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This study examines the effect of the complementarity between the variable generation resources (VGRs) and the load on the flexibility of the power system. The complementarity may change the ramping capability requirement, and thereby, the flexibility. This effect is quantified using a flexibility index called the ramping capability shortage expectation (RSE). The flexibility is evaluated for different VGR mix scenarios under the same VGR penetration level, and an optimal VGR mix (i.e., one that maximizes flexibility) is obtained. The effect of the complementarity of the wind and PV outputs on the flexibility is investigated for the peak-load day of 2016 for the Korean power system. The result shows that the RSE value for the optimal VGR mix scenario is 6.95% larger than that for the original mix scenario.
Chang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. Impact of the Complementarity between Variable Generation Resources and Load on the Flexibility of the Korean Power System. Energies 2017, 10, 1719 .
AMA StyleChang-Gi Min, Mun-Kyeom Kim. Impact of the Complementarity between Variable Generation Resources and Load on the Flexibility of the Korean Power System. Energies. 2017; 10 (11):1719.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. 2017. "Impact of the Complementarity between Variable Generation Resources and Load on the Flexibility of the Korean Power System." Energies 10, no. 11: 1719.
The high penetration of renewable energy resources has made it harder to secure a flexible power system. Accordingly, this has become an issue in operating power systems. As a possible solution, pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES) has received much attention because of its fast start-up and ramp characteristics. This study proposes a flexibility-based reserve scheduling method for PHES. In this method, the reserve scheduling of PHES was conducted to improve flexibility; the associated risk index was termed the ramping capability shortage expectation (RSE). The peak-load days in 2016 and 2029 were selected to examine the applicability and performance of the proposed method. Results indicate that the proposed method can improve the flexibility by 4.45% for 2016 and 0.9% for 2029, respectively.
Chang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. Flexibility-Based Reserve Scheduling of Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage in Korea. Energies 2017, 10, 1478 .
AMA StyleChang-Gi Min, Mun-Kyeom Kim. Flexibility-Based Reserve Scheduling of Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage in Korea. Energies. 2017; 10 (10):1478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. 2017. "Flexibility-Based Reserve Scheduling of Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage in Korea." Energies 10, no. 10: 1478.
This paper proposes an index called net load carrying capability (NLCC) to evaluate the contribution of a generating unit to the flexibility of a power system. NLCC is defined as the amount by which the load can be increased when a generating unit is added to the system, while still maintaining the flexibility of the system. This index is based on the flexibility index termed ramping capability shortage expectation (RSE), which has been used to quantify the risk associated with system flexibility. This paper argues that NLCC is more effective than effective load carrying capability (ELCC) in quantifying the contribution of the generating unit to flexibility. This is explained using an illustrative example. A case study has been performed with a modified IEEE-RTS-96 to confirm the applicability of the NLCC index. The simulation results demonstrate the effect of operating conditions such as operating point and ramp rate on NLCC, and show which kind of unit is more helpful in terms of flexibility.
Chang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. Net Load Carrying Capability of Generating Units in Power Systems. Energies 2017, 10, 1221 .
AMA StyleChang-Gi Min, Mun-Kyeom Kim. Net Load Carrying Capability of Generating Units in Power Systems. Energies. 2017; 10 (8):1221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. 2017. "Net Load Carrying Capability of Generating Units in Power Systems." Energies 10, no. 8: 1221.
This study proposes an evaluation method for variable generation (VG) acceptability with an adequate level of power system flexibility. In this method, a risk index referred to as the ramping capability shortage expectation (RSE) is used to quantify flexibility. The RSE value of the current power system is selected as the adequate level of flexibility (i.e., RSE criterion). VG acceptability is represented by the VG penetration level for the RSE criterion. The proposed evaluation method was applied to the generation expansion plan in Korea for 2029 in order to examine the validity of the existing plan for VG penetration. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to analyze the effects of changes in system uncertainty on VG acceptability. The results show that the planned VG penetration level for 2029 can improve by approximately 12% while securing flexibility.
Chang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. Flexibility-Based Evaluation of Variable Generation Acceptability in Korean Power System. Energies 2017, 10, 825 .
AMA StyleChang-Gi Min, Mun-Kyeom Kim. Flexibility-Based Evaluation of Variable Generation Acceptability in Korean Power System. Energies. 2017; 10 (6):825.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Gi Min; Mun-Kyeom Kim. 2017. "Flexibility-Based Evaluation of Variable Generation Acceptability in Korean Power System." Energies 10, no. 6: 825.
Offshore wind farm (WF) projects have been promoted by support schemes as part of the expansion of renewable energy resources in Korea. This paper examines in detail how the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), which was adopted post the Feed-in-Tariff scheme in 2012, has had a profound impact on the economic benefits of offshore WFs in Korea. A framework for analyzing the economic viability of RPS is presented and applied to the sixth basic plan for long-term electricity supply and demand in Korea. The electricity market price is forecast using a reformulated probabilistic production cost (PPC) model, and the renewable energy certificate (REC) price is calculated using its determination rule. The results show that the existing RPS will be ineffective in increasing the penetration of offshore WFs in Korea; however, they also indicate that the economic viability of offshore WFs could be improved by adjusting the existing RPS.
Chang-Gi Min; Jong Keun Park; Don Hur; Mun-Kyeom Kim. The Economic Viability of Renewable Portfolio Standard Support for Offshore Wind Farm Projects in Korea. Energies 2015, 8, 9731 -9750.
AMA StyleChang-Gi Min, Jong Keun Park, Don Hur, Mun-Kyeom Kim. The Economic Viability of Renewable Portfolio Standard Support for Offshore Wind Farm Projects in Korea. Energies. 2015; 8 (9):9731-9750.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang-Gi Min; Jong Keun Park; Don Hur; Mun-Kyeom Kim. 2015. "The Economic Viability of Renewable Portfolio Standard Support for Offshore Wind Farm Projects in Korea." Energies 8, no. 9: 9731-9750.