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Recommendation from family and friends is considered to be the most credible source in the travel decision-making process. Since studies on destination loyalty focus on this variable, this study investigated tourists’ motivations, perceived attributes of the city and satisfaction obtained from the visit by comparing the following two groups: those who indicated that they obtained travel information from relatives/friends ( n = 120) and those who obtained information from other sources ( n = 186). The research methodology consists of a quantitative approach based on a self-administered survey applied to travellers who visited Braga (a medium sized city located in the Northwest of Portugal), during 2017. The results indicated that there were some significant differences between the two groups with respect to demographic characteristics, tourists’ motivations and perceived attributes of the city. However, the groups did not differ in their global image of the destination and intention to recommend it to relatives and friends.
Paula Remoaldo; Laurentina Vareiro; José Cadima Ribeiro; Jéssica De Abreu; Ana Bettencourt. Satisfaction with Braga (Portugal) and recommendation: A comparison between information coming from relatives/friends and from other sources. Tourism and Hospitality Research 2019, 20, 345 -357.
AMA StylePaula Remoaldo, Laurentina Vareiro, José Cadima Ribeiro, Jéssica De Abreu, Ana Bettencourt. Satisfaction with Braga (Portugal) and recommendation: A comparison between information coming from relatives/friends and from other sources. Tourism and Hospitality Research. 2019; 20 (3):345-357.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaula Remoaldo; Laurentina Vareiro; José Cadima Ribeiro; Jéssica De Abreu; Ana Bettencourt. 2019. "Satisfaction with Braga (Portugal) and recommendation: A comparison between information coming from relatives/friends and from other sources." Tourism and Hospitality Research 20, no. 3: 345-357.
The inclusion of faunal remains in funerary practices is widely documented in Iberian Prehistory. For late Prehistory (Neolithic to Bronze Age), there is relatively more data than in earlier periods, with limb segments being very common while complete animals are rarer. In Bronze Age contexts from South‐Western Iberia, a high percentage of human burials in subterranean chambers (hypogea) are associated with limb bones of cattle (Bos taurus) and sheep/goats (Ovis/Capra), along with other grave goods. Traditionally, this practice is interpreted as the result of rituals of commensality. In this paper, we present a different perspective. Besides commensality, we show that the inclusion of the same species and the same anatomical parts is a highly standardised behaviour. Beyond the tight connection between humans and animals, this pattern also points to a strong symbolism of these domestic species and to symbolic meaning of the anatomical parts themselves.
Cláudia Costa; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Marta Senra. The symbolic meaning of cattle and sheep/goat in the Bronze Age: Faunal inclusions in funerary contexts of South‐Western Iberia. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleCláudia Costa, Ana M.S. Bettencourt, Marta Senra. The symbolic meaning of cattle and sheep/goat in the Bronze Age: Faunal inclusions in funerary contexts of South‐Western Iberia. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCláudia Costa; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Marta Senra. 2019. "The symbolic meaning of cattle and sheep/goat in the Bronze Age: Faunal inclusions in funerary contexts of South‐Western Iberia." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology , no. : 1.
Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here, we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from northern Portugal and southern Spain dated around 4000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal sub-Saharan mitogenome of most probably West or West-Central African origin, to our knowledge never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but an admixture event recognizable at the population level. We interpret this result as evidence of an early migration process from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula through a western route, possibly across the Strait of Gibraltar.
G. González-Fortes; F. Tassi; E. Trucchi; K. Henneberger; J. L. A. Paijmans; David Díez; Hannes Schroeder; R. R. Susca; C. Barroso-Ruíz; F. J. Bermudez; C. Barroso-Medina; A. M. S. Bettencourt; Hugo Sampaio; Aurora Grandal-D'Anglade; A. Salas; A. De Lombera-Hermida; R. Fabregas Valcarce; Manuel Vaquero; S. Alonso; M. Lozano; X. P. Rodríguez-Alvarez; Xose Pedro Rodriguez; A. Manica; M. Hofreiter; G. Barbujani. A western route of prehistoric human migration from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 2019, 286, 20182288 .
AMA StyleG. González-Fortes, F. Tassi, E. Trucchi, K. Henneberger, J. L. A. Paijmans, David Díez, Hannes Schroeder, R. R. Susca, C. Barroso-Ruíz, F. J. Bermudez, C. Barroso-Medina, A. M. S. Bettencourt, Hugo Sampaio, Aurora Grandal-D'Anglade, A. Salas, A. De Lombera-Hermida, R. Fabregas Valcarce, Manuel Vaquero, S. Alonso, M. Lozano, X. P. Rodríguez-Alvarez, Xose Pedro Rodriguez, A. Manica, M. Hofreiter, G. Barbujani. A western route of prehistoric human migration from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 2019; 286 (1895):20182288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleG. González-Fortes; F. Tassi; E. Trucchi; K. Henneberger; J. L. A. Paijmans; David Díez; Hannes Schroeder; R. R. Susca; C. Barroso-Ruíz; F. J. Bermudez; C. Barroso-Medina; A. M. S. Bettencourt; Hugo Sampaio; Aurora Grandal-D'Anglade; A. Salas; A. De Lombera-Hermida; R. Fabregas Valcarce; Manuel Vaquero; S. Alonso; M. Lozano; X. P. Rodríguez-Alvarez; Xose Pedro Rodriguez; A. Manica; M. Hofreiter; G. Barbujani. 2019. "A western route of prehistoric human migration from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1895: 20182288.
From the end of the 3rd millennium and the beginning of the 2nd millennium BCE, new motifs appear in Northwest Portugal. This corresponds to what one of the authors has called Figurative Art. The engravings of human feet—barefoot or with shoes—fall within this new “style”. This motif is not well known in Northern Portugal, although it has recently been the subject of a synthesis study on the Atlantic façade of this region. Starting from an inventory work, contextualising the several scales of analysis and the theoretical posture that knowledge is simultaneously cumulative and interpretative, this text reveals the shoeprints existing in Northwest Portugal and the interpretations that have been made about them. Currently there are 81 shoeprints in the region, distributed on 18 outcrops, in 17 different sites. This study has made it possible to create two typological subgroups, namely shoeprints with simple soles and with sole and heel. Within each group it was possible to perceive the existence of places with only one or few shoeprints, versus places with many shoeprints and that there are shoeprints of different dimensions and different orientations. The analysis of this data has made it possible to hypothesise that the engraving of these motifs may have arisen at the end of the Chalcolithic, beginning of the Bronze Age, reaching its peak during the latter period and ending at the beginning of the Iron Age. It is also hypothesised that they represent different age groups and that they may relate to pilgrimages or trips that formed part of rites of passage to adulthood, probably of individuals of higher status within a hierarchised society and which occurred at certain times of year, especially during the summer.
José Moreira; Ana M. S. Bettencourt. Depictions of Shoeprints in Northwest Portugal. Heritage 2018, 2, 39 -55.
AMA StyleJosé Moreira, Ana M. S. Bettencourt. Depictions of Shoeprints in Northwest Portugal. Heritage. 2018; 2 (1):39-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Moreira; Ana M. S. Bettencourt. 2018. "Depictions of Shoeprints in Northwest Portugal." Heritage 2, no. 1: 39-55.
El yacimiento de la Edad del Hierro de Crastoeiro (Mondim de Basto, Vila Real, Norte de Portugal) reveló un interesante conjunto de fosas excavadas en la roca. De su interior se recogieron muestras de sedimento y se realizó un estudio carpológico con el objetivo de obtener información sobre la diversidad de cultivos y prácticas agrícolas y de caracterizar las estructuras de almacenamiento. Los resultados del estudio de 19 muestras procedentes de 4 fosas son relevantes para la comprensión de la agricultura y las prácticas de almacenaje en el Crastoeiro. La espelta (Triticum spelta) fue el cultivo predominante en el interior de las fosas estudiadas. La presencia de espiguillas sugiere que el grano se almacenó parcialmente procesado, o bien se trató de una estrategia que permitía un almacenaje a largo plazo. Se han encontrado otros cereales, entre ellos, el mijo (Panicum miliaceum), la cebada vestida (Hordeum vulgare), el centeno (Secale cereale) y el panizo (Setaria italica). Fechas de radiocarbono a partir de granos de centeno mostraron que éstos son los más antiguos de la Península Ibérica, lo que sugiere que el centeno se introdujo en la región hacia el final de la Edad del Hierro, en el marco de los primeros contactos con los romanos. Desde una perspectiva regional los resultados obtenidos en el yacimiento de Crastoeiro se corresponden con el uso de cultivos poco exigentes, bien adaptados a entornos adversos, incluyendo los climas fríos y suelos pobres.
Luís Seabra; João Tereso; Ana M. S. Bettencourt; António Dinis. Diversidad de cultivos y estructuras de almacenaje en el poblado de Crastoeiro (Noroeste de la Península Ibérica): nuevos enfoques. Trabajos de Prehistoria 2018, 75, 361 -378.
AMA StyleLuís Seabra, João Tereso, Ana M. S. Bettencourt, António Dinis. Diversidad de cultivos y estructuras de almacenaje en el poblado de Crastoeiro (Noroeste de la Península Ibérica): nuevos enfoques. Trabajos de Prehistoria. 2018; 75 (2):361-378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuís Seabra; João Tereso; Ana M. S. Bettencourt; António Dinis. 2018. "Diversidad de cultivos y estructuras de almacenaje en el poblado de Crastoeiro (Noroeste de la Península Ibérica): nuevos enfoques." Trabajos de Prehistoria 75, no. 2: 361-378.
A Rota de Arte Rupestre do Noroeste é um projeto que pretende explorar as potencialidades da arte rupestre do NW de Portugal enquanto recurso passível de desenvolvimento de uma prática turística sustentável.O NW português é uma área rica em arte rupestre de ar livre de cronologia pós-paleolítica, em especial do estilo designado de Arte Atlântica, específico da área. Além do seu inegável valor científico, o caráter estratégico deste recurso patrimonial deveria integrar programas de desenvolvimento e de organização do território.Para que tal se concretize há que colmatar carências ao nível da investigação, tais como a compilação e sistematização dos dados que promovam o avanço do conhecimento científico e, simultaneamente, propiciem discursos atrativos para o público em geral.O projeto tenciona aprofundar a investigação da arte rupestre segundo perspetivas arqueológicas e antropológicas, contribuir para salvaguardar este património arqueológico e promover a sua valorização na fachada ocidental no NW de Portugal, por forma a que se possa criar o produto turístico sustentável “Rota de Arte Rupestre do Noroeste”. Visa, ainda, rentabilizar o património “intangível” ligado a estes recursos, os recursos humanos das parcerias envolvidas no projeto – e incrementar o desenvolvimento sustentável do território abordado.Serão divulgadas as ações já materializadas e/ou em vias de materialização, bem como os resultados atingidos para diferentes áreas do NW.
Ana Bettencourt; Hugo Aluai Sampaio; Daniela Cardoso; Sofia Sá; Alda Rodrigues. ROTA DE ARTE RUPESTRE DO NOROESTE PORTUGUÊS. UM PROJETO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA PRÁTICA TURÍSTICA SUSTENTÁVEL. HOLOS 2017, 1, 3 -20.
AMA StyleAna Bettencourt, Hugo Aluai Sampaio, Daniela Cardoso, Sofia Sá, Alda Rodrigues. ROTA DE ARTE RUPESTRE DO NOROESTE PORTUGUÊS. UM PROJETO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA PRÁTICA TURÍSTICA SUSTENTÁVEL. HOLOS. 2017; 1 ():3-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Bettencourt; Hugo Aluai Sampaio; Daniela Cardoso; Sofia Sá; Alda Rodrigues. 2017. "ROTA DE ARTE RUPESTRE DO NOROESTE PORTUGUÊS. UM PROJETO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA PRÁTICA TURÍSTICA SUSTENTÁVEL." HOLOS 1, no. : 3-20.
María Martín-Seijo; João Pedro Tereso; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Hugo A. Sampaio; Emilio Abad Vidal; Lorena Vidal Caeiro. Socio-ecology of Early and Middle Bronze Age communities in the northwest Atlantic region of Iberia: Wood resources procurement and forest management. Quaternary International 2017, 437, 90 -101.
AMA StyleMaría Martín-Seijo, João Pedro Tereso, Ana M.S. Bettencourt, Hugo A. Sampaio, Emilio Abad Vidal, Lorena Vidal Caeiro. Socio-ecology of Early and Middle Bronze Age communities in the northwest Atlantic region of Iberia: Wood resources procurement and forest management. Quaternary International. 2017; 437 ():90-101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Martín-Seijo; João Pedro Tereso; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Hugo A. Sampaio; Emilio Abad Vidal; Lorena Vidal Caeiro. 2017. "Socio-ecology of Early and Middle Bronze Age communities in the northwest Atlantic region of Iberia: Wood resources procurement and forest management." Quaternary International 437, no. : 90-101.
We have determined the composition of rock art pigments from two megalithic barrows located in the north of Portugal. The use of XRD, SEM–EDS and FT–IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of hematite and kaolinite in the red pigments from the Eireira barrow, and kaolinite in the white pigment from the Leira das Mamas barrow. The organic composition of the pigments was studied by GC–MS, suggesting that the red sinuous lines and dots from the Eireira barrow were prepared with cooked or heated algae and/or aquatic plants, with egg as binder, while the white pigment from the Leira das Mamas barrow revealed a mixture of vegetable oils for kaolinite moulding, which could be stabilized by temporary exposure to high temperatures. The multi-analytical approach used on this study of megalithic pigments allowed the recovery of important data about north-western prehistoric communities, namely the way in which they exploited existing resources and their ability to transform them.
César Oliveira; A. M. S. Bettencourt; A. Araújo; L. Gonçalves; I. Kuźniarska‐Biernacka; A. L. Costa. Integrated Analytical Techniques for the Study of Colouring Materials from Two Megalithic Barrows. Archaeometry 2017, 59, 1065 -1081.
AMA StyleCésar Oliveira, A. M. S. Bettencourt, A. Araújo, L. Gonçalves, I. Kuźniarska‐Biernacka, A. L. Costa. Integrated Analytical Techniques for the Study of Colouring Materials from Two Megalithic Barrows. Archaeometry. 2017; 59 (6):1065-1081.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCésar Oliveira; A. M. S. Bettencourt; A. Araújo; L. Gonçalves; I. Kuźniarska‐Biernacka; A. L. Costa. 2017. "Integrated Analytical Techniques for the Study of Colouring Materials from Two Megalithic Barrows." Archaeometry 59, no. 6: 1065-1081.
Pits are the most common archaeological features in late prehistoric Europe, yet their function and formation dynamics remain obscure. This paper draws on stratigraphy, contextual observations, and a novel analytical protocol to address such topics. The article presents an interdisciplinary and comparative post-excavation procedure to evaluate some of the most abundant items found in prehistoric pits, combining a taphonomical approach to the analysis of ceramics, charcoal, and carpology. This procedure provided new insights into the use-lives of a selection of five pits from an open-air site in Galicia (NW Iberia), which was occupied intermittently during the second millennium cal. BCE. An early use as silos is posited, and their final closure entailed cultural practices and preferences whose material fingerprint has been identified via multivariate analysis.One of the radiocarbon dates of Monte das Cabanas was financed by GEPN-AAT and the other two by the Environmental Archaeology (ENVARCH) group of the CIBIO/InBio. María Martín-Seijo was funded by a Post-Doc Grant Plan I2Cmod. A with the project “Alén do bosque na Idade do Bronce do Noroeste da Ibéria. Estudo dos combustibles e das manufacturas en madeira a partir da cadea técnico-operativa”. Ana MS Bettencourt developed this work under the project Funerary and ceremonial practices between the Neolithic to the Bronze Age approached by Archaeometry (ARQUEOM Project Lab2PT Sept 2014).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
María Martín-Seijo; Antonio Blanco-González; Andrés Teira-Brión; Carlos Rodríguez Rellán; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Eduardo Rodríguez Sáiz; Beatriz Comendador Rey. Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 2017, 12, 528 -542.
AMA StyleMaría Martín-Seijo, Antonio Blanco-González, Andrés Teira-Brión, Carlos Rodríguez Rellán, Ana M.S. Bettencourt, Eduardo Rodríguez Sáiz, Beatriz Comendador Rey. Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 2017; 12 ():528-542.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Martín-Seijo; Antonio Blanco-González; Andrés Teira-Brión; Carlos Rodríguez Rellán; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Eduardo Rodríguez Sáiz; Beatriz Comendador Rey. 2017. "Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 12, no. : 528-542.
The wide and diverse array of palaeoenvironmental studies that were carried out in Northwestern Iberia indicate that the Bronze Age corresponds to a phase of great landscape changes. Strong deforestation and erosion episodes are key-features and they are usually assumed to be anthropogenic. The archaeological and archaeobotanical records demonstrate that these trends are coincident with modi!cations on settlement pattern and agricultural systems. This work consists on a thorough revision of carpological data from 19 Bronze Age sites in order to understand agricultural practices in the region in this time period. Results reveal the increasing relevance of Panicum miliaceum and decreasing presence of naked barley which contrast with the previous periods. Carpological remains are not available in Early Bronze Age sites.Middle Bronze Age crops include naked and hulled forms of barley (Hordeum spp.) and wheat (Triticum spp.). Only one site provided occasional grains of Panicum miliaceum. Non-cereal crops are rare and comprise Linum, Papaver, Pisum sativum and Vicia faba. Still, there are few Middle Bronze Age sites with crop macroremains. Late Bronze Age sites with carpological remains of crops are more abundant but no newcrop is added. This is the phase when Panicummiliaceum became a conspicuous crop in regional agricultural strategies. Overall, a small diversity of pulses is recorded throughout the Bronze Age, contrasting with other Iberian regions. Acorns (Quercus) are the onlywild fruits consistently present in the archaeological sites and they probably had some relevance within the regional subsistence. It was possible to detect changes on settlement and agricultural levels and suggest how these are related to environmental and social changes. It is argued that agricultural productivity increased and pits were the main storage facilities used by Bronze Age communities. Although these structures are abundant in several sites, caution is neededwhile interpreting themand their !lls. Only in one site – Freixo – remains of cropswere found in primary deposition in a storage pit. Increasing agricultural productivity, including functionally diverse winter and spring crops seems to have been connected to settlement diversi!cation. This trend may have led to a more complementary and profuse use of local resources, enhancing the anthropogenic changes in the landscape mentioned above. This was a further step in the territorialisation process thatwould eventually lead to the complex scenario recorded in the Iron Age.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
João Pedro Tereso; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Pablo Ramil-Rego; Andrés Teira-Brión; Inés López-Dóriga; António Lima; Rubim Almeida. Agriculture in NW Iberia during the Bronze Age: A review of archaeobotanical data. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 2016, 10, 44 -58.
AMA StyleJoão Pedro Tereso, Ana M.S. Bettencourt, Pablo Ramil-Rego, Andrés Teira-Brión, Inés López-Dóriga, António Lima, Rubim Almeida. Agriculture in NW Iberia during the Bronze Age: A review of archaeobotanical data. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 2016; 10 ():44-58.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Pedro Tereso; Ana M.S. Bettencourt; Pablo Ramil-Rego; Andrés Teira-Brión; Inés López-Dóriga; António Lima; Rubim Almeida. 2016. "Agriculture in NW Iberia during the Bronze Age: A review of archaeobotanical data." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 10, no. : 44-58.
A collection of 35 metallic artefacts comprising various typologies, some of which can be attributed to the Bronze Age and others to later periods, were studied to provide detailed information on elemental composition, manufacturing techniques and preservation state. Elemental analysis by micro-EDXRF and SEM–EDS was performed to investigate the use of different alloys and to study the presence of microstructural heterogeneities, as inclusions. X-ray radiography, optical microscopy and SEM–EDS were used to investigate manufacturing techniques and degradation features. Results showed that most of the artefacts were produced in a binary bronze alloy (Cu–Sn) with 10–15 wt% Sn and a low concentration of impurities. Other artefacts were produced in copper or in brass, the latest with varying contents of Zn, Sn and Pb. A variety of inclusions in the metal matrices were also found, some related to specific types of alloys, as (Cu–Ni)S2 in coppers, or ZnS in brasses. Microstructural observations revealed that the majority of the artefacts were subjected to cycles of thermomechanical processing after casting, being evident that among some artefacts different parts were subjected to distinct treatments. The radiographic images revealed structural heterogeneities related to local corrosion processes and fissures that seem to have developed in wear-tension zones, as in the handle of some daggers. Radiographic images were also useful to detect the use of different materials in one particular brass artefact, revealing the presence of a possible Cu–Sn solder.
Joana Loureiro; Elin Figueiredo; Rui Jorge Cordeiro Silva; M. Fatima Araujo; João Fonte; Ana Bettencourt. Metal alloys, matrix inclusions and manufacturing techniques of Moinhos de Golas collection (North Portugal): a study by micro-EDXRF, SEM–EDS, optical microscopy and X-ray radiography. Applied Physics A 2016, 122, 820 .
AMA StyleJoana Loureiro, Elin Figueiredo, Rui Jorge Cordeiro Silva, M. Fatima Araujo, João Fonte, Ana Bettencourt. Metal alloys, matrix inclusions and manufacturing techniques of Moinhos de Golas collection (North Portugal): a study by micro-EDXRF, SEM–EDS, optical microscopy and X-ray radiography. Applied Physics A. 2016; 122 (9):820.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoana Loureiro; Elin Figueiredo; Rui Jorge Cordeiro Silva; M. Fatima Araujo; João Fonte; Ana Bettencourt. 2016. "Metal alloys, matrix inclusions and manufacturing techniques of Moinhos de Golas collection (North Portugal): a study by micro-EDXRF, SEM–EDS, optical microscopy and X-ray radiography." Applied Physics A 122, no. 9: 820.
A primeira compilação de arte rupestre de ar livre realizada para a bacia do Ave, no NO de Portugal, permitiu inventariar um certo número de gravuras que se inserem genericamente na denominada arte de tradição esquemática. O trabalho realizado, a diferentes escalas de análise, possibilitou dar especial atenção à localização espacial e ao contexto físico de implantação deste tipo de manifestações rupestres; a estudos sobre a morfologia dos afloramentos gravados; à sua iconografia e a eventuais fases de gravação. Foi colocada a hipótese da existência de duas fases distintas dentro deste tipo de gravuras. Uma primeira, com motivos abstratos, foi considerada Neolítica e a segunda, com antropomorfos com toucados e portadores de mãos grandes, do Calcolítico, perdurando pela Idade do Bronze. Verificou-se, ainda, a frequência destes lugares na longa diacronia através de adições de podomorfos e paletas, genericamente considerados do 1º milénio a.C. Os responsáveis pela arte esquemática foram consideradas grupos portadores de uma cosmogonia animista.
Daniela Cardoso; Ana Bettencourt. Arte “Esquemática” de ar livre na bacia do Ave (Portugal, NO Ibérico): espacialidade, contexto, iconografia e cronologia. Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies 2015, 32 -47.
AMA StyleDaniela Cardoso, Ana Bettencourt. Arte “Esquemática” de ar livre na bacia do Ave (Portugal, NO Ibérico): espacialidade, contexto, iconografia e cronologia. Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies. 2015; (13):32-47.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Cardoso; Ana Bettencourt. 2015. "Arte “Esquemática” de ar livre na bacia do Ave (Portugal, NO Ibérico): espacialidade, contexto, iconografia e cronologia." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies , no. 13: 32-47.
The site of Frijão in North-western Iberia was occupied during a period between the 4th and 2nd centuries BC and it is a very unique site in the context of the local Iron Age network. Its features suggest that it was a place to celebrate ceremonies related to feasting, in the same context 71 fragments of a riveted cauldron, seeds and fruits, burned bone, pottery and carbonised wooden manufactured pieces were found. These woodcrafts included a handle made of hazel wood (Corylus avellana), two fragments of one or more vessels of Rosaceae/Maloideae and four fragments of indeterminate objects made of oak (Quercus sp. deciduous) and alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus) wood. Other recoveries included fragments of oak charcoal interpreted as the charred remnants of a building made of perishable materials. The study of the archaeobotanical assemblages of Frijão highlighted the difficulties of interpreting the results of carbonised wood samples from fire-events – i.e. to distinguish between firewood and wooden manufactures – and the importance of registering dendrological and taphonomical data to go beyond taxonomical identification.María Martín-Seijo was funded by a Post-Doc Grant Plan I2C mod. A with the project “Alén do bosque na Idade do Bronce do Noroeste da Ibéria. Estudo dos combustibles e das manufacturas en madeira a partir da cadea técnico-operativa”. The charcoal analysis was carried out in the Environmental Archaeology Laboratory of the InBio-Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology (Associated Laboratory)/ CIBIO-Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources/University of Porto. This investigation made part of the ENARDAS Project—Natural spaces, architectures, rock art and depositions from the Late Prehistory of the Western front of Central and Northern Portugal: from actions to meanings (reference PTDC/HIS-ARQ/112983/2009).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
María Martín Seijo; Vítor M. F. Silva; Ana Bettencourt. Carbonised wooden objects and wood charcoal from an Iron Age feasting context in North-western Iberia: The case study of Frijão (Braga, Portugal). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 2015, 2, 538 -550.
AMA StyleMaría Martín Seijo, Vítor M. F. Silva, Ana Bettencourt. Carbonised wooden objects and wood charcoal from an Iron Age feasting context in North-western Iberia: The case study of Frijão (Braga, Portugal). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 2015; 2 ():538-550.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría Martín Seijo; Vítor M. F. Silva; Ana Bettencourt. 2015. "Carbonised wooden objects and wood charcoal from an Iron Age feasting context in North-western Iberia: The case study of Frijão (Braga, Portugal)." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 2, no. : 538-550.
O presente trabalho apresenta os primeiros resultados de um estudo arqueometalúrgico detalhado, ainda em curso, efetuado sobre um conjunto de achados metálicos encontrado no sítio de Moinhos de Golas, freguesia de Solveira, concelho de Montalegre. Este, genericamente, atribuído à Proto-história foi já objeto de uma primeira publicação (FONTE et al. 2013).A coleção é composta por 35 objetos, entre os quais se encontram armas, artefactos de adorno e utensílios, entre outros de difícil classificação funcional.Foram efetuadas radiografias por raios X, análises elementares por micro-EDXRF e observações microestruturais por microscopia ótica na maioria dos artefactos. As imagens radiográficas revelaram algumas heterogeneidades estruturais nalgumas peças e as análises elementares demonstraram que a maioria dos artefactos foi produzida numa liga de bronze binária (Cu-Sn), sendo, no entanto, de destacar o uso de outros metais e ligas, como, por exemplo, cobre e latão. Foram, ainda, observadas microestruturas associadas a diferentes processos de manufatura que poderão envolver ciclos de martelagem e recozimento, com ou sem operações de acabamento.
Joana Loureiro; Elin Figueiredo; Rui Jorge Cordeiro Silva; M. Fátima Araújo; João Fonte; Ana Bettencourt. Estudo arqueometalúrgico do conjunto metálico do sítio arqueológico de Moinhos de Golas (Montalegre, Norte de Portugal): primeiros resultados. Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies 2014, 59 -66.
AMA StyleJoana Loureiro, Elin Figueiredo, Rui Jorge Cordeiro Silva, M. Fátima Araújo, João Fonte, Ana Bettencourt. Estudo arqueometalúrgico do conjunto metálico do sítio arqueológico de Moinhos de Golas (Montalegre, Norte de Portugal): primeiros resultados. Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies. 2014; (11):59-66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoana Loureiro; Elin Figueiredo; Rui Jorge Cordeiro Silva; M. Fátima Araújo; João Fonte; Ana Bettencourt. 2014. "Estudo arqueometalúrgico do conjunto metálico do sítio arqueológico de Moinhos de Golas (Montalegre, Norte de Portugal): primeiros resultados." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies , no. 11: 59-66.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo dar a conhecer um conjunto de achados metálicos do Bronze Final, em associação com fragmentos cerâmicos e líticos, encontrados no sítio de Moinhos de Golas, freguesia de Solveira, concelho de Montalegre. A coleção metálica é composta por armas, artefactos de adorno, utensílios, possíveis elementos de produção metalúrgica, entre outros objetos de difícil classificação. As análises de composição química, embora preliminares, mostram que foram produzidos numa liga de bronze binário (Cu-Sn). Pelo facto de terem sido encontradas dispersas por vários lugares do outeiro, este grupo de peças não pode considerar-se um depósito fechado.
João Fonte; Ana Bettencourt; Elin Figueiredo. Deposições metálicas do Bronze Final no vale do Assureira. O caso do sítio de Moinhos de Golas (Solveira, Montalegre, Norte de Portugal). Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies 2013, 23 -32.
AMA StyleJoão Fonte, Ana Bettencourt, Elin Figueiredo. Deposições metálicas do Bronze Final no vale do Assureira. O caso do sítio de Moinhos de Golas (Solveira, Montalegre, Norte de Portugal). Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies. 2013; (9):23-32.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Fonte; Ana Bettencourt; Elin Figueiredo. 2013. "Deposições metálicas do Bronze Final no vale do Assureira. O caso do sítio de Moinhos de Golas (Solveira, Montalegre, Norte de Portugal)." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies , no. 9: 23-32.
Hugo A. Sampaio; Tarcísio D. P. Maciel; Ana M. S. Bettencourt; Pedro M. M. P. Simões. The Dolmen of Carreiro da Quinta, Laje, Vila Verde, NW of Portugal: results from an emergency excavation. Conimbriga: Revista de Arqueologia 2013, 52, 37 -65.
AMA StyleHugo A. Sampaio, Tarcísio D. P. Maciel, Ana M. S. Bettencourt, Pedro M. M. P. Simões. The Dolmen of Carreiro da Quinta, Laje, Vila Verde, NW of Portugal: results from an emergency excavation. Conimbriga: Revista de Arqueologia. 2013; 52 ():37-65.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHugo A. Sampaio; Tarcísio D. P. Maciel; Ana M. S. Bettencourt; Pedro M. M. P. Simões. 2013. "The Dolmen of Carreiro da Quinta, Laje, Vila Verde, NW of Portugal: results from an emergency excavation." Conimbriga: Revista de Arqueologia 52, no. : 37-65.
Este texto tem como objetivo dar a conhecer o depósito de um machado de tipo Bujões / Barcelos encontradono lugar da Bandeira, Viana do Castelo, no seu micro-contexto de achado; as suas característicastécnicas e morfológicas genéricas e a sua inter-relação espacial com os restantes depósitos deste períodono curso inferior do rio Lima.Apesar de ter sido realizado apenas um estudo macroscópico, o que inviabiliza considerações precisas sobreprocessos arqueometalúrgicos, a sua localização, num terraço nas proximidades da ribeira de Fornelos // São Vicente, em área profundamente irrigada de um patamar inferior da Serra de Santa Luzia, permiteconsiderar que se vincularia com um lugar liminar entre a serra e as águas, mas também, com um lugarde passagem entre estes dois meios.No âmbito do curso inferior do rio Lima, os raros machados deste tipo atribuíveis ao Bronze Médio foramdepositados em contextos diversificados se analisados à micro-escala. Estes associam-se a afloramentos, amina ou a um terraço fluvial (?). No entanto, a uma média escala de análise, associam-se preferencialmentea locais impressivos e liminares entre a terra e as águas, a lugares de passagem e a espaços onde existiriaestanho de aluvião, segundo análises sedimentológicas realizadas em diversos pontos do rio Lima. Taiscaraterísticas abre-nos perspetivas interpretativas sobre o valor social e religioso destes artefactos, sobreas ações que culminaram na sua deposição e sobre os lugares escolhidos para as deposições.
João Oliveira Fernandes; Ana Bettencourt; Beatriz Comendador Rey; M. Isabel Caetano Alves. O depósito metálico da bandeira , Viana do Castelo (Norte de Portugal ) no contexto dos depósitos do Bronze Médio do curso inferior da bacia do Lima. Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies 2011, 33 -39.
AMA StyleJoão Oliveira Fernandes, Ana Bettencourt, Beatriz Comendador Rey, M. Isabel Caetano Alves. O depósito metálico da bandeira , Viana do Castelo (Norte de Portugal ) no contexto dos depósitos do Bronze Médio do curso inferior da bacia do Lima. Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies. 2011; (7):33-39.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoão Oliveira Fernandes; Ana Bettencourt; Beatriz Comendador Rey; M. Isabel Caetano Alves. 2011. "O depósito metálico da bandeira , Viana do Castelo (Norte de Portugal ) no contexto dos depósitos do Bronze Médio do curso inferior da bacia do Lima." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies , no. 7: 33-39.
A propósito del estudio de un resto de fundición de bronce procedente del lugar de Bouça da Cova daMoura (Ardegães, Maia), a incluir en el conjunto de bronces de mayor antigüedad del noroeste peninsular,efectuaremos una revisión sobre la caracterización de las primeras aleaciones de bronce de esta región,con base en la interpretación de los resultados arqueometalúrgicos obtenidos en los últimos años. A estepropósito se referirán los nuevos resultados de las aplicaciones de la Fuente de Radiación Sincrotrónica(Synchrotron Radiation Source – SRS) y de la Fuente de Dispersión de Neutrones (Neutron SpallationSource – ISIS), así como su importancia en la elaboración de nuevas hipótesis sobre la primera metalurgiadel bronce del noroeste peninsular. This text presents an overview of the characterization of the first bronze alloys in the Northwest of theIberian Peninsula, from a study of a bronze droplet from Bouca Cova da Moura (Ardegão, Maia, Northof Portugal). This was based on the interpretation of archaeometallurgical results obtained in recentyears. The study references new results from the application of Synchrotron Radiation Source (SRS) andSource Neutron Scattering (Spallation Neutron Source – ISIS) as well as its importance in developingnew hypotheses about the first bronze metallurgy of the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula.
Beatriz Comendador Rey; Ana Bettencourt. Nuevos datos sobre la primera metalurgia del Bronce en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica: la contribución de Bouça da Cova da Moura (Ardegães , Maia, Portugal). Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies 2011, 19 -31.
AMA StyleBeatriz Comendador Rey, Ana Bettencourt. Nuevos datos sobre la primera metalurgia del Bronce en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica: la contribución de Bouça da Cova da Moura (Ardegães , Maia, Portugal). Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies. 2011; (7):19-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeatriz Comendador Rey; Ana Bettencourt. 2011. "Nuevos datos sobre la primera metalurgia del Bronce en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica: la contribución de Bouça da Cova da Moura (Ardegães , Maia, Portugal)." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies , no. 7: 19-31.
Ana M. S. Bettencourt. La Edad del Bronce en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica: un análisis a partir de las prácticas funerarias. Trabajos de Prehistoria 2010, 67, 139 -173.
AMA StyleAna M. S. Bettencourt. La Edad del Bronce en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica: un análisis a partir de las prácticas funerarias. Trabajos de Prehistoria. 2010; 67 (1):139-173.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna M. S. Bettencourt. 2010. "La Edad del Bronce en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica: un análisis a partir de las prácticas funerarias." Trabajos de Prehistoria 67, no. 1: 139-173.
Plant communities and their possible exploitation during Late Prehistory are studied based on charcoal data from four archaeological sites. Settlement location in the area appears to have been chosen on the basis of easy access to rivers and good arable land. Quercus (deciduous) and Fabaceae appear to have been the main source of wood; this is in agreement with previous data from north-western Portugal. The abundance of Fabaceae, which thrive in open well-lit areas, is seen as a direct consequence of woodland clearance. The co-occurrence of Quercus (deciduous) and Fabaceae appears as a distinctive feature in north-western Portugal during Late Prehistory and Protohistory. Fabaceae have remained a familiar component of the vegetation cover ever since. Pinus pinaster is present as isolated individuals, in contrast to its present-day abundance.
Isabel Figueiral; Ana Bettencourt. Middle/Late Bronze Age plant communities and their exploitation in the C�vado Basin (NW Portugal) as shown by charcoal analysis: the significance and co-occurrence of Quercus (deciduous) ? Fabaceae. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2004, 13, 219 -232.
AMA StyleIsabel Figueiral, Ana Bettencourt. Middle/Late Bronze Age plant communities and their exploitation in the C�vado Basin (NW Portugal) as shown by charcoal analysis: the significance and co-occurrence of Quercus (deciduous) ? Fabaceae. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2004; 13 (4):219-232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Figueiral; Ana Bettencourt. 2004. "Middle/Late Bronze Age plant communities and their exploitation in the C�vado Basin (NW Portugal) as shown by charcoal analysis: the significance and co-occurrence of Quercus (deciduous) ? Fabaceae." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 13, no. 4: 219-232.