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Trained as a dermatologist, I then switched to epidemiology. Although I still see patients, I am now a Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health at the University of French Guiana, in Cayenne, I am chair of the HIV/AIDS programme in French Guiana, and I am the director of the clinical investigation center CIC INSERM 1424, in Cayenne Hospital. I have published over 300 scientific papers and book chapters, and have obtained several grants for research projects, notably on HIV. My research interests have been the study of the interactions between worms and malaria, the study of the epidemiology of various tropical diseases (dengue, leishmaniasis, zika, Leptospirosis, Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, Q fever…), and many aspects of HIV, and notably disseminated histoplasmosis among HIV-infected patients. I have collaborated with neighboring countries with clinicians and authorities to alleviate the burden of histoplasmosis. I am also interested in health and access to care of the most socially vulnerable populations.
Objective Disseminated histoplasmosis is a major killer of HIV-infected persons in Latin America. Antigen detection, fungal culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction are often not available, but cytology and histology are present in most hospitals and may offer a diagnostic alternative. In this study, we review 34 years of clinical experience to describe the roles of cytology and histology in diagnosing disseminated histoplasmosis. Methods Retrospective multicentric study of 349 patients between January 1st, 1981 and October 1st, 2014 with confirmed disseminated histoplasmosis. Results 32/214 (14.9%) of samples were screened using cytopathology, as were 10/101 (9.9%) bronchoalveolar lavage samples and 5/61 (8.2%) of spinal fluid samples. The samples most commony sent to pathology were liver biopsies, lower digestive tract and lymphnode biopsies; the greatest proportion of positive results were found in lower digestive tract (43/59 (72.9%) positives), lymph node (39/63(66.1%)), and liver (38/75 (50.7%)) samples. Overall, 97.2% of bone marrow and 97% of bronchoalveolar lavage samples were directly examined by a mycologist. Positive direct examination was independently associated with death (aHR=1.5 (95%CI=1-2.2). Conclusions Opportunities for a rapid diagnosis were regularly missed, notably for bone marrow samples, which could have been examined using staining methods complementary to those of the mycologist.
Mathieu Nacher; Audrey Valdes; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Françoise Ugo; Philippe Abboud; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Denis Blanchet; Pierre Couppié; Kinan Drak Alsibai. Review of diagnostic methods and results for HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis: pathologists are not sufficiently involved. Tropical Medicine & International Health 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMathieu Nacher, Audrey Valdes, Antoine Adenis, Romain Blaizot, Françoise Ugo, Philippe Abboud, Magalie Demar, Félix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Caroline Misslin, Denis Blanchet, Pierre Couppié, Kinan Drak Alsibai. Review of diagnostic methods and results for HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis: pathologists are not sufficiently involved. Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Nacher; Audrey Valdes; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Françoise Ugo; Philippe Abboud; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Denis Blanchet; Pierre Couppié; Kinan Drak Alsibai. 2021. "Review of diagnostic methods and results for HIV‐associated disseminated histoplasmosis: pathologists are not sufficiently involved." Tropical Medicine & International Health , no. : 1.
Disseminated histoplasmosis is a major cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients. Rapid and efficient diagnosis of Histoplasma capsulatum is crucial. Cytopathology is available in most hospitals and represents a rapid diagnostic alternative. In this study, we reviewed 12 years of experience to describe the cytology of histoplasmosis diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in relation to patient characteristics. BAL-diagnosed pulmonary histoplasmosis concerned 17 patients (14 HIV+). BAL cellularity ranged from 76,000 to 125,000 cells/mL in HIV patients, and 117,000 to 160,000 cells/mL in non-HIV patients. Macrophages predominated in all HIV patients (from 60% to 88%), lymphocytic infiltrates ranged from 5% to 15%, and neutrophils were very heterogeneous (from 2% to 32%). The number of H. capsulatum at hot spots seemed greater in HIV-infected than in immunocompetent patients (9 to 375 vs. 4 to 10) and were inversely proportional to the CD4 counts. Yeasts were both intracellular and extracellular in 85.7% of the HIV patients. This is the most comprehensive series detailing the cytological aspects of BAL in the diagnosis of H. capsulatum, focusing on the number of yeasts and their clustering pattern. The cytological examination of the Gomori-Grocott-stained BAL allows a reliable diagnosis of histoplasmosis.
Kinan Drak Alsibai; Houari Aissaoui; Antoine Adenis; Morgane Bourne-Watrin; Felix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Denis Blanchet; Magalie Demar; Pierre Couppié; Mathieu Nacher. Cytological Spectrum of Pulmonary Histoplasmosis Diagnosed by Bronchoalveolar Lavage: 12 Years of Experience in French Guiana. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 576 .
AMA StyleKinan Drak Alsibai, Houari Aissaoui, Antoine Adenis, Morgane Bourne-Watrin, Felix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Denis Blanchet, Magalie Demar, Pierre Couppié, Mathieu Nacher. Cytological Spectrum of Pulmonary Histoplasmosis Diagnosed by Bronchoalveolar Lavage: 12 Years of Experience in French Guiana. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (7):576.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKinan Drak Alsibai; Houari Aissaoui; Antoine Adenis; Morgane Bourne-Watrin; Felix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Denis Blanchet; Magalie Demar; Pierre Couppié; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Cytological Spectrum of Pulmonary Histoplasmosis Diagnosed by Bronchoalveolar Lavage: 12 Years of Experience in French Guiana." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 7: 576.
Background: In the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the expansion of the more transmissible 20J/501Y.V3 (Gamma) variant of concern (VOC), mRNA vaccines have been made available in French Guiana, an overseas French territory in South America, from mid-January 2021. This study aimed to estimate the willingness to be vaccinated and the socio-demographic and motivational correlates among Health Care Workers (HCWs) in French Guiana. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 22 to March 26, 2021 among a sample of HCWs in French Guiana. They were asked about their willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy, vaccine uptake and vaccines attitudes. Factors associated with willingness to get vaccinated have been analyzed with ordinal logistic regression, using Stata software. Results: A total of 579 HCWs were interviewed, including 220 physicians and 200 nurses most often working in hospital (54%) or in the liberal sector (22%). Overall, 65.6% of respondents reported that they were willing or had already been vaccinated against COVID-19, while 24.3% of respondents reported that they did not want to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and 11.2% were unsure. HCWs were more willing to get vaccine if they were older, were worried about COVID-19 and were confident in the management of epidemic. Conversely, participants were less likely to have been vaccinated or willing to if they were nurses or of another non-medical profession, born in French Guiana, feared adverse effects, or if they did not trust pharmaceutical companies and management of the epidemic by authorities. Conclusion: Negative attitudes towards vaccines are a major public health concern among HCWs in French Guiana when considering the current active epidemic with Gamma VOC. General vaccine hesitancy and concerns about future side effects in particular represent important barriers. Low confidence in government and science are significant in COVID-19 vaccine refusal among non-medical staffs. Public health messaging with information on vaccine safety should be tailored to address these concerns. The specific challenges of HCWs from French Guiana must be taken into account.
Nicolas Vignier; Kepha Brureau; Sybille Granier; Jacques Breton; Céline Michaud; Mélanie Gaillet; Camille Agostini; Mathilde Ballet; Mathieu Nacher; Audrey Valdes; Philippe Abboud; Antoine Adenis; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Maylis Douine. Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine and Willingness to Get Vaccinated among Healthcare Workers in French Guiana: The Influence of Geographical Origin. Vaccines 2021, 9, 682 .
AMA StyleNicolas Vignier, Kepha Brureau, Sybille Granier, Jacques Breton, Céline Michaud, Mélanie Gaillet, Camille Agostini, Mathilde Ballet, Mathieu Nacher, Audrey Valdes, Philippe Abboud, Antoine Adenis, Félix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Maylis Douine. Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine and Willingness to Get Vaccinated among Healthcare Workers in French Guiana: The Influence of Geographical Origin. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (6):682.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicolas Vignier; Kepha Brureau; Sybille Granier; Jacques Breton; Céline Michaud; Mélanie Gaillet; Camille Agostini; Mathilde Ballet; Mathieu Nacher; Audrey Valdes; Philippe Abboud; Antoine Adenis; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Maylis Douine. 2021. "Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine and Willingness to Get Vaccinated among Healthcare Workers in French Guiana: The Influence of Geographical Origin." Vaccines 9, no. 6: 682.
Although the burden of histoplasmosis in patients with advanced HIV has been the focus of detailed estimations, knowledge about invasive fungal infections in patients living with HIV in an Amazonian context is somewhat scattered. Our goal was thus to adopt a broader view integrating all invasive fungal infections diagnosed over a decade in French Guiana. All patients hospitalized at Cayenne hospital from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018 with a proven diagnosis of invasive fungal infection were included (N = 227). Histoplasmosis was the most common (48.2%), followed by Cryptococcus infection (26.3%), and pneumocystosis (12.5%). For cryptococcal infection, there was a discordance between the actual diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis n = (26) and the isolated presence of antigen in the serum (n = 46). Among the latter when the information was available (n = 34), 21(65.6%) were treated with antifungals but not coded as cryptococcocosis. Most fungal infections were simultaneous to the discovery of HIV (38%) and were the AIDS-defining event (66%). The proportion of major invasive fungal infections appeared to remain stable over the course of the study, with a clear predominance of documented H. capsulatum infections. Until now, the focus of attention has been histoplasmosis, but such attention should not overshadow other less-studied invasive fungal infections.
Laurène Cachera; Antoine Adenis; Basma Guarmit; Sébastien Rabier; Pierre Couppié; Felix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Alessia Melzani; Philippe Abboud; Denis Blanchet; Magalie Demar; Kinan Alsibai; Mathieu Nacher. Invasive Fungal Infections in Persons Living with HIV in an Amazonian Context: French Guiana, 2009–2019. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 421 .
AMA StyleLaurène Cachera, Antoine Adenis, Basma Guarmit, Sébastien Rabier, Pierre Couppié, Felix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Alessia Melzani, Philippe Abboud, Denis Blanchet, Magalie Demar, Kinan Alsibai, Mathieu Nacher. Invasive Fungal Infections in Persons Living with HIV in an Amazonian Context: French Guiana, 2009–2019. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (6):421.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaurène Cachera; Antoine Adenis; Basma Guarmit; Sébastien Rabier; Pierre Couppié; Felix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Alessia Melzani; Philippe Abboud; Denis Blanchet; Magalie Demar; Kinan Alsibai; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Invasive Fungal Infections in Persons Living with HIV in an Amazonian Context: French Guiana, 2009–2019." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 6: 421.
Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among women in French Guiana. The objective was to review a decade of cervical cancer data, and to study spatial and temporal trends. The design was retrospective and descriptive. The cancer registry of French Guiana compiled exhaustive data on cervical cancer throughout French Guiana between 2005 and 2015. Age-standardized incidence and mortality were computed and mapped to identify priority areas. With 232 new cases recorded in French Guiana between 2005 and 2014 (23 annual cases), cervical cancer ranked 5th among all incident cancers (11%) and was the 2nd most frequent cancer in women (12% of cancers among women). The standardized incidence rate over the period 2005–2014 was 23.8 cases of cervical cancer per 100 000 woman-years. Between 2005-2009 and 2010–2014 the incidence of cervical cancer decreased from 26.26 cases per 100 000 to 22.66 cases per 100 000 and the mortality rate from cervical cancer decreased from 6 deaths per 100 000 to 3.2 deaths per 100 000. Within French Guiana, the standardized incidence rates were very heterogenous with the highest rates in remote areas. The standardized death rate from cervical cancer over the 2005–2014 decade was 4.4 cases per 100 000 woman-years. The present results suggest there has been progress in French Guiana, but there are still areas where screening is challenging and should be expanded. The recent authorization of HPV testing is an opportunity that could help health professionals achieve this goal. HPV vaccination –with a nonavalent vaccine—is also an important public health endeavor that could alleviate the burden of cervical cancer among the cohorts of women benefitting from it.
Laure Manuella Imounga; Juliette Plenet; Sophie Belliardo; Elie Chow Chine; Antoine Adenis; Mélanie Gaillet; Nadia Thomas; Céline Michaud; Véronique Servas; Pierre Couppié; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Mathieu Nacher. Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in French Guiana: Temporal and spatial trends. Public Health in Practice 2021, 2, 100138 .
AMA StyleLaure Manuella Imounga, Juliette Plenet, Sophie Belliardo, Elie Chow Chine, Antoine Adenis, Mélanie Gaillet, Nadia Thomas, Céline Michaud, Véronique Servas, Pierre Couppié, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Mathieu Nacher. Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in French Guiana: Temporal and spatial trends. Public Health in Practice. 2021; 2 ():100138.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaure Manuella Imounga; Juliette Plenet; Sophie Belliardo; Elie Chow Chine; Antoine Adenis; Mélanie Gaillet; Nadia Thomas; Céline Michaud; Véronique Servas; Pierre Couppié; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in French Guiana: Temporal and spatial trends." Public Health in Practice 2, no. : 100138.
Disseminated histoplasmosis is the most frequent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome–defining illness in French Guiana. Paradoxically, central nervous system (CNS) involvement has been scarcely described. We aimed to identify CNS histoplasmosis in our territory. We conducted an observational, multicentric, descriptive, and retrospective study including patients with proven or probable CNS histoplasmosis according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MGS). The study population consisted of patients admitted in one of the hospitals of French Guiana between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2019. During the study period, 390 cases of HIV-associated histoplasmosis were recorded, in which six of them had CNS infections with Histoplasma capsulatum. The male to female sex ratio was 0.25, and the median age at diagnosis was 37.5 years. The median CD4 count was 42 cells/mm3 ([IQR: 29–60]). All patients had disseminated histoplasmosis. Usual signs of meningitis were observed in three patients and focal signs in four patients. One patient had no neurological signs. The median time between the first cerebral symptoms and diagnosis was 22.4 days (IQR 9.5–36.2). Two patients died within a month after diagnosis. In conclusion, few proven CNS localizations of histoplasmosis were observed on 30-year study in French Guiana. This low proportion suggests that the documentation of CNS involvement is often not ascertained for lack of awareness of this particular presentation, and for lack of rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools.
Loïc Epelboin; Aïda Dione; Alexandra Serris; Denis Blanchet; Bastien Bidaud; Gaëlle Walter; Philippe Abboud; Emilie Mosnier; Mélanie Gaillet; Céline Michaud; Pierre Couppié; Magalie Demar; Mathieu Nacher; Félix Djossou; Antoine Adenis. Histoplasmosis of the Central Nervous System: A Case Series between 1990 and 2019 in French Guiana. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2021, -1, 125 -129.
AMA StyleLoïc Epelboin, Aïda Dione, Alexandra Serris, Denis Blanchet, Bastien Bidaud, Gaëlle Walter, Philippe Abboud, Emilie Mosnier, Mélanie Gaillet, Céline Michaud, Pierre Couppié, Magalie Demar, Mathieu Nacher, Félix Djossou, Antoine Adenis. Histoplasmosis of the Central Nervous System: A Case Series between 1990 and 2019 in French Guiana. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2021; -1 (aop):125-129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLoïc Epelboin; Aïda Dione; Alexandra Serris; Denis Blanchet; Bastien Bidaud; Gaëlle Walter; Philippe Abboud; Emilie Mosnier; Mélanie Gaillet; Céline Michaud; Pierre Couppié; Magalie Demar; Mathieu Nacher; Félix Djossou; Antoine Adenis. 2021. "Histoplasmosis of the Central Nervous System: A Case Series between 1990 and 2019 in French Guiana." The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene -1, no. aop: 125-129.
BACKGROUND An interventional study named Malakit was implemented between 2018 and 2020 to address malaria on gold mining areas in French Guiana, in collaboration with Suriname and Brazil. This innovative intervention relied on the distribution of kits for self-diagnosis and self-treatment to gold miners after training by health mediators, named “facilitators” in the project. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to describe the process by which the information system was designed, developed and implemented to achieve the monitoring and evaluation of the Malakit intervention. METHODS The intervention was implemented in challenging conditions in five cross-border distribution sites which imposed strong logistical constraints for the design of the information system: isolation in the Amazon forest, tropical climate, lack of reliable electricity supply and Internet connection. Additional constraints originated from the interaction of the multicultural players involved in the study. The Malakit information system was developed as a patchwork of existing open-source, commercial services and tools developed in-house. Facilitators collected data from participants using Android tablets with ODK Collect, and sent encrypted form records to Ona when Internet was available. A custom R package (MalakitR) and a dashboard web app were developed to retrieve, decrypt, aggregate, monitor and clean data according to the feedback of facilitators and supervision visits on the field. RESULTS Between April 2018 and March 2020, nine facilitators generated a total of 4,863 form records, corresponding to an average of 202 records per month. Facilitators’ feedback was essential to adapt and improve mobile data collection and monitoring. Few technical issues were reported. The median duration of data capture was five minutes, suggesting that EDC was not overtaking time from participants, and it decreased over the course of the study as facilitators become more experienced. The quality of data collected by facilitators was satisfactory with only 3% of form records requiring correction. CONCLUSIONS The development of the information system for the Malakit project was a source of innovation that mirrored the inventiveness of the intervention itself. Our experience confirms that, even in a challenging environment, it is possible to produce good quality data and evaluate a complex health intervention by carefully adapting tools to field constraints and health mediators’ experience. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03695770
Yann Lambert; Muriel Suzanne Galindo; Martha Cecilia Suárez-Mutis; Louise Mutricy; Alice Sanna; Laure Garancher; Hedley Cairo; Helene Hiwat; Jane Bordalo Miller; José Hermenegildo Gomes; Paola Marchesini; Antoine Adenis; Mathieu Nacher; Stephen Vreden; Maylis Douine. Tailoring Mobile Data Collection for Intervention Research in a Challenging Context: Development and Implementation in the Malakit Study (Preprint). 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleYann Lambert, Muriel Suzanne Galindo, Martha Cecilia Suárez-Mutis, Louise Mutricy, Alice Sanna, Laure Garancher, Hedley Cairo, Helene Hiwat, Jane Bordalo Miller, José Hermenegildo Gomes, Paola Marchesini, Antoine Adenis, Mathieu Nacher, Stephen Vreden, Maylis Douine. Tailoring Mobile Data Collection for Intervention Research in a Challenging Context: Development and Implementation in the Malakit Study (Preprint). . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYann Lambert; Muriel Suzanne Galindo; Martha Cecilia Suárez-Mutis; Louise Mutricy; Alice Sanna; Laure Garancher; Hedley Cairo; Helene Hiwat; Jane Bordalo Miller; José Hermenegildo Gomes; Paola Marchesini; Antoine Adenis; Mathieu Nacher; Stephen Vreden; Maylis Douine. 2021. "Tailoring Mobile Data Collection for Intervention Research in a Challenging Context: Development and Implementation in the Malakit Study (Preprint)." , no. : 1.
Adrenal histoplasmosis and primary adrenal insufficiency are mostly described in immunocompetent patients. This particular tropism is attributed to the presence of cortisol within the adrenal gland, a privileged niche for Histoplasma growth. In French Guiana, disseminated histoplasmosis is the main opportunistic infection in HIV patients. Our objective was to search in our HIV-histoplasmosis cohorts to determine how frequent adrenal insufficiency was among these patients. Between January 1, 1981 and October 1, 2014, a multicentric retrospective, observational study of histoplasmosis was conducted. Patients co-infected by HIV and histoplasmosis were enrolled in French Guiana’s histoplasmosis and HIV database. Among 349 cases of disseminated histoplasmosis between 1981 and 2014, only 3 had adrenal insufficiency (0.85%). Their respective CD4 counts were 10, 14 and 43 per mm3. All patients had regular electrolyte measurements and 234/349 (67%) had abdominal ultrasonography and 98/349 (28%) had abdominopelvic CT scans. None of these explorations reported adrenal enlargement. Overall, these numbers are far from the 10% reports among living patients and 80-90% among histoplasmosis autopsy series. This suggests 2 conflicting hypotheses: First, apart from acute adrenal failure with high potassium and low sodium, less advanced functional deficiencies, which require specific explorations, may have remained undiagnosed. The second hypothesis is that immunosuppression leads to different tissular responses that are less likely to incapacitate the adrenal function. Furthermore, given the general immunosuppression, the adrenal glands no longer represent a particular niche for Histoplasma proliferation.
Mathieu Nacher; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Audrey Valdes; Philippe Abboud; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Denis Blanchet; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Balthazar Ntab; Nadia Sabbah; Pierre Couppié. HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis and Rare Adrenal Involvement: Evidence of Absence or Absence of Evidence. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2021, 11, 1 .
AMA StyleMathieu Nacher, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Audrey Valdes, Philippe Abboud, Antoine Adenis, Romain Blaizot, Denis Blanchet, Magalie Demar, Félix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Caroline Misslin, Balthazar Ntab, Nadia Sabbah, Pierre Couppié. HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis and Rare Adrenal Involvement: Evidence of Absence or Absence of Evidence. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2021; 11 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Nacher; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Audrey Valdes; Philippe Abboud; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Denis Blanchet; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Balthazar Ntab; Nadia Sabbah; Pierre Couppié. 2021. "HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis and Rare Adrenal Involvement: Evidence of Absence or Absence of Evidence." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 11, no. : 1.
Background: The COVID 19 epidemic submerged many health systems in the Amazon. The objective of the present study was to focus on the epidemic curves of the COVID 19 epidemic in different centers, and to look at testing and mortality data. Methods: Publicly available datasets were used. The log10 of the daily cumulated number of cases starting from the day the territory reached 100 cumulated cases was plotted to compare the magnitude, shape and slope of the different curves. The maximum daily testing efforts were plotted for each territory in relation to the maximum daily number of diagnoses. The case fatality rate was computed by dividing the number of COVID 19 deaths by the number of confirmed cases. Results: In the Amazonian regions in general the speed of growth was generally lower than in Europe or the USA, or Southern Brazil. Whereas, countries like South Korea or New Zealand “broke” the curve relatively rapidly the log linear trajectory seemed much longer with signs of a decline in growth rate as of early July 2020. After a very slow start, French Guiana had the lowest slope when compared to other Amazonian territories with significant epidemics. The Amazonian states of Roraima, Amazonas, Parà, and Amapà had among the highest number of cases and deaths per million inhabitants in the world. French Guiana had significantly fewer deaths relative to its number of confirmed cases than other Amazonian territories. French Guiana had a late epidemic surge with intense testing scale-up often exceeding 4,000 persons tested daily per million inhabitants. Brazil was an outlier with low daily testing levels in relation to the number of daily diagnoses. Conclusions: There were marked heterogeneities mortality rates suggesting that socioeconomic, political factors, and perhaps ethnic vulnerability led to striking outcome differences in this Amazonian context.
Mathieu Nacher; Cyril Rousseau; Tiphanie Succo; Audrey Andrieu; Mélanie Gaillet; Céline Michaud; Véronique Servas; Maylis Douine; Roxane Schaub; Antoine Adenis; Magalie Demar; Philippe Abboud; Loïc Epelboin; Félix Djossou. The Epidemiology of COVID 19 in the Amazon and the Guianas: Similarities, Differences, and International Comparisons. Frontiers in Public Health 2021, 9, 586299 .
AMA StyleMathieu Nacher, Cyril Rousseau, Tiphanie Succo, Audrey Andrieu, Mélanie Gaillet, Céline Michaud, Véronique Servas, Maylis Douine, Roxane Schaub, Antoine Adenis, Magalie Demar, Philippe Abboud, Loïc Epelboin, Félix Djossou. The Epidemiology of COVID 19 in the Amazon and the Guianas: Similarities, Differences, and International Comparisons. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021; 9 ():586299.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Nacher; Cyril Rousseau; Tiphanie Succo; Audrey Andrieu; Mélanie Gaillet; Céline Michaud; Véronique Servas; Maylis Douine; Roxane Schaub; Antoine Adenis; Magalie Demar; Philippe Abboud; Loïc Epelboin; Félix Djossou. 2021. "The Epidemiology of COVID 19 in the Amazon and the Guianas: Similarities, Differences, and International Comparisons." Frontiers in Public Health 9, no. : 586299.
Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. While many STH infections are asymptomatic, vulnerable populations such as pregnant women face repercussions such as aggravation of maternal anaemia. However, data on prevalence and the effect of STH infections in pregnancy are limited. The aim of this analysis was to describe the burden of STH infections within and between populations of pregnant women from a local refugee camp to a mobile migrant population, and to explore possible associations between STH infection and pregnancy outcomes. Methodology This is a retrospective review of records from pregnant refugee and migrant women who attended Shoklo Malaria Research Unit antenatal care (ANC) clinics along the Thailand-Myanmar border between July 2013 and December 2017. Inclusion was based on provision of a stool sample during routine antenatal screening. A semi-quantitative formalin concentration method was employed for examination of faecal samples. The associations between STH mono-infections and maternal anaemia and pregnancy outcomes (i.e., miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and small for gestational age) were estimated using regression analysis. Principal findings Overall, 12,742 pregnant women were included, of whom 2,702 (21.2%) had a confirmed infection with either Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, or a combination of these. The occurrence of STH infections in the refugee population (30.8%; 1,246/4,041) was higher than in the migrant population (16.7%; 1,456/8,701). A. lumbricoides was the predominant STH species in refugees and hookworm in migrants. A. lumbricoides and hookworm infection were associated with maternal anaemia at the first ANC consultation with adjusted odds ratios of 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.72) and 1.65 (95% CI 1.19–2.24), respectively. Pregnant women with A. lumbricoides infection were less likely to miscarry when compared to women with negative stool samples (adjusted hazard ratio 0.63, 95% CI 0.48–0.84). STH infections were not significantly associated with stillbirth, preterm birth or being born too small for gestational age. One in five pregnant women in this cohort had STH infection. Association of STH infection with maternal anaemia, in particular in the event of late ANC enrolment, underlines the importance of early detection and treatment of STH infection. A potential protective effect of A. lumbricoides infection on miscarriage needs confirmation in prospective studies.
Tobias Brummaier; Nay Win Tun; Aung Myat Min; Mary Ellen Gilder; Laypaw Archasuksan; Stephane Proux; Douwe Kiestra; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; Jürg Utzinger; Daniel H. Paris; Mathieu Nacher; Julie A. Simpson; Francois Nosten; Rose McGready. Burden of soil-transmitted helminth infection in pregnant refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border: Results from a retrospective cohort. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021, 15, e0009219 .
AMA StyleTobias Brummaier, Nay Win Tun, Aung Myat Min, Mary Ellen Gilder, Laypaw Archasuksan, Stephane Proux, Douwe Kiestra, Prakaykaew Charunwatthana, Jürg Utzinger, Daniel H. Paris, Mathieu Nacher, Julie A. Simpson, Francois Nosten, Rose McGready. Burden of soil-transmitted helminth infection in pregnant refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border: Results from a retrospective cohort. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2021; 15 (3):e0009219.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTobias Brummaier; Nay Win Tun; Aung Myat Min; Mary Ellen Gilder; Laypaw Archasuksan; Stephane Proux; Douwe Kiestra; Prakaykaew Charunwatthana; Jürg Utzinger; Daniel H. Paris; Mathieu Nacher; Julie A. Simpson; Francois Nosten; Rose McGready. 2021. "Burden of soil-transmitted helminth infection in pregnant refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border: Results from a retrospective cohort." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 3: e0009219.
Current testing for COVID-19 relies on reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction from a nasopharyngeal swab specimen. Saliva samples have advantages regarding ease and painlessness of collection, which does not require trained staff and may allow self-sampling. We enrolled 776 persons at various field-testing sites and collected nasopharyngeal and pooled saliva samples. One hundred sixty two had a positive COVID-19 RT-PCR, 61% were mildly symptomatic and 39% asymptomatic. The sensitivity of RT-PCR on saliva samples vs. nasopharygeal swabs varied depending on the patient groups considered or on Ct thresholds. There were 10 (6.2%) patients with a positive saliva sample and a negative nasopharyngeal swab, all of whom had Ct values <25 for three genes. For symptomatic patients for whom the interval between symptoms onset and sampling was <10 days sensitivity was 77% but when excluding persons with isolated N gene positivity (54/162), sensitivity was 90%. In asymptomatic patients, the sensitivity was only 24%. When we looked at patients with Cts <30, sensitivity was 83 or 88.9% when considering two genes. The relatively good performance for patients with low Cts suggests that Saliva testing could be a useful and acceptable tool to identify infectious persons in mass screening contexts, a strategically important task for contact tracing and isolation in the community.
Mathieu Nacher; Mayka Mergeay-Fabre; Denis Blanchet; Orelie Benoit; Tristan Pozl; Pauline Mesphoule; Vincent Sainte-Rose; Véronique Vialette; Bruno Toulet; Aurélie Moua; Mona Saout; Stéphane Simon; Manon Guidarelli; Muriel Galindo; Barbara Biche; William Faurous; Laurie Chaizemartin; Aniza Fahrasmane; Devi Rochemont; Nicolas Vignier; Astrid Vabret; Magalie Demar. Prospective Comparison of Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swab Sampling for Mass Screening for COVID-19. Frontiers in Medicine 2021, 8, 621160 .
AMA StyleMathieu Nacher, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Denis Blanchet, Orelie Benoit, Tristan Pozl, Pauline Mesphoule, Vincent Sainte-Rose, Véronique Vialette, Bruno Toulet, Aurélie Moua, Mona Saout, Stéphane Simon, Manon Guidarelli, Muriel Galindo, Barbara Biche, William Faurous, Laurie Chaizemartin, Aniza Fahrasmane, Devi Rochemont, Nicolas Vignier, Astrid Vabret, Magalie Demar. Prospective Comparison of Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swab Sampling for Mass Screening for COVID-19. Frontiers in Medicine. 2021; 8 ():621160.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Nacher; Mayka Mergeay-Fabre; Denis Blanchet; Orelie Benoit; Tristan Pozl; Pauline Mesphoule; Vincent Sainte-Rose; Véronique Vialette; Bruno Toulet; Aurélie Moua; Mona Saout; Stéphane Simon; Manon Guidarelli; Muriel Galindo; Barbara Biche; William Faurous; Laurie Chaizemartin; Aniza Fahrasmane; Devi Rochemont; Nicolas Vignier; Astrid Vabret; Magalie Demar. 2021. "Prospective Comparison of Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swab Sampling for Mass Screening for COVID-19." Frontiers in Medicine 8, no. : 621160.
Background: Involved in physical and brain development, immunity and metabolism, micronutrients have profound health effects. The nutritional status of pregnant women is a major determinant of foetal health. French Guiana has a rapid population growth. Social inequalities, cultural practices and gastrointestinal nematode infections in French Guiana could affect the prevalence of these deficiencies. The main objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of micronutrient deficiency among pregnant women in French Guiana. The secondary objective was to identify socio-demographic, dietary, obstetrical and neonatal risk factors associated with deficiencies. Methods: Pregnant women over 22 weeks of pregnancy hospitalized for delivery at the Obstetrical Emergency Department of the Hospital Center in Cayenne from May 2018 to March 2019 were included. A socio-demographic and food questionnaire was administered. Medical data were collected from the medical records. Blood and urine samples were taken. The descriptive analysis used Student and chi-squared tests. Results: A total of 341 women were included. The majority were born in Haiti (39%) and French Guiana (34%). At least one micronutrient deficiency was observed in 81% of women. Precarious women had a significantly greater risk of micronutrient deficiency during pregnancy compared to those with both normal and complementary health insurance. Conclusions: Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women in French Guiana are a public health problem, a fact that was previously overlooked in the context of rising obesity. With over half the women overweight or obese, and 81% with at least 1 micronutrient deficiency, balanced nutrition should be a major focus.
Amandine Duclau; Fanny Abad; Antoine Adenis; Nadia Sabbah; Malika Leneuve; Mathieu Nacher. Prevalence and risk factors for micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy in Cayenne, French Guiana. Food & Nutrition Research 2021, 65, 1 .
AMA StyleAmandine Duclau, Fanny Abad, Antoine Adenis, Nadia Sabbah, Malika Leneuve, Mathieu Nacher. Prevalence and risk factors for micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy in Cayenne, French Guiana. Food & Nutrition Research. 2021; 65 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmandine Duclau; Fanny Abad; Antoine Adenis; Nadia Sabbah; Malika Leneuve; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Prevalence and risk factors for micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy in Cayenne, French Guiana." Food & Nutrition Research 65, no. : 1.
Histoplasmosis is a frequent fungal opportunistic infection in people living with HIV (PLHIV), associated every year to a total of 5% to 15% of AIDS-related deaths among this population. In 2020, the first global guidelines for diagnosing and managing disseminated histoplasmosis among PLHIV was published. This document recommends (1) detection of circulating Histoplasma antigens as the recommended laboratory assay to diagnose histoplasmosis among PLHIV; (2) the use of liposomal amphotericin for induction therapy in severe or moderately severe disease, followed by a maintenance therapy with itraconazole for 12 months; a shorter maintenance therapy could be considered if the patient is clinically stable and if immune status has improved; (3) antiretroviral therapy initiation as soon as possible among patients with histoplasmosis without involvement of central nervous system; and (4) that for the treatment of co-infection with histoplasmosis and tuberculosis (TB), treatment of TB should be initiated according to the World Health Organization treatment guidelines. Appropriate health education of providers, supportive supervision, and policy guidance for the care of PLHIV are required.
Freddy Perez; Diego Caceres; Nathan Ford; Giovanni Ravasi; Beatriz Gomez; Alessandro Pasqualotto; Paul Hine; Antoine Adenis; Mathieu Nacher; Tom Chiller; John Baddley; for the Guideline Development Group for diagnosing and managing disseminated histoplasmosis among people living with HIV. Summary of Guidelines for Managing Histoplasmosis among People Living with HIV. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 134 .
AMA StyleFreddy Perez, Diego Caceres, Nathan Ford, Giovanni Ravasi, Beatriz Gomez, Alessandro Pasqualotto, Paul Hine, Antoine Adenis, Mathieu Nacher, Tom Chiller, John Baddley, for the Guideline Development Group for diagnosing and managing disseminated histoplasmosis among people living with HIV. Summary of Guidelines for Managing Histoplasmosis among People Living with HIV. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (2):134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFreddy Perez; Diego Caceres; Nathan Ford; Giovanni Ravasi; Beatriz Gomez; Alessandro Pasqualotto; Paul Hine; Antoine Adenis; Mathieu Nacher; Tom Chiller; John Baddley; for the Guideline Development Group for diagnosing and managing disseminated histoplasmosis among people living with HIV. 2021. "Summary of Guidelines for Managing Histoplasmosis among People Living with HIV." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 2: 134.
Background Disseminated histoplasmosis is a major killer of patients with advanced HIV. It is proteiform and often hard to diagnose in the absence of diagnostic tests. We aimed to describe disseminated histoplasmosis with lymphadenopathies in French Guiana and to compare survival and severity of those patients to patients without lymphadenopathies. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed on data records collected between January 1, 1981 and October 1, 2014. Results Among 349 cases of disseminated histoplasmosis 168 (48.3%) had superficial lymphadenopathies and 133(38.1%) had deep lymphadenopathies. The median LDH concentration, ferritin concentration, TGO concentration, and WHO performance status were lower among patients with deep lymphadenopathies than those without deep lymphadenopathies. There was a significant decrease in the risk of early death (<1 month) among those with deep lymphadenopathies relative to those without (OR=0.26 (95%CI=0.10–0.60), P=0.0006) and in the overall risk of death (OR=0.33 (95%CI=0.20-0.55), P<0.0001). These associations remained strongly significant after adjusting for time period, CD4 counts, age, delay between beginning of symptoms and hospital admission, antifungal and antiretroviral treatment. Conclusions The present data show that in patients with advanced HIV and disseminated histoplasmosis, the presence of deep lymphadenopathies is associated with fewer markers of severity and a lower risk of death. To our knowledge it is the first study to show this. The presence of deep lymphadenopathies is hypothesized to reflect the patient’s partially effective defense against H. capsulatum.
Mathieu Nacher; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Philippe Abboud; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Balthazar Ntab; Audrey Valdes; Pierre Couppié. Reduced Severity in Patients With HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis With Deep Lymphadenopathies: A Trench War Remains Within the Lymph Nodes? Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2021, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleMathieu Nacher, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Antoine Adenis, Romain Blaizot, Philippe Abboud, Magalie Demar, Félix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Caroline Misslin, Balthazar Ntab, Audrey Valdes, Pierre Couppié. Reduced Severity in Patients With HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis With Deep Lymphadenopathies: A Trench War Remains Within the Lymph Nodes? Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2021; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Nacher; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Philippe Abboud; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Balthazar Ntab; Audrey Valdes; Pierre Couppié. 2021. "Reduced Severity in Patients With HIV-Associated Disseminated Histoplasmosis With Deep Lymphadenopathies: A Trench War Remains Within the Lymph Nodes?" Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10, no. : 1.
Aims: This study examines the dynamics of malaria as influenced by meteorological factors in French Guiana from 2005 to 2019. It explores spatial hotspots of malaria transmission and aims to determine the factors associated with variation of hotspots with time. Methods: Data for individual malaria cases came from the surveillance system of the Delocalized Centers for Prevention and Care (CDPS) (n = 17) from 2005–2019. Meteorological data was acquired from the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) database. The Box–Jenkins autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model tested stationarity of the time series, and the impact of meteorological indices (issued from principal component analysis—PCA) on malaria incidence was determined with a general additive model. Hotspot characterization was performed using spatial scan statistics. Results: The current sample includes 7050 eligible Plasmodium vivax (n = 4111) and Plasmodium falciparum (n = 2939) cases from health centers across French Guiana. The first and second PCA-derived meteorological components (maximum/minimum temperature/minimum humidity and maximum humidity, respectively) were significantly negatively correlated with total malaria incidence with a lag of one week and 10 days, respectively. Overall malaria incidence decreased across the time series until 2017 when incidence began to trend upwards. Hotspot characterization revealed a few health centers that exhibited spatial stability across the entire time series: Saint Georges de l’Oyapock and Antecume Pata for P. falciparum, and Saint Georges de l’Oyapock, Antecume Pata, Régina and Camopi for P. vivax. Conclusions: This study highlighted changing malaria incidence in French Guiana and the influences of meteorological factors on transmission. Many health centers showed spatial stability in transmission, albeit not temporal. Knowledge of the areas of high transmission as well as how and why transmission has changed over time can inform strategies to reduce the transmission of malaria in French Guiana. Hotspots should be further investigated to understand other influences on local transmission, which will help to facilitate elimination.
Jenna Scully; Emilie Mosnier; Aurel Carbunar; Emmanuel Roux; Félix Djossou; Nicolas Garçeran; Lise Musset; Alice Sanna; Magalie Demar; Mathieu Nacher; Jean Gaudart. Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in French Guiana: 2005–2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1077 .
AMA StyleJenna Scully, Emilie Mosnier, Aurel Carbunar, Emmanuel Roux, Félix Djossou, Nicolas Garçeran, Lise Musset, Alice Sanna, Magalie Demar, Mathieu Nacher, Jean Gaudart. Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in French Guiana: 2005–2019. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1077.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJenna Scully; Emilie Mosnier; Aurel Carbunar; Emmanuel Roux; Félix Djossou; Nicolas Garçeran; Lise Musset; Alice Sanna; Magalie Demar; Mathieu Nacher; Jean Gaudart. 2021. "Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in French Guiana: 2005–2019." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1077.
Disseminated histoplasmosis is one the main AIDS-defining opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients, notably in Latin America. The non-specific and proteiform clinical presentation leads to diagnostic delays that may lead to fatal outcomes. This retrospective multicentric study aimed to describe the frequency and manifestations of gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in French Guiana, and to compare patients with disseminated histoplasmosis with or without gastrointestinal involvement. Between January 1, 1981 and October 1, 2014 co-infections with HIV and histoplasmosis were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were: age >18 years, confirmed HIV infection; first proven episode of histoplasmosis. Among 349 cases of disseminated histoplasmosis, 245 (70%) had a gastrointestinal presentation. Half of patients with gastrointestinal signs had abdominal pain or diarrhea, mostly watery. Half of patients with abdominal pain had diarrhea (63/124) and half of those with diarrhea (63/123) had abdominal pain. A significant proportion of patients also had hepatomegaly and, to a lesser degree, splenomegaly. After adjusting for potential confounding, the presence of lymphadenopathies >2cm (AOR = 0.2, IC95 = 0.04–0.7, P = 0.01), Haitian origin (AOR = 0.04, IC95 = 0.004–0.4, P = 0.006) were associated with a lower prevalence of gastrointestinal signs and positive gastrointestinal presence of H. capsulatum. Persons with a gastrointestinal H. capsulatum were more likely to have a decreased prothrombin time, lower ferritin, lower liver enzymes, and lower concentrations of LDH than those without gastrointestinal signs and symptoms. They also had a shorter interval between symptoms onset and diagnosis. Patients with a positive gastrointestinal identification of H. capsulatum were less likely to die at 1 month than those without a gastrointestinal presentation (respectively, 4.6% vs 18.5%, P = 0.01). Subacute or chronic gastrointestinal presentations are very frequent during disseminated histoplasmosis, they seem less severe, and should lead to suspect the diagnosis in endemic areas. There were populational or geographic differences in the frequency of gastrointestinal manifestations that could not be explained.
Mathieu Nacher; Audrey Valdes; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Philippe Abboud; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Balthazar Ntab; Dominique Louvel; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Pierre Couppié. Gastrointestinal disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients: A descriptive and comparative study. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021, 15, e0009050 .
AMA StyleMathieu Nacher, Audrey Valdes, Antoine Adenis, Romain Blaizot, Philippe Abboud, Magalie Demar, Félix Djossou, Loïc Epelboin, Caroline Misslin, Balthazar Ntab, Dominique Louvel, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Pierre Couppié. Gastrointestinal disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients: A descriptive and comparative study. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2021; 15 (1):e0009050.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMathieu Nacher; Audrey Valdes; Antoine Adenis; Romain Blaizot; Philippe Abboud; Magalie Demar; Félix Djossou; Loïc Epelboin; Caroline Misslin; Balthazar Ntab; Dominique Louvel; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Pierre Couppié. 2021. "Gastrointestinal disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients: A descriptive and comparative study." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 1: e0009050.
Objective: To understand the transmission dynamics of the HIV-1 subtype B epidemic in French Guiana and the factors that shaped the expansion of major phylogenetic transmission clusters. Design: HIV-1 subtype B pol sequences with associated epidemiological data obtained from 703 treatment-naïve patients living in French Guiana between 2006 and 2012, which correspond to 91% of all HIV cases diagnosed in that period, were employed in this study. Methods: Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods were used to construct phylogenetic trees, identify transmission clusters and estimate intervals between successive infections. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate epidemiological characteristics associated with cluster membership. Results: HIV-1 subtype B pol sequences from French Guiana were distributed in 10 large/medium transmission clades (LMTC, n > 10, 55%), 19 small transmission clades (STC, n = 3–8, 10%), 36 dyads (10%) or were non-clustered (25%). The rate of clustering did not differ by sex or clinical stage, but sex workers, crack-cocaine users, young individuals (15–20 years) and nationals or migrants from neighboring South American countries were more likely to cluster within LMTC than individuals from other groups. We estimated that 53–63% of immigrants were infected after the arrival in French Guiana and that 50% of HIV transmissions within LMTC occurred during the first two years after infection. Conclusions: These findings reinforce the notion that high-risk sexual behaviors among young individuals and migrants (post-migration) combined with late HIV diagnosis are key drivers of onward dissemination of major HIV transmission clusters in French Guiana.
Ighor Arantes; Gonzalo Bello; Edith Darcissac; Vincent Lacoste; Mathieu Nacher. Using phylogenetic surveillance and epidemiological data to understand the HIV-1 transmission dynamics in French Guiana. AIDS 2021, 35, 979 -984.
AMA StyleIghor Arantes, Gonzalo Bello, Edith Darcissac, Vincent Lacoste, Mathieu Nacher. Using phylogenetic surveillance and epidemiological data to understand the HIV-1 transmission dynamics in French Guiana. AIDS. 2021; 35 (6):979-984.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIghor Arantes; Gonzalo Bello; Edith Darcissac; Vincent Lacoste; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Using phylogenetic surveillance and epidemiological data to understand the HIV-1 transmission dynamics in French Guiana." AIDS 35, no. 6: 979-984.
Background: Influenza has been shown to increase the risk for severe bacterial infection, in the tropics the seasonality of influenza epidemics is less marked and this may not be the case. Dengue is often followed by prolonged asthenia and some physicians hypothesized increased susceptibility to infections based on anecdotal observations.Methods: Time series of influenza and dengue surveillance were confronted with bacterial sepsis admissions to test the hypotheses. Monthly surveillance data on influenza and dengue and aggregated sepsis data in Cayenne hospital were matched between 24/10/2007 and 27/09/2016. An ARIMA (1,0,1) model was used.Results: The series of the number of monthly cases of sepsis was positively associated with the monthly number of cases of influenza at time t (β=0.001, p=0.0359). Forecasts were imperfectly correlated with sepsis since influenza is not the only risk factor for sepsis. None of the ARIMA models showed a significant link between the dengue series and the sepsis series. Conclusions: There was thus no link between dengue epidemics and sepsis but it was estimated that for every 1,000 cases of flu there was one additional case of sepsis. In this tropical setting, influenza was highly seasonal, and improved vaccination coverage could have benefits on sepsis.
Claire Cropet; Philippe Abboud; Emilie Mosnier; Loïc Epelboin; Félix Djossou; Ward Schroeten; Milko Sobesky; Mathieu Nacher. Relationship between influenza and dengue outbreaks, and subsequent bacterial sepsis in French Guiana: a time series analysis. Journal of Public Health Research 2021, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleClaire Cropet, Philippe Abboud, Emilie Mosnier, Loïc Epelboin, Félix Djossou, Ward Schroeten, Milko Sobesky, Mathieu Nacher. Relationship between influenza and dengue outbreaks, and subsequent bacterial sepsis in French Guiana: a time series analysis. Journal of Public Health Research. 2021; 10 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaire Cropet; Philippe Abboud; Emilie Mosnier; Loïc Epelboin; Félix Djossou; Ward Schroeten; Milko Sobesky; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Relationship between influenza and dengue outbreaks, and subsequent bacterial sepsis in French Guiana: a time series analysis." Journal of Public Health Research 10, no. 1: 1.
Laure Manuella Imounga; Juliette Plenet; Sophie Belliardo; Elie Chow Chine; Dominique Louvel; Beatrice Cenciu; Pierre Couppié; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Mathieu Nacher. Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality in French Guiana: South American or French? 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleLaure Manuella Imounga, Juliette Plenet, Sophie Belliardo, Elie Chow Chine, Dominique Louvel, Beatrice Cenciu, Pierre Couppié, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Mathieu Nacher. Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality in French Guiana: South American or French? . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaure Manuella Imounga; Juliette Plenet; Sophie Belliardo; Elie Chow Chine; Dominique Louvel; Beatrice Cenciu; Pierre Couppié; Kinan Drak Alsibai; Mathieu Nacher. 2021. "Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality in French Guiana: South American or French?" , no. : 1.
Background: Current trends of emerging infectious disease outbreaks (EIDs) forecast impending global epidemiological crises. Human-driven environmental changes, including climate change along with overpopulation and global travel, have been contributing to EIDs outbreaks in many developing countries. The subject has attracted increasing attention with the recent Ebola and Zika epidemics, which highlights the potential threats to human and animal health, social stability, and global trade and economy. The blueprint priority diseases (BPDs) is a list established by the World Health Organization of ten zoonotic diseases, which are in urgent need of research. We proposed mapping the predictive risk of the BPDs using spatial Bayesian models and species distribution modelling of the outbreaks following the year 2000. The aim is to provide a global perspective, measure predictive risks, and evaluate the use of biogeography on predicting diseases outbreaks. We also proposed disease biogeography as a tool for identifying the potential hotspots for Disease X listed in the BPDs.
S. Jagadesh; M. Combe; Mathieu Nacher; R. Gozlan. In search for the hotspots of Disease X: A biogeographic approach to mapping the predictive risk of WHO's blueprint priority diseases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020, 101, 220 .
AMA StyleS. Jagadesh, M. Combe, Mathieu Nacher, R. Gozlan. In search for the hotspots of Disease X: A biogeographic approach to mapping the predictive risk of WHO's blueprint priority diseases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020; 101 ():220.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Jagadesh; M. Combe; Mathieu Nacher; R. Gozlan. 2020. "In search for the hotspots of Disease X: A biogeographic approach to mapping the predictive risk of WHO's blueprint priority diseases." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 101, no. : 220.