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Sukanya Sereenonchai
Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand

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Review
Published: 22 July 2020 in Agronomy
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Soil organic carbon (SOC) improvement has become a sustainable strategy for enhancing soil resilience and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the rice cropping system. For tropical soils, the SOC accumulation was limited by the unfavorable environment, likely the sandy soil area in Northeast (NE) Thailand. This review aims to quantify and understand SOC in sandy paddy fields of NE Thailand. The existing research gap for alternative management practices is also highlighted to increase ecological and agronomic values. We review previous studies to determine the factors affecting SOC dynamics in sandy paddy fields, in order to enhance SOC and sustain rice yields. High sand content, up to 50% sand, was found in 70.7% of the observations. SOC content has ranged from 0.34 to 31.2 g kg−1 for the past four decades in paddy rice soil of NE Thailand. The conventional and alternative practice managements were chosen based on either increasing rice crop yield or improving soil fertility. The lack of irrigation water during the mild dry season would physically affect carbon sequestration as the soil erosion accelerates. Meanwhile, soil chemical and microbial activity, which directly affect SOC accumulation, would be influenced by nutrient and crop residue management, including chemical fertilizer, manure and green manure, unburned rice straw, and biochar application. Increasing SOC content by 1 g kg−1 can increase rice yield by 302 kg ha−1. The predicted carbon saturation varied tremendously, from 4.1% to 140.6% (52% in average), indicating that the sandy soil in this region has the potential for greater SOC sequestration. Our review also suggests that broadening the research of rice production influenced by sandy soil is still required to implement adaptive management for sustainable agriculture and future food security.

ACS Style

Noppol Arunrat; Praeploy Kongsurakan; Sukanya Sereenonchai; Ryusuke Hatano. Soil Organic Carbon in Sandy Paddy Fields of Northeast Thailand: A Review. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1061 .

AMA Style

Noppol Arunrat, Praeploy Kongsurakan, Sukanya Sereenonchai, Ryusuke Hatano. Soil Organic Carbon in Sandy Paddy Fields of Northeast Thailand: A Review. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (8):1061.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noppol Arunrat; Praeploy Kongsurakan; Sukanya Sereenonchai; Ryusuke Hatano. 2020. "Soil Organic Carbon in Sandy Paddy Fields of Northeast Thailand: A Review." Agronomy 10, no. 8: 1061.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2019 in Climate
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Coastal communities and small-scale fisheries are highly vulnerable to climate change. In this study, we aimed to examine fishers’ decisions to adapt to climate change and their expectations for their children to pursue the same profession. Data were obtained from fisher households covering 8 districts and 22 sub-districts in the coastal area of Chumphon Province, Thailand, using participatory observation, focus group discussion, and in-person field surveys. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors influencing the fishers’ decisions and their expectations for their children to inherit their occupation. Results showed that the fishers are aware of the increasing trends in air temperature, sea water temperature, inland precipitation, offshore precipitation, and storms. Increased fishing experience and fishing income increased the likelihood of the fishers applying adaptations to climate change. Looking to the future, fishers with high fishing incomes expect their children to pursue the occupation, whereas increased fishing experience, non-fishing incomes, and perceptions of storms likely discourage them from expecting their children to be fishers. Of the fishers interviewed, 58.06% decided to apply adaptations in response to climate change by incorporating climate-smart agriculture, particularly by cultivating rubber, oil palm, and orchards as a second income source. The adoption of climate-smart fisheries should be considered in relation to the body of local knowledge, as well as the needs and priorities of the fisher community. To cope with the impacts of current and future climate change on coastal communities, the national focal point of adaptation should be climate change, and related governmental agencies should pay more attention to these key factors for adaptation.

ACS Style

Sukanya Sereenonchai; Noppol Arunrat. Fishers’ Decisions to Adopt Adaptation Strategies and Expectations for Their Children to Pursue the Same Profession in Chumphon Province, Thailand. Climate 2019, 7, 34 .

AMA Style

Sukanya Sereenonchai, Noppol Arunrat. Fishers’ Decisions to Adopt Adaptation Strategies and Expectations for Their Children to Pursue the Same Profession in Chumphon Province, Thailand. Climate. 2019; 7 (2):34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sukanya Sereenonchai; Noppol Arunrat. 2019. "Fishers’ Decisions to Adopt Adaptation Strategies and Expectations for Their Children to Pursue the Same Profession in Chumphon Province, Thailand." Climate 7, no. 2: 34.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences
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Agricultural communication to mitigate climate change enables information dissemination of both scientific knowledge (SCK) and indigenous knowledge (IDK) for practical farming. This research analyzed knowledge utilization and conducted community-based participatory communication to propose a practical agricultural communication framework for climate mitigation. Based on a qualitative method of data collection in Phichit province, the key findings showed that SCK and IDK can be mutually utilized to enhance the good relationship among the people and for the people with nature. The participatory communication processes consisted of planning, interventions, and monitoring and empowerment. The successful farmers employing the farming practices of not burning rice straw, rice straw composting, and alternative wetting and drying technique were the main senders. The messages were related to their farming practices focusing on a practical and understandable message and graphic explanations. Vinyl was selected as a communication material for signage in the most noticeable areas in their communities. This research highlights that participatory communication with group dynamics and communication promotion mechanisms at both local and national levels should be enhanced.

ACS Style

Sukanya Sereenonchai; Noppol Arunrat. Practical agricultural communication: Incorporating scientific and indigenous knowledge for climate mitigation. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Sukanya Sereenonchai, Noppol Arunrat. Practical agricultural communication: Incorporating scientific and indigenous knowledge for climate mitigation. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sukanya Sereenonchai; Noppol Arunrat. 2018. "Practical agricultural communication: Incorporating scientific and indigenous knowledge for climate mitigation." Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2018 in Atmosphere
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Particulate pollution is a continual problem which is usually caused by the burning of crop residues in highland agricultural systems. The objectives of this study are to investigate crop-residue management and estimate the amount of pollutant emissions from burning crop residues for each land-use pattern (grain maize, seed maize and integrated farming), and to estimate the chemical compositions of PM2.5 emissions from agricultural burning in Mae Chaem basin, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. The purposive sampling method was used for sample selection. A door-to-door questionnaire survey was used to obtain responses from 149 respondents. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the open burning of crop residues were estimated, using specific emission factors obtained from several literature reviews and from the field by the questionnaire survey. Results revealed that the majority of farmers burned maize residues during April and May and mostly in the afternoon. These burning behaviors are in line with the supportive weather conditions that reflect high values of temperature and wind speed, and less rainfall and relative humidity result in maize residues being burned easily and quickly. The integrated farming system generated the lowest GHG emissions and amount of chemical composition of PM2.5 emissions, followed by the grain maize and seed maize patterns, respectively. This study strongly supports the implementation of the integrated farming system in Mae Chaem basin. Proactive and reactive measures should be taken in a well-organized and systematic fashion and should engage all related parties. More importantly, there is an urgent need for policy makers to include PM2.5 concentrations to upgrade Thailand’s air-quality index (PM2.5 AQI).

ACS Style

Noppol Arunrat; Nathsuda Pumijumnong; Sukanya Sereenonchai. Air-Pollutant Emissions from Agricultural Burning in Mae Chaem Basin, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Atmosphere 2018, 9, 145 .

AMA Style

Noppol Arunrat, Nathsuda Pumijumnong, Sukanya Sereenonchai. Air-Pollutant Emissions from Agricultural Burning in Mae Chaem Basin, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Atmosphere. 2018; 9 (4):145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noppol Arunrat; Nathsuda Pumijumnong; Sukanya Sereenonchai. 2018. "Air-Pollutant Emissions from Agricultural Burning in Mae Chaem Basin, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand." Atmosphere 9, no. 4: 145.