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The existing continuation power flow (CPF) methods, which mainly focus on regional independent systems, are not suitable for multi-area interconnected bulk systems in the electricity market environment. These existing CPF models cannot simulate the control behaviours of active/reactive power exchange among subsystems, and the corresponding CPF algorithms cannot satisfy the requirements of data sharing. This study presents a novel CPF model and its corresponding distributed algorithm for interconnected systems in which the influence of the electricity market is considered. This CPF method has the following unique features: 1) Regarding the bilateral power trading contracts (BPTCs) among regional subsystems, the nonlinear constraint equations of the directional trading active power via the interface are derived, and a multi-balancing machine strategy is introduced for realizing the active power balance of each subsystem. 2) Based on the simulation of the constant-voltage control behaviour of the pilot buses in the regional automatic voltage control (AVC) system, the constant-voltage control behaviour of the boundary buses of the tie-lines is further simulated to realize the reactive power balance among the regional subsystems. 3) According to the characteristics of the proposed CPF model, a novel distributed CPF algorithm based on block matrix computations is presented for realizing the decomposition and coordination calculation of multiple regional subsystems. This distributed algorithm preserves the precision and convergence of integrated CPF algorithms and has an advantage in terms of the calculation speed. The performance of the proposed CPF model and distributed algorithm is demonstrated via case studies and comparative analyses.
Chong Ding; Wei Yan; Zhouyang Ren; Ruifeng Zhao; Wei-Jen Lee; Xinyan Tang. Continuation Power Flow Model for Interconnected Systems Considering the Electricity Market Influence and Its Corresponding Distributed Algorithm. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 75910 -75924.
AMA StyleChong Ding, Wei Yan, Zhouyang Ren, Ruifeng Zhao, Wei-Jen Lee, Xinyan Tang. Continuation Power Flow Model for Interconnected Systems Considering the Electricity Market Influence and Its Corresponding Distributed Algorithm. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):75910-75924.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChong Ding; Wei Yan; Zhouyang Ren; Ruifeng Zhao; Wei-Jen Lee; Xinyan Tang. 2019. "Continuation Power Flow Model for Interconnected Systems Considering the Electricity Market Influence and Its Corresponding Distributed Algorithm." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 75910-75924.
Existing continuation power flow (CPF) models mainly focus on the regional independent systems, which are not suitable for multi-area AC/DC interconnected systems because the market trading behaviors and security control for power allocation of tie-lines are ignored. This study presents a novel CPF model and its decoupling algorithm for multi-area AC/DC interconnected systems incorporating a voltage source converter (VSC)-based multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) network. This CPF model includes the following unique features: (1) In view of the bilateral power trading contracts among regional subsystems, the nonlinear constraint equations of directional trading active power via interface are derived, and the multi-balancing machine strategy is introduced to realize the active power balance of each subsystem. (2) An accurate simulation method for the security control behaviors of the power allocation in tie-lines is proposed, which includes a specific selection strategy for automatic generation control units and a generation re-dispatch strategy. These two strategies work together to prevent the serious overload in tie-lines during load growth and improve the voltage stability margin of the interconnected bulk systems. (3) The switching characteristic of reactive power control behaviors of VSC stations is simulated in the CPF calculation. In the end, a novel decoupling CPF algorithm based on bi-directional iteration is presented to realize the decomposition and coordination calculation. This decoupling algorithm preserves the precision and convergence of integrated CPF algorithms, and it has an apparent advantage on the calculation speed. Furthermore, this decoupling algorithm also can easily reflects the effects of the control mode changes of VSC stations to the voltage stability margin of AC system. Case studies and comparative analysis on the IEEE two-area RTS-96 system indicate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed CPF model and corresponding decoupling algorithm.
Wei Yan; Chong Ding; Zhouyang Ren; Wei-Jen Lee. A Continuation Power Flow Model of Multi-Area AC/DC Interconnected Bulk Systems Incorporating Voltage Source Converter-Based Multi-Terminal DC Networks and Its Decoupling Algorithm. Energies 2019, 12, 733 .
AMA StyleWei Yan, Chong Ding, Zhouyang Ren, Wei-Jen Lee. A Continuation Power Flow Model of Multi-Area AC/DC Interconnected Bulk Systems Incorporating Voltage Source Converter-Based Multi-Terminal DC Networks and Its Decoupling Algorithm. Energies. 2019; 12 (4):733.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Yan; Chong Ding; Zhouyang Ren; Wei-Jen Lee. 2019. "A Continuation Power Flow Model of Multi-Area AC/DC Interconnected Bulk Systems Incorporating Voltage Source Converter-Based Multi-Terminal DC Networks and Its Decoupling Algorithm." Energies 12, no. 4: 733.