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Jan-Olof Selroos
Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB), Evenemangsgatan 13, Box 3091, SE-169 03 Solna, Sweden

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Journal article
Published: 28 June 2021 in Engineering Geology
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We assess the performance of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method in fractured rock formations of very low transmissivity (e.g. T ≈ 10−9–10−10 m2/s for sub-mm apertures) and, more specifically, to image fracture widening induced by high-pressure injections. A field-scale experiment was conducted at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden) in a tunnel situated at 410 m depth. The tracer test was performed within the most transmissive sections of two boreholes separated by 4.2 m. The electrically resistive tracer solution composed of deionized water and Uranine was expected to lead to decreasing GPR reflections with respect to the saline in situ formation water. The injection pressure was 5000 kPa leading to an injection rate of 8.6 mL/min (at steady state) that was maintained during 25 h, which resulted in a total injected volume of 13 L. To evaluate the fracture pathways between the boreholes, we conducted 3-D surface-based GPR surveys before and at the end of the tracer tests, using 160 MHz and 450 MHz antennas. Difference GPR data between the two acquisitions highlight an increasing fracture reflectivity in-between the boreholes at depths corresponding to the injection interval. GPR-based modeling suggests that the observed increasing reflectivity is not due to the tracer solution, but rather to a 50% widening of the fracture. Considering prevailing uncertainties in material properties, a hydromechanical analysis suggests that such a degree of widening is feasible. This research demonstrates that field-scale in situ GPR experiments may provide constraints on fracture widening by high-pressure injection and could help to constrain field-scale elastic parameters in fractured rock.

ACS Style

Justine Molron; Niklas Linde; Philippe Davy; Ludovic Baron; Caroline Darcel; Jan-Olof Selroos; Tanguy Le Borgne; Diane Doolaeghe. GPR-inferred fracture aperture widening in response to a high-pressure tracer injection test at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden. Engineering Geology 2021, 292, 106249 .

AMA Style

Justine Molron, Niklas Linde, Philippe Davy, Ludovic Baron, Caroline Darcel, Jan-Olof Selroos, Tanguy Le Borgne, Diane Doolaeghe. GPR-inferred fracture aperture widening in response to a high-pressure tracer injection test at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden. Engineering Geology. 2021; 292 ():106249.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justine Molron; Niklas Linde; Philippe Davy; Ludovic Baron; Caroline Darcel; Jan-Olof Selroos; Tanguy Le Borgne; Diane Doolaeghe. 2021. "GPR-inferred fracture aperture widening in response to a high-pressure tracer injection test at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden." Engineering Geology 292, no. : 106249.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2020 in Engineering Geology
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Identifying fractures in the subsurface is crucial for many geomechanical and hydrogeological applications. Here, we assess the ability of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method to image open fractures with sub-mm apertures in the context of future deep disposal of radioactive waste. GPR experiments were conducted in a tunnel located 410 m below sea level within the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden) using 3-D surface-based acquisitions (3.4 m × 19 m) with 160 MHz, 450 MHz and 750 MHz antennas. The nature of 17 identified GPR reflections was analyzed by means of three new boreholes (BH1-BH3; 9–9.5 m deep). Out of 21 injection and outflow tests in packed-off 1-m sections, only five provided responses above the detection threshold with the maximum transmissivity reaching 7.0 × 10−10 m2/s. Most GPR reflections are situated in these permeable regions and their characteristics agree well with core and Optical Televiewer data. A 3-D statistical fracture model deduced from fracture traces on neighboring tunnel walls show that the GPR data mainly identify fractures with dips between 0 and 25°. Since the GPR data are mostly sensitive to open fractures, we deduce that the surface GPR method can identify 80% of open sub-horizontal fractures. We also find that the scaling of GPR fractures in the range of 1–10 m2 agrees well with the statistical model distribution indicating that fracture lengths are preserved by the GPR imaging (no measurement bias). Our results suggests that surface-GPR carries the resolution needed to identify the most permeable sub-horizontal fractures even in very low-permeability formations, thereby, suggesting that surface-GPR could play an important role in geotechnical workflows, for instance, for industrial-scale siting of waste canisters below tunnel floors in nuclear waste repositories.

ACS Style

Justine Molron; Niklas Linde; Ludovic Baron; Jan-Olof Selroos; Caroline Darcel; Philippe Davy. Which fractures are imaged with Ground Penetrating Radar? Results from an experiment in the Äspö Hardrock Laboratory, Sweden. Engineering Geology 2020, 273, 105674 .

AMA Style

Justine Molron, Niklas Linde, Ludovic Baron, Jan-Olof Selroos, Caroline Darcel, Philippe Davy. Which fractures are imaged with Ground Penetrating Radar? Results from an experiment in the Äspö Hardrock Laboratory, Sweden. Engineering Geology. 2020; 273 ():105674.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Justine Molron; Niklas Linde; Ludovic Baron; Jan-Olof Selroos; Caroline Darcel; Philippe Davy. 2020. "Which fractures are imaged with Ground Penetrating Radar? Results from an experiment in the Äspö Hardrock Laboratory, Sweden." Engineering Geology 273, no. : 105674.

Journal article
Published: 20 March 2019 in Water
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A key question for the evolution of thermokarst wetlands and lakes in Arctic and sub-Arctic permafrost regions is how large-scale warming interacts with local landscape conditions in driving permafrost thaw and its spatial variability. To answer this question, which also relates to risks for ecology, society, and health, we perform systematic model simulations of various soil-permafrost cases combined with different surface-warming trends. Results show that both the prevalence and the thaw of permafrost depended strongly on local soil conditions and varied greatly with these for the same temperature conditions at the surface. Greater ice contents and depth extents, but also greater subsurface volumes thawing at depth under warming, are found for peat soils than other studied soil/rock formations. As such, more thaw-driven regime shifts in wetland/lake ecosystems, and associated releases of previously frozen carbon and pathogens, may be expected under the same surface warming for peatlands than other soil conditions. Such risks may also increase in fast permafrost thaw in mineral soils, with only small thaw-protection effects indicated in the present simulations for possible desertification enhancement of mineral soil covers.

ACS Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Hua Cheng; Patrik Vidstrand; Georgia Destouni. Permafrost Thaw with Thermokarst Wetland-Lake and Societal-Health Risks: Dependence on Local Soil Conditions under Large-Scale Warming. Water 2019, 11, 574 .

AMA Style

Jan-Olof Selroos, Hua Cheng, Patrik Vidstrand, Georgia Destouni. Permafrost Thaw with Thermokarst Wetland-Lake and Societal-Health Risks: Dependence on Local Soil Conditions under Large-Scale Warming. Water. 2019; 11 (3):574.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Hua Cheng; Patrik Vidstrand; Georgia Destouni. 2019. "Permafrost Thaw with Thermokarst Wetland-Lake and Societal-Health Risks: Dependence on Local Soil Conditions under Large-Scale Warming." Water 11, no. 3: 574.

Preprint content
Published: 20 April 2018
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Discrete fracture network (DFN) models provide a natural analysis framework for rock conditions where flow is predominately through a series of connected discrete features. Mechanistic models to predict the structural patterns of networks are generally intractable due to inherent uncertainties (e.g. deformation history) and as such fracture characterisation typically involves empirical descriptions of fracture statistics for location, intensity, orientation, size, aperture etc. from analyses of field data. These DFN models are used to make probabilistic predictions of likely flow or solute transport conditions for a range of applications in underground resource and construction projects. However, there are many instances when the volumes in which predictions are most valuable are close to data sources. For example, in the disposal of hazardous materials such as radioactive waste, accurate predictions of flow-rates and network connectivity around disposal areas are required for long-term safety evaluation. The problem at hand is thus: how can probabilistic predictions be conditioned on local-scale measurements? This presentation demonstrates conditioning of a DFN model based on the current structural and hydraulic characterisation of the Demonstration Area at the ONKALO underground research facility. The conditioned realisations honour (to a required level of similarity) the locations, orientations and trace lengths of fractures mapped on the surfaces of the nearby ONKALO tunnels and pilot drillholes. Other data used as constraints include measurements from hydraulic injection tests performed in pilot drillholes and inflows to the subsequently reamed experimental deposition holes. Numerical simulations using this suite of conditioned DFN models provides a series of prediction-outcome exercises detailing the reliability of the DFN model to make local-scale predictions of measured geometric and hydraulic properties of the fracture system; and provides an understanding of the reduction in uncertainty in model predictions for conditioned DFN models honouring different aspects of this data.

ACS Style

Thomas Williams; Pete Appleyard; Steven Baxter; Lee Hartley; Lasse Koskinen; Raymond Munier; Jan-Olof Selroos; Outi Vanhanarkaus. The Predictive Capability of Conditioned Simulation of Discrete Fracture Networks using Structural and Hydraulic Data from the ONKALO Underground Research Facility, Finland. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Thomas Williams, Pete Appleyard, Steven Baxter, Lee Hartley, Lasse Koskinen, Raymond Munier, Jan-Olof Selroos, Outi Vanhanarkaus. The Predictive Capability of Conditioned Simulation of Discrete Fracture Networks using Structural and Hydraulic Data from the ONKALO Underground Research Facility, Finland. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Williams; Pete Appleyard; Steven Baxter; Lee Hartley; Lasse Koskinen; Raymond Munier; Jan-Olof Selroos; Outi Vanhanarkaus. 2018. "The Predictive Capability of Conditioned Simulation of Discrete Fracture Networks using Structural and Hydraulic Data from the ONKALO Underground Research Facility, Finland." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2015 in Journal of Hydrology
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SummaryThis study investigates annual water balance conditions and their spatiotemporal variability under a wide variety of atmospheric driving conditions in the periglacial permafrost catchment of Two Boat Lake in Western Greenland. The study uses and combines a comprehensive hydrological multi-parameter dataset measured at the site with site conceptualization and numerical model development, application and testing. The model result reproduces measured lake and groundwater levels, as well as observations made by time-lapse cameras. The results highlights the importance of numerical modeling that takes into account and combines evapotranspiration with other surface and subsurface hydrological processes at various depths, in order to quantitatively understand and represent the dynamics and complexity of the interactions between meteorology, active layer hydrology, lakes, and unfrozen groundwater below permafrost in periglacial catchments. Regarding these interactions, the water flow between the studied lake and a through talik within and beneath it is found to be small compared to other water balance components. The modeling results show that recharge and discharge conditions in the talik can shift in time, while the lake and active layer conditions in the studied catchment are independent of catchment-external landscape features, such as the unfrozen groundwater system below the permafrost and the nearby continental-scale ice sheet

ACS Style

Emma Johansson; Lars-Göran Gustafsson; Sten Berglund; Tobias Lindborg; Jan-Olof Selroos; Lillemor Claesson Liljedahl; Georgia Destouni. Data evaluation and numerical modeling of hydrological interactions between active layer, lake and talik in a permafrost catchment, Western Greenland. Journal of Hydrology 2015, 527, 688 -703.

AMA Style

Emma Johansson, Lars-Göran Gustafsson, Sten Berglund, Tobias Lindborg, Jan-Olof Selroos, Lillemor Claesson Liljedahl, Georgia Destouni. Data evaluation and numerical modeling of hydrological interactions between active layer, lake and talik in a permafrost catchment, Western Greenland. Journal of Hydrology. 2015; 527 ():688-703.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emma Johansson; Lars-Göran Gustafsson; Sten Berglund; Tobias Lindborg; Jan-Olof Selroos; Lillemor Claesson Liljedahl; Georgia Destouni. 2015. "Data evaluation and numerical modeling of hydrological interactions between active layer, lake and talik in a permafrost catchment, Western Greenland." Journal of Hydrology 527, no. : 688-703.

Journal article
Published: 24 March 2015 in Hydrological Processes
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This study quantifies separate and combined effects of spatial and temporal variability for waterborne solute transport through catchments. The questions addressed regard whether, when and why different types of variability may dominate catchment‐scale transport. We utilize a versatile numerical solute transport code with a particle‐based Monte Carlo time‐domain random walk method to simulate waterborne transport through a generic catchment. Simulations are concretized and exemplified using data on spatiotemporal flow‐transport variability from direct stream discharge observations and independently calculated advective solute travel time distributions for catchments within the water management district Northern Baltic Proper (NBP) in Mid‐Eastern Sweden. A main conclusion is that projections of catchment mass loading based on spatial variability alone are robust estimates of long‐term average solute transport development. This is especially true when annually aggregated mass load rather than finer temporal resolution of mass flux is considered. Temporal variability yields short‐term fluctuations around the long‐term average solute breakthrough development, and earlier or later arrival than the latter, depending on the timing and duration of solute input relative to the temporal flow variability. The exact temporal characteristics of future solute breakthrough are thus fundamentally uncertain but their statistical expectation may be well quantified by accounting only for spatial variability. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Georgia Destouni. Influence of spatial and temporal flow variability on solute transport in catchments. Hydrological Processes 2015, 29, 3592 -3603.

AMA Style

Jan-Olof Selroos, Georgia Destouni. Influence of spatial and temporal flow variability on solute transport in catchments. Hydrological Processes. 2015; 29 (16):3592-3603.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Georgia Destouni. 2015. "Influence of spatial and temporal flow variability on solute transport in catchments." Hydrological Processes 29, no. 16: 3592-3603.

Journal article
Published: 17 July 2014 in Hydrogeology Journal
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The impact of periglacial and glacial climate conditions on groundwater flow in fractured crystalline rock is studied by means of groundwater flow modeling of the Forsmark site, which was recently proposed as a repository site for the disposal of spent high-level nuclear fuel in Sweden. The employed model uses a thermal-hydraulically coupled approach for permafrost modeling and discusses changes in groundwater flow implied by the climate conditions found over northern Europe at different times during the last glacial cycle (Weichselian glaciation). It is concluded that discharge of particles released at repository depth occurs very close to the ice-sheet margin in the absence of permafrost. If permafrost is included, the greater part discharges into taliks in the periglacial area. During a glacial cycle, hydraulic gradients at repository depth reach their maximum values when the ice-sheet margin passes over the site; at this time, also, the interface between fresh and saline waters is distorted the most. The combined effect of advances and retreats during several glaciations has not been studied in the present work; however, the results indicate that hydrochemical conditions at depth in the groundwater flow model are almost restored after a single event of ice-sheet advance and retreat. L’impact des conditions climatiques périglaciaires et glaciaires sur les écoulements d’eau souterraine dans un aquifère cristallin fissuré est étudié à l’aide d’une modélisation des écoulements souterrains du site de Forsmark, qui a été récemment proposé comme site de dépôt pour le stockage des combustibles radioactifs de haut niveau en Suède. Le modèle employé utilise une approche couplée thermo hydraulique pour la modélisation du pergélisol et discute des changements des écoulements souterrains dus aux conditions climatiques de l’Europe du Nord lors de différents moments au cours de la dernière période glaciaire (glaciation du Weichselien). La conclusion est que la décharge de particules libérées au niveau de la profondeur du site de dépôt prend place à très grande proximité de la marge de la calotte glaciaire en l’absence de pergélisol. Si le pergélisol est inclus, la plus grande partie se déverse dans des zones non gelées (taliks) dans la zone périglaciaire. Pendant un cycle glaciaire, les gradients hydrauliques à la profondeur du dépôt atteignent leurs valeurs maximales, lorsque la marge de la calotte glaciaire recouvre le site; à cette époque, aussi, l’interface entre les eaux douces et les eaux salées est la plus déformée. L’effet combiné des progressions et reculs au cours de plusieurs glaciations n’a pas été étudié dans le cadre de ce travail; cependant, les résultats indiquent que les conditions hydrochimiques en profondeur dans le modèle d’écoulements des eaux souterraines sont presque rétablies après un seul événement de progression et de recul de la calotte glaciaire. Se estudia el impacto de las condiciones climáticas glaciales y periglaciales en el flujo de agua subterránea en rocas cristalinas fracturadas por medio de modelado de flujo de agua subterránea del sitio Forsmark, que fue recientemente propuesto como un sitio repositorio para la disposición de combustible nuclear de alta actividad usado en Suecia. El modelo empleado usa un enfoque de acoplamiento térmico hidráulico para modelar el permafrost y discute cambios en el flujo de agua subterránea dado por las condiciones climáticas encontradas sobre Europa del Norte en diferentes épocas durante el último ciclo glacial (glaciación Weichselian). Se concluye que la descarga de partículas liberadas en la profundidad del repositorio ocurre muy cerca del margen de la capa de hielo en la ausencia de permafrost. Si el permafrost está incluido, la mayor parte descarga en los taliks en el área periglacial. Durante un ciclo glacial, los gradientes hidráulicos en la profundidad del repositorio alcanzan sus máximos valores cuando el margen de la capa de hielo sobrepasa el sitio; en este tiempo, también, la interfase entre el agua salina y el agua dulce está mayormente distorsionada. El efecto combinado de avances y retrocesos durante varias glaciaciones no han sido estudiados en el presenta trabajo; sin embargo, los resultados indican que las condiciones hidroquímicas en profundidad en el modelo de flujo de agua subterránea son casi restauradas después de un solo evento de avance y retroceso de la capa de hielo. 通过模拟福什马克储藏地的地下水流研究了冰缘和冰川气候条件对断裂结晶岩中地下水流的影响,该场地最近拟定为处理瑞典废弃高强度核燃料的储藏地。所采用的模型使用了热工-水力耦合方法对永久冻土进行模拟,探讨了最后一次冰川回旋(Weichselian冰期)期间不同时期北欧气候条件给地下水流带来的变化。结果是,在无永久冻土的情况下,储藏地深部释放的粒子排泄到冰盖边缘很近的 地方。如果存在着永久冻土,大部分排泄到冰缘地区的融区中。冰川回旋期间,当冰盖边缘越过储藏地时,储藏地深部的水力梯度达到最大值;在此时期,淡水和咸水界面同样扭曲最严重。目前的研究工作没有包括若干个冰期间的冰进和冰退的综合影响;然而,研究结果表明,地下水流模型中深部的水文化学条件在冰盖进退的单个事件之后几乎完全恢复。 O impacte das condições climáticas periglaciais e glaciais no fluxo de água subterrânea em rochas cristalinas fraturadas é estudado através da modelação de fluxo de águas subterrâneas na zona de Forsmark, que foi recentemente proposta como um depósito de armazenamento de combustível nuclear usado de alta atividade, na Suécia. O modelo utilizado usa uma abordagem termo-hidráulica acoplada para a modelação de permafrost e discute mudanças no fluxo das águas subterrâneas...

ACS Style

Patrik Vidstrand; Sven Follin; Jan-Olof Selroos; Jens-Ove Näslund. Groundwater flow modeling of periods with periglacial and glacial climate conditions for the safety assessment of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden. Hydrogeology Journal 2014, 22, 1251 -1267.

AMA Style

Patrik Vidstrand, Sven Follin, Jan-Olof Selroos, Jens-Ove Näslund. Groundwater flow modeling of periods with periglacial and glacial climate conditions for the safety assessment of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden. Hydrogeology Journal. 2014; 22 (6):1251-1267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patrik Vidstrand; Sven Follin; Jan-Olof Selroos; Jens-Ove Näslund. 2014. "Groundwater flow modeling of periods with periglacial and glacial climate conditions for the safety assessment of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden." Hydrogeology Journal 22, no. 6: 1251-1267.

Journal article
Published: 12 July 2014 in Hydrogeology Journal
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In an essay in a previous issue of Hydrogeology Journal, Selroos and Follin (2014) outlined the hydrogeological site-descriptive modeling performed regarding the Forsmark site in Sweden in order to support an application for a future repository for high-level spent nuclear fuel. The essay was accompanied by three individual reports (Follin and Stigsson 2014; Follin et al. 2014; Follin and Hartley 2014) where more detail was given on various modeling aspects (e.g. parameterization of a deformation zone model, development of a discrete fracture network model, and model integration and confirmatory testing of the integrated model against various types of data). The aim of the site-descriptive hydrogeological modeling was to develop a hydrogeological account of the past and present conditions at the site by analyzing, assessing, and modeling the data obtained during the stage of surface-based site characterization. Corresponding site-descriptive models for other earth science dis ...

ACS Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Sven Follin. Overview of hydrogeological safety assessment modeling conducted for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden. Hydrogeology Journal 2014, 22, 1229 -1232.

AMA Style

Jan-Olof Selroos, Sven Follin. Overview of hydrogeological safety assessment modeling conducted for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden. Hydrogeology Journal. 2014; 22 (6):1229-1232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Sven Follin. 2014. "Overview of hydrogeological safety assessment modeling conducted for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden." Hydrogeology Journal 22, no. 6: 1229-1232.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2013 in Hydrogeology Journal
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Nuclear energy production is dependent on safe long-term management of the spent nuclear fuel resulting from the operation of the power plants. Thus, the realization and societal acceptance of final subsurface repositories for high-level nuclear waste, so-called ‘geological disposal’, which will isolate the waste for an extended period of time, are of utmost importance to future nuclear energy production. The process of siting and obtaining permission to operate a repository for nuclear waste disposal is typically a long and complex process. In Sweden, the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) is responsible for the handling and final disposal of all nuclear waste. During the last three decades, SKB has made progress both in terms of developing a repository concept and in investigating several sites. The Swedish program for geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel is at a major milestone in the form of recently submitted permit applications for the construc ...

ACS Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Sven Follin. Overview of hydrogeological site-descriptive modeling conducted for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden. Hydrogeology Journal 2013, 22, 295 -298.

AMA Style

Jan-Olof Selroos, Sven Follin. Overview of hydrogeological site-descriptive modeling conducted for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden. Hydrogeology Journal. 2013; 22 (2):295-298.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Sven Follin. 2013. "Overview of hydrogeological site-descriptive modeling conducted for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden." Hydrogeology Journal 22, no. 2: 295-298.

Article
Published: 26 April 2013 in Ambio
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This paper describes solute transport modeling carried out as a part of an assessment of the long-term radiological safety of a planned deep rock repository for spent nuclear fuel in Forsmark, Sweden. Specifically, it presents transport modeling performed to locate and describe discharge areas for groundwater potentially carrying radionuclides from the repository to the surface where man and the environment could be affected by the contamination. The modeling results show that topography to large extent determines the discharge locations. Present and future lake and wetland objects are central for the radionuclide transport and dose calculations in the safety assessment. Results of detailed transport modeling focusing on the regolith and the upper part of the rock indicate that the identification of discharge areas and objects considered in the safety assessment is robust in the sense that it does not change when a more detailed model representation is used.

ACS Style

Sten Berglund; Emma Bosson; Jan-Olof Selroos; Mona Sassner. Identification and Characterization of Potential Discharge Areas for Radionuclide Transport by Groundwater from a Nuclear Waste Repository in Sweden. Ambio 2013, 42, 435 -446.

AMA Style

Sten Berglund, Emma Bosson, Jan-Olof Selroos, Mona Sassner. Identification and Characterization of Potential Discharge Areas for Radionuclide Transport by Groundwater from a Nuclear Waste Repository in Sweden. Ambio. 2013; 42 (4):435-446.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sten Berglund; Emma Bosson; Jan-Olof Selroos; Mona Sassner. 2013. "Identification and Characterization of Potential Discharge Areas for Radionuclide Transport by Groundwater from a Nuclear Waste Repository in Sweden." Ambio 42, no. 4: 435-446.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
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ACS Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Hua Cheng; Scott Painter; Patrik Vidstrand. Radionuclide transport during glacial cycles: Comparison of two approaches for representing flow transients. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 2013, 64, 32 -45.

AMA Style

Jan-Olof Selroos, Hua Cheng, Scott Painter, Patrik Vidstrand. Radionuclide transport during glacial cycles: Comparison of two approaches for representing flow transients. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 2013; 64 ():32-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Hua Cheng; Scott Painter; Patrik Vidstrand. 2013. "Radionuclide transport during glacial cycles: Comparison of two approaches for representing flow transients." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 64, no. : 32-45.

Journal article
Published: 08 August 2012 in Hydrogeology Journal
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The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company has recently submitted an application for a license to construct a final repository for spent nuclear fuel, at approximately 500 m depth in crystalline bedrock. Migration pathways through the geosphere barrier are geometrically complex, with segments in fractured rock, deformation zones, backfilled tunnels, and near-surface soils. Several simplifications of these complex migration pathways were used in the assessments of repository performance that supported the license application. Specifically, in the geosphere transport calculations, radionuclide transport in soils and tunnels was neglected, and deformation zones were assumed to have transport characteristics of fractured rock. The effects of these simplifications on the projected performance of the geosphere barrier system are addressed. Geosphere performance is shown to be sensitive to how transport characteristics of deformation zones are conceptualized and incorporated into the model. Incorporation of advective groundwater travel time within backfilled tunnels reduces radiological dose from non-sorbing radionuclides such as I-129, while sorption in near-surface soils reduces radiological doses from sorbing radionuclides such as Ra-226. These results help quantify the degree to which geosphere performance was pessimistically assessed, and provide some guidance on how future studies to reduce uncertainty in geosphere performance may be focused. La Compagnie Suédoise de Gestion de Combustible et Déchets Nucléaires a récemment déposé une demande d’autorisation de réaliser un stockage ultime de combustible nucléaire usé, à approximativement 500 mètres de profondeur dans un massif cristallin. Les voies de migration à travers la barrière de la géosphère sont géométriquement complexes, avec des sections dans la roche fracturée, des zones de déformation, des galeries remblayées et des sols de sub-surface. Plusieurs simplifications de ces voies de migration ont été utilisées pour l’évaluation du fonctionnement du stockage objet de la demande d’autorisation. Plus précisément, dans les calculs de transit dans la géosphère, la migration des radionucléides dans les sols et les galeries a été négligée et les zones de déformation ont été présumées avoir des caractéristiques de transfert de roche fracturée. Les effets de ces simplifications sur le fonctionnement prévu du système de barrière de la géosphère sont inventoriés. On montre que la performance de la géosphère est sensible à la manière dont les caractéristiques de transfert des zones de déformation sont conceptualisées et intégrées dans le modèle. L’intégration du temps de circulation de l’eau souterraine advective dans les galeries remblayées réduit la dose radiologique provenant des radionucléides non adsorbés tel que l’I-129, tandis que la sorption dans les sols de sub-surface réduit les doses radiologiques provenant des radionucléides adsorbés tel que le Ra-226. Ces résultats aident à quantifier, dans une approche pessimiste le niveau de la performance de la géosphère et fournissent un guide sur la manière dont les futures études pour réduire l’incertitude sur la performance de la géosphère peuvent être focalisées. La Compañía Sueca de Combustibles Nucleares y Manejo de Residuos ha enviado recientemente un requerimiento de licencia para construir un repositorio final para combustible nuclear consumido, a aproximadamente 500 m de profundidad en el basamento cristalino. Las trayectorias de migración a través de la barrera de la geosfera son geométricamente complejos, con segmentos en rocas fracturadas, zonas de deformación, túneles rellenos y suelos cercanos a la superficie. Se utilizaron varias simplificaciones complejas de estas trayectorias de migración en la evaluación del rendimiento del repositorio en los cuales se basó el requerimiento de la licencia. Específicamente, en los cálculos del transporte en la geosfera, el transporte de radinucleidos en suelos y túneles fue despreciado, y se supuso que las zonas de deformación tienen las características del transporte de las rocas fracturadas. Se evaluaron los efectos de estas simplificaciones sobre el rendimiento proyectado del sistema de barrera de la geosfera. El rendimiento de la geosfera demuestra ser sensitivo como las características del transporte en las zonas de deformación son conceptualizadas y son incorporadas en el modelo. La incorporación tiempos de tránsito advectivos de aguas subterráneas dentro de los túneles rellenos reduce la dosis radiológica a partir de radionucleidos no absorbibles tal como I-129, mientras que la sorción en suelos cercanos a la superficie reduce la dosis radiológica a partir de radionucleidos absorbibles tales como Ra-226. Estos resultados ayudan a cuantificar el grado en el cual el rendimiento de la geosfera fue evaluado con pesimismo, y provee cierta guía acerca como deben ser enfocados los futuros estudios para reducir la incertidumbre en el rendimiento de la geosfera....

ACS Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Scott L. Painter. Effect of transport-pathway simplifications on projected releases of radionuclides from a nuclear waste repository (Sweden). Hydrogeology Journal 2012, 20, 1467 -1481.

AMA Style

Jan-Olof Selroos, Scott L. Painter. Effect of transport-pathway simplifications on projected releases of radionuclides from a nuclear waste repository (Sweden). Hydrogeology Journal. 2012; 20 (8):1467-1481.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jan-Olof Selroos; Scott L. Painter. 2012. "Effect of transport-pathway simplifications on projected releases of radionuclides from a nuclear waste repository (Sweden)." Hydrogeology Journal 20, no. 8: 1467-1481.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2002 in Geophysical Research Letters
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[1] Velocity distributions in two- and three-dimensional networks of discrete fractures are studied through numerical simulations. The distribution of 1/v, where v is the velocity along particle trajectories, is closely approximated by a power law (Pareto) distribution over a wide range of velocities. For the conditions studied, the power law exponents are in the range 1.1–1.8, and generally increase with increasing fracture density. The same is true for the quantity 1/bv, which is related to retention properties of the rock; b is the fracture half-aperture. Using a stochastic Lagrangian methodology and statistical limit theorems applicable to power-law variables, it is shown that the distributions of residence times for conservative and reacting tracers are related to one-sided stable distributions. These results are incompatible with the classical advection dispersion equation and underscore the need for alternative modeling approaches.

ACS Style

Scott Painter; Vladimir Cvetkovic; Jan‐Olof Selroos. Power-law velocity distributions in fracture networks: Numerical evidence and implications for tracer transport. Geophysical Research Letters 2002, 29, 20 -1.

AMA Style

Scott Painter, Vladimir Cvetkovic, Jan‐Olof Selroos. Power-law velocity distributions in fracture networks: Numerical evidence and implications for tracer transport. Geophysical Research Letters. 2002; 29 (14):20-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Scott Painter; Vladimir Cvetkovic; Jan‐Olof Selroos. 2002. "Power-law velocity distributions in fracture networks: Numerical evidence and implications for tracer transport." Geophysical Research Letters 29, no. 14: 20-1.