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Lin Ma
School of Banking & Finance, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China

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Journal article
Published: 29 August 2019 in Sustainability
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The development of the automobile maintenance industry less developed to satisfy the increasing demand for automobile maintenance service as the automobile manufacturing industry increased rapidly in China. This is not conducive to the sustainable development of the automobile industry. Besides the factors of market behavior that can affect the automobile industry structure, like an investment, operation structure or economic development stage, the structure is also influenced by government intervention. We investigated the unbalanced development of automobile structure from the perspective of government incentives, and provide a logical framework for analyzing the industrial policies on the automobile industry. We first established a two-sector theoretical model with government intervention, and we found that the governments’ GDP incentive induced the biased intervention policy. More preferential policies are given to enterprises of automobile manufacturing industries as they contribute more to intermediate goods and capital. The greater the government’s GDP incentive, the more biased the intervention will be. Then we test the differential impact of GDP incentive on tax avoidance of the two kinds of firms empirically. The empirical results show that GDP incentive of the government induced more preferential treatment to automobile manufacturing enterprises, and thus, increased their tax avoidance. This phenomenon is more significant in SOEs, larger firms and firms belong to local governments. Understanding the incentive and implementation of industrial policy can help us know the evolution of automobile industrial structure better, and then improve industrial policy better to promote the transformation and upgrading of automobile industrial structure.

ACS Style

Lin Ma; Qinchuan Du; Tian Wu. Government Intervention and Automobile Industry Structure: Theory and Evidence from China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4721 .

AMA Style

Lin Ma, Qinchuan Du, Tian Wu. Government Intervention and Automobile Industry Structure: Theory and Evidence from China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4721.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lin Ma; Qinchuan Du; Tian Wu. 2019. "Government Intervention and Automobile Industry Structure: Theory and Evidence from China." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4721.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2019 in Sustainability
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The growth of vehicle ownership not only brings opportunity for the economy, but also brings environment and transport problems, which is not good for sustainable transportation. It is of great significance to build supporting infrastructure and other services based on accurate forecasts of vehicle ownership in various provinces because of the variance of economic development stages, the carrying capacity of resources, and different degrees of transport planning in each province. We used the Gompertz model in order to predict China’s provincial vehicle ownership from 2018 to 2050. Considering the impact of the population structure, we summed up the growth rate of GDP per labor, the growth rate of population and the growth rate of employment rate to get the growth rate of GDP and then the GDP per capita of each province. We found that the vehicle ownership in each province will grow rapidly in the next 30 years; however, the change in the ranking of vehicle ownership among provinces varies. The ranking of some provinces with high or middle ranking now will decline in the following years, especially Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Xinjiang. While the ranking of some provinces that locates in the middle and low ranking now will increase, such as Chongqing, Hubei, Anhui, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangxi. We also investigate the reasons that affect the trend in each province and we find that the suitable vehicle growth pattern of each province, the stage of economic development and government policy, which are related to the growth rate of GDP per labor, employment rate, and GDP per capita, can affect vehicle ownership in the future.

ACS Style

Lin Ma; Manhua Wu; Xiujuan Tian; Guanheng Zheng; Qinchuan Du; Tian Wu. China’s Provincial Vehicle Ownership Forecast and Analysis of the Causes Influencing the Trend. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3928 .

AMA Style

Lin Ma, Manhua Wu, Xiujuan Tian, Guanheng Zheng, Qinchuan Du, Tian Wu. China’s Provincial Vehicle Ownership Forecast and Analysis of the Causes Influencing the Trend. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (14):3928.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lin Ma; Manhua Wu; Xiujuan Tian; Guanheng Zheng; Qinchuan Du; Tian Wu. 2019. "China’s Provincial Vehicle Ownership Forecast and Analysis of the Causes Influencing the Trend." Sustainability 11, no. 14: 3928.

Journal article
Published: 14 March 2019 in Sustainability
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The rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs) is conducive to clean transportation, which is an important aspect of sustainable infrastructure. However, the introduction of EVs is constrained by the lagging development of EV chargers. To optimally promote the development of charging stations, we analyzed the differences in the optimal quality and quantity of EV chargers between company-owned and franchised enterprises by constructing a theoretical model, and the changes in the quality and quantity of EV chargers in different market environments are discussed. We found that the total number of franchised charging stations was larger in general, but that the quality of the franchised charging stations was worse compared with the company-owned stations. The supervision cost, operation cost, and the investment return affect the quality and quantity of EV chargers. Although franchised structures are more conducive in the initial stage to increasing the number of charging stations to meet the needs of EVs, company-owned structures perform better and will be needed to improve the quality of the EV chargers as the market becomes more saturated, necessitating a higher quality of EV chargers.

ACS Style

Lin Ma; Yuefan Zhai; Tian Wu. Operating Charging Infrastructure in China to Achieve Sustainable Transportation: The Choice between Company-Owned and Franchised Structures. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1549 .

AMA Style

Lin Ma, Yuefan Zhai, Tian Wu. Operating Charging Infrastructure in China to Achieve Sustainable Transportation: The Choice between Company-Owned and Franchised Structures. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (6):1549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lin Ma; Yuefan Zhai; Tian Wu. 2019. "Operating Charging Infrastructure in China to Achieve Sustainable Transportation: The Choice between Company-Owned and Franchised Structures." Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1549.