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Project Goal: PI - Bernardo Duarte - Project aims to fill an important gap of knowledge by providing fast, efficient and inexpensive tools for ecotoxicological assessments.
Current Stage: Data acquisition, data analysis, data publishing
Project Goal: PI - Bernardo Duarte - Evaluation and Restoration of salt marsh communities affected by plant invasive species: management and conservation actions for the revitalization of the ecosystem services and function while fish nursery.
Current Stage: Data analyzing, data publishing
Project Goal: PI - Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho - The main objective of the project will be to explore the use of mossdominated biocrusts as a solution to the greenroofs of urban landscape avoiding irrigation, based on a diversity of native moss species retrieved from different locations in Portugal reflecting different climatic conditions and thus different adaptations and tolerances to the urban environment.
Current Stage: Finished, publishing results
Green roofs can be an innovative and effective way of mitigating the environmental impact of urbanization by providing several important ecosystem services. However, it is known that the performance of green roofs varies depending on the type of vegetation and, in drier climates, without resorting to irrigation, these are limited to xerophytic plant species and biocrusts. The aim of this research was therefore to compare differently vegetated green roofs planted with this type of vegetation. A particular focus was their ability to hold water during intense stormwater events and also the quality of the harvested rainwater. Six test beds with different vegetation compositions were used on the roof of a building in Lisbon. Regarding stormwater retention, the results varied depending on the composition of the vegetation and the season. As for water quality, almost all the parameters tested were higher than the Drinking Water Directive from the European Union (EU) and Word Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking-water quality standards for potable water. Based on our results, biocrusts and xerophytic vegetation are a viable green roof typology for slowing runoff during stormwater events.
Bernardo Rocha; Teresa Paço; Ana Luz; Paulo Palha; Sarah Milliken; Benzion Kotzen; Cristina Branquinho; Pedro Pinho; Ricardo de Carvalho. Are Biocrusts and Xerophytic Vegetation a Viable Green Roof Typology in a Mediterranean Climate? A Comparison between Differently Vegetated Green Roofs in Water Runoff and Water Quality. Water 2021, 13, 94 .
AMA StyleBernardo Rocha, Teresa Paço, Ana Luz, Paulo Palha, Sarah Milliken, Benzion Kotzen, Cristina Branquinho, Pedro Pinho, Ricardo de Carvalho. Are Biocrusts and Xerophytic Vegetation a Viable Green Roof Typology in a Mediterranean Climate? A Comparison between Differently Vegetated Green Roofs in Water Runoff and Water Quality. Water. 2021; 13 (1):94.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernardo Rocha; Teresa Paço; Ana Luz; Paulo Palha; Sarah Milliken; Benzion Kotzen; Cristina Branquinho; Pedro Pinho; Ricardo de Carvalho. 2021. "Are Biocrusts and Xerophytic Vegetation a Viable Green Roof Typology in a Mediterranean Climate? A Comparison between Differently Vegetated Green Roofs in Water Runoff and Water Quality." Water 13, no. 1: 94.
Present demographic trends suggest a rise in the contributions of human pharmaceuticals into coastal ecosystems, underpinning an increasing demand to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects and implications of drug residues in marine risk assessments. Propranolol, a non-selective β-adrenoceptor blocker, is used worldwide to treat high blood pressure conditions and other related cardiovascular conditions. Although diatoms lack β-adrenoceptors, this microalgal group presents receptor-like kinases and proteins with a functional analogy to the animal receptors and that can be targeted by propranolol. In the present work, the authors evaluated the effect of this non-selective β-adrenoceptor blocker in diatom cells using P. tricornutum as a model organism, to evaluate the potential effect of this compound in cell physiology (growth, lipids and energy metabolism and oxidative stress) and its potential relevance for marine ecosystems. Propranolol exposure leads to a significant reduction in diatom cell growth, more evident in the highest concentrations tested. This is likely due to the observed impairment of the main primary photochemistry processes and the enhancement of the mitochondrial respiratory activity. More specifically, propranolol decreased the energy transduction from photosystem II (PSII) to the electron transport chain, leading to an increase in oxidative stress levels. Cells exposed to propranolol also exhibited high-dissipated energy flux, indicating that this excessive energy is efficiently diverted, to some extent, from the photosystems, acting to prevent irreversible photoinhibition. As energy production is impaired at the PSII donor side, preventing energy production through the electron transport chain, diatoms appear to be consuming storage lipids as an energy backup system, to maintain essential cellular functions. This consumption will be attained by an increase in respiratory activity. Considering the primary oxygen production and consumption pathways, propranolol showed a significant reduction of the autotrophic O2 production and an increase in the heterotrophic mitochondrial respiration. Both mechanisms can have negative effects on marine trophic webs, due to a decrease in the energetic input from marine primary producers and a simultaneous oxygen production decrease for heterotrophic species. In ecotoxicological terms, bio-optical and fatty acid data appear as highly efficient tools for ecotoxicity assessment, with an overall high degree of classification when these traits are used to build a toxicological profile, instead of individually assessed.
Bernardo Duarte; Eduardo Feijão; Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Irina A. Duarte; Marisa Silva; Ana Rita Matos; Maria Teresa Cabrita; Sara C. Novais; Marco F. L. Lemos; João Carlos Marques; Isabel Caçador; Patrick Reis-Santos; Vanessa F. Fonseca. Effects of Propranolol on Growth, Lipids and Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Response of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biology 2020, 9, 478 .
AMA StyleBernardo Duarte, Eduardo Feijão, Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho, Irina A. Duarte, Marisa Silva, Ana Rita Matos, Maria Teresa Cabrita, Sara C. Novais, Marco F. L. Lemos, João Carlos Marques, Isabel Caçador, Patrick Reis-Santos, Vanessa F. Fonseca. Effects of Propranolol on Growth, Lipids and Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Response of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biology. 2020; 9 (12):478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernardo Duarte; Eduardo Feijão; Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Irina A. Duarte; Marisa Silva; Ana Rita Matos; Maria Teresa Cabrita; Sara C. Novais; Marco F. L. Lemos; João Carlos Marques; Isabel Caçador; Patrick Reis-Santos; Vanessa F. Fonseca. 2020. "Effects of Propranolol on Growth, Lipids and Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Response of Phaeodactylum tricornutum." Biology 9, no. 12: 478.
Glyphosate is the main active component of the commercial formulation Roundup®, the most widely used chemical herbicide worldwide. However, its potential high toxicity to the environment and throughout trophic webs has come under increasing scrutiny. The present study aims to investigate the application of bio-optical techniques and their correlation to physiological and biochemical processes, including primary productivity, oxidative stress, energy balance, and alterations in pigment and lipid composition in Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a representative species of marine diatoms, using the case study of its response to the herbicide glyphosate-based Roundup® formulation, at environmentally relevant concentrations. Cultures were exposed to the herbicide formulation representing effective glyphosate concentrations of 0, 10, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg L−1. Results showed that high concentrations decreased cell density; furthermore, the inhibition of photosynthetic activity was not only caused by the impairment of electron transport in the thylakoids, but also by a decrease of antioxidant capacity and increased lipid peroxidation. Nevertheless, concentrations of one of the plastidial marker fatty acids had a positive correlation with the highest concentration as well as an increase in total protein. Cell energy allocation also increased with concentration, relative to control and the lowest concentration, although culture growth was inhibited. Pigment composition and fatty acid profiles proved to be efficient biomarkers for the highest glyphosate-based herbicide concentrations, while bio-optical data separated controls from intermediate concentrations and high concentrations.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Eduardo Feijão; Ana Rita Matos; Maria Teresa Cabrita; Sara C. Novais; Marco F. L. Lemos; Isabel Caçador; João Carlos Marques; Patrick Reis-Santos; Vanessa F. Fonseca; Bernardo Duarte. Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Toxicophenomics in Marine Diatoms: Impacts on Primary Production and Physiological Fitness. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7391 .
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Eduardo Feijão, Ana Rita Matos, Maria Teresa Cabrita, Sara C. Novais, Marco F. L. Lemos, Isabel Caçador, João Carlos Marques, Patrick Reis-Santos, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Bernardo Duarte. Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Toxicophenomics in Marine Diatoms: Impacts on Primary Production and Physiological Fitness. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7391.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Eduardo Feijão; Ana Rita Matos; Maria Teresa Cabrita; Sara C. Novais; Marco F. L. Lemos; Isabel Caçador; João Carlos Marques; Patrick Reis-Santos; Vanessa F. Fonseca; Bernardo Duarte. 2020. "Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Toxicophenomics in Marine Diatoms: Impacts on Primary Production and Physiological Fitness." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7391.
Salt marsh ecosystems are extremely impacted by human activities whilst also acting as sinks of contaminants such as heavy metals. Halophytic plant species can survive and thrive in estuarine and coastal areas with higher salt conditions that are generally not favourable to most plants. Halophyte distribution and abundance clearly relate to anthropogenic pressure levels and thus the impact of heavy metals needs to be rapidly assessed and monitored in a fast-developing world. To assess and manage this impact the search for suitable and efficient biomarkers is of great importance, aiming to produce a clear picture of environmental quality. The present work aimed to evaluate the application of optical tools, like non-invasive chlorophyll a pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry, in four halophytic species (Halimione portulacoides, Sarcocornia fruticosa, Spartina maritima and Spartina patens), from three salt marshes of the Tagus estuary with different degrees of contamination, to investigate biomarkers for inclusion in a Multivariate Photochemical Pressure Index (Multi-PPI) destined for ecological quality assessment. The application of this index allowed to distinguish between less (Alcochete) and more (Rosário and Seixal) heavy metal contaminated salt marshes. This was observed particularly for S. maritima, in which Multi-PPI was lower for the higher contaminated sites, albeit this pattern was similarly observed in S. patens and S. fruticosa. On the other hand, the Multi-PPI index for H. portulacoides, a phytoextractor species, increased with the contamination gradient along the three salt marshes, and therefore this strategy should be considered when applying this index. Therefore, since these species are well represented in the Mediterranean, the use of optical tools to generate an easy fast index will have a great impact on the future of transitional ecosystem pollution impact assessments as well as in ecotoxicology research.
Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho; Eduardo Feijão; Elia Kletschkus; João Carlos Marques; Patrick Reis-Santos; Vanessa F. Fonseca; Jutta Papenbrock; Isabel Caçador; Bernardo Duarte. Halophyte bio-optical phenotyping: A multivariate photochemical pressure index (Multi-PPI) to classify salt marsh anthropogenic pressures levels. Ecological Indicators 2020, 119, 106816 .
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz de Carvalho, Eduardo Feijão, Elia Kletschkus, João Carlos Marques, Patrick Reis-Santos, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Jutta Papenbrock, Isabel Caçador, Bernardo Duarte. Halophyte bio-optical phenotyping: A multivariate photochemical pressure index (Multi-PPI) to classify salt marsh anthropogenic pressures levels. Ecological Indicators. 2020; 119 ():106816.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz de Carvalho; Eduardo Feijão; Elia Kletschkus; João Carlos Marques; Patrick Reis-Santos; Vanessa F. Fonseca; Jutta Papenbrock; Isabel Caçador; Bernardo Duarte. 2020. "Halophyte bio-optical phenotyping: A multivariate photochemical pressure index (Multi-PPI) to classify salt marsh anthropogenic pressures levels." Ecological Indicators 119, no. : 106816.
Green roofs have been more thoroughly investigated in the last few years due to the potential benefits they offer to ecosystems in urban areas (e.g., carbon sequestration, particle retention, heat island effect attenuation). However, current climate change models predict an increase in desertification, with an increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall, which means there is an increasing demand for green roofs with lower water consumption. Vegetation with very little water requirements, such as desiccation-tolerant mosses, has shown a potential to complement or substitute for vascular species, increasing the sustainability of lower water use in green roofs. In this study, we use chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging to screen for bryophytes with adequate physiology to be used in green roofs placed in at-risk areas with prolonged drought episodes. Apart from Hypnum cupressiforme, all selected species presented a high potential for use in those conditions, particularly Didymodon fallax, Grimmia lisae, Pleurochaete squarrosa, and Targionia hypophylla. Chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging technology proved to be a simple and non-invasive tool for a fast screening of these poikilohydric organisms, to be used in future studies of bryophyte biology, but more importantly in the green roof industry.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Teresa Afonso Do Paço; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques Da Silva. Using Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Imaging to Select Desiccation-Tolerant Native Moss Species for Water-Sustainable Green Roofs. Water 2020, 12, 1748 .
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Teresa Afonso Do Paço, Cristina Branquinho, Jorge Marques Da Silva. Using Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Imaging to Select Desiccation-Tolerant Native Moss Species for Water-Sustainable Green Roofs. Water. 2020; 12 (6):1748.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Teresa Afonso Do Paço; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques Da Silva. 2020. "Using Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Imaging to Select Desiccation-Tolerant Native Moss Species for Water-Sustainable Green Roofs." Water 12, no. 6: 1748.
In the last decade, several works showed that even bryophytes from aquatic environments, if slowly dehydrated, can cope with desiccation in a response like the one from desert bryophytes. This led to the hypothesis that, if bryophytes from contrasting habitats can have similar responses, desiccation tolerance (DT) is partially inductive and not only constitutive as previously proposed and, therefore, colony morphology might be the key trait responsible for controlling dehydration rate essential for DT induction. Morphology and life form may be determinant traits in the adaptation of bryophytes to habitats with different water availabilities and corresponding predicted levels in the DT inducibility spectrum. Bryophytes from habitats with different water availabilities were dried as individual shoots and as a colony. The bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica is fully aquatic presenting a streamer life form, while the three terrestrial species present turf life form with different sizes and degrees of space between individuals in the colony. Two species were collected under trees with moist soil presenting short turf (Tortella tortuosa) and long turf (Campylopus pyriformis) life forms. Another species was completely exposed to sun light with no surrounding trees and a tall turf life form (Pleurochaete squarrosa). We used chlorophyll a fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm (maximum potential quantum efficiency of Photosystem II) as a proxy to photosynthetic fitness throughout the contrasting dehydration rates (fast and slow). These bryophytes with different life forms were submitted to an X-ray computed microtomography (µ-XCT) to assess the three-dimensional inner structure and visualize locations for water storage. Shoots dried slow or fast according to the dehydration they were exposed to, as expected, but they presented similar dehydration rates across different species. However, the aquatic moss F. antipyretica, was unable to recover from fast drying, and after 24 h the recovery following slow drying was lower than the other species. The other three species presented full recovery after 24 h, either at the individual or colony level, and either from slow or fast drying. The only exception was the colonies of Campylopus pyriformis following fast drying that presented a slightly lower recovery, probably due to a looser colony structure.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; António Maurício; Manuel Franscisco Pereira; Jorge Marques da Silva; Cristina Branquinho. All for One: The Role of Colony Morphology in Bryophyte Desiccation Tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, António Maurício, Manuel Franscisco Pereira, Jorge Marques da Silva, Cristina Branquinho. All for One: The Role of Colony Morphology in Bryophyte Desiccation Tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; António Maurício; Manuel Franscisco Pereira; Jorge Marques da Silva; Cristina Branquinho. 2019. "All for One: The Role of Colony Morphology in Bryophyte Desiccation Tolerance." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 1.
Green roofs are important infrastructures to address the effects of climate change in urban areas. However, most studies and applications have been done in cooler and wetter regions of the northern hemisphere. Climate change will lead to more extreme weather events, such as increased drought and decreased precipitation with intense flash rain events. Increase desertification is expected especially in the Mediterranean Basin, where in summer, radiation and temperature are high and water is scarce. Therefore, while vascular plants increase water consumption in green roofs during warmer periods, mosses present themselves as potential candidates due to their poikilohydric nature, responding to the environmental availability of water, completely drying out and recovering upon rehydration. Although criteria for the selection of vascular plants adapted to the Mediterranean and suitable for green roofs have been developed, no information is available regarding the selection of mosses based on scientific criteria. Here we propose selection criteria for moss species based on ecological preferences according to Ellenberg’s values and help to define moss traits suitable for a nonirrigated, nature-based green roof that tolerates the Mediterranean climate. The main result is a table of potential candidate mosses that can be either used as standalone or in conjunction with vascular plants to decrease water usage and/or manage stormwater through an easily applicable selection methodology. For green roof practitioners, we proposed that acrocarpous mosses exhibiting turf/cushion life forms and colonist or perennial life strategies best fit the requirements for such a green infrastructure in extreme climate regions with scarce water resources.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Zulema Varela; Teresa Afonso Do Paço; Cristina Branquinho. Selecting Potential Moss Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Basin. Urban Science 2019, 3, 57 .
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Zulema Varela, Teresa Afonso Do Paço, Cristina Branquinho. Selecting Potential Moss Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Basin. Urban Science. 2019; 3 (2):57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Zulema Varela; Teresa Afonso Do Paço; Cristina Branquinho. 2019. "Selecting Potential Moss Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Basin." Urban Science 3, no. 2: 57.
Green roof typology can vary depending on buildings structure, climate conditions, substrate, and plants used. In regions with hot and dry summers, such as the Mediterranean region, irrigation plays an essential role, as the highest temperatures occur during the driest period of the year. Irrigation might reduce the heat island effect and improve the cooling of buildings during this period, however, the added cost of maintenance operations and additional energy consumption could outrun the benefits provided by the project. Moreover, in situations where water is scarce or primarily channelled to other uses (e.g., domestic, agriculture or industry) during drought occurrence, it is advisable to implement green roof projects with the lowest use of water possible. The objective of the present work is to investigate solutions to optimize water use in green roofs under Mediterranean conditions, such as those of southern Europe. Two case studies are presented for Portugal, and potential techniques to reduce irrigation requirements in green roofs were tested. These addressed the use of native plant species, including the extreme type of a non-irrigated green roof (Biocrust roof) and techniques for plant installation. Plant drought tolerance was found to be an advantage in green roofs under these climatic conditions and, for the species studied, aesthetic value could be maintained when irrigation decreased.
Teresa A. Paço; Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Pedro Arsénio; Diana Martins. Green Roof Design Techniques to Improve Water Use under Mediterranean Conditions. Urban Science 2019, 3, 14 .
AMA StyleTeresa A. Paço, Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho, Pedro Arsénio, Diana Martins. Green Roof Design Techniques to Improve Water Use under Mediterranean Conditions. Urban Science. 2019; 3 (1):14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeresa A. Paço; Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Pedro Arsénio; Diana Martins. 2019. "Green Roof Design Techniques to Improve Water Use under Mediterranean Conditions." Urban Science 3, no. 1: 14.
Margins of water reservoirs associated with dams can have high frequency tides, promoting soil erosion and nutrient leaching. We propose the use of biocrusts for restoration and ecological engineering purposes, due to their poikilohydric character, to stabilize reservoir margins. We promoted biocrust growth under controlled conditions, testing two types of substrate: native sand and organic substrate. After two months, biocrusts grew on organic substrate covering almost all the area, but not on native sand. This fast and easy nature-based solution for soil stabilization can be used as an environmental engineering tool in highly degraded sites.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Patrícia Dos Santos; Cristina Branquinho. Production of moss-dominated biocrusts to enhance the stability and function of the margins of artificial water bodies. Restoration Ecology 2018, 26, 419 -421.
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Patrícia Dos Santos, Cristina Branquinho. Production of moss-dominated biocrusts to enhance the stability and function of the margins of artificial water bodies. Restoration Ecology. 2018; 26 (3):419-421.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Patrícia Dos Santos; Cristina Branquinho. 2018. "Production of moss-dominated biocrusts to enhance the stability and function of the margins of artificial water bodies." Restoration Ecology 26, no. 3: 419-421.
Alessandra Adessi; Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho; Roberto De Philippis; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva. Microbial extracellular polymeric substances improve water retention in dryland biological soil crusts. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2018, 116, 67 -69.
AMA StyleAlessandra Adessi, Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho, Roberto De Philippis, Cristina Branquinho, Jorge Marques da Silva. Microbial extracellular polymeric substances improve water retention in dryland biological soil crusts. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2018; 116 ():67-69.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandra Adessi; Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho; Roberto De Philippis; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva. 2018. "Microbial extracellular polymeric substances improve water retention in dryland biological soil crusts." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 116, no. : 67-69.
Mediterranean Basin ecosystems, their unique biodiversity, and the key services they provide are currently at risk due to air pollution and climate change, yet only a limited number of isolated and geographically-restricted studies have addressed this topic, often with contrasting results. Particularities of air pollution in this region include high O3 levels due to high air temperatures and solar radiation, the stability of air masses, and dominance of dry over wet nitrogen deposition. Moreover, the unique abiotic and biotic factors (e.g., climate, vegetation type, relevance of Saharan dust inputs) modulating the response of Mediterranean ecosystems at various spatiotemporal scales make it difficult to understand, and thus predict, the consequences of human activities that cause air pollution in the Mediterranean Basin. Therefore, there is an urgent need to implement coordinated research and experimental platforms along with wider environmental monitoring networks in the region. In particular, a robust deposition monitoring network in conjunction with modelling estimates is crucial, possibly including a set of common biomonitors (ideally cryptogams, an important component of the Mediterranean vegetation), to help refine pollutant deposition maps. Additionally, increased attention must be paid to functional diversity measures in future air pollution and climate change studies to establish the necessary link between biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services in Mediterranean ecosystems. Through a coordinated effort, the Mediterranean scientific community can fill the above-mentioned gaps and reach a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying the combined effects of air pollution and climate change in the Mediterranean Basin
Raúl Ochoa-Hueso; Silvana Munzi; Rocío Alonso; María Arróniz-Crespo; Anna Avila; Victoria Bermejo; Roland Bobbink; Cristina Branquinho; Laura Concostrina-Zubiri; Cristina Cruz; Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho; Alessandra De Marco; Teresa Dias; David Elustondo; Susana Elvira; Belén Estébanez; Lina Fusaro; Giacomo Gerosa; Sheila Izquieta-Rojano; Mauro Lo Cascio; Riccardo Marzuoli; Paula Matos; Simone Mereu; José Merino; Lourdes Morillas; Alice Nunes; Elena Paoletti; Luca Paoli; Pedro Pinho; Isabel B. Rogers; Arthur Santos; Pierre Sicard; Carly J. Stevens; Mark R. Theobald. Ecological impacts of atmospheric pollution and interactions with climate change in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: Current research and future directions. Environmental Pollution 2017, 227, 194 -206.
AMA StyleRaúl Ochoa-Hueso, Silvana Munzi, Rocío Alonso, María Arróniz-Crespo, Anna Avila, Victoria Bermejo, Roland Bobbink, Cristina Branquinho, Laura Concostrina-Zubiri, Cristina Cruz, Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho, Alessandra De Marco, Teresa Dias, David Elustondo, Susana Elvira, Belén Estébanez, Lina Fusaro, Giacomo Gerosa, Sheila Izquieta-Rojano, Mauro Lo Cascio, Riccardo Marzuoli, Paula Matos, Simone Mereu, José Merino, Lourdes Morillas, Alice Nunes, Elena Paoletti, Luca Paoli, Pedro Pinho, Isabel B. Rogers, Arthur Santos, Pierre Sicard, Carly J. Stevens, Mark R. Theobald. Ecological impacts of atmospheric pollution and interactions with climate change in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: Current research and future directions. Environmental Pollution. 2017; 227 ():194-206.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaúl Ochoa-Hueso; Silvana Munzi; Rocío Alonso; María Arróniz-Crespo; Anna Avila; Victoria Bermejo; Roland Bobbink; Cristina Branquinho; Laura Concostrina-Zubiri; Cristina Cruz; Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho; Alessandra De Marco; Teresa Dias; David Elustondo; Susana Elvira; Belén Estébanez; Lina Fusaro; Giacomo Gerosa; Sheila Izquieta-Rojano; Mauro Lo Cascio; Riccardo Marzuoli; Paula Matos; Simone Mereu; José Merino; Lourdes Morillas; Alice Nunes; Elena Paoletti; Luca Paoli; Pedro Pinho; Isabel B. Rogers; Arthur Santos; Pierre Sicard; Carly J. Stevens; Mark R. Theobald. 2017. "Ecological impacts of atmospheric pollution and interactions with climate change in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: Current research and future directions." Environmental Pollution 227, no. : 194-206.
Pedro Pinho; Marco Moretti; Ana Catarina Luz; Filipa Grilo; Joana Vieira; Leena Luís; Luís Miguel Rosalino; Maria Amélia Martins-Loução; Margarida Santos-Reis; Otília Correia; Patrícia Garcia-Pereira; Paula Isabel Gonçalves; Paula Matos; Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Rui Rebelo; Teresa Dias; Teresa Mexia; Cristina Branquinho. Biodiversity as Support for Ecosystem Services and Human Wellbeing. Future City 2017, 7, 67 -78.
AMA StylePedro Pinho, Marco Moretti, Ana Catarina Luz, Filipa Grilo, Joana Vieira, Leena Luís, Luís Miguel Rosalino, Maria Amélia Martins-Loução, Margarida Santos-Reis, Otília Correia, Patrícia Garcia-Pereira, Paula Isabel Gonçalves, Paula Matos, Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho, Rui Rebelo, Teresa Dias, Teresa Mexia, Cristina Branquinho. Biodiversity as Support for Ecosystem Services and Human Wellbeing. Future City. 2017; 7 ():67-78.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Pinho; Marco Moretti; Ana Catarina Luz; Filipa Grilo; Joana Vieira; Leena Luís; Luís Miguel Rosalino; Maria Amélia Martins-Loução; Margarida Santos-Reis; Otília Correia; Patrícia Garcia-Pereira; Paula Isabel Gonçalves; Paula Matos; Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Rui Rebelo; Teresa Dias; Teresa Mexia; Cristina Branquinho. 2017. "Biodiversity as Support for Ecosystem Services and Human Wellbeing." Future City 7, no. : 67-78.
Desiccation tolerant (DT) organisms are able to withstand an extended loss of body water and rapidly resume metabolism upon rehydration. This ability, however, is strongly dependent on a slow dehydration rate. Fast dehydration affects membrane integrity leading to intracellular solute leakage upon rehydration and thereby impairs metabolism recovery. We test the hypothesis that the increased cell membrane damage and membrane permeability observed under fast dehydration, compared with slow dehydration, is related to an increase in lipid peroxidation. Our results reject this hypothesis because following rehydration lipid peroxidation remains unaltered, a fact that could be due to the high increase of NO upon rehydration. However, in fast-dried samples we found a strong signal of red autofluorescence upon rehydration, which correlates with an increase in ROS production and with membrane leakage, particularly the case of phenolics. This could be used as a bioindicator of oxidative stress and membrane damage.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Myriam Catalá; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva; Eva Barreno. Dehydration rate determines the degree of membrane damage and desiccation tolerance in bryophytes. Physiologia Plantarum 2016, 159, 277 -289.
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Myriam Catalá, Cristina Branquinho, Jorge Marques da Silva, Eva Barreno. Dehydration rate determines the degree of membrane damage and desiccation tolerance in bryophytes. Physiologia Plantarum. 2016; 159 (3):277-289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Myriam Catalá; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva; Eva Barreno. 2016. "Dehydration rate determines the degree of membrane damage and desiccation tolerance in bryophytes." Physiologia Plantarum 159, no. 3: 277-289.
R. Cruz De Carvalho; Anabela Bernardes da Silva; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva. Influence of dehydration rate on cell sucrose and water relations parameters in an inducible desiccation tolerant aquatic bryophyte. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2015, 120, 18 -22.
AMA StyleR. Cruz De Carvalho, Anabela Bernardes da Silva, Cristina Branquinho, Jorge Marques da Silva. Influence of dehydration rate on cell sucrose and water relations parameters in an inducible desiccation tolerant aquatic bryophyte. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2015; 120 ():18-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Cruz De Carvalho; Anabela Bernardes da Silva; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva. 2015. "Influence of dehydration rate on cell sucrose and water relations parameters in an inducible desiccation tolerant aquatic bryophyte." Environmental and Experimental Botany 120, no. : 18-22.
All bryophytes evolved desiccation tolerance (DT) mechanisms during the invasion of terrestrial habitats by early land plants. Are these DT mechanisms still present in bryophytes that colonize aquatic habitats? The aquatic bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw. was subjected to two drying regimes and alterations in protein profiles and sucrose accumulation during dehydration and rehydration were investigated. Results show that during fast dehydration, there is very little variation in protein profiles, and upon rehydration proteins are leaked. On the other hand, slow dehydration induces changes in both dehydration and rehydration protein profiles, being similar to the protein profiles displayed by the terrestrial bryophytes Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) Bruch and Schimp. and, to what is comparable with Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F. Weber and D. Mohr. During dehydration there was a reduction in proteins associated with photosynthesis and the cytoskeleton, and an associated accumulation of proteins involved in sugar metabolism and plant defence mechanisms. Upon rehydration, protein accumulation patterns return to control values for both photosynthesis and cytoskeleton whereas proteins associated with sugar metabolism and defence proteins remain high. The current results suggest that bryophytes from different ecological adaptations may share common DT mechanisms.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Anabela Bernardes Da Silva; Renata Soares; Andre Almeida; Ana Varela Coelho; Jorge Marques Da Silva; Cristina Branquinho. Differential proteomics of dehydration and rehydration in bryophytes: evidence towards a common desiccation tolerance mechanism. Plant, Cell & Environment 2014, 37, 1499 -1515.
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Anabela Bernardes Da Silva, Renata Soares, Andre Almeida, Ana Varela Coelho, Jorge Marques Da Silva, Cristina Branquinho. Differential proteomics of dehydration and rehydration in bryophytes: evidence towards a common desiccation tolerance mechanism. Plant, Cell & Environment. 2014; 37 (7):1499-1515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Anabela Bernardes Da Silva; Renata Soares; Andre Almeida; Ana Varela Coelho; Jorge Marques Da Silva; Cristina Branquinho. 2014. "Differential proteomics of dehydration and rehydration in bryophytes: evidence towards a common desiccation tolerance mechanism." Plant, Cell & Environment 37, no. 7: 1499-1515.
Background and AimsThe aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica requires a slow rate of dehydration to survive a desiccation event. The present work examined whether differences in the dehydration rate resulted in corresponding differences in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and therefore in the amount of cell damage.MethodsIntracellular ROS production by the aquatic moss was assessed with confocal laser microscopy and the ROS-specific chemical probe 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The production of hydrogen peroxide was also quantified and its cellular location was assessed.Key ResultsThe rehydration of slowly dried cells was associated with lower ROS production, thereby reducing the amount of cellular damage and increasing cell survival. A high oxygen consumption burst accompanied the initial stages of rehydration, perhaps due to the burst of ROS production.ConclusionsA slow dehydration rate may induce cell protection mechanisms that serve to limit ROS production and reduce the oxidative burst, decreasing the number of damaged and dead cells due upon rehydration.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Myriam Catalá; Jorge Marques da Silva; Cristina Branquinho; Eva Barreno. The impact of dehydration rate on the production and cellular location of reactive oxygen species in an aquatic moss. Annals of Botany 2012, 110, 1007 -1016.
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Myriam Catalá, Jorge Marques da Silva, Cristina Branquinho, Eva Barreno. The impact of dehydration rate on the production and cellular location of reactive oxygen species in an aquatic moss. Annals of Botany. 2012; 110 (5):1007-1016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Myriam Catalá; Jorge Marques da Silva; Cristina Branquinho; Eva Barreno. 2012. "The impact of dehydration rate on the production and cellular location of reactive oxygen species in an aquatic moss." Annals of Botany 110, no. 5: 1007-1016.
The moss Fontinalis antipyretica, an aquatic bryophyte previously described as desiccation-intolerant, is known to survive intermittent desiccation events in Mediterranean rivers. To better understand the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in this species and to reconcile the apparently conflicting evidence between desiccation tolerance classifications and field observations, gross photosynthesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured in field-desiccated bryophyte tips and in bryophyte tips subjected in the laboratory to slow, fast, and very fast drying followed by either a short (30 min) or prolonged (5 days) recovery. Our results show, for the first time, that the metabolic response of F. antipyretica to desiccation, both under field and laboratory conditions, is consistent with a desiccation-tolerance pattern; however, drying must proceed slowly for the bryophyte to regain its pre-desiccation state following rehydration. In addition, the extent of dehydration was found to influence metabolism whereas the drying rate determined the degree of recovery. Photosystem II (PSII) regulation and structural maintenance may be part of the induced desiccation tolerance mechanism allowing this moss to recover from slow drying. The decrease in the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) immediately following rehydration may serve to alleviate the effects of excess energy on photosystem I (PSI), while low-level non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) would allow an energy shift enabling recovery subsequent to extended periods of desiccation. The findings were confirmed in field-desiccated samples, whose behavior was similar to that of samples slowly dried in the laboratory.
Ricardo Cruz De Carvalho; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva. Physiological consequences of desiccation in the aquatic bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica. Planta 2011, 234, 195 -205.
AMA StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho, Cristina Branquinho, Jorge Marques da Silva. Physiological consequences of desiccation in the aquatic bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica. Planta. 2011; 234 (1):195-205.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicardo Cruz De Carvalho; Cristina Branquinho; Jorge Marques da Silva. 2011. "Physiological consequences of desiccation in the aquatic bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica." Planta 234, no. 1: 195-205.