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Prof. JOZEF GAŠPARÍK
Proffesor at the Slovak University of technology in Bratislava, BOD member of International Association on Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAAAR)

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Journal article
Published: 27 May 2021 in Journal of Building Engineering
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Negative effects of humidity in historic buildings can be considered as phenomenon that is perceptible on most of these constructions. Along with the problem of humidity, the salinity of wet walls can also be observed visually, that also in a large extent helps to destroy and gradually degrade particular structural elements and subsequently entire buildings. This article is going to describe the research dealing with the content of water-soluble salts and the degree of wetting on selected historical buildings in Slovakia. In the article are adduced the individual values of humidity measured at several places in the building and also describes the results of laboratory analyses of the amount of water-soluble salts in the investigated constructions. Subsequently, the article describes the technologies used in the rehabilitation of these structures and describes the effectiveness of these interventions against moisture, which are also presented by in situ measurements after the implementation of specific technologies.

ACS Style

Patrik Šťastný; Jozef Gašparík; Oto Makýš. Analysis of moisture and salinity of historical constructions before and after the application of REMEDIATIONS. Journal of Building Engineering 2021, 41, 102785 .

AMA Style

Patrik Šťastný, Jozef Gašparík, Oto Makýš. Analysis of moisture and salinity of historical constructions before and after the application of REMEDIATIONS. Journal of Building Engineering. 2021; 41 ():102785.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patrik Šťastný; Jozef Gašparík; Oto Makýš. 2021. "Analysis of moisture and salinity of historical constructions before and after the application of REMEDIATIONS." Journal of Building Engineering 41, no. : 102785.

Journal article
Published: 15 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The article focuses on the description of an innovative solution and application of active thermal protection of buildings using thermal insulation panels with active regulation of heat transfer in the form of a contact insulation system. The thermal insulation panels are part of a prefabricated lightweight outer shell, which together with the low-temperature heating and high-temperature cooling system creates an indoor environment. The energy source is usually renewable energy sources or technological waste heat. Research and development of an innovative facade system with active thermal protection is in the phase of computer simulations and preparation of laboratory measurements of thermal insulation panels with various combinations of energy functions. In the article we present theoretical assumptions, calculation procedure and parametric study of three basic design solutions of combined energy wall systems in the function of low-temperature radiant heating and high-temperature radiant cooling.

ACS Style

Daniel Kalús; Jozef Gašparík; Peter Janík; Matej Kubica; Patrik Šťastný. Innovative Building Technology Implemented into Facades with Active Thermal Protection. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4438 .

AMA Style

Daniel Kalús, Jozef Gašparík, Peter Janík, Matej Kubica, Patrik Šťastný. Innovative Building Technology Implemented into Facades with Active Thermal Protection. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4438.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Kalús; Jozef Gašparík; Peter Janík; Matej Kubica; Patrik Šťastný. 2021. "Innovative Building Technology Implemented into Facades with Active Thermal Protection." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4438.

Conference paper
Published: 10 December 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Moisture and its negative effects on monuments are a widespread problem that needs to be tackled especially to save historical buildings. The moistening of objects, whether historical or new, is not only part of our climate zone, but can be attributed to a global character, as evidenced by a number of publications and research on the issue of water logging of buildings that date back to 1892. It is not only a threat to the preservation but also the functionality of historical structures, because it is responsible for reducing the mechanical performance of the masonry, as the presence of water in the pores of the building material negatively affects the tensile strength and also the compressive strength. It also causes degradation of these materials, which can be constantly exposed to cyclic freezing and subsequent thawing, biodegradation and migration and subsequent crystallization of salts. Moisture also contributes to increasing the thermal conductivity of these constructions, resulting in high energy consumption for heating. Last but not least, we can associate various respiratory diseases of people living in this environment with moisture. Due to the serious effects associated with rising damp in the masonry, water capillarity is rightly considered a key factor in the protection of heritage. The origin of moisture can be attributed to several facts, but in the present research we focused mainly on rising damp and its negative impact on historical structures. The paper will summarize the results obtained so far and conclusions from various authors investigating the technology of additional impermeable layers. Subsequently, we will analyze and describe the obtained measurement results before and after the use of undercutting technology on two specific historical buildings in Slovakia. All the research and measurements were carried out in situ, which helped us to achieve objective results, the outcome of which is this work. The measured values show a significant drying of the structure above the plane cut and a positive effect on the repaired structure. The research also encourages further investigation of moisture acting mainly below the level of new insulation and its impact on masonry.

ACS Style

Jozef Gašparík; Patrik Šťastný; Oto Makýš. Technology of Additional Impermeable Layers and Its Use in Restoring of Historical Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020, 960, 022102 .

AMA Style

Jozef Gašparík, Patrik Šťastný, Oto Makýš. Technology of Additional Impermeable Layers and Its Use in Restoring of Historical Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020; 960 (2):022102.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jozef Gašparík; Patrik Šťastný; Oto Makýš. 2020. "Technology of Additional Impermeable Layers and Its Use in Restoring of Historical Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 960, no. 2: 022102.

Conference paper
Published: 10 December 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The moisture affects all materials on the earth surface, but we have developed a specific sensitivity toward moistening of architectural heritage buildings. Water in construction materials and on their surface influences partially their technical state like their stability, but usually not that much as people can think. Unwanted moisture is usually dangerous at very soft construction materials, like clay bricks. But especially the water soluble salts, the water transports through the masonry, can act as a very dangerous destructive material, influencing destructively especially surface plasters. And in the case of historical wall paintings are the losses on cultural heritage invaluable. To deal with moisture effectively we can use some specific technologies, but the most effective ones have a specific destructive influence on the historical construction material. And this is the point of conflict between technical and methodical points of view. So the basic scientific questions in this field can be such ones: are the destructive technologies for fighting moisture in historic masonry really effective? And are they to be accepted also methodically?

ACS Style

Oto Makýš; Jozef Gašparík; Patrik Šťastný. Contradiction of Methodical and Technological Points of Views on Moisture Fighting Technologies On Walls of Architectural Heritage Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020, 960, 022103 .

AMA Style

Oto Makýš, Jozef Gašparík, Patrik Šťastný. Contradiction of Methodical and Technological Points of Views on Moisture Fighting Technologies On Walls of Architectural Heritage Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020; 960 (2):022103.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oto Makýš; Jozef Gašparík; Patrik Šťastný. 2020. "Contradiction of Methodical and Technological Points of Views on Moisture Fighting Technologies On Walls of Architectural Heritage Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 960, no. 2: 022103.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2020 in Sustainability
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As several studies and authors have already proved, the curing of fresh concrete affects the development of its strength and volume changes, which goes hand in hand with the durability and service life of concrete structure. Several studies concerning internal curing (IC) have also been published. They were dedicated to identifying the action of IC by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), especially for mixes with low w/c ratios. Some studies have presented various approaches for the design of mixes with IC. Some discrepancies between conventional designs and reality have been identified. A significant one is the calculation of water losses. The initial (conventional) approach defined water losses based on Menzel’s equation. However, in reality, it is valid for only the first few hours. As water losses are essential to an appropriate design of IC, we will demonstrate in this paper the effect of IC on the development of changes in the volume and strength of cement-based composites. Both parameters come into mutual interaction during actual construction and affect the internal stresses of the structure/matrix, which may lead to the formation and development of cracks. The general goal is to mitigate cracks and, thus, prolong the concrete’s service life, which may be achieved by controlling the development of changes in volume along with the development of strength, e.g., by IC.

ACS Style

Peter Briatka; Peter Makýš; Jozef Gašparík. A Prolongation of the Service Life of Cement-Based Composites by Controlling the Development of Their Strength and Volume Changes. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8479 .

AMA Style

Peter Briatka, Peter Makýš, Jozef Gašparík. A Prolongation of the Service Life of Cement-Based Composites by Controlling the Development of Their Strength and Volume Changes. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8479.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Briatka; Peter Makýš; Jozef Gašparík. 2020. "A Prolongation of the Service Life of Cement-Based Composites by Controlling the Development of Their Strength and Volume Changes." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8479.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2020 in Buildings
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The aim of each investor is to procure the construction work in an efficient and economical way. This goal can be achieved by managing costs from the beginning of the investment process. It is necessary to determine the estimated price of the construction work in all phases of the investment process and not to underestimate the importance of this activity. It is almost a rule that the contractor or investor does not allow sufficient time for the contractor to prepare the construction for good quality, which may lead to insufficient preparation. The consequences of poor construction preparation vary from poorly built construction to litigation over the lost profits of the contractor—and this is the topic we discuss in this paper. The issue of asserting lost profits on the contract by the contractor is the subject of legal disputes between the contractor and the customer of construction work. In such cases, the question becomes the design of a methodology suitable for its calculation. The article deals with the presentation of the existing methods of loss of profit calculation, two of which are applied to the example of litigation from construction practice, with the definition of their results and differences.

ACS Style

Radovan Majer; Helena Ellingerová; Jozef Gašparík. Methods for the Calculation of the Lost Profit in Construction Contracts. Buildings 2020, 10, 74 .

AMA Style

Radovan Majer, Helena Ellingerová, Jozef Gašparík. Methods for the Calculation of the Lost Profit in Construction Contracts. Buildings. 2020; 10 (4):74.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radovan Majer; Helena Ellingerová; Jozef Gašparík. 2020. "Methods for the Calculation of the Lost Profit in Construction Contracts." Buildings 10, no. 4: 74.