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The knowledge of a grinder structure, its performance parameters and characteristics of biomaterials breakage are crucial for this research whose aim is to determine the dependencies between performance parameters and comminution indicators. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between multi-disc mill performance parameters such as discs angular speed, batch dosing speed and comminution characteristics: power consumption, specific energy consumption, throughput and size reduction ratio. To achieve these goals, an experiment was conducted on a five-disc mill with a special monitoring system. The research program was established, with disc angular speed at different configurations and different batch dosing speeds. The results show that power consumption, specific energy consumption and size reduction ratio depend on the total increase in angular speed of discs SΔω in such a way that an increase in SΔω causes an increase in the abovementioned comminution indicators. In turn, an increase in batch dosing speed W causes an increase in throughput. The fitting curves of comminution indicators in dependence of selected performance parameters are also presented in this study.
Weronika Kruszelnicka; Jakub Hlosta; Jan Diviš; Łukasz Gierz. Study of the Relationships between Multi-Hole, Multi-Disc Mill Performance Parameters and Comminution Indicators. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8260 .
AMA StyleWeronika Kruszelnicka, Jakub Hlosta, Jan Diviš, Łukasz Gierz. Study of the Relationships between Multi-Hole, Multi-Disc Mill Performance Parameters and Comminution Indicators. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeronika Kruszelnicka; Jakub Hlosta; Jan Diviš; Łukasz Gierz. 2021. "Study of the Relationships between Multi-Hole, Multi-Disc Mill Performance Parameters and Comminution Indicators." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8260.
Due to agricultural producers' increasing awareness and the introduction of increasingly restrictive crop protection standards, producers have to use new technologies that are safer for consumers and the environment. In order to meet the requirements of these standards, it is necessary to take the physical properties of crops and agricultural raw materials (basic geometric parameters, shape factors, and equivalent spherical diameters) into account when designing machinery for the harvesting, transport, and processing of agricultural produce. When designing machinery, methods used for calculating the strength of the machine construction and the discrete element method (DEM) used in computer simulations of processes involving seeds or particles require the provision of the exact geometrical dimensions of particles and seeds. The aim of the study was to develop a universal method of measurement of the overall dimensions of granular material particles using a widely available application based on image analysis. The study presents the possibility of using a new method of measuring overall dimensions by means of the widely available ImageJ application on a specially designed test facility.
Ł Gierz; P Markowski; B Chmielewski. Validation of an image-analysis-based method of measurement of the overall dimensions of seeds. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021, 1736, 012007 .
AMA StyleŁ Gierz, P Markowski, B Chmielewski. Validation of an image-analysis-based method of measurement of the overall dimensions of seeds. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021; 1736 (1):012007.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁ Gierz; P Markowski; B Chmielewski. 2021. "Validation of an image-analysis-based method of measurement of the overall dimensions of seeds." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1736, no. 1: 012007.
The continuous development of computer technology has made it applicable in many scientific fields, including research into a wide range of processes in agricultural machines. It allows the simulation of very complex physical phenomena, including grain motion. A recently discovered discrete element method (DEM) is used for this purpose. It involves direct integration of equations of grain system motion under the action of various forces, the most important of which are contact forces. The method’s accuracy depends mainly on precisely developed mathematical models of contacts. The creation of such models requires empirical validation, an experiment that investigates the course of contact forces at the moment of the impact of the grains. To achieve this, specialised test stations equipped with force and speed sensors were developed. The correct selection of testing equipment and interpretation of results play a decisive role in this type of research. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the force sensor dynamic properties’ influence on the measurement accuracy of the course of the plant grain impact forces against a stiff surface. The issue was examined using the computer simulation method. A proprietary computer software with the main calculation module and data input procedures, which presents results in a graphic form, was used for calculations. From the simulation, graphs of the contact force and force signal from the sensor were obtained. This helped to clearly indicate the essence of the correct selection of parameters used in the tests of sensors, which should be characterised by high resonance frequency.
Włodzimierz Kęska; Jacek Marcinkiewicz; Łukasz Gierz; Żaneta Staszak; Jarosław Selech; Krzysztof Koszela. Simulation Verification of the Contact Parameter Influence on the Forces’ Course of Cereal Grain Impact against a Stiff Surface. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 466 .
AMA StyleWłodzimierz Kęska, Jacek Marcinkiewicz, Łukasz Gierz, Żaneta Staszak, Jarosław Selech, Krzysztof Koszela. Simulation Verification of the Contact Parameter Influence on the Forces’ Course of Cereal Grain Impact against a Stiff Surface. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):466.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWłodzimierz Kęska; Jacek Marcinkiewicz; Łukasz Gierz; Żaneta Staszak; Jarosław Selech; Krzysztof Koszela. 2021. "Simulation Verification of the Contact Parameter Influence on the Forces’ Course of Cereal Grain Impact against a Stiff Surface." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2: 466.
Samples of triticale seeds of various qualities were assessed in the study. The seeds were obtained during experiments, reflecting the actual sowing conditions. The experiments were conducted on an original test facility designed by the authors of this study. The speed of the air (15, 20, 25 m/s) transporting seeds in the pneumatic conduit was adjusted to sowing. The resulting graphic database enabled the distinction of six classes of seeds according to their quality and sowing speed. The database was prepared to build training, validation and test sets. The neural model generation process was based on multi-layer perceptron networks (MLPN) and statistical (machine training). When the MLPN was used to identify contaminants in seeds sown at a speed of 15 m/s, the lowest RMS error of 0.052 was noted, whereas the classification correctness coefficient amounted to 0.99.
Łukasz Gierz; Krzysztof Przybył; Krzysztof Koszela; Adamina Duda; Witold Ostrowicz. The Use of Image Analysis to Detect Seed Contamination—A Case Study of Triticale. Sensors 2020, 21, 151 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Krzysztof Przybył, Krzysztof Koszela, Adamina Duda, Witold Ostrowicz. The Use of Image Analysis to Detect Seed Contamination—A Case Study of Triticale. Sensors. 2020; 21 (1):151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Krzysztof Przybył; Krzysztof Koszela; Adamina Duda; Witold Ostrowicz. 2020. "The Use of Image Analysis to Detect Seed Contamination—A Case Study of Triticale." Sensors 21, no. 1: 151.
The effectiveness and precision of transporting wood chips on the transport trailer or hopper depends on an inclination angle, a conveyor belt speed, and length. In order to devise a methodology aiding designing and the selection of technical and performance parameters (aiding the settings of conveyor belt sub-assemblies), the authors carried out the simulation tests concerning wood chips transport on the belt conveyor and their outlet. For the purposes of these tests, a simulation model was performed in the Rocky DEM (discrete element method) software in the numerical analysis environment and compared to analytical tests. The tested wood chips were taken from cherry plum branches chipping processes (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. Beitr. Naturk. 4:17. 1789 (Gartenkalender 4:189-204. 1784)), out of which seven basic fractions were separated, which differed mainly in terms of their diameter from 5 mm to 50 mm and the length of 150 mm. The article presents the results of wood chips ejection distance in the form of the 3D functions of wood chips ejection distance depending on the conveyor belt inclination angle and belt speed. The results are presented for five conveyor belt lengths (1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, 5 m). The tests also involved the conveyor belt inclination angle in the range from 10° to 50° and the belt velocity in the range from 1 m/s2 to 5 m/s2. The numerical test results demonstrate higher average values of wood chips ejection distance than designated in the analytical model. The average arithmetical difference in the results between the numerical and analytical model is at the level of 13%.
Łukasz Gierz; Łukasz Warguła; Mateusz Kukla; Krzysztof Koszela; Tomasz Szymon Zwiachel. Computer Aided Modeling of Wood Chips Transport by Means of a Belt Conveyor with Use of Discrete Element Method. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 9091 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Łukasz Warguła, Mateusz Kukla, Krzysztof Koszela, Tomasz Szymon Zwiachel. Computer Aided Modeling of Wood Chips Transport by Means of a Belt Conveyor with Use of Discrete Element Method. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (24):9091.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Łukasz Warguła; Mateusz Kukla; Krzysztof Koszela; Tomasz Szymon Zwiachel. 2020. "Computer Aided Modeling of Wood Chips Transport by Means of a Belt Conveyor with Use of Discrete Element Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24: 9091.
Due to the sustainable development of agriculture machines with large working widths of 4–6 m or even 9–12 m are increasingly often used for agrotechnical operations. The sowing machinery whose working widths are much bigger than the width of the seed box is equipped with a pneumatic system for transporting seeds from the seed box to coulters. One of the structural elements that affect the sowing accuracy in such seed drills is the distribution head with a diffuser. This article is about research on the influence of the distribution head deviation from the vertical position and constructional variants of the diffuser (the number of diffusion rings and the configuration of their position in the diffuser pipe, which is the distance between them) on the accuracy of distribution of a stream of rye and oat seeds (a seed-and-air stream), which differ in physical characteristics. The main elements, i.e., the innovative stream distributor in the head and the diffusion rings were made using an original design and the rapid prototyping method. The research proved that a change of 0–10° in the angle of the distribution head deviation from the vertical position significantly affected the sowing quality of oat seeds only. The position (density) of the diffusion rings in the lower section of the diffuser (near the supply elbow) was the most effective for both oat and rye seeds, where the average values of the coefficient of variation were 5.31% and 4.62%, respectively. The research results can be used to redesign the construction of the diffuser of the seed drill distribution head so as to reduce the resistance of transport of the seed-and-air mixture in order to improve seed sowing evenness.
Łukasz Gierz; Piotr Markowski. The Effect of the Distribution Head Tilt and Diffuser Variants on the Evenness of Sowing Rye and Oat Seeds with a Pneumatic Seed Drill. Materials 2020, 13, 3000 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Piotr Markowski. The Effect of the Distribution Head Tilt and Diffuser Variants on the Evenness of Sowing Rye and Oat Seeds with a Pneumatic Seed Drill. Materials. 2020; 13 (13):3000.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Piotr Markowski. 2020. "The Effect of the Distribution Head Tilt and Diffuser Variants on the Evenness of Sowing Rye and Oat Seeds with a Pneumatic Seed Drill." Materials 13, no. 13: 3000.
The paper presents the results of a test on the use of piezoelectric sensors made of PVDF foil for counting grain and checking clogging in the sowing drill. The tests were carried out in a simulator of the sowing drill with the use of a measuring system with high input impedance. Two kinds of barley and triticale grains were investigated. Measurements were carried out for different feeding frequencies. On the basis of the signals recorded, an algorithm of counting the sown grain was developed and tested. The algorithm is based on signal statistic comparison in adjacent windows. The developed algorithm allows counting more than 90% of the sown grains.
Łukasz Gierz; Bartłomiej Kazimierz Paszkiewicz. PVDF Piezoelectric Sensors for Seeds Counting and Coulter Clogging Detection in Sowing Process Monitoring. Journal of Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -7.
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Bartłomiej Kazimierz Paszkiewicz. PVDF Piezoelectric Sensors for Seeds Counting and Coulter Clogging Detection in Sowing Process Monitoring. Journal of Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Bartłomiej Kazimierz Paszkiewicz. 2020. "PVDF Piezoelectric Sensors for Seeds Counting and Coulter Clogging Detection in Sowing Process Monitoring." Journal of Engineering 2020, no. : 1-7.
The amendment to the Polish Renewable Energy Act creates great opportunities for the development of the biogas market in Poland. Years of experience in biogas production in Western Europe and the development of biogas installations in Poland indicate the requirement to look for alternative...
Stanisław Marks; Jacek Dach; Francisco Jesus Fernandez Morales; Jakub Mazurkiewicz; Patrycja Pochwatka; Łukasz Gierz. New Trends in Substrates and Biogas Systems in Poland. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2020, 21, 19 -25.
AMA StyleStanisław Marks, Jacek Dach, Francisco Jesus Fernandez Morales, Jakub Mazurkiewicz, Patrycja Pochwatka, Łukasz Gierz. New Trends in Substrates and Biogas Systems in Poland. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2020; 21 (4):19-25.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStanisław Marks; Jacek Dach; Francisco Jesus Fernandez Morales; Jakub Mazurkiewicz; Patrycja Pochwatka; Łukasz Gierz. 2020. "New Trends in Substrates and Biogas Systems in Poland." Journal of Ecological Engineering 21, no. 4: 19-25.
It is important to protect potatoes from insects and diseases at an early stage of their development. Pesticides are necessary to prevent loss caused by Colorado potato beetles feeding on potato leaves. Nowadays, there are attempts to reduce the use of chemical agents to the minimum necessary level. This article describes the construction of a novel valve that applies chemicals in an intermittent stream during potato treatment. Thus, it is possible to reduce the emission of chemicals to the natural environment. The article also describes the research site where the valve was tested, provides the results of laboratory investigations on different types of sprayer nozzles and their validation. Apart from that, the degree of the seed potato surface covering with the dressing was assessed in order to select the right sprayer nozzle and working pressure. The results of field tests of the seed dresser prototype with novel nozzles showed that they effectively dressed seed potatoes while saving 2 L (50%) of the chemical per hectare. Fissure sprayers achieved the highest degree of covering (up to 78%) with the first version of the valve (without auxiliary airflow). When the innovative valve (the second solution with auxiliary airstream) was applied at a distance of 50 mm from the seed potato fall path S, the highest degree of coverage with the dressing substance (up to 88%) was observed for the ejector sprayer. When the distance between the valve and the seed potato fall, path S was increased from 50 to 100 mm, the degree of surface coverage was lower for both of the valves used in the tests.
Łukasz Gierz; Krzysztof Przybył; Krzysztof Koszela; Łukasz Semkło; Sebastian Kwiecień. An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes. Agronomy 2020, 10, 541 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Krzysztof Przybył, Krzysztof Koszela, Łukasz Semkło, Sebastian Kwiecień. An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (4):541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Krzysztof Przybył; Krzysztof Koszela; Łukasz Semkło; Sebastian Kwiecień. 2020. "An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes." Agronomy 10, no. 4: 541.
The protection of potatoes from pests and diseases, especially at an early stage of their development, is an indispensable element of cultivation. Pesticides are most commonly used for protection, but their high doses may adversely affect the natural environment, including soil and water. This study compares the losses of a chemical agent emitted during the dressing of seed potatoes by means of an innovative valve enabling intermittent outflow of the liquid and by means of a standard valve with a continuous outflow. The research proved that the intermittent outflow of the working liquid decreased the amount of the chemical agent emitted into the environment ten times. The article also describes the site at which the innovative valve was tested and compares the results of laboratory tests for three distances of the sprayer from the potato fall path (50, 100, 150 mm) and four different pressures of the working liquid (1–4 kPa). The research showed that the amount of losses, i.e., emissions of the chemical agent into the environment from the innovative valve (intermittent stream of the working liquid) depended on the difference in the air and liquid pressure. The solution is environmentally friendly. The results showed that the distance between the sprayer valve and the seed potato falling path had minimal influence on the amount of the agent left on the surface of seed potatoes when a continuous stream was applied, but it had considerable influence when an intermittent stream was applied. The distance had negative effect on the ratio of retention of the applied liquid at pressures of 100 and 200 kPa, but it had positive effect at pressures of 300 and 400 kPa (at an intermittent flow). When a continuous stream was applied and the distance between the spray valve and the seed potato falling path increased from 100 to 150 mm, it had positive effect on the retention coefficient for all the four pressures tested (100, 200, 300, 400 kPa).
Łukasz Gierz; Krzysztof Przybył; Krzysztof Koszela; Piotr Markowski. The Effectiveness of the Application of a Chemical Agent (Dressing) to Seed Potatoes by Means of an Innovative Valve Enabling Intermittent Flow of a Liquid. Agriculture 2020, 10, 85 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Krzysztof Przybył, Krzysztof Koszela, Piotr Markowski. The Effectiveness of the Application of a Chemical Agent (Dressing) to Seed Potatoes by Means of an Innovative Valve Enabling Intermittent Flow of a Liquid. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (3):85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Krzysztof Przybył; Krzysztof Koszela; Piotr Markowski. 2020. "The Effectiveness of the Application of a Chemical Agent (Dressing) to Seed Potatoes by Means of an Innovative Valve Enabling Intermittent Flow of a Liquid." Agriculture 10, no. 3: 85.
In this paper, the authors used an acoustic wave acting as a disturbance (acoustic vibration), which travelled in all directions on the whole surface of a dried strawberry fruit in its specified area. The area of space in which the acoustic wave occurs is defined as the acoustic field. When the vibrating surface—for example, the surface of the belt—becomes the source, then one can observe the travelling of surface waves. For any shape of the surface of the dried strawberry fruit, the signal of travelling waves takes the form that is imposed by this irregular surface. The aim of this work was to research the effectiveness of recognizing the two trials in the process of convection drying on the basis of the acoustic signal backed up by neural networks. The input variables determined descriptors such as frequency (Hz) and the level of luminosity (dB). During the research, the degree of crispiness relative to the degree of maturity was compared. The results showed that the optimal neural model in respect of the lowest value of the root mean square turned out to be the Multi-Layer Perceptron network with the technique of dropping single fruits into water (data included in the learning data set Z2). The results confirm that the choice of method can have an influence on the effectives of recognizing dried strawberry fruits, and also this can be a basis for creating an effective and fast analysis tool which is capable of analyzing the degree of ripeness of fruits including their crispness in the industrial process of drying fruits.
Krzysztof Przybył; Adamina Duda; Krzysztof Koszela; Jerzy Stangierski; Mariusz Polarczyk; Łukasz Gierz. Classification of Dried Strawberry by the Analysis of the Acoustic Sound with Artificial Neural Networks. Sensors 2020, 20, 499 .
AMA StyleKrzysztof Przybył, Adamina Duda, Krzysztof Koszela, Jerzy Stangierski, Mariusz Polarczyk, Łukasz Gierz. Classification of Dried Strawberry by the Analysis of the Acoustic Sound with Artificial Neural Networks. Sensors. 2020; 20 (2):499.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Przybył; Adamina Duda; Krzysztof Koszela; Jerzy Stangierski; Mariusz Polarczyk; Łukasz Gierz. 2020. "Classification of Dried Strawberry by the Analysis of the Acoustic Sound with Artificial Neural Networks." Sensors 20, no. 2: 499.
The article is an overview of scientific and patent literature as well as solutions available on the world market of electronic equipment for seed drills. Recently Dickey-John and Väderstad, which offers the SeedEye system, have been leading companies in this branch. Photoelectric sensors, which do not interfere with the seed flow, are often used to count seeds and control the correctness of sowing. The article describes and presents the results of simulation and laboratory tests of two original innovative concepts of a photoelectric sensor: 1 – with an infrared diode and a centrifugal seed stream concentrator, 2 - laser multi-reflection sensor
Łukasz Gierz; Włodzimierz Keska. The Application of Optoelectronic Elements to Control the Sowing Process. E3S Web of Conferences 2019, 132, 01003 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Gierz, Włodzimierz Keska. The Application of Optoelectronic Elements to Control the Sowing Process. E3S Web of Conferences. 2019; 132 ():01003.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Gierz; Włodzimierz Keska. 2019. "The Application of Optoelectronic Elements to Control the Sowing Process." E3S Web of Conferences 132, no. : 01003.
The study concentrates on researching possibilities of using computer image analysis and neural modeling in order to assess selected quality discriminants of spray-dried chokeberry powder. The aim of the paper is the quality identification of chokeberry powders on account of their highest dying power, the highest bioactivity, as well as technologically satisfying looseness of the powder. The article presents neural models with vision techniques backed up by devices such as digital cameras, as well as an electron microscope. The reduction in size of input variables with PCA has an influence on improving the processes of learning data sets, thus increasing the effectiveness of identifying chokeberry fruit powders included in digital pictures, which is shown in the results of the conducted research. The effectiveness of image recognition is presented by classifying abilities, as well as low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), for which the best results are achieved with a typology of network type Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). The selected networks type MLP are characterized by the highest degree of classification at 0.99 and RMSE at 0.11 at most at the same time.
Krzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; Krzysztof Koszela; Jacek Przybył; Magdalena Rudzińska; Łukasz Gierz; Ewa Domian. Neural Image Analysis and Electron Microscopy to Detect and Describe Selected Quality Factors of Fruit and Vegetable Spray-Dried Powders—Case Study: Chokeberry Powder. Sensors 2019, 19, 4413 .
AMA StyleKrzysztof Przybył, Jolanta Gawałek, Krzysztof Koszela, Jacek Przybył, Magdalena Rudzińska, Łukasz Gierz, Ewa Domian. Neural Image Analysis and Electron Microscopy to Detect and Describe Selected Quality Factors of Fruit and Vegetable Spray-Dried Powders—Case Study: Chokeberry Powder. Sensors. 2019; 19 (20):4413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; Krzysztof Koszela; Jacek Przybył; Magdalena Rudzińska; Łukasz Gierz; Ewa Domian. 2019. "Neural Image Analysis and Electron Microscopy to Detect and Describe Selected Quality Factors of Fruit and Vegetable Spray-Dried Powders—Case Study: Chokeberry Powder." Sensors 19, no. 20: 4413.
The study concentrates on researching possibilities of using computer image analysis and neural modeling in order to assess selected quality discriminants of spray-dried chokeberry powder. The aim of the paper is quality identification of chokeberry powders on account of their highest dying power, the highest bioactivity as well as technologically satisfying looseness of powder. The article presents neural models with vision technique backed up by devices such as digital camera as well as electron microscope. Reduction in size of input variables with PCA has influence on improving the processes of learning data sets, thus increasing effectiveness of identifying chokeberry fruit powders included in digital pictures, which is shown in the results of the conducted research. The effectiveness of image recognition are presented by classifying abilities as well as low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), for which the best results are achieved with typology of network type Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). The selected networks type MLP are characterized by the highest degree of classification at 0.99 and RMSE at 0.11 at most at the same time.
Krzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; Krzysztof Koszela; Jacek Przybył; Magdalena Rudzinska; Łukasza Gierz; Ewa Domian. Neural Image Analysis and Electron Microscopy to Detect and Describe Selected Quality Factors of Fruit and Vegetable Spray-Dried Powders. Case Study: Chokeberry Powder. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleKrzysztof Przybył, Jolanta Gawałek, Krzysztof Koszela, Jacek Przybył, Magdalena Rudzinska, Łukasza Gierz, Ewa Domian. Neural Image Analysis and Electron Microscopy to Detect and Describe Selected Quality Factors of Fruit and Vegetable Spray-Dried Powders. Case Study: Chokeberry Powder. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; Krzysztof Koszela; Jacek Przybył; Magdalena Rudzinska; Łukasza Gierz; Ewa Domian. 2019. "Neural Image Analysis and Electron Microscopy to Detect and Describe Selected Quality Factors of Fruit and Vegetable Spray-Dried Powders. Case Study: Chokeberry Powder." , no. : 1.
Numerical analysis of parts of the installation for transporting the mixture. The mixture consists of sand, stones and water. The analysis concerns the possibility of reducing the flow velocity of the mixture in the installation by means of installing the blades. The article presents an analysis of 10 blades that have been simulated. Speed distributions are presented after passing through the blades and determined which slows the speed of the mixture to the best possible extent.
Łukasz Semkło; Łukasz Gierz. Analysis of flow through channel with mounted blades. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 240, 03012 .
AMA StyleŁukasz Semkło, Łukasz Gierz. Analysis of flow through channel with mounted blades. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 240 ():03012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleŁukasz Semkło; Łukasz Gierz. 2018. "Analysis of flow through channel with mounted blades." MATEC Web of Conferences 240, no. : 03012.
The increasing trend of consumer awareness regarding balanced nutrition, methods of food preparation and processing as well as an increased attention to quality of products by customers have resulted in the phenomena of searching for new methods of improving the quality of product and automatization of technological processes. The research was based on image recognition of qualitative classes of powders obtained by the use of the process called industrial spray-drying. Structures of spray dried strawberry juice were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and a digital camera. To this end, Gray-Level Co-occurrence (GLCM) and Laws texture analysis were used. The final outcome obtained as a result of the above tests demonstrated that the analysis of quality properties of texture made it possible to effectively distinguish research material consisting of various spray-dried powders of strawberry juice. The analysis of Artificial Neural Networks showed that there are adequate models in terms of the lowest error value RMS (Root Mean Square) and effectiveness classifying wrong structure of particles in assessment of the qualitative strawberry powders. The analysis of key components demonstrated that texture parameters correlate well with color feature in the technique called computer image analysis. More strongly correlated variables were presented in GLCM texture parameters in scanning electron microscopy. A vital correlation depended on recognition of microstructure of particles with regard to shape such as Ferret factor, roundness factor or circularity factor in electron microscopy. These results confirm that recognition of qualitative classes of powders can constitute the basis for quick evaluation of the quality of fruit powders in industrial spray drying.
Krzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; K. Koszela; Jolanta Wawrzyniak; Łukasz Gierz. Artificial neural networks and electron microscopy to evaluate the quality of fruit and vegetable spray-dried powders. Case study: Strawberry powder. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2018, 155, 314 -323.
AMA StyleKrzysztof Przybył, Jolanta Gawałek, K. Koszela, Jolanta Wawrzyniak, Łukasz Gierz. Artificial neural networks and electron microscopy to evaluate the quality of fruit and vegetable spray-dried powders. Case study: Strawberry powder. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2018; 155 ():314-323.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; K. Koszela; Jolanta Wawrzyniak; Łukasz Gierz. 2018. "Artificial neural networks and electron microscopy to evaluate the quality of fruit and vegetable spray-dried powders. Case study: Strawberry powder." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 155, no. : 314-323.
The article discusses the use of piezoelectric sensors to control the movement of grain in agricultural seed machines. The piezoelectric sensor model and laboratory stand has been used for this study. Next the grading accuracy tests were carried at this stand for two seed species of the selected speed and for two sowing standards. Also selected suitable materials for optimum durability of the sensor. Grain counts are made using the ME-RedLab PMD-1208LS measuring module connected via USB to a PC. This module has a 16-bit counter used to count beans. A special computer program was used to support this module, using features included in the Red Lab software.
Jan Szymenderski; Łukasz Gierz; Dawid Wojcieszak; Krzysztof Koszela. Testing of electrical signals from piezoelectric sensors in application for counting grains in seeding machine. 19th International Conference Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering 2018, 1 -4.
AMA StyleJan Szymenderski, Łukasz Gierz, Dawid Wojcieszak, Krzysztof Koszela. Testing of electrical signals from piezoelectric sensors in application for counting grains in seeding machine. 19th International Conference Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering. 2018; ():1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJan Szymenderski; Łukasz Gierz; Dawid Wojcieszak; Krzysztof Koszela. 2018. "Testing of electrical signals from piezoelectric sensors in application for counting grains in seeding machine." 19th International Conference Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering , no. : 1-4.
In recent years, requirements on potato tuber quality and minimization of chemical protection measures have steadily increased. Increasingly, the precautionary measures in the protection of potato during its vegetation, using the dressing of seed material, are increasingly taking place. Growing awareness of potato producers and increasingly restrictive plant protection standards force the use of new technologies. The quality of the process of applying chemicals to the surface of tubers of seed potato material affects the subsequent quantity and quality of the crop. The aim of the study was to validate the method of evaluating the quality of seed dressing coverage in the process of spraying tubers with a chemical based on computer image analysis.
Adam Fojud; Piotr Boniecki; Szymon Gierz; Krzysztof Koszela; Jolanta Gawałek; Łukasz Gierz. Validation of a photogrammetric method for evaluating seed potato cover by a chemical agent. Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018) 2018, 10806, 108064P .
AMA StyleAdam Fojud, Piotr Boniecki, Szymon Gierz, Krzysztof Koszela, Jolanta Gawałek, Łukasz Gierz. Validation of a photogrammetric method for evaluating seed potato cover by a chemical agent. Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018). 2018; 10806 ():108064P.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdam Fojud; Piotr Boniecki; Szymon Gierz; Krzysztof Koszela; Jolanta Gawałek; Łukasz Gierz. 2018. "Validation of a photogrammetric method for evaluating seed potato cover by a chemical agent." Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018) 10806, no. : 108064P.
This thesis presents the process of designing and manufacturing an unmanned aerial vehicle in purpose of collecting research materials in the form of photos from air. Priority of the project was to analyze the available materials and manufacture a low-weight construction, using appropriate electronic components, so that the flight time on a single battery charge was as long as possible. An important aspect was also the reduction of manual operating - automatic flight by use of marked geographical coordinates and automatic shutter-release of camera in very specific points. All of these has been analyzed to verify the assumptions.
Maciej Zaborowicz; Krzysztof Koszela; Mateusz Łukomski; Piotr Boniecki; Krzysztof Przybył; Łukasz Gierz. Design of an effective platform for unmanned aerial vehicles to collect research material in the form of aerial photographs. Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018) 2018, 10806, 1080662 .
AMA StyleMaciej Zaborowicz, Krzysztof Koszela, Mateusz Łukomski, Piotr Boniecki, Krzysztof Przybył, Łukasz Gierz. Design of an effective platform for unmanned aerial vehicles to collect research material in the form of aerial photographs. Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018). 2018; 10806 ():1080662.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaciej Zaborowicz; Krzysztof Koszela; Mateusz Łukomski; Piotr Boniecki; Krzysztof Przybył; Łukasz Gierz. 2018. "Design of an effective platform for unmanned aerial vehicles to collect research material in the form of aerial photographs." Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018) 10806, no. : 1080662.
Self-Organizing Feature Map (SOFM), has been used for the qualitative identification of strawberry juice powders. The research was based on image recognition using powders obtained through an industrial spray-drying process. Results demonstrated that the color features were able to effectively distinguish the research material consisting of spray-dried powders of strawberry juice. The adequate model in terms of the lowest error value RMS (Root Mean Square) contained 46 neurons in the input layer and neurons in the output layer. The model is an effective tool for classifying wrong color changes in strawberry powders.
Maciej Zaborowicz; Krzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; Łukasz Gierz; Mateusz Łukomski; Piotr Boniecki. Recognition of color changes in strawberry juice powders using self-organizing feature map. Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018) 2018, 10806, 1080621 .
AMA StyleMaciej Zaborowicz, Krzysztof Przybył, Jolanta Gawałek, Łukasz Gierz, Mateusz Łukomski, Piotr Boniecki. Recognition of color changes in strawberry juice powders using self-organizing feature map. Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018). 2018; 10806 ():1080621.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaciej Zaborowicz; Krzysztof Przybył; Jolanta Gawałek; Łukasz Gierz; Mateusz Łukomski; Piotr Boniecki. 2018. "Recognition of color changes in strawberry juice powders using self-organizing feature map." Tenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2018) 10806, no. : 1080621.