrogen forms) on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The research was conducted on chernozem soil under winter wheat cultivation. Besides field monitoring, several laboratory experiments took place to examine the effects of environmental drivers and fertilization management on soil GHG emissions. We observed no significant difference between the CO2 emission of MP and NT during a full year period. Nevertheless, significant differences were found in the sub-periods (more particularly during vegetation and then after harvest). NT had higher CO2 emission than MP in all laboratory experiments (p < 0.001) and in the after harvest period of the field trial, measured on bare soil (p < 0.0001). NT had significantly higher N2O emission both under laboratory (p < 0.0001) and field conditions (p < 0.0081). Different fertilization showed no distinguishable effect on N2O emission in the laboratory. This study confirms that N2O emission of the arable field depended more on soil water content than soil temperature, and vice-versa for CO2 emission.

ACS Style

Márton Dencső; Ágota Horel; Igor Bogunovic; Eszter Tóth. Effects of Environmental Drivers and Agricultural Management on Soil CO2 and N2O Emissions. Agronomy 2020, 11, 54 .

AMA Style

Márton Dencső, Ágota Horel, Igor Bogunovic, Eszter Tóth. Effects of Environmental Drivers and Agricultural Management on Soil CO2 and N2O Emissions. Agronomy. 2020; 11 (1):54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Márton Dencső; Ágota Horel; Igor Bogunovic; Eszter Tóth. 2020. "Effects of Environmental Drivers and Agricultural Management on Soil CO2 and N2O Emissions." Agronomy 11, no. 1: 54.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2020 in Agronomy
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Soil enhancements such as biochar (BC) are gaining attention as tools to mitigate climate change and also to promote crop growth. However, biochar use can disrupt soil ecosystems by changing the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. The study aimed to determine how biochar influences soil physical changes such as specific surface area (SSA) and water vapor sorption, and how these conditions affect arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) hyphae growth and glomalin production. The study analyzed these factors at different plant phenological phases (i.e., flowering, development of fruit, and ripening of fruit and seed) to better understand the changes within the system while varying biochar amounts. The study also investigated the effect of different soil physical and chemical parameters on mycorrhizal hyphae growth and glomalin production. Four treatments were investigated: 0, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (w/w) biochar amended silt loam soil planted with pepper. Soil samples were taken at the beginning and weeks 6, 10, and 12 of the study. The amount of adsorbed water vapor increased with an increasing amount of biochar added to the soils. Compared to control, SSA was significantly higher in all biochar amended treatments based on adsorption data, and only in the highest biochar amended soils for the desorption data at the end of the experiment. The presence of AMF in the roots appeared at week 6 of the experiment and the intensity of AMF root colonization increased with the age of plants. The AMF colonization parameters were significantly lower in BC2.5 compared to all other biochar amended soils. The abundance of intraradical AMF structures was highly correlated with several physicochemical soil parameters, such as SSA, the geometric mean diameter of soil aggregate, soil aggregate sizes, or pH. Glomalin production was negatively correlated with SSA, water vapor adsorption, aggregate stability, aggregate size, total nitrogen, potassium, and organic carbon content of the soil, while positive correlation was observed with bulk density. Increased biochar amount resulted in a significant decrease in glomalin production, concurrent with the age of the plants. Our results highlight the great complexity of interactions between soil physicochemical and biological parameters, and the importance of the time of sampling when biochar is used in soil, as the effects of biochar additions on the plant, soil physical characteristics, and soil microsymbionts vary over time.

ACS Style

Gyöngyi Barna; András Makó; Tünde Takács; Kamil Skic; Anna Füzy; Ágota Horel. Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1933 .

AMA Style

Gyöngyi Barna, András Makó, Tünde Takács, Kamil Skic, Anna Füzy, Ágota Horel. Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):1933.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gyöngyi Barna; András Makó; Tünde Takács; Kamil Skic; Anna Füzy; Ágota Horel. 2020. "Biochar Alters Soil Physical Characteristics, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Colonization, and Glomalin Production." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 1933.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The present study investigated the growth of Capsicum annuum L. (pepper) in an outdoor pot experiment. Changes in the plants’ aboveground and root biomass, leaf area, plant height, stem thickness, and yield, as a response to different doses of biochar amendments were observed. During the 12.5-week-long study, four treatments with biochar amounts of 0, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (by weight) were added to silt loam soil. Photochemical responses of plants, the plants photochemical reflectance index (PRI) modified by the different doses of biochar were continuously monitored. Plant height and fruit yield were initially the highest for BC5.0; however, by the end of the experiment, both parameters showed higher values for BC2.5, e.g., 15.9 and 9.1% higher plant height and 32.5 and 22.6% higher fruit yield for BC2.5 and BC5.0 compared to control, respectively. By the end of the experiment the BC2.5 treatments had significantly higher stem thickness (p < 0.001) compared to all other amendments. Root dry matter in biochar treatments increased relative to controls with the highest values (54.9% increase) observed in the BC2.5 treatment. Biochar treatment increased leaf area index (LAI) values for the higher doses (1.58, 1.59, 2.03, and 1.89 for C, BC0.5, BC2.5, and BC5.0, respectively). Significant differences between control and biochar amended soils’ PRI measurements were observed (p < 0.001), showing less plant sensitivity to environmental changes when biochar was applied to the soil. While biochar amendment could greatly enhance plant growth and development, there is an optimal amount of biochar after which additional amount might not result in substantial differences, or even can result in lower fruit yield as found in the present study.

ACS Style

Klára Pokovai; Eszter Tóth; Ágota Horel. Growth and Photosynthetic Response of Capsicum annuum L. in Biochar Amended Soil. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 4111 .

AMA Style

Klára Pokovai, Eszter Tóth, Ágota Horel. Growth and Photosynthetic Response of Capsicum annuum L. in Biochar Amended Soil. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (12):4111.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Klára Pokovai; Eszter Tóth; Ágota Horel. 2020. "Growth and Photosynthetic Response of Capsicum annuum L. in Biochar Amended Soil." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12: 4111.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2020 in Microorganisms
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Naturally occurring microorganisms in soil matrices play a significant role in overall hydrocarbon contaminant removal. Bacterial and fungal degradation processes are major contributors to aerobic remediation of surface contaminants. This study investigated degradation of conventional diesel, heating diesel fuel, synthetic diesel (Syntroleum), fish biodiesel and a 20% biodiesel/diesel blend by naturally present microbial communities in laboratory microcosms under favorable environmental conditions. Visible fungal remediation was observed with Syntroleum and fish biodiesel contaminated samples, which also showed the highest total hydrocarbon mineralization (>48%) during the first 28 days of the experiment. Heating diesel and conventional diesel fuels showed the lowest total hydrocarbon mineralization with 18–23% under favorable conditions. In concurrent experiments with growth of fungi suspended on a grid in the air space above a specific fuel with little or no soil, fungi were able to survive and grow solely on volatile hydrocarbon compounds as a carbon source. These setups involved negligible bacterial degradation for all five investigated fuel types. Fungal species able to grow on specific hydrocarbon substrates were identified as belonging to the genera of Giberella, Mortierella, Fusarium, Trichoderma, and Penicillium.

ACS Style

Agota Horel; Silke Schiewer. Microbial Degradation of Different Hydrocarbon Fuels with Mycoremediation of Volatiles. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 163 .

AMA Style

Agota Horel, Silke Schiewer. Microbial Degradation of Different Hydrocarbon Fuels with Mycoremediation of Volatiles. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (2):163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agota Horel; Silke Schiewer. 2020. "Microbial Degradation of Different Hydrocarbon Fuels with Mycoremediation of Volatiles." Microorganisms 8, no. 2: 163.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2019 in Agrokémia és Talajtan
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Összefoglalás Jelen tanulmányban megvizsgáltuk a nitrogén átalakulással kapcsolatos nitrogén forgalmi folyamatok módosulását a nitrogénkötés-, a denitrifikáció-,- illetve a nitrifikációs aktivitás mérésével. A vizsgálatok alapanyagaként különböző földhasználati területekről származó talajmintákat használtunk fel. Az anyaggyőjtés helyszíneként a Balaton-felvidéken elterülő 21 km2 kiterjedéső vízgyőjtő terület szolgált. A talajmintákat hat földhasználati területről győjtöttük, úgy, mint tölgyesakácos, tölgyes, szőlő, szántó, gyümölcsös és rét. A nitrogén forgalommal kapcsolatos laboratóriumi kísérletek sötét, és szabályozott hőmérsékleti körülmények között kerültek kivitelezésre, három hőmérsékleten (10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C). Ennek célja az volt, hogy a vízgyőjtő területén előforduló hőmérsékleti körülményeket megfelelően tudjuk modellezni. A potenciális nitrogénkötés vizsgálatánál pozitív korrelációt találtunk, vagy érdemi változást nem figyeltünk meg a hőmérséklet függvényében. A szántó, gyümölcsös illetve a rét talajmintáinál a nitrogénkötést mutató értékek csökkenését észleltük a hőmérséklet növelésével (10-20 °C). Az erdőből származó talajmintákban ugyanakkor nem tapasztaltunk változást. 30 °C hőmérsékleten szignifikáns növekedést kaptunk a nitrogénkötési potenciálok tekintetében (p < 0,05), a 10 °C, illetve 20 °C hőmérsékleten mért adatokkal összevetve. A talajok nettó nitrifikációs potenciáljának vizsgálatakor negatív korrelációt figyeltünk meg magasabb hőmérsékleteken. A legnagyobb értékeket 10 °C hőmérsékleten, míg a legalacsonyabb eredményeket 30 °C hőmérsékleten mértük. Az erdei talajok elemzése során nem jegyeztünk fel lényeges különbségeket a potenciális denitrifikációs folyamat különböző hőmérsékleteken mért eredményei között. A többi, eltérő földhasználati területről származó minták változó hőmérsékleten feljegyzett értékei között azonban jelentős eltéréseket tapasztaltunk (p < 0,05). Összességében úgy találtuk, hogy egy terület mővelési módja jelentősen befolyásolhatja a talaj nitrogén forgalmának alakulását, különösen azokban az esetekben, amikor tápanyagutánpótlás is történik. A jelen tanulmány adatai alapján megállapítottuk, hogy a vizsgált vízgyőjtőn az emberi behatásoknak kisebb mértékben kitett területek nitrogén körforgalmi folyamatai kevésbé érzékenyek a hőmérsékleti változásokra.

ACS Style

Szandra Baklanov; Ágota Horel; Györgyi Gelybó; Eszter Tóth; Márton Dencső; Emese Ujj; Imre Potyó. Különböző földhasználatú területek talajának nitrogénforgalmi vizsgálata változó hőmérsékleti értékeken. Agrokémia és Talajtan 2019, 68, 79 -96.

AMA Style

Szandra Baklanov, Ágota Horel, Györgyi Gelybó, Eszter Tóth, Márton Dencső, Emese Ujj, Imre Potyó. Különböző földhasználatú területek talajának nitrogénforgalmi vizsgálata változó hőmérsékleti értékeken. Agrokémia és Talajtan. 2019; 68 (1):79-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szandra Baklanov; Ágota Horel; Györgyi Gelybó; Eszter Tóth; Márton Dencső; Emese Ujj; Imre Potyó. 2019. "Különböző földhasználatú területek talajának nitrogénforgalmi vizsgálata változó hőmérsékleti értékeken." Agrokémia és Talajtan 68, no. 1: 79-96.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2019 in Agronomy
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Research on the use of soil enhancer materials such as biochar from soil chemical perspective still provide differing results; therefore, investigations focusing on soil-biochar-plant interactions are still necessary to constrain our understanding of complex biochar effects. The present study investigated the changes in biological nitrogen fixation rates (BNF) and overall nutrient dynamics (NO3−, NH4+, total N, K2O, and P2O5) during the growth of Capsicum annuum (pepper) in pot experiments amended with biochar made of paper fiber sludge and grain husk. Four treatments were studied with 0, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (by weight) added biochar (BC) amount to temperate silt loam soil. Peppers were planted at 2–4 leave stages and grown for the duration of 12.5 weeks. Our results showed that total nitrogen had relatively small changes in all treatments over time compared to the dynamic changes observed in the case of inorganic nutrients. NO3−-N and NH4+-N abundances presented a continuous decrease during the course of the study after an initial increase. The pepper plant facilitated the BNF rates to triple in the control soils, while plants were in the growing phase (weeks 1–6), which further increased an additional 61% by harvesting (week 12). A high amount of biochar addition suppressed potential BNF rates of the investigated soil, indicating its potentially negative effects on soil indigenous microbial communities if added in excess. We also found a plateau in plant biomass production that after reaching an optimal (2.5%) biochar amendment in the soils, and excess biochar addition did not result in significant changes in the soils’ pH to achieve better nutrient (potassium, nitrogen, phosphorous) use or crop growth.

ACS Style

Ágota Horel; Györgyi Gelybó; Imre Potyó; Klára Pokovai; Zsófia Bakacsi. Soil Nutrient Dynamics and Nitrogen Fixation Rate Changes over Plant Growth in Temperate Soil. Agronomy 2019, 9, 179 .

AMA Style

Ágota Horel, Györgyi Gelybó, Imre Potyó, Klára Pokovai, Zsófia Bakacsi. Soil Nutrient Dynamics and Nitrogen Fixation Rate Changes over Plant Growth in Temperate Soil. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (4):179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ágota Horel; Györgyi Gelybó; Imre Potyó; Klára Pokovai; Zsófia Bakacsi. 2019. "Soil Nutrient Dynamics and Nitrogen Fixation Rate Changes over Plant Growth in Temperate Soil." Agronomy 9, no. 4: 179.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2019 in Agronomy
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Recent studies on using soil enhancer material, such as biochar, provide varying results from a soil hydrological and chemical perspective. Therefore, research focusing on soil-biochar-plant interactions is still necessary to enhance our knowledge on complex effects of biochar on soil characteristics. The present study investigated the changes in soil water content (SWC) and soil respiration (belowground CO2 production) over time during the growth of Capsicum annuum (pepper) in pot experiments. Concurrently, we investigated the influence of grain husk biochar with the amount of 0, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (by weight) added to silt loam soil. Pepper plants were grown under natural environmental conditions to better represent field conditions, and additional irrigation was applied. SWC among treatments showed minor changes to precipitation during the beginning of the study while plants were in the growing phase. The highest water holding throughout the experiment was observed in the case of BC5.0. CO2 production increased in biochar amended soils during the first few days of the experiments; while the overall cumulative CO2 production was the highest in control and the lowest in BC2.5 treatments. We used the HYDRUS 1D soil hydrological model to simulate changes in SWC, using the control treatment without biochar as a reference data source for model calibration. The simulated SWC dynamics fitted well the measured ones in all treatments. Therefore, the HYDRUS 1D can be an exceptionally valuable tool to predict the hydrological response of different amount of biochar addition to silt loam soil including plant growth.

ACS Style

Ágota Horel; Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Márton Dencső; Csilla Farkas. Biochar Amendment Affects Soil Water and CO2 Regime during Capsicum Annuum Plant Growth. Agronomy 2019, 9, 58 .

AMA Style

Ágota Horel, Eszter Tóth, Györgyi Gelybó, Márton Dencső, Csilla Farkas. Biochar Amendment Affects Soil Water and CO2 Regime during Capsicum Annuum Plant Growth. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (2):58.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ágota Horel; Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Márton Dencső; Csilla Farkas. 2019. "Biochar Amendment Affects Soil Water and CO2 Regime during Capsicum Annuum Plant Growth." Agronomy 9, no. 2: 58.

Journal article
Published: 22 September 2018 in Arabian Journal of Geosciences
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Soil nutrient dynamics, potential biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) changes, and their relations were studied using four land use types. Further, we investigated BNF changes in the presence of biochar in soils. Soil samples were collected from arable, vineyard, grassland, and forest soils during four seasons, and analyzed for abiotic contents of total nitrogen, NH4+-N, NO3−-N, ammonium lactate (AL)-soluble K2O, P2O5, and soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations. Potential N2 fixation was measured as ethylene (C2H4) production from acetylene (C2H2) reduction (ARA). The study focused on the changes in ARA when different types of biochars (T600, T650, and T700) were applied to soil samples in different amounts (0, 0.5, 2.5, and 5.0% wt wt−1) under laboratory conditions. We found strong correlations between soil chemical parameters and ARA values, especially in the case of soil pH, total N, SOC, and P2O5 contents. In the case of arable soil, the ARA measurements were up to 227 times higher compared to grassland and forest samples. Biochar application affected N2-fixing microbial responses among land use types, most notably decreases in arable lands and forest soils. We found that a high amount of biochar added to the soils can greatly suppress N2-fixing activities. Our results highlight the strong relationship between soil nutrient changes and the intensity of anthropogenic influence.

ACS Style

Agota Horel; Imre Potyó; Tibor Szili-Kovács; Sándor Molnár. Potential nitrogen fixation changes under different land uses as influenced by seasons and biochar amendments. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2018, 11, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Agota Horel, Imre Potyó, Tibor Szili-Kovács, Sándor Molnár. Potential nitrogen fixation changes under different land uses as influenced by seasons and biochar amendments. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2018; 11 (18):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agota Horel; Imre Potyó; Tibor Szili-Kovács; Sándor Molnár. 2018. "Potential nitrogen fixation changes under different land uses as influenced by seasons and biochar amendments." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 11, no. 18: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2018 in Sustainability
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Greenhouse gases emitted from agricultural soils entering the atmosphere must be reduced to decrease negative impacts on the environment. As soil management can have an influence on greenhouse gas emissions, we investigated the effects of different soil management systems and enhancer materials on CO2 and N2O fluxes in a vineyard. Five treatments were investigated: (i) no-till management with no fertilizer addition as the control (C); (ii) tilled soil (shallow) with no fertilizer (T); (iii) tilled soil, no fertilizer, and biochar application (T + BC); (iv) tilled soil and manure addition (T + M); and (v) tilled soil, manure, and biochar application (T + M + BC). T treatment showed the highest overall N2O emission, while the lowest was observed in the case of T + M + BC, while manure and biochar addition decreased. Tillage in general increased overall CO2 emissions in all treatments (T 26.7% and T + BC 30.0% higher CO2 than C), while manure addition resulted in reduced soil respiration values (T + M 23.0% and T + M + BC 24.8% lower CO2 than T). There were no strong correlations between temperatures or soil water contents and N2O emissions, while in terms of CO2 emissions, weak to moderately strong connections were observed with environmental drivers.

ACS Style

Ágota Horel; Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Márton Dencső; Imre Potyó. Soil CO2 and N2O Emission Drivers in a Vineyard (Vitis vinifera) under Different Soil Management Systems and Amendments. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1811 .

AMA Style

Ágota Horel, Eszter Tóth, Györgyi Gelybó, Márton Dencső, Imre Potyó. Soil CO2 and N2O Emission Drivers in a Vineyard (Vitis vinifera) under Different Soil Management Systems and Amendments. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (6):1811.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ágota Horel; Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Márton Dencső; Imre Potyó. 2018. "Soil CO2 and N2O Emission Drivers in a Vineyard (Vitis vinifera) under Different Soil Management Systems and Amendments." Sustainability 10, no. 6: 1811.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2018 in Soil Management and Climate Change
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ACS Style

Adesiji R. Adeolu; Katerina Agelaki; Taofic Alabi; Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes; Andry Andriamananjara; Riana H. Andrisoa; Rodrigo Antón; Marcos Apesteguia; José L. Arrúe; Shrikant Badole; Dhananjay Barman; Andreas Baumgarten; Pratap Bhattacharyya; Ana Bielsa; Márta Birkás; Juan A. Blanco; Bernard Bodson; Nadhem Brahim; Yves Brostaux; Asuman Büyükkılıç-Yanardag; Alison Cameron; María B. Almendro Candel; Carlos Cantero-Martínez; Dora M. Carmona-Garcés; Daniel Cluzeau; Gilles Colinet; Ashim Datta; Denise De Lima Dias Delarica; Gabriel M.P. De Melo; Valéria P. De Melo; Wanderley J. De Melo; Eráclito R. de Sousa-Neto; Márton Dencső; Georg Dersch; Claudia Di Bene; Riviane M.A. Donha; Javier Jerez Escolano; Roberta Farina; Ángel Faz; Ángel Faz-Cano; Rosa Francaviglia; Frédéric Francis; Uwe Franko; Jan Frouz; Noelia Garcia-Franco; Györgyi Gelybó; Luciene Gomes; Melisa Gómez-Garrido; Ralf Gründling; Eric Haubruge; Jennifer Hewson; Eleanor Hobley; Ágota Horel; Rico Hübner; Hatem Ibrahim; Julia P.G. Jones; Christophe Jourdan; Ilona Kása; Victor Kavvadias; Georgios Koubouris; Anantha Krishna Chaitanya; Aboulkacem Lemtiri; Beatriz Lozano-García; I. Gomez Lucas; Shyam Prasad Majumder; Stella Malliaraki; Biswapati Mandal; Alessandro Marchetti; Silvia Martínez-Martínez; Juan José Martínez-Sánchez; Thamer A. Mohammad; José Luis Moreno; Maria Angeles Muñoz; Nathália Nascimento; Nik N. Nik Daud; Rafael Obregón-Romero; Alfonso Olaya-Abril; Claire Olivier; Jean P. Ometto; Sara Ondoño; Felipe Pacheco; Dhaneshwar Padhan; Maria Papadopoulou; Luis Parras-Alcántara; J. Navarro Pedreño; Chiara Piccini; Jérome Pierreux; Alain Plante; Daniel Plaza-Bonilla; Georgios Psarras; Akhilesh Singh Raghubanshi; Gabrielle Rajoelison; Tahiana Ramananantoandro; Nantenaina Ramboatiana; Nandrianina Ramifehiarivo; Ntsoa Ranaivoson; Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery; Marie P. Razafimanantsoa; Tantely Razafimbelo; Ravo N.G. Razafinarivo; Mieja Razafindrakoto; Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo; Padfield Rory; Laurent Saint-André; Taru Sandén; Alexander K. Sayok; Rishikesh Singh; Hema Singh; Heide Spiegel; Pratap Srivastava; Evers Stephanie; Martire A. Terrero; Sideris Theocharopoulos; Eszter Toth; SachchidaNand Tripathi; Antonio Troccoli; Ilja Van Meerveld; Evangelia Vavoulidou; Olga Vindušková; Iñigo Virto; Martin Wiesmeier; Raúl Zornoza; Antonis A. Zorpas. Contributors. Soil Management and Climate Change 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Adesiji R. Adeolu, Katerina Agelaki, Taofic Alabi, Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes, Andry Andriamananjara, Riana H. Andrisoa, Rodrigo Antón, Marcos Apesteguia, José L. Arrúe, Shrikant Badole, Dhananjay Barman, Andreas Baumgarten, Pratap Bhattacharyya, Ana Bielsa, Márta Birkás, Juan A. Blanco, Bernard Bodson, Nadhem Brahim, Yves Brostaux, Asuman Büyükkılıç-Yanardag, Alison Cameron, María B. Almendro Candel, Carlos Cantero-Martínez, Dora M. Carmona-Garcés, Daniel Cluzeau, Gilles Colinet, Ashim Datta, Denise De Lima Dias Delarica, Gabriel M.P. De Melo, Valéria P. De Melo, Wanderley J. De Melo, Eráclito R. de Sousa-Neto, Márton Dencső, Georg Dersch, Claudia Di Bene, Riviane M.A. Donha, Javier Jerez Escolano, Roberta Farina, Ángel Faz, Ángel Faz-Cano, Rosa Francaviglia, Frédéric Francis, Uwe Franko, Jan Frouz, Noelia Garcia-Franco, Györgyi Gelybó, Luciene Gomes, Melisa Gómez-Garrido, Ralf Gründling, Eric Haubruge, Jennifer Hewson, Eleanor Hobley, Ágota Horel, Rico Hübner, Hatem Ibrahim, Julia P.G. Jones, Christophe Jourdan, Ilona Kása, Victor Kavvadias, Georgios Koubouris, Anantha Krishna Chaitanya, Aboulkacem Lemtiri, Beatriz Lozano-García, I. Gomez Lucas, Shyam Prasad Majumder, Stella Malliaraki, Biswapati Mandal, Alessandro Marchetti, Silvia Martínez-Martínez, Juan José Martínez-Sánchez, Thamer A. Mohammad, José Luis Moreno, Maria Angeles Muñoz, Nathália Nascimento, Nik N. Nik Daud, Rafael Obregón-Romero, Alfonso Olaya-Abril, Claire Olivier, Jean P. Ometto, Sara Ondoño, Felipe Pacheco, Dhaneshwar Padhan, Maria Papadopoulou, Luis Parras-Alcántara, J. Navarro Pedreño, Chiara Piccini, Jérome Pierreux, Alain Plante, Daniel Plaza-Bonilla, Georgios Psarras, Akhilesh Singh Raghubanshi, Gabrielle Rajoelison, Tahiana Ramananantoandro, Nantenaina Ramboatiana, Nandrianina Ramifehiarivo, Ntsoa Ranaivoson, Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery, Marie P. Razafimanantsoa, Tantely Razafimbelo, Ravo N.G. Razafinarivo, Mieja Razafindrakoto, Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo, Padfield Rory, Laurent Saint-André, Taru Sandén, Alexander K. Sayok, Rishikesh Singh, Hema Singh, Heide Spiegel, Pratap Srivastava, Evers Stephanie, Martire A. Terrero, Sideris Theocharopoulos, Eszter Toth, SachchidaNand Tripathi, Antonio Troccoli, Ilja Van Meerveld, Evangelia Vavoulidou, Olga Vindušková, Iñigo Virto, Martin Wiesmeier, Raúl Zornoza, Antonis A. Zorpas. Contributors. Soil Management and Climate Change. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adesiji R. Adeolu; Katerina Agelaki; Taofic Alabi; Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes; Andry Andriamananjara; Riana H. Andrisoa; Rodrigo Antón; Marcos Apesteguia; José L. Arrúe; Shrikant Badole; Dhananjay Barman; Andreas Baumgarten; Pratap Bhattacharyya; Ana Bielsa; Márta Birkás; Juan A. Blanco; Bernard Bodson; Nadhem Brahim; Yves Brostaux; Asuman Büyükkılıç-Yanardag; Alison Cameron; María B. Almendro Candel; Carlos Cantero-Martínez; Dora M. Carmona-Garcés; Daniel Cluzeau; Gilles Colinet; Ashim Datta; Denise De Lima Dias Delarica; Gabriel M.P. De Melo; Valéria P. De Melo; Wanderley J. De Melo; Eráclito R. de Sousa-Neto; Márton Dencső; Georg Dersch; Claudia Di Bene; Riviane M.A. Donha; Javier Jerez Escolano; Roberta Farina; Ángel Faz; Ángel Faz-Cano; Rosa Francaviglia; Frédéric Francis; Uwe Franko; Jan Frouz; Noelia Garcia-Franco; Györgyi Gelybó; Luciene Gomes; Melisa Gómez-Garrido; Ralf Gründling; Eric Haubruge; Jennifer Hewson; Eleanor Hobley; Ágota Horel; Rico Hübner; Hatem Ibrahim; Julia P.G. Jones; Christophe Jourdan; Ilona Kása; Victor Kavvadias; Georgios Koubouris; Anantha Krishna Chaitanya; Aboulkacem Lemtiri; Beatriz Lozano-García; I. Gomez Lucas; Shyam Prasad Majumder; Stella Malliaraki; Biswapati Mandal; Alessandro Marchetti; Silvia Martínez-Martínez; Juan José Martínez-Sánchez; Thamer A. Mohammad; José Luis Moreno; Maria Angeles Muñoz; Nathália Nascimento; Nik N. Nik Daud; Rafael Obregón-Romero; Alfonso Olaya-Abril; Claire Olivier; Jean P. Ometto; Sara Ondoño; Felipe Pacheco; Dhaneshwar Padhan; Maria Papadopoulou; Luis Parras-Alcántara; J. Navarro Pedreño; Chiara Piccini; Jérome Pierreux; Alain Plante; Daniel Plaza-Bonilla; Georgios Psarras; Akhilesh Singh Raghubanshi; Gabrielle Rajoelison; Tahiana Ramananantoandro; Nantenaina Ramboatiana; Nandrianina Ramifehiarivo; Ntsoa Ranaivoson; Andriambolantsoa Rasolohery; Marie P. Razafimanantsoa; Tantely Razafimbelo; Ravo N.G. Razafinarivo; Mieja Razafindrakoto; Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo; Padfield Rory; Laurent Saint-André; Taru Sandén; Alexander K. Sayok; Rishikesh Singh; Hema Singh; Heide Spiegel; Pratap Srivastava; Evers Stephanie; Martire A. Terrero; Sideris Theocharopoulos; Eszter Toth; SachchidaNand Tripathi; Antonio Troccoli; Ilja Van Meerveld; Evangelia Vavoulidou; Olga Vindušková; Iñigo Virto; Martin Wiesmeier; Raúl Zornoza; Antonis A. Zorpas. 2018. "Contributors." Soil Management and Climate Change , no. : 1.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2018 in Soil Management and Climate Change
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ACS Style

Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Márton Dencső; Ilona Kása; Márta Birkás; Ágota Horel. Soil CO 2 Emissions in a Long-Term Tillage Treatment Experiment. Soil Management and Climate Change 2018, 293 -307.

AMA Style

Eszter Tóth, Györgyi Gelybó, Márton Dencső, Ilona Kása, Márta Birkás, Ágota Horel. Soil CO 2 Emissions in a Long-Term Tillage Treatment Experiment. Soil Management and Climate Change. 2018; ():293-307.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eszter Tóth; Györgyi Gelybó; Márton Dencső; Ilona Kása; Márta Birkás; Ágota Horel. 2018. "Soil CO 2 Emissions in a Long-Term Tillage Treatment Experiment." Soil Management and Climate Change , no. : 293-307.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
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Biodiesel is increasingly used in transportation and heating as an alternative to diesel fuel, furthering sustainability by reducing fossil fuel use and posing lower risks when spilled. The bioremediation of soil contaminated with a 20% fish biodiesel blend or heating diesel (HD) was studied in laboratory microcosms. Fresh fuel and artificially weathered fuel were compared by placing activated carbon (AC) in the microcosms to remove volatile fuel fractions, accelerating hydrocarbon weathering. After a brief lag phase, during which all microcosms behaved similarly, microbial respiration increased exponentially. In general, biodiesel blend was biodegraded faster than HD and high degradation rates were sustained substantially longer for biodiesel blend than for HD. Cumulative mineralization was considerably higher for biodiesel blend than for HD fuel. The weathering induced by activated carbon suppressed mineralization rates for the first three weeks, resulting in lower cumulative mineralization and nitrogen use. As calculated from nitrogen consumption, about 10% of the carbon from hydrocarbons was incorporated into biomass. After four weeks, approximately only half of the fuel hydrocarbons remained in the soil. Overall, accelerated fuel weathering, caused by AC addition, especially when frequently changed, resulted in decreased fuel mineralization, decreased nitrogen use, and lower respiration values during the exponential phase compared with controls without AC.

ACS Style

Silke Schiewer; Agota Horel. Biodiesel Addition Influences Biodegradation Rates of Fresh and Artificially Weathered Diesel Fuel in Alaskan Sand. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering 2017, 31, 04017012 .

AMA Style

Silke Schiewer, Agota Horel. Biodiesel Addition Influences Biodegradation Rates of Fresh and Artificially Weathered Diesel Fuel in Alaskan Sand. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering. 2017; 31 (4):04017012.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silke Schiewer; Agota Horel. 2017. "Biodiesel Addition Influences Biodegradation Rates of Fresh and Artificially Weathered Diesel Fuel in Alaskan Sand." Journal of Cold Regions Engineering 31, no. 4: 04017012.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Agrokémia és Talajtan
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A vizsgálat 42 órája alatt (2016. február 3–4.) és az előtte lévő öt hónapban összesen négy nagyobb mennyiségű csapadékesemény történt a Csorsza-patak vízgyűjtő területén. A vizsgált esőzés időszakában 21,6 mm csapadékmennyiség hullott összesen a vízgyűjtő területére 5 órás intervallumban. A csapadékesemény első órájában a patak zavarosság értéke majdnem megduplázódott, viszont így is viszonylag alacsony szinten maradt a későbbiekben mért értékekhez viszonyítva. Az esőzés kezdetét követő 7. órában emelkedett meg jelentősen a zavarosság mértéke, több mint 14-szeresére, a 13–14. órában pedig 34-szeresére nőtt a vizsgálat előtti naphoz viszonyítva. A Csorsza-patak zavarosságának nagysága nem sokkal a tetőzést követően nagy mértékben lecsökkent, 13 órával később pedig hasonló értékeket mutatott, mint a vizsgálat előtti esőzés nélküli időszakban. A nagyobb esőzések alkalmával az alacsonyabb területeken fekvő, minimális lejtésű szántó esetében telítettséghez közeli talajnedvesség-tartalom volt megfigyelhető, míg a legkisebb talajnedvesség-tartalom ingadozás az esőzést követően a gyepes és az erdős területekre volt jellemző. A jelen vizsgálatban összegyűjtött adatok alapján a Csorsza-patakból a Balatonba bekerülő talajhordalék mennyisége a téli időszakban, az erozív esőzések gyakoriságának ismeretében könnyebben és pontosabban becsülhető. Annak érdekében, hogy az éves átlag lebegtetett hordalék mennyiségének a becslését pontosabban el tudjuk végezni, több időszakos mérésre volna szükség. Munkánkat az OTKA K—101065 projekt, az OTKA PD—116157 és OTKA PD—116084 kutatási projekt, valamint a Bolyai János Kutatási Ösztöndíj támogatta. Külön köszönet Mózes Mariann és Bányász Ágnes részére a laboratóriumi vizsgálatokban nyújtott segítségükért, valamint Szegvári Győző és kollégáinak a zánkai vízminták gyűjtésében való hatalmas segítségükért.

ACS Style

Agota Horel; Zs. Bakacsi; M. Dencső; Csilla Farkas; Gy. Gelybó; I. Kása; E. Tóth; S. Molnár; S. Koós. Eső hatása a Csorsza-patak vízgyűjtőjének téli hidrológiai folyamataira. Agrokémia és Talajtan 2017, 66, 61 -77.

AMA Style

Agota Horel, Zs. Bakacsi, M. Dencső, Csilla Farkas, Gy. Gelybó, I. Kása, E. Tóth, S. Molnár, S. Koós. Eső hatása a Csorsza-patak vízgyűjtőjének téli hidrológiai folyamataira. Agrokémia és Talajtan. 2017; 66 (1):61-77.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agota Horel; Zs. Bakacsi; M. Dencső; Csilla Farkas; Gy. Gelybó; I. Kása; E. Tóth; S. Molnár; S. Koós. 2017. "Eső hatása a Csorsza-patak vízgyűjtőjének téli hidrológiai folyamataira." Agrokémia és Talajtan 66, no. 1: 61-77.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Agrokémia és Talajtan
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A talajok tulajdonságainak javítása céljából végzett bioszénnel történő kezelések hatása a különböző fizikai, kémiai és biológiai tulajdonságú talajok esetében még nem teljesen ismert. Kísérleteinket homoktalajon végeztük az MTA ATK TAKI Őrbottyánban lévő kísérleti telepén, ahol kukoricát vetettek. Hét kezelést vizsgáltunk, négy ismétlésben. Három esetben a talaj különböző dózisban bioszenet és konstans dózisú műtrágyát tartalmazott (0,1 m/m%; 0,5 m/m%; 1 m/m%; jelölésük BC0,1M; BC0,5M; BC1,0M), három esetben pedig a fent említett bioszén dózisokat egységesen 10 t/ha komposzttal egészítettük ki (BC0,1K; BC0,5K; BC1,0K). Ezek mellett pedig kialakítottunk egy bioszén és komposzt mentes abszolút kontroll (K) kezelést is. Kutatásunk során talajszondákkal monitoroztuk a talajnedvességtartalmának alakulását, valamint statikus kamrás mintavételi eljárással a talajlégzést is mértük a kezelésekben. A talajnedvesség éves átlagát nézve 1% bioszénnel és komposzttal kezelt parcella esetében a talaj nedvességtartalma nem szignifikáns mértékben növekedett a bioszén és komposzt mentes abszolút kontroll környezethez képest. Csapadékesemények alkalmával az 1% bioszenet és komposztot tartalmazó parcellában nőtt meg legjobban a talajnedvesség, illetve hasonlóan alakult a nedvességtartalom a 0,5% bioszénnel kezelt műtrágyás parcellában is. Csapadékesemények után az összes bioszenet és műtrágyát, illetve bioszenet és komposztot tartalmazó parcellában gyorsabban száradt ki a talaj a kontrollhoz képest. A csapadékban szegényebb, szárazabb időszak alkalmával egyedül az 1% bioszenet és komposztot tartalmazó kezelés talajnedvessége volt magasabb a kontrollhoz képest, a 0,5% bioszénnel és műtrágyával kezelt, komposzt mentes esetben a nedvesség hasonlóan alakult a kontrollhoz viszonyítva, az összes többi esetben jóval az alatt maradtak az értékek. Összességében megállapítható, hogy a komposztot tartalmazó talajok érzékenyebben reagáltak a csapadékra, a legjobb vízgazdálkodást az 1% bioszén és komposzt kezelés esetében értük el. Önmagában a bioszén nagy mennyiségű (1,0 m/m%) adagolása nem volt egyértelműen talajnedvesség-növelő hatású. A bioszén szén-dioxid forgalomra történő hatását a talajlégzés mérésével vizsgáltuk. A bioszénnel, valamint műtrágyával kezelt és a kontroll kezelések között csak néhány esetben volt különbség. A komposzttal kevert bioszén kezelések alkalmával hasonló eredményre jutottunk, mint a műtrágyával kevert bioszén esetében. Eredményeink alapján arra következtethetünk, hogy a talajlégzés nem függött a bioszén dózisától. A bioszén talajlégzésre gyakorolt hatása közvetett módon, a talajnedvesség befolyásolásán keresztül valósul meg, mivel bioszenet alkalmazva bizonyos esetekben a talajnedvesség emelkedett a kontrollhoz képest, ekkor a talajlégzés ugyancsak magasabb lett, amely jelenség a komposzttal kezelt esetekben jól megfigyelhető volt.

ACS Style

M. Dencső; E. Tóth; Gy. Gelybó; I. Kása; Agota Horel; M. Rékási; T. Takács; Csilla Farkas; I. Potyó; N. Uzinger. Komposzt illetve műtrágya bioszén kezeléssel mutatott együttes hatásának vizsgálata karbonátos homoktalaj nedvességtartalmára és talajlégzésére. Agrokémia és Talajtan 2017, 66, 79 -93.

AMA Style

M. Dencső, E. Tóth, Gy. Gelybó, I. Kása, Agota Horel, M. Rékási, T. Takács, Csilla Farkas, I. Potyó, N. Uzinger. Komposzt illetve műtrágya bioszén kezeléssel mutatott együttes hatásának vizsgálata karbonátos homoktalaj nedvességtartalmára és talajlégzésére. Agrokémia és Talajtan. 2017; 66 (1):79-93.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Dencső; E. Tóth; Gy. Gelybó; I. Kása; Agota Horel; M. Rékási; T. Takács; Csilla Farkas; I. Potyó; N. Uzinger. 2017. "Komposzt illetve műtrágya bioszén kezeléssel mutatott együttes hatásának vizsgálata karbonátos homoktalaj nedvességtartalmára és talajlégzésére." Agrokémia és Talajtan 66, no. 1: 79-93.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Biologia
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Catchment scale hydrological models are promising tools for simulating the effect of catchment-specific processes and management on soil and water resources. Here, we present a model intercomparison study of runoff simulations using three different semi-distributed rainfall-runoff catchment models. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of the Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenavdelning (HBV-Light); Precipitation, Evapotranspiration and Runoff Simulator for Solute Transport (PERSiST); and INtegrated CAtchment (INCA) models on Somogybabod Catchment, near Lake Balaton, Hungary.The models were calibrated and validated against observed discharge data at the outlet of the catchment for the period of January 1, 2006 –July 12, 2015. Model performance was evaluated using graphical representations, e.g. daily and monthly hydrographs and Flow Duration Curves (FDC) and model evaluation statistic; Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (

ACS Style

Ilona Kása; Györgyi Gelybó; Agota Horel; Zsófia Bakacsi; Eszter Tóth; Sándor Koós; Márton Dencső; Johannes Deelstra; Sándor Molnár; Csilla Farkas. Evaluation of three semi-distributed hydrological models in simulating discharge from a small forest and arable dominated catchment. Biologia 2017, 72, 1002 -1009.

AMA Style

Ilona Kása, Györgyi Gelybó, Agota Horel, Zsófia Bakacsi, Eszter Tóth, Sándor Koós, Márton Dencső, Johannes Deelstra, Sándor Molnár, Csilla Farkas. Evaluation of three semi-distributed hydrological models in simulating discharge from a small forest and arable dominated catchment. Biologia. 2017; 72 (9):1002-1009.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilona Kása; Györgyi Gelybó; Agota Horel; Zsófia Bakacsi; Eszter Tóth; Sándor Koós; Márton Dencső; Johannes Deelstra; Sándor Molnár; Csilla Farkas. 2017. "Evaluation of three semi-distributed hydrological models in simulating discharge from a small forest and arable dominated catchment." Biologia 72, no. 9: 1002-1009.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Agrokémia és Talajtan
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ACS Style

Ilona Kása; Sándor Molnár; Ágota Horel. A hőmérséklet és a bioszén típusának, valamint mennyiségének hatása a talaj nettó nitrifikációjára. Agrokémia és Talajtan 2016, 65, 297 -311.

AMA Style

Ilona Kása, Sándor Molnár, Ágota Horel. A hőmérséklet és a bioszén típusának, valamint mennyiségének hatása a talaj nettó nitrifikációjára. Agrokémia és Talajtan. 2016; 65 (2):297-311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilona Kása; Sándor Molnár; Ágota Horel. 2016. "A hőmérséklet és a bioszén típusának, valamint mennyiségének hatása a talaj nettó nitrifikációjára." Agrokémia és Talajtan 65, no. 2: 297-311.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Science of The Total Environment
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The degradation of conventional diesel (D), synthetic diesel (Syntroleum), and pure fish biodiesel (B100) by indigenous microbes was investigated in laboratory microcosms containing contaminated sand. The fate of volatiles and the influence of volatilization on degradation rates were examined by placing activated carbon (AC) in microcosm headspaces to sorb volatiles. Three AC regimes were compared: no activated carbon (NAC), regular weekly AC change (RAC), and frequent AC change (FAC), where the frequency of activated carbon exchange declined from daily to weekly. Generally, the alternative fuels were biodegraded faster than diesel fuel. Hydrocarbon mineralization percentages for the different fuel types over 28days were between 23% (D) and 48% (B100) in the absence of activated carbon, decreased to 12% (D) - 37% (B100) with weekly AC exchange, and were further reduced to 9-22% for more frequent AC change. Sorption of volatiles to AC lowered their availability as a substrate for microbes, reducing respiration. Volatilization was negligible for the biodiesel. A mass balance for the carbon initially present as hydrocarbons in microcosms with activated carbon in the head space was on average 92% closed, with 45-70% remaining in the soil after 4weeks, 9-37% mineralized and up to 12% volatilized. Based on nutrient consumption, up to 29% of the contaminants were likely converted into biomass.

ACS Style

Agota Horel; Silke Schiewer. Impact of VOC removal by activated carbon on biodegradation rates of diesel, Syntroleum and biodiesel in contaminated sand. Science of The Total Environment 2016, 573, 106 -114.

AMA Style

Agota Horel, Silke Schiewer. Impact of VOC removal by activated carbon on biodegradation rates of diesel, Syntroleum and biodiesel in contaminated sand. Science of The Total Environment. 2016; 573 ():106-114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agota Horel; Silke Schiewer. 2016. "Impact of VOC removal by activated carbon on biodegradation rates of diesel, Syntroleum and biodiesel in contaminated sand." Science of The Total Environment 573, no. : 106-114.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2015 in Agrokémia és Talajtan
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ACS Style

Agota Horel; Lubomir Lichner; R. Kodešová; V. Štekauerová; Related Information. Effects of land use and irrigation intensity on the transport of iodide in structured clay loam soil. Agrokémia és Talajtan 2015, 64, 391 -402.

AMA Style

Agota Horel, Lubomir Lichner, R. Kodešová, V. Štekauerová, Related Information. Effects of land use and irrigation intensity on the transport of iodide in structured clay loam soil. Agrokémia és Talajtan. 2015; 64 (2):391-402.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agota Horel; Lubomir Lichner; R. Kodešová; V. Štekauerová; Related Information. 2015. "Effects of land use and irrigation intensity on the transport of iodide in structured clay loam soil." Agrokémia és Talajtan 64, no. 2: 391-402.