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The EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP 2014–2020) on soil management points to the combination of sustainable food production with environmental protection, reduction of CO2 emissions, and safeguarding of soil biodiversity. In this study, three farms (in the Emilia-Romagna region), managed with both conventional and conservation practices (the last ones with and without sub-irrigation systems), were monitored from 2014 to 2017 to highlight the impact of different crops and soil managements on soil arthropods, in terms of abundance, composition, and soil biological quality (applying QBS-ar index). To do this, linear mixed models were performed, whereas arthropods assemblages were studied through PERMANOVA and SIMPER analysis. Soil communities varied among farms, although most differences were found among crops depending on management practices. Nonetheless, conservation systems and a wider reduction in anthropogenic practices provided better conditions for soil fauna, enhancing QBS-ar. Moreover, arthropod groups responded to soil practices differently, highlighting their sensitivity to agricultural management. Community assemblages in corn and wheat differed between managements, mainly due to Acari and Collembola, respectively. In conservation management, wheat showed the overall greatest abundance of arthropods, owing to the great number of Acari, Collembola, and Hymenoptera, while the number of arthropod groups were generally higher in crop residues of forage.
Cristina Menta; Federica Delia Conti; Carlos Lozano Fondón; Francesca Staffilani; Sara Remelli. Soil Arthropod Responses in Agroecosystem: Implications of Different Management and Cropping Systems. Agronomy 2020, 10, 982 .
AMA StyleCristina Menta, Federica Delia Conti, Carlos Lozano Fondón, Francesca Staffilani, Sara Remelli. Soil Arthropod Responses in Agroecosystem: Implications of Different Management and Cropping Systems. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (7):982.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina Menta; Federica Delia Conti; Carlos Lozano Fondón; Francesca Staffilani; Sara Remelli. 2020. "Soil Arthropod Responses in Agroecosystem: Implications of Different Management and Cropping Systems." Agronomy 10, no. 7: 982.
Forests, including their soils, play an important role since they represent a large reservoir of biodiversity. Current studies show that the diversity of soil fauna provides multiple ecosystem functions and services across biomes. However, anthropogenic practices often pose a threat to soil fauna because of changes in land use and soil mismanagement. In these terms, rangelands in the southwest of Spain present several problems of soil degradation related to livestock activity and soil erosion, the intensity of which compromises the soil fauna’s functions in the ecosystem. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the response of community metrics and the spatial distribution of soil microarthropods to livestock activity and vegetation in such ecosystems. A photo interpretation analysis of an experimental catchment used as a study area was developed to identify and classify the intensity of livestock pressure. A total of 150 soil samples were collected throughout 2018. Soil biological (CO2 efflux) and physical-chemical parameters (pH, bulk density, organic matter, and water contents), and such meteorological variables as precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration were considered as variables affecting the composition of microarthropod communities in terms of taxa diversity, abundances, and their adaptation to soil environment (evaluated by QBS-ar index). Results showed higher abundance of microarthropods and higher adaptation to soil environment outside the influence of trees rather than beneath tree canopies. Moreover, the classification of livestock pressure revealed by the photo interpretation analysis showed low correlations with community structure, as well as with the occurrence of well-adapted microarthropod groups that were found less frequently in areas with evidence of intense livestock activity. Furthermore, abundances and adaptations followed different spatial patterns. Due to future climate changes and increasing anthropogenic pressure, it is necessary to continue the study of soil fauna communities to determine their degree of sensitivity to such changes.
Carlos Lozano Fondón; Jesús Barrena-González; Manuel Pulido Fernández; Sara Remelli; Javier Lozano-Parra; Cristina Menta. Effects of Livestock Pressure and Vegetation Cover on the Spatial and Temporal Structure of Soil Microarthropod Communities in Iberian Rangelands. Forests 2020, 11, 1 .
AMA StyleCarlos Lozano Fondón, Jesús Barrena-González, Manuel Pulido Fernández, Sara Remelli, Javier Lozano-Parra, Cristina Menta. Effects of Livestock Pressure and Vegetation Cover on the Spatial and Temporal Structure of Soil Microarthropod Communities in Iberian Rangelands. Forests. 2020; 11 (6):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Lozano Fondón; Jesús Barrena-González; Manuel Pulido Fernández; Sara Remelli; Javier Lozano-Parra; Cristina Menta. 2020. "Effects of Livestock Pressure and Vegetation Cover on the Spatial and Temporal Structure of Soil Microarthropod Communities in Iberian Rangelands." Forests 11, no. 6: 1.
Truffles contribute both directly and indirectly to important dynamics in the soil web, being involved in a large number of ecological functions that are crucial for terrestrial ecosystems. Despite this, the interrelationships between true truffles, i.e. hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi producing valuable fruiting bodies, and other elements of the soil ecosystem are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to shed new light on whether and how much Tuber aestivum affects soil microbial activities (evaluated as enzyme activities), abundance (assayed as soil DNA content) and bacterial genetic diversity along with soil chemical properties. We compared chemical and biological variables inside and outside brûlés (i.e. areas inhabited by truffles with scarce vegetation cover around host plants) in two seasons, namely spring and summer, using both a linear mixed model and a multivariate two-block partial least squares approach. The areas with truffle presence had higher pH but lower organic carbon and nitrogen content. Similarly, all enzyme activities were lower inside the brûlé than outside, with the exception of peroxidase. A soil quality index (i.e. AI3) based on three enzyme activities (β-glucosidase, acid phosphomonoesterase and urease) indicated a reduction in soil quality inside the brûlé. Overall, soil DNA content responded to an interaction of truffle presence/absence and season, while bacterial genetic diversity indexes were higher in spring. Despite the observational nature of this study, results point out that T. aestivum can be considered a key species in the soil where it is present as it was associated with changes in chemistry as well as microbial activity that were generally more conspicuous than mere seasonal effects, although the causative nature of these associations still needs to be confirmed.
Michele Innangi; Antonietta Fioretto; Carlos Lozano Fondón; Luis Gonzaga García-Montero; Rossana Marzaioli; Stefania Pinto; Flora Angela Rutigliano; Cristina Menta. Tuber aestivum is associated with changes in soil chemistry and reduced biological quality in a Quercus pubescens stand in Northern Italy. Pedobiologia 2020, 80, 150648 .
AMA StyleMichele Innangi, Antonietta Fioretto, Carlos Lozano Fondón, Luis Gonzaga García-Montero, Rossana Marzaioli, Stefania Pinto, Flora Angela Rutigliano, Cristina Menta. Tuber aestivum is associated with changes in soil chemistry and reduced biological quality in a Quercus pubescens stand in Northern Italy. Pedobiologia. 2020; 80 ():150648.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichele Innangi; Antonietta Fioretto; Carlos Lozano Fondón; Luis Gonzaga García-Montero; Rossana Marzaioli; Stefania Pinto; Flora Angela Rutigliano; Cristina Menta. 2020. "Tuber aestivum is associated with changes in soil chemistry and reduced biological quality in a Quercus pubescens stand in Northern Italy." Pedobiologia 80, no. : 150648.
Landslides are common in the Northern Apennines (Italy) and their resulting changes in soil structure affect edaphic fauna biodiversity, whose activity has concurrent impacts on soil structural stability and water-holding capacity. The aim of this study was to characterise landslide evolution and assess potential relationships between its hydrogeological features and soil fauna. The landforms of the study area, located in the River Taro valley, were mapped and the hydraulic head fluctuations and groundwater electrical conductivity profiles were measured. The soil arthropod community was studied in seven sites, one subject to earth flow and six to rotational slide; the last ones were divided into the main scarp of the slide, and five sites characterized by different land use: three grassland, a wheat cultivated field and an overgrown area. Soil organic matter (SOM) and pH measurements were performed. Hydrogeological results suggest unexpected rapid percolation of relatively low-salinity waters through the unsaturated zone. Both lower SOM content and arthropod biodiversity were found in earth flow area, while higher values were found in grasslands. Fauna composition appears to be a good indicator of soil degradation processes, linked to the hydraulic features, and contributes to the evaluation of the soil condition in landslide areas for further agricultural purposes.
Sara Remelli; Emma Petrella; Alessandro Chelli; Federica Delia Conti; Carlos Lozano Fondón; Fulvio Celico; Roberto Francese; Cristina Menta; Lozano Fondón. Hydrodynamic and Soil Biodiversity Characterization in an Active Landslide. Water 2019, 11, 1882 .
AMA StyleSara Remelli, Emma Petrella, Alessandro Chelli, Federica Delia Conti, Carlos Lozano Fondón, Fulvio Celico, Roberto Francese, Cristina Menta, Lozano Fondón. Hydrodynamic and Soil Biodiversity Characterization in an Active Landslide. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1882.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Remelli; Emma Petrella; Alessandro Chelli; Federica Delia Conti; Carlos Lozano Fondón; Fulvio Celico; Roberto Francese; Cristina Menta; Lozano Fondón. 2019. "Hydrodynamic and Soil Biodiversity Characterization in an Active Landslide." Water 11, no. 9: 1882.
Los ecosistemas semiáridos mediterráneos de Chile soportan altas tasas demográficas y mantienen importantes economías asociadas a la productividad del medio natural, sin embargo, dependen fuertemente de la disponibilidad hídrica del medio. A pesar de ello, los estudios desarrollados en ambientes limitados por el agua abordados desde un enfo que ecohidrológico son todavía muy escasos en la zona semiárida de Chile. Este estudio intenta definir el papel del agua sobre el crecimiento de la biomasa herbácea utilizando una combinación de instrumentos que permitieron monitorizar con gran resolución tem poral la dinámica vegetal y distintas variables asociadas al ciclo hidrológico. Los resul tados mostraron que entre el 57% y el 93% de la varianza en la dinámica vegetal puede ser explicada utilizando únicamente tres variables asociadas al ciclo hidrológico (preci pitación, evapotranspiración y contenido hídrico del suelo). De este modo, un cambio en dicho ciclo podría amenazar el mantenimiento y productividad de estos ecosistemas.
Javier Lozano-Parra; Carlos Lozano-Fondón; Manuel Pulido; Ramón García-Marín. El papel del agua sobre la biomasa vegetal en la zona semiárida con clima mediterráneo de Chile 1. Revista de geografía Norte Grande 2018, 91 -108.
AMA StyleJavier Lozano-Parra, Carlos Lozano-Fondón, Manuel Pulido, Ramón García-Marín. El papel del agua sobre la biomasa vegetal en la zona semiárida con clima mediterráneo de Chile 1. Revista de geografía Norte Grande. 2018; (71):91-108.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier Lozano-Parra; Carlos Lozano-Fondón; Manuel Pulido; Ramón García-Marín. 2018. "El papel del agua sobre la biomasa vegetal en la zona semiárida con clima mediterráneo de Chile 1." Revista de geografía Norte Grande , no. 71: 91-108.
Interactions between land and atmosphere directly influence hydrometeorological processes and, therefore, the local climate. However, because of heterogeneity of vegetation covers these feedbacks can change over small areas, becoming more complex. This study aims to define how the interactions between soil moisture and vegetation covers influence soil temperatures in very water-limited environments. In order to do that, soil water content and soil temperature were continuously monitored with a frequency of 30 min over two and half hydrological years, using capacitance and temperature sensors that were located in open grasslands and below tree canopies. The study was carried out on three study areas located in drylands of Mediterranean climate. Results highlighted the importance of soil moisture and vegetation cover in modifying soil temperatures. During daytime and with low soil moisture conditions, daily maximum soil temperatures were, on average, 7.1 °C lower below tree canopies than in the air, whereas they were 4.2 °C higher in grasslands than in the air. As soil wetness decreased, soil temperature increased, although this effect was significantly weaker below tree canopies than in grasslands. Both high soil water content and the effect of shading were reflected in a decrease of maximum soil temperatures and of their daily amplitudes. Statistical analysis emphasized the influence of soil temperature on soil water reduction, regardless of vegetation cover. If soil moisture deficits become more frequent due to climate change, variations in soil temperature could increase, affecting hydrometeorological processes and local climate.
Javier Lozano-Parra; Manuel Pulido; Carlos Lozano-Fondón; Susanne Schnabel. How do Soil Moisture and Vegetation Covers Influence Soil Temperature in Drylands of Mediterranean Regions? Water 2018, 10, 1747 .
AMA StyleJavier Lozano-Parra, Manuel Pulido, Carlos Lozano-Fondón, Susanne Schnabel. How do Soil Moisture and Vegetation Covers Influence Soil Temperature in Drylands of Mediterranean Regions? Water. 2018; 10 (12):1747.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier Lozano-Parra; Manuel Pulido; Carlos Lozano-Fondón; Susanne Schnabel. 2018. "How do Soil Moisture and Vegetation Covers Influence Soil Temperature in Drylands of Mediterranean Regions?" Water 10, no. 12: 1747.
Cristina Menta; Federica Delia Conti; S. Pinto; A. Leoni; Carlos Lozano Fondón. Monitoring soil restoration in an open-pit mine in northern Italy. Applied Soil Ecology 2014, 83, 22 -29.
AMA StyleCristina Menta, Federica Delia Conti, S. Pinto, A. Leoni, Carlos Lozano Fondón. Monitoring soil restoration in an open-pit mine in northern Italy. Applied Soil Ecology. 2014; 83 ():22-29.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina Menta; Federica Delia Conti; S. Pinto; A. Leoni; Carlos Lozano Fondón. 2014. "Monitoring soil restoration in an open-pit mine in northern Italy." Applied Soil Ecology 83, no. : 22-29.