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Dr. Muhammad Sajjad
COMSATS University Islamabad

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0 Bioinformatics
0 Marker Assisted Breeding
0 transcriptome analysis
0 Plant Sciences
0 Phenomics

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Bioinformatics
Marker Assisted Breeding

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Short Biography

Dr. Muhmmad Sajjad is working as 'Assistant professor' in the Department of Bioscience, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan. His research interests converge on to improving yield potential, stress tolerance and nutritional quality in cereals using latest genetics, genomics and genome editing tools. He got his PhD from University of Agriculture Faisalabad with international fellowship at ARS-USDA, California. He did his postdoctoral fellowship from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology (IGDB), CAS, Beijing. He has discovered some new yield and quality related genes in bread wheat and developed their easy to use markers for marker assisted selection (MAS) in wheat. He has developed a novel protocol for discovering/haplotyping multiple genes in a large collection of accessions in bread wheat that was filed for Patent in Beijing. He has published >50 research articles in SCI journals. He is a member of breeders’ teams which are developing new wheat and rice varieties. In 2019, his rice breeding group submitted an early maturing, high yielding, and better-quality candidate rice variety "IAGS-PU-1" to the 'Variety Evaluation Committee (VEC)' for approval of its commercial cultivation. Currently, he is running two projects on wheat genetics and genomics, one as PI and other as CoPI. He is supervising 4 MS students and co-supervising 4 PhD students.

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Preprint content
Published: 13 August 2021
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Background: The COBL gene encodes a plant-specific glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. Recently identified COBRA genes supposed as a key regulator of the orientation of cell expansion in the root indicating that Cobra gene family members are likely to be important new players at the plasma membrane-cell wall interface. Methods and Results: By performing a database search and domain prediction, we identified five genes named as TaCOBL 1, TaCOBL 2, TaCOBL 3, TaCOBL 4 and TaCOBL 5, and selected for further analysis. Chromosomal locations of each gene were drawn on karyotype. Structure of genes, promoter analysis and phylogenetic analysis were done using bioinformatics tools and databases. Set of novel SNPs were also predicted. Gene ontologies were analyzed, and pathways involving cobra genes were predicted. Whole genes of 3kb to 4kb were successfully amplified. Five set of primers were designed targeting TaCOBL 1, TaCOBL 2, TaCOBL 3 TaCOBL 4 and TaCOBL 5 genes. Expression of COBL genes were checked in root and shoot by using qPCR. The qRT-PCR revealed that expression TaCOBL genes can be regulated under abiotic stress such drought stress. Conclusion: The comprehensive annotation and expression profiling of COBL genes performed in this study enhanced our understanding and these genes were found to play a significant role in drought stress. Our findings lay the groundwork for further functional investigation of COBL genes mechanism.

ACS Style

Muhammad Zaheer; Shoaib Ur Rehman; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Shahmeer Shahid; Awais Rasheed; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Sajjad. Genome-wide Identification and Transcriptional Profiling of New Cobra-like Genes in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum). 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Zaheer, Shoaib Ur Rehman, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Shahmeer Shahid, Awais Rasheed, Rabia Naz, Muhammad Sajjad. Genome-wide Identification and Transcriptional Profiling of New Cobra-like Genes in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum). . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Zaheer; Shoaib Ur Rehman; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Shahmeer Shahid; Awais Rasheed; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Sajjad. 2021. "Genome-wide Identification and Transcriptional Profiling of New Cobra-like Genes in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2021 in Brazilian Journal of Botany
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The INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA) controls floral organ abscission in plants. IDA belongs to IDA-LIKE (IDL) gene family that is involved in regulation of Arabidopsis development. Herein, we identified three genes, CoIDA1, CoIDA2 and CoIDA3 in Camellia oleifera (Camellia oleifera Abel. cv. Huashuo) and suggested their involvement in the regulation of fruits abscission. The full-length cDNA sequences of CoIDA1, CoIDA2 and CoIDA3 were of 207 bp, 276 bp and 273 bp, encoding proteins of 68, 91 and 90 amino acids, respectively. These CoIDA genes were single exon genes (SEGs) with a conserved extended PIP motif (EPIP) at C-terminal that has been implicated to play an important role in governing protein function for enhanced flower abortion rate. The highest expression of CoIDA1 was in young peduncles and the lowest in young fruits. However, the highest expressions of CoIDA2 and CoIDA3 were both in young roots, and the lowest in young fruits. The expressions of CoIDA1 and CoIDA2 significantly increased in abscission zones (AZs) of both abnormal fruits (AF) and ethephon treated fruits (ETH-F) with respect to normal fruits (NF), which suggest that CoIDA1 and CoIDA2 genes are related to fruits abscission in C. oleifera. This study provided a preliminary understanding about CoIDA genes which could lead to their detailed functional analysis and utilization for improving C. oleifera yield potential.

ACS Style

Mi Yang; Xiao Hu; Xiang Ouyang; Muhammad Sajjad; Xiaoling Ma; Deyi Yuan. Molecular cloning and characterization of three CoIDA genes in Camellia oleifera. Brazilian Journal of Botany 2021, 44, 391 -400.

AMA Style

Mi Yang, Xiao Hu, Xiang Ouyang, Muhammad Sajjad, Xiaoling Ma, Deyi Yuan. Molecular cloning and characterization of three CoIDA genes in Camellia oleifera. Brazilian Journal of Botany. 2021; 44 (2):391-400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mi Yang; Xiao Hu; Xiang Ouyang; Muhammad Sajjad; Xiaoling Ma; Deyi Yuan. 2021. "Molecular cloning and characterization of three CoIDA genes in Camellia oleifera." Brazilian Journal of Botany 44, no. 2: 391-400.

Special issue article
Published: 09 January 2021 in Physiologia Plantarum
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Among different abiotic stresses, drought stress is the leading cause of impaired plant growth and low productivity worldwide. It is therefore essential to understand the process of drought tolerance in plants and thus to enhance drought resistance. Accumulating evidence indicates that phytohormones are essential signalling molecules that regulate diverse processes of plant growth and development under drought stress. Plants can often respond to drought stress through a cascade of phytohormones signaling as a means of plant growth regulation. Understanding biosynthesis pathways and regulatory crosstalk involved in these vital compounds could pave the way for improving plant drought tolerance while maintaining overall plant health. In recent years, the identification of phytohormones related key regulatory genes and their manipulation through state‐of‐the‐art genome engineering tools have helped to improve drought tolerance plants. To date, several genes linked to phytohormones signaling networks, biosynthesis, and metabolism have been described as a promising contender for engineering drought tolerance. Recent advances in functional genomics have shown that enhanced expression of positive regulators involved in hormone biosynthesis could better equip plants against drought stress. Similarly, knocking down negative regulators of phytohormone biosynthesis can also be very effective to negate the negative effects of drought on plants. This review explained how manipulating positive and negative regulators of phytohormone signaling could be improvised to develop future crop varieties exhibiting higher drought tolerance. Additionally, we also discuss the role of a promising genome editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9, on phytohormone mediated plant growth regulation for tackling drought stress.

ACS Style

Muhammad Salman Mubarik; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Muhammad Sajjad; Ali Raza; Muhammad Bilal Hafeez; Tahira Yasmeen; Muhammad Rizwan; Shafaqat Ali; Muhammad Saleem Arif. A manipulative interplay between positive and negative regulators of phytohormones: A way forward for improving drought tolerance in plants. Physiologia Plantarum 2021, 172, 1269 -1290.

AMA Style

Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Muhammad Sajjad, Ali Raza, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, Tahira Yasmeen, Muhammad Rizwan, Shafaqat Ali, Muhammad Saleem Arif. A manipulative interplay between positive and negative regulators of phytohormones: A way forward for improving drought tolerance in plants. Physiologia Plantarum. 2021; 172 (2):1269-1290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Salman Mubarik; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Muhammad Sajjad; Ali Raza; Muhammad Bilal Hafeez; Tahira Yasmeen; Muhammad Rizwan; Shafaqat Ali; Muhammad Saleem Arif. 2021. "A manipulative interplay between positive and negative regulators of phytohormones: A way forward for improving drought tolerance in plants." Physiologia Plantarum 172, no. 2: 1269-1290.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2020 in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
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The role of DELLAs in response to light intensity under salt stress is largely unknown. Therefore, the effect of three light intensities-low (35), medium (60), and high (155) μmol m−2 s−1 on Arabidopsis plants growth under saline condition (150 mM NaCl) was evaluated. High light intensity exhibited significant growth in the number of lateral roots related to the low light. Immunoblot assay revealed increased DELLA accumulation at the seedling stage under high light intensity. High light promotes seed germination by 24–44%, whilst, lateral roots by 25–90% in wild-type ecotypes. The lateral roots increased significantly in gai (gibberellic acid insensitive mutant) as compared with gai-t6 (wild type like gibberellic acid insensitive mutant) in response to low to medium and high to medium light intensity. High light increased seedling survival rate by 67% in Col-0 (Columbia) and 60% in Ler (Landsberg erecta) and showed a 28% increase in survival rate in gai mutant under salt stress as compared to gai-t6. Furthermore, salt-stress responsive genes’ expression in gai-mutant establishes the relationship of DELLA proteins with salt resistance. Together, light is a cardinal element, its optimum quantity is highly beneficial and promotes salt stress resistance through DELLA protein at seedling stage in plants.

ACS Style

Saima Arain; Maria Meer; Muhammad Sajjad; Humaira Yasmin. Light contributes to salt resistance through GAI protein regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2020, 159, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Saima Arain, Maria Meer, Muhammad Sajjad, Humaira Yasmin. Light contributes to salt resistance through GAI protein regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2020; 159 ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saima Arain; Maria Meer; Muhammad Sajjad; Humaira Yasmin. 2020. "Light contributes to salt resistance through GAI protein regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 159, no. : 1-11.

Perspective
Published: 12 November 2020 in Plants
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Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)-transmitted Geminiviruses cause serious diseases of crop plants in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Plants, animals, and their microbial symbionts have evolved complex ways to interact with each other that impact their life cycles. Blocking virus transmission by altering the biology of vector species, such as the whitefly, can be a potential approach to manage these devastating diseases. Virus transmission by insect vectors to plant hosts often involves bacterial endosymbionts. Molecular chaperonins of bacterial endosymbionts bind with virus particles and have a key role in the transmission of Geminiviruses. Hence, devising new approaches to obstruct virus transmission by manipulating bacterial endosymbionts before infection opens new avenues for viral disease control. The exploitation of bacterial endosymbiont within the insect vector would disrupt interactions among viruses, insects, and their bacterial endosymbionts. The study of this cooperating web could potentially decrease virus transmission and possibly represent an effective solution to control viral diseases in crop plants.

ACS Style

Muhammad Salman Mubarik; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Aftab Ahmad; Ali Raza; Zulqurnain Khan; Muhammad Sajjad; Reda Helmy Ahmed Sammour; Abd El-Zaher M.A. Mustafa; Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi; Amal H. Alajmi; Fatin K. I. Alshamasi; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. Controlling Geminiviruses before Transmission: Prospects. Plants 2020, 9, 1556 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Aftab Ahmad, Ali Raza, Zulqurnain Khan, Muhammad Sajjad, Reda Helmy Ahmed Sammour, Abd El-Zaher M.A. Mustafa, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Amal H. Alajmi, Fatin K. I. Alshamasi, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. Controlling Geminiviruses before Transmission: Prospects. Plants. 2020; 9 (11):1556.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Salman Mubarik; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Aftab Ahmad; Ali Raza; Zulqurnain Khan; Muhammad Sajjad; Reda Helmy Ahmed Sammour; Abd El-Zaher M.A. Mustafa; Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi; Amal H. Alajmi; Fatin K. I. Alshamasi; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. 2020. "Controlling Geminiviruses before Transmission: Prospects." Plants 9, no. 11: 1556.

Journal article
Published: 27 October 2020 in PeerJ
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Drought stress hampers the growth and productivity of wheat crop worldwide. Thus far, different strategies have been proposed to improve drought tolerance in wheat but the combined application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria formulated bio-fertilizer (BF) and salicylic acid (SA) has not been thoroughly explored yet. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to observe the effect of SA, BF, and their combination on wheat plants under optimal and drought stress conditions. Seeds priming was done with BF (107CFU mL−1). After 2 weeks of germination, SA (one mM) was applied as a foliar spray. Drought stress was applied by withholding water supply at three-leaf stage (30 d old plants) for the next 15 d until soil moisture dropped to 10%. Foliar application of SA increased the bacterial population of BF significantly compared to the sole application of BF under irrigated as well as drought stress conditions. Co-application of BF and foliar spray of SA induced drought tolerance in wheat plants by enhancing plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content and osmolytes, and activities of the defense-related system. Plants treated with SA and BF together under drought stress had significantly increased leaf water status, Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoids synthesis by 238%, 125%, 167%, and 122%, respectively. Moreover, the co-application of SA and BF showed maximum SOD, POD, APX, and CAT activities by 165%, 85%, 156%, and 169% in the leaves while 153%, 86%, 116% and 200% in roots under drought stress. Similarly, the combined treatment exhibited a pronounced decrease in MDA content by 54% while increased production of proteins and proline by 145% and 149%, respectively. Our results showed that the co-application of SA and BF induced better drought tolerance as compared with the sole application of SA or BF. The results obtained herein suggest that combined application of BF and SA can be applied to the wheat crop to greatly improve drought tolerance in field conditions.

ACS Style

Ammar Azmat; Humaira Yasmin; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Sajjad; Noshin Ilyas; Malik Nadeem Akhtar. Co-application of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid improves growth, photosynthetic pigments and stress tolerance in wheat under drought stress. PeerJ 2020, 8, e9960 .

AMA Style

Ammar Azmat, Humaira Yasmin, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Asia Nosheen, Rabia Naz, Muhammad Sajjad, Noshin Ilyas, Malik Nadeem Akhtar. Co-application of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid improves growth, photosynthetic pigments and stress tolerance in wheat under drought stress. PeerJ. 2020; 8 ():e9960.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ammar Azmat; Humaira Yasmin; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Asia Nosheen; Rabia Naz; Muhammad Sajjad; Noshin Ilyas; Malik Nadeem Akhtar. 2020. "Co-application of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid improves growth, photosynthetic pigments and stress tolerance in wheat under drought stress." PeerJ 8, no. : e9960.

Journal article
Published: 04 September 2020 in Agriculture
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The decrease in water resources is a serious threat to food security world-wide. In this regard, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify grain yield and quality-related genes/loci under normal and water-deficit conditions. Highly significant differences were exhibited among genotypes under both conditions for all studied traits. Water-deficit stress caused a reduction in grains yield and an increase in grains protein contents (GPC) and gluten contents (GLC). Population structure divided the 96 genotypes into four sub-populations. Out of 72 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs), 28 and 44 were observed under normal and water-deficit stress conditions, respectively. Pleiotropic loci (RAC875_s117925_244, BobWhite_c23828_341 and wsnp_CAP8_c334_304253) for yield and quality traits were identified on chromosomes 5A, 6B and 7B, respectively, under normal conditions. Under a water-deficit condition, the pleiotropic loci (Excalibur_c48047_90, Tdurum_contig100702_265 and BobWhite_c19429_95) for grain yield per plant (GYP), GPC and GLC were identified on chromosomes 3A, 4A and 7B, respectively. The pleiotropic loci (BS00063551_51 and RAC875_c28721_290) for GPC and GLC on chromosome 1B and 3A, respectively, were found under both conditions. Besides the validation of previously reported MTAs, some new MTAs were identified for flag leaf area (FLA), thousand grain weight (TGW), GYP, GPC and GLC under normal and water-deficit conditions. Twenty SNPs associated with the traits were mapped in the coding DNA sequence (CDS) of the respective candidate genes. The protein functions of the identified candidate genes were predicted and discussed. Isolation and characterization of the candidate genes, wherein, SNPs were mapped in CDS will result in discovering novel genes underpinning water-deficit tolerance in bread wheat.

ACS Style

Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed; Muhammad Sajjad; Yawen Zeng; Muhammad Iqbal; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Aziz Ullah; Malik Nadeem Akhtar. Genome-Wide Association Mapping through 90K SNP Array for Quality and Yield Attributes in Bread Wheat against Water-Deficit Conditions. Agriculture 2020, 10, 392 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed, Muhammad Sajjad, Yawen Zeng, Muhammad Iqbal, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Aziz Ullah, Malik Nadeem Akhtar. Genome-Wide Association Mapping through 90K SNP Array for Quality and Yield Attributes in Bread Wheat against Water-Deficit Conditions. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (9):392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed; Muhammad Sajjad; Yawen Zeng; Muhammad Iqbal; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Aziz Ullah; Malik Nadeem Akhtar. 2020. "Genome-Wide Association Mapping through 90K SNP Array for Quality and Yield Attributes in Bread Wheat against Water-Deficit Conditions." Agriculture 10, no. 9: 392.

Original article
Published: 27 August 2020 in Theoretical and Applied Genetics
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We used SMRT sequencing and explored the haplotypes of TaCKX genes, linked with thousand-grain weight and plant height, and developed the functionally validated markers, which can be used in the marker-assisted breeding program. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) enzymes catalyze the permanent degradation of cytokinins. Identification of the TaCKX alleles associated with yield traits and the development of functional markers is the first step in using these alleles in marker-assisted breeding program. To identify the alleles, we sequenced the genome fragments, containing TaCKX genes from 48 wheat genotypes, by PacBio® sequencing. Six out of 22 TaCKX genes were found polymorphic, forming 14 distinct haplotypes. Functional markers were developed and validated for all the polymorphic TaCKX genes. Four specific haplotypes, i.e., TaCKX2A_2, TaCKX4A_2, TaCKX5A_3, and TaCKX9A_2, were found significantly associated with high thousand-grain weight (TGW) and short plant height (PH) in Chinese wheat micro-core collection (MCC) and GWAS open population (GWAS-OP), whereas TaCKX1B_2 in GWAS-OP and TaCKX11A_3 in MCC were significantly associated with high TGW and short PH. The mean values of TGW and PH for cumulative favorable haplotypes from chromosome 3A, i.e., TaCKX2A_2, TaCKX4A_2, and TaCKX5A_3, were significantly higher as compared to the cumulative unfavored haplotypes, and the change was additive in manner. Frequency distribution analysis revealed that since the 1960s, the frequency of the favorable haplotypes and TGW has gradually increased in Chinese wheat cultivars. Expression profiling in the seed tissue excised at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after anthesis depicted that the favorable haplotypes are significantly less expressive as compared to the unfavored haplotypes. We conclude that the functional markers developed in this study can be used to select the favorable haplotypes of TaCKX genes in wheat marker-assisted breeding programs.

ACS Style

Muhammad Shoaib; Wenlong Yang; Qiangqiang Shan; Linhe Sun; Dongzhi Wang; Muhammad Sajjad; Xin Li; Jiazhu Sun; Dongcheng Liu; Kehui Zhan; Aimin Zhang. TaCKX gene family, at large, is associated with thousand-grain weight and plant height in common wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 2020, 133, 3151 -3163.

AMA Style

Muhammad Shoaib, Wenlong Yang, Qiangqiang Shan, Linhe Sun, Dongzhi Wang, Muhammad Sajjad, Xin Li, Jiazhu Sun, Dongcheng Liu, Kehui Zhan, Aimin Zhang. TaCKX gene family, at large, is associated with thousand-grain weight and plant height in common wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 2020; 133 (11):3151-3163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Shoaib; Wenlong Yang; Qiangqiang Shan; Linhe Sun; Dongzhi Wang; Muhammad Sajjad; Xin Li; Jiazhu Sun; Dongcheng Liu; Kehui Zhan; Aimin Zhang. 2020. "TaCKX gene family, at large, is associated with thousand-grain weight and plant height in common wheat." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 133, no. 11: 3151-3163.

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2020 in Sustainability
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Controlling agricultural pests using suitable biocontrol agents has been considered the best strategy for sustainable agriculture. Charcoal rot caused by a necrotrophic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina is responsible for a 30–50% annual reduction in soybean yield worldwide. Little is known about the role of Bacillus clausii in reducing charcoal rot disease severity in the soybean crop. In this study, we investigated plant growth promoting and antagonistic potential of Pseudomonas putida (MT604992) and Bacillus clausii (MT604989) against charcoal rot disease incidence in soybean. Among twenty bacteria isolated from soil and water samples of two different hot springs of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, 80% were siderophore positive; 65% were hydrogen cyanide (HCN) positive; 55%, 30%, and 75% were phosphate, potassium, and zinc solubilizers, respectively. Based on higher antagonistic activities and plant growth promoting traits five strains were selected for in vitro screening. Out of all tested strains, Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus clausii showed a significant increase in germination, growth, and disease suppression in soybean. These strains produced a pronounced increase in relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, membrane stability, proline, antioxidant enzymes status, phytohormones content (Salicylic acid, and Jasmonic acid), and disease suppression in comparison to control plants. Bacillus clausii mitigated the disease by 97% with a marked increase in the proline content (73% and 89%), superoxide dismutase (356% and 208%), peroxidase (439% and 138.6%), catalase (255.8% and 80.8%), and ascorbate peroxidase (228% and 90%) activities in shoots and roots, respectively. Infected plants showed an increase in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid content which was further increased with the application of the selected strains to increase resistance against pathogens. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing a rise in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in Macrophomina phaseolina infected plants. These two strains are suggested as a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides. However, there is a need to explore the field testing and molecular mechanisms leading to disease suppression by these strains.

ACS Style

Humaira Yasmin; Rabia Naz; Asia Nosheen; Muhammad Hassan; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Sajjad; Seemab Anjum; Xiangkuo Gao; Zhide Geng. Identification of New Biocontrol Agent against Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina in Soybean (Glycine Max L.). Sustainability 2020, 12, 6856 .

AMA Style

Humaira Yasmin, Rabia Naz, Asia Nosheen, Muhammad Hassan, Noshin Ilyas, Muhammad Sajjad, Seemab Anjum, Xiangkuo Gao, Zhide Geng. Identification of New Biocontrol Agent against Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina in Soybean (Glycine Max L.). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6856.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Humaira Yasmin; Rabia Naz; Asia Nosheen; Muhammad Hassan; Noshin Ilyas; Muhammad Sajjad; Seemab Anjum; Xiangkuo Gao; Zhide Geng. 2020. "Identification of New Biocontrol Agent against Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina in Soybean (Glycine Max L.)." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6856.

Article
Published: 11 August 2020 in Euphytica
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Green gram [Vigna radiata (L.)] is an important pulse crop in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the globe. We evaluated green gram germplasm comprising a large collection of 533 accessions for qualitative and quantitative traits. On the basis of average linkage, germplasm was grouped in five main clusters, where cluster I and cluster V grouped the accessions with contrasting traits, similar to clusters II and IV which also differ strikingly.Majority of the positive qualitative traits, particularly of breeder’s interest, were concentrated in clusters I-III, including tolerance against yellow mosaic virus and leaf curl virus. In principal component analysis (PCA), quantitative traits contributed positively to first two PCs. The results of PCA, phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations and genetic advance suggested that selection for higher pods/plant, branches/plant, seeds/pod and 100 seed weight can significantly improve yield potential and hence, can be used as effective selection indicators. Overall negative association between days to maturity (DM), days to flowering (DF) and major yield traits suggested that selection for short duration plant will compromise yield potential. Appropriate harvest index (HI) range was determined on the basis of selection score (SC). The highest HI range was from 25.1–30.0% (12.07 SC) followed by 30.1–35.0% (10.34 SC), provided strong basis for future mungbean selection. Mungbean germplasm used in the current study displayed significant diversity for DF, DM and major yield traits and hence, can help to break negative linkage drag between DM and major yield contribution traits to develop high yielding short duration green gram varieties for hybridization-based breeding programs.

ACS Style

Ayesha Tahir; Muhammad Kashif Ilyas; Muhammad Muddassir Sardar; Ali Kiani Pouya; Fatemeh Rasouli; Ameer Bibi; Zahra Jabeen; Muhammad Sajjad; Sadar Uddin Siddiqui; Abdul Ghafoor. Selection criteria for yield potential in a large collection of Vigna radiata (L.) accessions. Euphytica 2020, 216, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Ayesha Tahir, Muhammad Kashif Ilyas, Muhammad Muddassir Sardar, Ali Kiani Pouya, Fatemeh Rasouli, Ameer Bibi, Zahra Jabeen, Muhammad Sajjad, Sadar Uddin Siddiqui, Abdul Ghafoor. Selection criteria for yield potential in a large collection of Vigna radiata (L.) accessions. Euphytica. 2020; 216 (9):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayesha Tahir; Muhammad Kashif Ilyas; Muhammad Muddassir Sardar; Ali Kiani Pouya; Fatemeh Rasouli; Ameer Bibi; Zahra Jabeen; Muhammad Sajjad; Sadar Uddin Siddiqui; Abdul Ghafoor. 2020. "Selection criteria for yield potential in a large collection of Vigna radiata (L.) accessions." Euphytica 216, no. 9: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 24 June 2020 in Journal of Integrative Agriculture
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Stripe rust is a continuous threat to wheat crop all over the world. It causes considerable yield losses in wheat crop every year. Continuous deployment of adult plant resistance (APR) genes in newly developing wheat cultivars is the most judicious strategy to combat this disease. Herein, we dissected the genetics underpinning stripe rust resistance in Pakistani wheat germplasm. An association panel of 94 spring wheat genotypes was phenotyped for two years to score the infestation of stripe rust on each accession and was scanned with 203 polymorphic SSRs. Based on D´ measure, linkage disequilibrium (LD) exhibited between loci distant up to 45 cM. Marker-trait associations (MTAs) were determined using mixed linear model (MLM). Total 31 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were observed on all 21 wheat chromosomes. Twelve QTLs were newly discovered as well as 19 QTLs and 35 previously reported Yr genes were validated in Pakistani wheat germplasm. The major QTLs were QYr.uaf.2AL and QYr.uaf.3BS (PVE, 11.9%). Dissection of genes from the newly observed QTLs can provide new APR genes to improve genetic resources for APR resistance in wheat crop.

ACS Style

Sher Muhammad; Muhammad Sajjad; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Muhammad Shahid; Muhammad Zubair; Faisal Saeed Awan; Azeem Iqbal Khan; Muhammad Salman Mubarik; Ayesha Tahir; Muhammad Umer; Rumana Keyani; Muhammad Inam Afzal; Irfan Manzoor; Javed Iqbal Wattoo; Aziz-Ur Rehman. Genome-wide association analysis for stripe rust resistance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020, 19, 2035 -2043.

AMA Style

Sher Muhammad, Muhammad Sajjad, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Zubair, Faisal Saeed Awan, Azeem Iqbal Khan, Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Ayesha Tahir, Muhammad Umer, Rumana Keyani, Muhammad Inam Afzal, Irfan Manzoor, Javed Iqbal Wattoo, Aziz-Ur Rehman. Genome-wide association analysis for stripe rust resistance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2020; 19 (8):2035-2043.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sher Muhammad; Muhammad Sajjad; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Muhammad Shahid; Muhammad Zubair; Faisal Saeed Awan; Azeem Iqbal Khan; Muhammad Salman Mubarik; Ayesha Tahir; Muhammad Umer; Rumana Keyani; Muhammad Inam Afzal; Irfan Manzoor; Javed Iqbal Wattoo; Aziz-Ur Rehman. 2020. "Genome-wide association analysis for stripe rust resistance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm." Journal of Integrative Agriculture 19, no. 8: 2035-2043.

Research article
Published: 01 May 2020 in PLOS ONE
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Susceptibility of plants to abiotic stresses, including extreme temperatures, salinity and drought, poses an increasing threat to crop productivity worldwide. Here the drought-induced response of maize was modulated by applications of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA) to seeds prior to sowing and to leaves prior to stress treatment. Pot experiments were conducted to ascertain the effects of exogenous applications of these hormones on maize growth, physiology and biochemistry under drought stress and well-watered (control) conditions. Maize plants were subjected to single as well as combined pre-treatments of MeJA and SA. Drought stress severely affected maize morphology and reduced relative water content, above and below-ground biomass, rates of photosynthesis, and protein content. The prolonged water deficit also led to increased relative membrane permeability and oxidative stress induced by the production of malondialdehyde (from lipid peroxidation), lipoxygenase activity (LOX) and the production of H2O2. The single applications of MeJA and SA were not found to be effective in maize for drought tolerance while the combined pre-treatments with exogenous MeJA+SA mitigated the adverse effects of drought-induced oxidative stress, as reflected in lower levels of lipid peroxidation, LOX activity and H2O2. The same pre-treatment also maintained adequate water status of the plants under drought stress by increasing osmolytes including proline, total carbohydrate content and total soluble sugars. Furthermore, exogenous applications of MeJA+SA approximately doubled the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Pre-treatment with MeJA alone gave the highest increase in drought-induced production of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA). Pre-treatment with MeJA+SA partially prevented drought-induced oxidative stress by modulating levels of osmolytes and endogenous ABA, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, the results show that seed and foliar pre-treatments with exogenous MeJA and/or SA can have positive effects on the responses of maize seedlings to drought.

ACS Style

Nimrah Tayyab; Rabia Naz; Humaira Yasmin; Asia Nosheen; Rumana Keyani; Muhammad Sajjad; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Thomas Roberts. Combined seed and foliar pre-treatments with exogenous methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid mitigate drought-induced stress in maize. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0232269 .

AMA Style

Nimrah Tayyab, Rabia Naz, Humaira Yasmin, Asia Nosheen, Rumana Keyani, Muhammad Sajjad, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan, Thomas Roberts. Combined seed and foliar pre-treatments with exogenous methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid mitigate drought-induced stress in maize. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (5):e0232269.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nimrah Tayyab; Rabia Naz; Humaira Yasmin; Asia Nosheen; Rumana Keyani; Muhammad Sajjad; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Thomas Roberts. 2020. "Combined seed and foliar pre-treatments with exogenous methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid mitigate drought-induced stress in maize." PLOS ONE 15, no. 5: e0232269.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2020 in Foods
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The medicinal importance of honey has been known for many decades due to its antimicrobial properties against life-threatening bacteria. However, previous studies revealed that microorganisms are able to develop adaptations after continuous exposure to antimicrobial compounds. The present study was conducted to explore the impact of subinhibitory concentrations of branded honey (Marhaba) and unbranded honey (extracted from Ziziphus mauritiana plant) locally available in Pakistan on Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae by investigating the development of self- or cross-resistance to antibiotics (gentamicin, kanamycin and imipenem). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of autoclaved honeys were determined. The bacterial cells of E. coli ATCC 10536, S. Typhi and K. pneumoniae were subjected to honey adaptation by exposing to ¼ × MIC (4 passages) and ½ × MIC (4 passages) of both honeys. Moreover, tolerance to low pH and high temperature was also studied in adapted and unadapted cells. The decreasing trend in growth pattern (OD600nm) of E. coli ATCC 10536, S. Typhi and K. pneumoniae was observed with increases in the concentration of honeys (6.25–50% v/v) respectively. Our results showed that continuous exposure of both honeys did not lead to the development of any self- or cross-resistance in tested bacteria. However, percent survival to low pH was found to be significantly higher in adapted cells as compared to unadapted cells. The results indicate that both branded honey (Marhaba) and unbranded honey (extracted from Ziziphus mauritiana plant) were effective in controlling the growth of tested pathogenic bacteria. However, the emergence of tolerance to adverse conditions (pH 2.5, temperature 60 °C) deserves further investigation before proposing honey as a better antibacterial agent in food fabrication/processing, where low pH and high temperatures are usually implemented.

ACS Style

Rabia Ayub; Muhammad Umer; Abid Aslam Maan; Bilal Rasool; Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan; Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan Tahira Younis; Shabbar Abbas; Muhammad Sajjad; Imdad Kaleem; Muhammad Imran; Azmat Ullah; Muhammad Sohail Afzal; Zaheer Hussain Shah; Sheraz Ahmed; Farhan Aslam; Neelam Chaudhary; Muhammad Inam Afzal; Muhammad Afzal; Muhammad Afzal. Antibiotics, Acid and Heat Tolerance of Honey adapted Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Foods 2020, 9, 311 .

AMA Style

Rabia Ayub, Muhammad Umer, Abid Aslam Maan, Bilal Rasool, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan Tahira Younis, Shabbar Abbas, Muhammad Sajjad, Imdad Kaleem, Muhammad Imran, Azmat Ullah, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Zaheer Hussain Shah, Sheraz Ahmed, Farhan Aslam, Neelam Chaudhary, Muhammad Inam Afzal, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Afzal. Antibiotics, Acid and Heat Tolerance of Honey adapted Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Foods. 2020; 9 (3):311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rabia Ayub; Muhammad Umer; Abid Aslam Maan; Bilal Rasool; Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan; Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan Tahira Younis; Shabbar Abbas; Muhammad Sajjad; Imdad Kaleem; Muhammad Imran; Azmat Ullah; Muhammad Sohail Afzal; Zaheer Hussain Shah; Sheraz Ahmed; Farhan Aslam; Neelam Chaudhary; Muhammad Inam Afzal; Muhammad Afzal; Muhammad Afzal. 2020. "Antibiotics, Acid and Heat Tolerance of Honey adapted Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae." Foods 9, no. 3: 311.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Applied Ecology and Environmental Research
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H.G.M.-D. Ahmed; M. Kashif; Muhammad Sajjad; Y.-W. Zeng. GENETIC DISSECTION OF PROTEIN AND GLUTEN CONTENTS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER NORMAL AND DROUGHT CONDITIONS. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2020, 18, 5645 -5659.

AMA Style

H.G.M.-D. Ahmed, M. Kashif, Muhammad Sajjad, Y.-W. Zeng. GENETIC DISSECTION OF PROTEIN AND GLUTEN CONTENTS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER NORMAL AND DROUGHT CONDITIONS. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 2020; 18 (4):5645-5659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H.G.M.-D. Ahmed; M. Kashif; Muhammad Sajjad; Y.-W. Zeng. 2020. "GENETIC DISSECTION OF PROTEIN AND GLUTEN CONTENTS IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER NORMAL AND DROUGHT CONDITIONS." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 18, no. 4: 5645-5659.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2019 in Journal of Cereal Science
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Kernel hardness - a key quality trait of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - is mainly conditioned by the Pina and Pinb genes. Mutation or deletion of Pina or Pinb increases kernel hardness, resulting in a hard wheat kernel texture. Here, Pinb-D1x gene was cloned from a hard wheat landrace Kashibaipi and transformed into a soft wheat cultivar Yangmai19 to assess its effect on kernel hardness and flour properties. PCR, RT-PCR and Western blot data confirmed the successful transformation and overexpression of Pinb-D1x gene in transgenic offsprings. The data of single kernel characterization system and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the introduction of Pinb-D1x in soft wheat increased the kernel hardness significantly and changed the internal structure of the kernel. Similarly, transgenic lines exhibited hard wheat like flour properties; flour whiteness and pasting temperature were significantly reduced in the transgenic lines, while the total protein content, damaged starch content, and compound parameter in the Mixograph tests (PT × TW value) showed a significant increase over the wildtype. The results showed that the transformation of the Pinb variants is a powerful strategy to alter the kernel hardness and flour properties in wheat breeding.

ACS Style

Xiaoling Ma; Hui Xue; Jiazhu Sun; Muhammad Sajjad; Jing Wang; Wenlong Yang; Xin Li; Aimin Zhang; Dongcheng Liu. Transformation of Pinb-D1x to soft wheat produces hard wheat kernel texture. Journal of Cereal Science 2019, 91, 102889 .

AMA Style

Xiaoling Ma, Hui Xue, Jiazhu Sun, Muhammad Sajjad, Jing Wang, Wenlong Yang, Xin Li, Aimin Zhang, Dongcheng Liu. Transformation of Pinb-D1x to soft wheat produces hard wheat kernel texture. Journal of Cereal Science. 2019; 91 ():102889.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoling Ma; Hui Xue; Jiazhu Sun; Muhammad Sajjad; Jing Wang; Wenlong Yang; Xin Li; Aimin Zhang; Dongcheng Liu. 2019. "Transformation of Pinb-D1x to soft wheat produces hard wheat kernel texture." Journal of Cereal Science 91, no. : 102889.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2019 in Foods
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Poro cheese is a regional product originally from the area of Los Rios, Tabasco in Mexico. In the context of preserving the heritage of Poro cheese and protecting the specific characteristics that define its typicity through an origin designation, the present study was conducted to establish a general profile of Poro cheese by characterizing their physicochemical, textural, rheological, sensorial and microbiological characteristics. Differences in moisture, proteins, fats, NaCl, titrable acidity, pH, color texture and rheology amongst cheese factories were observed and ranges were established. Fifteen descriptors were generated to provide a descriptive analysis, eight of which were significantly different amongst the factories with no differences in the global acceptability of cheese. The favorite cheese had the highest scores for aroma attributes. Conventional and molecular methods were used to identify the main microorganisms, for which Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum, L. farciminis and L. rhamnosus were the main microorganisms found in Porocheese. The obtained data constituted the parameters for characterizing Poro cheese, which will strongly help to support its origin appellation request process.

ACS Style

Citlalli Celeste González Ariceaga; Muhammad Inam Afzal; Muhammad Umer; Shabbar Abbas; Haroon Ahmad; Muhammad Sajjad; Fahed Parvaiz; Kaleem Imdad; Muhammad Imran; Abid Aslam Maan; Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan; Azmat Ullah; Arturo Hernández-Montes; Eleazar Aguirre-Mandujano; Abraham Villegas De Gante; Muriel Jacquot; Catherine Cailliez-Grimal. Physicochemical, Sensorial and Microbiological Characterization of PoroCheese, an Artisanal Mexican Cheese Made from Raw Milk. Foods 2019, 8, 509 .

AMA Style

Citlalli Celeste González Ariceaga, Muhammad Inam Afzal, Muhammad Umer, Shabbar Abbas, Haroon Ahmad, Muhammad Sajjad, Fahed Parvaiz, Kaleem Imdad, Muhammad Imran, Abid Aslam Maan, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan, Azmat Ullah, Arturo Hernández-Montes, Eleazar Aguirre-Mandujano, Abraham Villegas De Gante, Muriel Jacquot, Catherine Cailliez-Grimal. Physicochemical, Sensorial and Microbiological Characterization of PoroCheese, an Artisanal Mexican Cheese Made from Raw Milk. Foods. 2019; 8 (10):509.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Citlalli Celeste González Ariceaga; Muhammad Inam Afzal; Muhammad Umer; Shabbar Abbas; Haroon Ahmad; Muhammad Sajjad; Fahed Parvaiz; Kaleem Imdad; Muhammad Imran; Abid Aslam Maan; Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan; Azmat Ullah; Arturo Hernández-Montes; Eleazar Aguirre-Mandujano; Abraham Villegas De Gante; Muriel Jacquot; Catherine Cailliez-Grimal. 2019. "Physicochemical, Sensorial and Microbiological Characterization of PoroCheese, an Artisanal Mexican Cheese Made from Raw Milk." Foods 8, no. 10: 509.

Journal article
Published: 05 May 2019 in Sustainability
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Diminishing water resources as a result of excessive use of water for irrigation and climate change posture a severe global threat to food security. Herein, an experiment was conducted to determine the selection criteria for drought-tolerant bread wheat genotypes at the seedling stage using morphological and photosynthetic pigmentation-related traits. A panel of 105 wheat landraces, historical Pakistani varieties, and advance breeding lines were evaluated under normal and drought stress using factorial completely randomized design. The root length, fresh weight, dry weight, cell membrane thermo-stability, and chlorophyll b were positively correlated among themselves under both normal and stress conditions. Hence, selection of any one of these traits enhances the performance of other traits. The shoot length was non-significant and negatively associated with all other studied characters except relative water content. The results suggested that selection for shoot length could not improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. Out of 10 principal components (PCs), the first three PCs were showed significant genetic variation under both conditions. The first three PCs showed 74.6% and 76% cumulative genetic variation under normal and drought conditions, respectively. Based on PCA, 10 drought-tolerant and five drought-susceptible genotypes were identified. Overall results suggested that selection for root length, fresh weight, dry weight, cell membrane thermo-stability, and chlorophyll b at the seedling stage would improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. The outperforming genotypes under drought stress conditions can be useful in future wheat breeding programs, and early selection for the traits recommended in this study will be effective for developing high-yielding and drought-tolerant wheat varieties.

ACS Style

Hafiz Ahmed; Muhammad Sajjad; Mingju Li; Muhammad Azmat; Muhammad Rizwan; Rana Maqsood; Sultan Khan. Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2584 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Ahmed, Muhammad Sajjad, Mingju Li, Muhammad Azmat, Muhammad Rizwan, Rana Maqsood, Sultan Khan. Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (9):2584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Ahmed; Muhammad Sajjad; Mingju Li; Muhammad Azmat; Muhammad Rizwan; Rana Maqsood; Sultan Khan. 2019. "Selection Criteria for Drought-Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage." Sustainability 11, no. 9: 2584.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2019 in PeerJ
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Cytokinins (CKs) are involved in determining the final grain yield in wheat. Multiple gene families are responsible for the controlled production of CKs in plants, including isopentenyl transferases for de novo synthesis, zeatin O-glucosyltransferases for reversible inactivation, β-glucosidases for reactivation, and CK oxidases/dehydrogenases for permanent degradation. Identifying and characterizing the genes of these families is an important step in furthering our understanding of CK metabolism. Using bioinformatics tools, we identified four new TaIPT, four new TaZOG, and 25 new TaGLU genes in common wheat. All of the genes harbored the characteristic conserved domains of their respective gene families. We renamed TaCKX genes on the basis of their true orthologs in rice and maize to remove inconsistencies in the nomenclature. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the early divergence of monocots from dicots, and the gene duplication event after speciation was obvious. Abscisic acid-, auxin-, salicylic acid-, sulfur-, drought- and light-responsive cis-regulatory elements were common to most of the genes under investigation. Expression profiling of CK metabolic gene families was carried out at the seedlings stage in AA genome donor of common wheat. Exogenous application of phytohormones (6-benzylaminopurine, salicylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid) for 3 h significantly upregulated the transcript levels of all four gene families, suggesting that plants tend to maintain CK stability. A 6-benzylaminopurine-specific maximum fold-change was observed for TuCKX1 and TuCKX3 in root and shoot tissues, respectively; however, the highest expression level was observed in the TuGLU gene family, indicating that the reactivation of the dormant CK isoform is the quickest way to counter external stress. The identification of new CK metabolic genes provides the foundation for their in-depth functional characterization and for elucidating their association with grain yield.

ACS Style

Muhammad Shoaib; Wenlong Yang; Qiangqiang Shan; Muhammad Sajjad; Aimin Zhang. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of new cytokinin metabolic genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PeerJ 2019, 7, e6300 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Shoaib, Wenlong Yang, Qiangqiang Shan, Muhammad Sajjad, Aimin Zhang. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of new cytokinin metabolic genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PeerJ. 2019; 7 ():e6300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Shoaib; Wenlong Yang; Qiangqiang Shan; Muhammad Sajjad; Aimin Zhang. 2019. "Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of new cytokinin metabolic genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." PeerJ 7, no. : e6300.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in ScienceAsia
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Mohamed A. Gad; Haoxing Li; Ashraful Alam; Muhammad Sajjad; Mingju Li. Geographical distribution and virulence phenotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from wheat in Yunnan, China. ScienceAsia 2019, 45, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohamed A. Gad, Haoxing Li, Ashraful Alam, Muhammad Sajjad, Mingju Li. Geographical distribution and virulence phenotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from wheat in Yunnan, China. ScienceAsia. 2019; 45 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed A. Gad; Haoxing Li; Ashraful Alam; Muhammad Sajjad; Mingju Li. 2019. "Geographical distribution and virulence phenotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from wheat in Yunnan, China." ScienceAsia 45, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Cytology and Genetics
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Precise assessment of diversity in available breeding germplasm helps to preempt epidemics and abrupt environmental changes. Spring wheat germplasm consisting of 84 accessions including cultivars, breeding lines and landraces from various origins was scanned with 44 SSRs. For allele frequencies, allelic patterns, heterozygosity and polymorphism the selected population was divided in three subpopulations: (i) pre-green revolution (pre-1965), (ii) post-green revolution (post-1965), (iii) post-veery (post-2000). Alleles produced in pre-1965, post-1965 and post-2000 subpopulations were 115, 144 and 131, respectively. Mean PIC values for pre-1965, post-1965 and post-2000 subpopulations were 0.48, 0.52 and 051, respectively. Allelic patterns showed no locally common alleles in any of the subpopulation. The pre-1965 subpopulation had also no private allele, however, average number of private alleles decreased from post-1965 to post-2000 subpopulation. In case of effective alleles and Shannon’s information index trend was increasing from pre-1965 to post-1965 and then decreasing from post-1965 to post-2000. The decreasing trend alarms the reduced genetic diversity in wheat varieties developed after 2000. PCA and cluster analysis didn’t clearly differentiated subpopulations, though pre-1965 genotypes showed higher genetic distance from post-1965 and post-2000 subpopulations. The decreasing measures of genetic diversity in post-2000 wheat genotypes should be a concern for wheat breeders, therefore, all sources of broadening genetic diversity should be exploited.

ACS Style

Muhammad Sajjad; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Munawar Shahzad. Patterns of Allelic Diversity in Spring Wheat Populations by SSR-Markers. Cytology and Genetics 2018, 52, 155 -160.

AMA Style

Muhammad Sajjad, Sultan Habibullah Khan, Munawar Shahzad. Patterns of Allelic Diversity in Spring Wheat Populations by SSR-Markers. Cytology and Genetics. 2018; 52 (2):155-160.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Sajjad; Sultan Habibullah Khan; Munawar Shahzad. 2018. "Patterns of Allelic Diversity in Spring Wheat Populations by SSR-Markers." Cytology and Genetics 52, no. 2: 155-160.