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The removal of nonnative species can lead to re-invasion by nonnative species, especially in communities with multiple co-occurring invaders. Biotic and abiotic conditions shape community structure, reducing the predictability of nonnative management. We evaluated plant community recovery after the removal of nonnative pines with an emphasis on the effect of environmental conditions on the nonnative species response. We compared clearcuts (where pine plantations were removed), pine plantations, and native communities along a precipitation gradient in Patagonia. Nonnative richness and cover were higher in clearcuts compared to native communities along nearly the entire precipitation gradient, with the exception of the harshest sites. Compared to native communities, invasion resistance was lower in clearcuts in the wetter sites. Native richness and cover were lower in clearcuts relative to native communities along the gradient. Species composition in clearcuts diverged in similarity from native communities towards the wetter sites. Plantations showed an extremely lower richness and cover compared to both clearcuts and native communities. Our study highlights that clearcutting is an ineffective strategy to manage nonnatives aimed at restoring native communities and elucidates the importance of environmental context in management approaches. Taken together, our findings reinforce the important consideration of both the biotic and abiotic context of nonnative management.
Agostina Torres; Pablo A. E. Alarcón; Mariano A. Rodríguez-Cabal; Martín A. Nuñez. Secondary Invasions Hinder the Recovery of Native Communities after the Removal of Nonnative Pines Along a Precipitation Gradient in Patagonia. Forests 2018, 9, 394 .
AMA StyleAgostina Torres, Pablo A. E. Alarcón, Mariano A. Rodríguez-Cabal, Martín A. Nuñez. Secondary Invasions Hinder the Recovery of Native Communities after the Removal of Nonnative Pines Along a Precipitation Gradient in Patagonia. Forests. 2018; 9 (7):394.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgostina Torres; Pablo A. E. Alarcón; Mariano A. Rodríguez-Cabal; Martín A. Nuñez. 2018. "Secondary Invasions Hinder the Recovery of Native Communities after the Removal of Nonnative Pines Along a Precipitation Gradient in Patagonia." Forests 9, no. 7: 394.
Mariana C. Chiuffo; Nahuel Policelli; Jaime Moyano; Agostina Torres; Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal; Martín A. Nuñez. Still no evidence that pathogen accumulation can revert the impact of invasive plant species. Biological Invasions 2017, 20, 9 -10.
AMA StyleMariana C. Chiuffo, Nahuel Policelli, Jaime Moyano, Agostina Torres, Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal, Martín A. Nuñez. Still no evidence that pathogen accumulation can revert the impact of invasive plant species. Biological Invasions. 2017; 20 (1):9-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariana C. Chiuffo; Nahuel Policelli; Jaime Moyano; Agostina Torres; Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal; Martín A. Nuñez. 2017. "Still no evidence that pathogen accumulation can revert the impact of invasive plant species." Biological Invasions 20, no. 1: 9-10.
Pathogen accumulation can decrease, increase, or not change invasive species abundance, but their impacts may persist in all scenarios.
Nahuel Policelli; Mariana C. Chiuffo; Jaime Moyano; Agostina Torres; Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal; Martin A. Nuñez. Pathogen accumulation cannot undo the impact of invasive species. Biological Invasions 2017, 20, 1 -4.
AMA StyleNahuel Policelli, Mariana C. Chiuffo, Jaime Moyano, Agostina Torres, Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal, Martin A. Nuñez. Pathogen accumulation cannot undo the impact of invasive species. Biological Invasions. 2017; 20 (1):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNahuel Policelli; Mariana C. Chiuffo; Jaime Moyano; Agostina Torres; Mariano A. Rodriguez-Cabal; Martin A. Nuñez. 2017. "Pathogen accumulation cannot undo the impact of invasive species." Biological Invasions 20, no. 1: 1-4.
Many species in the family Pinaceae are invaders. These species are relatively easy to control because of some of their intrinsic characteristics and because they are highly visible and easy to eliminate. Many Pinaceae species have been well studied because of their use in forestry and their invasive behavior in many countries. The impacts of invasive Pinaceae are not only ecological, but also economic and social. We review the ecology and management of Pinaceae invasions and explore how restoration of invaded areas should be addressed. There are many ways to prevent invasions and to deal with them. Planting less invasive species, better site selection, and invasion monitoring are used successfully in different parts of the world to prevent invasion. Mechanical and chemical methods are used effectively to control Pinaceae invasions. Control is more effective at the early stages of invasion. Old invasions are more problematic as their elimination is more expensive, and the restoration of native vegetation is challenging. In some areas, native vegetation cannot thrive after Pinaceae have been removed, and weeds colonize cleared areas. More attention is needed to prevent the initiation and spread of invasions by focusing control interventions at early stages of invasion. Finding new ways of dealing sustainably with conflicts of interest between foresters and conservationists is crucial. Non-native Pinaceae are important parts of the economies and landscapes in several countries and they will continue to play such a role in the future. Despite the numerous challenges facing Pinaceae invasion management, several approaches can be successful at controlling them. Proper application of current techniques and development of more efficient ones is needed if the goal of maximizing benefits and minimizing negative impacts is to be achieved.
Martin A. Nuñez; Mariana C. Chiuffo; Agostina Torres; Thomas Paul; Romina D. DiMarco; Peter Raal; Nahuel Policelli; Jaime Moyano; Rafael A. García; Brian W. Van Wilgen; Anibal Pauchard; David M. Richardson. Ecology and management of invasive Pinaceae around the world: progress and challenges. Biological Invasions 2017, 19, 3099 -3120.
AMA StyleMartin A. Nuñez, Mariana C. Chiuffo, Agostina Torres, Thomas Paul, Romina D. DiMarco, Peter Raal, Nahuel Policelli, Jaime Moyano, Rafael A. García, Brian W. Van Wilgen, Anibal Pauchard, David M. Richardson. Ecology and management of invasive Pinaceae around the world: progress and challenges. Biological Invasions. 2017; 19 (11):3099-3120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartin A. Nuñez; Mariana C. Chiuffo; Agostina Torres; Thomas Paul; Romina D. DiMarco; Peter Raal; Nahuel Policelli; Jaime Moyano; Rafael A. García; Brian W. Van Wilgen; Anibal Pauchard; David M. Richardson. 2017. "Ecology and management of invasive Pinaceae around the world: progress and challenges." Biological Invasions 19, no. 11: 3099-3120.