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Dr. Allah Ditta
Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Upper Dir Pakistan

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0 Bioremediation
0 Heavy Metals
0 Nanotechnology
0 Plant Nutrition
0 Soil Science

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Heavy Metals
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
Nanotechnology
Abiotic Stresses
Plant Nutrition
Plant nutrition and soil health
Bioremediation

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Project

Project Goal: This Special Issue will focus on the use of sustainable approaches for plant conservation under emerging pollutant stress. Due to urbanization and industrialization, various emerging pollutants have come to the attention of researchers around the world. These pollutants include heavy metals, antibiotics, personal care products, pesticides, microplastics, and various others. These pollutants have detrimental effects on the growth, physiological, and biochemical parameters of plants. Various studies have reported the use of organic and inorganic amendments to protect plants under the abovementioned abiotic stresses. However, these testimonials are mostly under controlled conditions. In addition, elucidation of mechanistic coping approaches are lacking in the recent literature. Therefore, the present Special Issue will focus on the integrated novel approaches (biological, physical, and chemical) used for plant conservation under emerging pollutants. Moreover, the Special Issue will also include studies involving mechanistic elucidation of approaches used to cope with these stresses and under natural conditions. Co-contamination is a recent emerging issue which needs special attention. Reports on sustainable integrated approaches involving the abatement of co-contamination are also of interest for this Special Issue. https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability/special_issues/Plant_Conservation_Emerging_Pollutants

Starting Date:11 January 2021

Current Stage: heavy metals antibiotic stress organic amendments heavy metal-resistant PGPR bioremediation phytoremediation biofertilizers nanomaterials biochar zeolites integrated approaches to combat different pollutants personal care products pesticides microplastics plastic-degrading bacteria

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Review
Published: 26 June 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Fungi are vital to numerous industrial and household processes, especially producing cheeses, beer, wine, and bread, and they are accountable for breaking down organic matter. The remarkable medicinal and nutritional values of the mushrooms have increased their consumption. Agaricus bisporus belongs to the Agaricaceae family, and it is a top-ranked cultivated mushroom that is well known for its edibility. A. bisporus is rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates, amino acids, fats, and minerals and has potential anticancer, antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammation properties. The bioactive compounds extracted from this mushroom can be used for the treatment of several common human diseases including cancer, bacterial and fungal infections, diabetes, heart disorder, and skin problems. A. bisporus has opened new horizons for the world to explore mushrooms as far as their culinary and medicinal values are concerned. In recent years, tyrosinase and ergothioneine have been extracted from this mushroom, which has made this mushroom worth considering more for nutritional and medicinal purposes. To emphasize various aspects of A. bisporus, a comprehensive review highlighting the nutritional, medicinal, and cosmetic values and finding out the research gaps is presented. In this way, it would be possible to improve the quality and quantity of bioactive compounds in A. bisporus, ultimately contributing to the discovery of new drugs and the responsible mechanisms. In the present review, we summarize the latest advancements regarding the nutritional, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic properties of A. bisporus. Moreover, research gaps with future research directions are also discussed.

ACS Style

Muhammad Usman; Ghulam Murtaza; Allah Ditta. Nutritional, Medicinal, and Cosmetic Value of Bioactive Compounds in Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus): A Review. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5943 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Usman, Ghulam Murtaza, Allah Ditta. Nutritional, Medicinal, and Cosmetic Value of Bioactive Compounds in Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus): A Review. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (13):5943.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Usman; Ghulam Murtaza; Allah Ditta. 2021. "Nutritional, Medicinal, and Cosmetic Value of Bioactive Compounds in Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus): A Review." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13: 5943.

Research article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The construction projects and activities generate waste materials, which impose negative impacts on the environment and contribute towards environmental degradation. In this regard, the implementation of environmental practices (EPs) can play a vital role in reducing the environmental risks associated with waste materials from construction projects. Based on this hypothesis, the present survey study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of different EPs in reducing environmental risks associated with waste materials from construction firms (n = 159) operating in Pakistan. Organizational and government support, regulatory pressure, and economic and environmental performance were among the main determinants of EPs studied in the present study. The partial least squares technique was used for the data collection, assessment, and prediction of the results based on the hypothesis testing for a range of determinants. Compose reliability analysis of determinants showed that all items gave a value of 0.7, which is a clear indication of the reliability of each determinant in the formation of the hypothesis. From all eight hypotheses, H1 (0.475), H4 (0.217), H6 (0.114), H7 (0.210), and H8 (0.149) hypotheses with size effect in parentheses were acceptable due to their positive construction with EPs, while H2, H3, and H5 hypothesis did not show the significant effect with size effect values lower than 0.1. The study demonstrated that current environmental regulations and governing bodies in Pakistan are not sufficiently effective and strict to implement environmental regulations. In this regard, regulatory pressure is necessary to promote EPs along with increasing stakeholders’ awareness. Overall, the implementation of EPs not only prepares construction firms to deal with the pressure exerted by regulations and customers but also enhances the environmental and economic performance of construction firms.

ACS Style

Ahsan Riaz Khan; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Sajid Mehmood; Zheng MaoSheng; Maryam Natalia. Determinants and implications of environmental practices for waste management and the minimization in the construction industry: a case study of Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Ahsan Riaz Khan, Allah Ditta, Muhammad Sajid Mehmood, Zheng MaoSheng, Maryam Natalia. Determinants and implications of environmental practices for waste management and the minimization in the construction industry: a case study of Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahsan Riaz Khan; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Sajid Mehmood; Zheng MaoSheng; Maryam Natalia. 2021. "Determinants and implications of environmental practices for waste management and the minimization in the construction industry: a case study of Pakistan." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-11.

Review
Published: 01 June 2021 in Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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The present review highlights the recent advancements regarding the use of biochar for the management of nutrient impoverished and metal contaminated soils. It includes a detailed discussion on the preparation, applications, and prospects of biochar for sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability. Biochar is a sensible and robust material for the enhancement of soil fertility and management of contaminated soils for sustainable agriculture and mitigation of climate change. The properties of biochar are dependent on the type of feedstocks, pyrolysis temperature, residence/retention time, flow rate of gas, and modification characteristics of biochar. The use of biochar can improve the physicochemical and biological properties of soil, which results in enhanced crop growth and productivity under normal conditions, as well as in soils that pose abiotic stresses because of the presence of heavy metals, salt, or organic contaminants. Biochar remains unaltered in the soil for a long time, thereby contributing to soil organic carbon, mitigation of greenhouse gases, and ultimately contributing to the mitigation of climate change. The proposed research guidelines recommend prolonged field trials to assess the ecological impacts of biochar in soil, as well as its production, with the aim of increasing agricultural and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the related processes can be effectively deliberated for exploiting the overall efficacy of the biochar modifications.

ACS Style

Ghulam Murtaza; Allah Ditta; Naseer Ullah; Muhammad Usman; Zeeshan Ahmed. Biochar for the Management of Nutrient Impoverished and Metal Contaminated Soils: Preparation, Applications, and Prospects. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2021, 1 -23.

AMA Style

Ghulam Murtaza, Allah Ditta, Naseer Ullah, Muhammad Usman, Zeeshan Ahmed. Biochar for the Management of Nutrient Impoverished and Metal Contaminated Soils: Preparation, Applications, and Prospects. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 2021; ():1-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghulam Murtaza; Allah Ditta; Naseer Ullah; Muhammad Usman; Zeeshan Ahmed. 2021. "Biochar for the Management of Nutrient Impoverished and Metal Contaminated Soils: Preparation, Applications, and Prospects." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition , no. : 1-23.

Original paper
Published: 29 May 2021 in Arabian Journal of Geosciences
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Silicon (Si) is a beneficial nutrient and is known for imparting resistance to many of the abiotic and biotic stresses in crop plants. A pot experiment was conducted in wire house to elucidate the effect of exogenous Si on growth, physiological, and biochemical activities in wheat at different phenological stages (seedling, vegetative, and maturity) under cadmium (Cd) stress. Surface sterilized seeds of Ujala-2016 wheat cultivar were sown in plastic pots. Foliar applied Si (3mM) inform of in the form of Si-NPs used in the present experiment under control (−Cd) and Cd stress (25mg/kg soil) conditions. Plants were harvested after 14 days of foliar spray at different phenological stages. The experimental treatments were arranged in completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment. Cadmium stress caused significant reduction in biomass production, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein (TSP), free amino acids (FAA), total soluble sugar (TSS), and phenolic contents, whereas increase of antioxidant enzymes activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), reducing sugar (RS), and proline contents as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and electrolyte leakage (EL) was recorded. Foliar application of Si-NPs significantly improved the growth, photosynthetic pigments, levels of flavonoids, TSP, phenolics, FAA, proline, TSS, activities of APX, CAT, POD, and SOD enzymes. The oxidative damage measured in the form of endogenous levels of H2O2 and MDA was reduced in plants treated with exogenous application of Si. Further, Si application increased mineral ions in controlled and Cd-stressed plants and significantly reduced the Cd uptake. In short, this study revealed that foliar spray of Si alleviates the adverse effect of Cd on wheat by enhancing growth, metabolite accumulation, strengthening antioxidant defense system, reducing oxidative injury, improving plant nutrient status, and decreasing the Cd uptake.

ACS Style

Sumaira Thind; Iqbal Hussain; Rizwan Rasheed; Muhammad Arslan Ashraf; Abida Perveen; Allah Ditta; Saddam Hussain; Nighat Khalil; Zahid Ullah; Qaisar Mahmood. Alleviation of cadmium stress by silicon nanoparticles during different phenological stages of Ujala wheat variety. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2021, 14, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Sumaira Thind, Iqbal Hussain, Rizwan Rasheed, Muhammad Arslan Ashraf, Abida Perveen, Allah Ditta, Saddam Hussain, Nighat Khalil, Zahid Ullah, Qaisar Mahmood. Alleviation of cadmium stress by silicon nanoparticles during different phenological stages of Ujala wheat variety. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2021; 14 (11):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sumaira Thind; Iqbal Hussain; Rizwan Rasheed; Muhammad Arslan Ashraf; Abida Perveen; Allah Ditta; Saddam Hussain; Nighat Khalil; Zahid Ullah; Qaisar Mahmood. 2021. "Alleviation of cadmium stress by silicon nanoparticles during different phenological stages of Ujala wheat variety." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14, no. 11: 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Zinc (Zn) is critical for the activity of many enzymes including involved photosynthetic CO2 fixation and indirectly involved in the production of growth hormones and internode elongation in crop plants. In this regard, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative effectiveness of the Zn blended, Zn coated and bio-activated Zn coated urea on the growth, physiological, yield, and quality of wheat. Three types of urea were prepared including bio-activated Zn coated, Zn coated and Zn blended urea. The bio-activated Zn coated urea was prepared by inoculating the powdered organic material with Zn solubilizing bacterium (Bacillus sp. AZ6) and then this material was mixed with ZnO. This bioactive Zn was coated on urea at the rate to formulate 1.5% bio-activated Zn coated urea. Moreover, Zn blended urea was prepared by mixing powder ZnO with urea while Zn coated urea with 1.5% Zn was prepared by mixing ZnO and urea under proper moisture conditions to ensure proper coating. In results, growth parameters were significantly increased with the application of bio-activated Zn coated urea as compared to other urea formulations and the control. The same treatment caused the maximum increase in quality parameters like oil contents (55%), protein (30%), and N concentration (30%) as compared to the control. In conclusion, the application of 1.5% bio-activated Zn coated urea was highly effective in enhancing the growth, physiological, yield, and quality parameters of wheat.

ACS Style

Qudsia Nazir; Xiukang Wang; Azhar Hussain; Allah Ditta; Ayesha Aimen; Ifra Saleem; Muhammad Naveed; Tariq Aziz; Adnan Mustafa; Nalun Panpluem. Variation in Growth, Physiology, Yield, and Quality of Wheat under the Application of Different Zinc Coated Formulations. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 4797 .

AMA Style

Qudsia Nazir, Xiukang Wang, Azhar Hussain, Allah Ditta, Ayesha Aimen, Ifra Saleem, Muhammad Naveed, Tariq Aziz, Adnan Mustafa, Nalun Panpluem. Variation in Growth, Physiology, Yield, and Quality of Wheat under the Application of Different Zinc Coated Formulations. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (11):4797.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qudsia Nazir; Xiukang Wang; Azhar Hussain; Allah Ditta; Ayesha Aimen; Ifra Saleem; Muhammad Naveed; Tariq Aziz; Adnan Mustafa; Nalun Panpluem. 2021. "Variation in Growth, Physiology, Yield, and Quality of Wheat under the Application of Different Zinc Coated Formulations." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11: 4797.

Review
Published: 08 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution is a major abiotic stress, which reduces plant growth and affects food quality by entering the food chain, and ultimately poses hazards to human health. Currently, the use of slag in PTE-contaminated soils has been reported to reduce PTEs and toxicity in plants. This review highlights the role of slag used as a fertilizer for better crop production and sustainable agricultural development. The application of slag increased the growth, yield, and quality of crops under PTE toxicity. The mechanisms followed by slag are the immobilization of PTEs in the soil, enhancement of soil pH, changes in the redox state of PTEs, and positive changes in soil physicochemical and biological properties under PTE toxicity. Nevertheless, these processes are influenced by the plant species, growth conditions, imposition length of stress, and type of slag used. The current review provides an insight into improving plant tolerance to PTE toxicity by slag-based fertilizer application and highlights the theoretical basis for applying slag in PTE-contaminated environments worldwide.

ACS Style

Sajid Mehmood; Xiukang Wang; Waqas Ahmed; Muhammad Imtiaz; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Rizwan; Sana Irshad; Saqib Bashir; Qudsia Saeed; Adnan Mustafa; Weidong Li. Removal Mechanisms of Slag against Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil and Plants for Sustainable Agriculture Development: A Critical Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5255 .

AMA Style

Sajid Mehmood, Xiukang Wang, Waqas Ahmed, Muhammad Imtiaz, Allah Ditta, Muhammad Rizwan, Sana Irshad, Saqib Bashir, Qudsia Saeed, Adnan Mustafa, Weidong Li. Removal Mechanisms of Slag against Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil and Plants for Sustainable Agriculture Development: A Critical Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5255.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sajid Mehmood; Xiukang Wang; Waqas Ahmed; Muhammad Imtiaz; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Rizwan; Sana Irshad; Saqib Bashir; Qudsia Saeed; Adnan Mustafa; Weidong Li. 2021. "Removal Mechanisms of Slag against Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil and Plants for Sustainable Agriculture Development: A Critical Review." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5255.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Water
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The present work reports the assessment of the effectiveness of a foliar-spray of salicylic acid (SA) on growth attributes, biochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and osmolytes accumulation in wheat grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stressed (60% field capacity) conditions. The total available water (TAW), calculated for a rooting depth of 1.65 m was 8.45 inches and readily available water (RAW), considering a depletion factor of 0.55, was 4.65 inches. The water contents corresponding to 100 and 60% field capacity were 5.70 and 1.66 inches, respectively. For this purpose, seeds of two wheat cultivars (Fsd-2008 and S-24) were grown in pots subjected to water stress. Water stress at 60% field capacity markedly reduced the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins (TSP) and total phenolic contents (TPC) compared with control. However, cv. Fsd-2008 was recorded as strongly drought-tolerant and performed better compared to cv. S-24, which was moderately drought tolerant. However, water stress enhanced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and membrane electrolyte leakage (EL) and modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) contents. Foliar-spray with salicylic acid (SA; 0, 3 mM and 6 mM) effectively mitigated the adverse effects of water stress on both cultivars. SA application at 6 mM enhanced the shoot and root length, as well as their fresh and dry weights, and improved photosynthetic pigments. SA foliage application further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and phenolics contents. However, foliar-spray of SA reduced MDA, H2O2 and membrane permeability in both cultivars under stress conditions. The results of the present study suggest that foliar-spray of salicylic acid was effective in increasing the tolerance of wheat plants under drought stress in terms of growth attributes, antioxidant defense mechanisms, accumulation of osmolytes, and by reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.

ACS Style

Abida Parveen; Muhammad Arslan Ashraf; Iqbal Hussain; Shagufta Perveen; Rizwan Rasheed; Qaisar Mahmood; Shahid Hussain; Allah Ditta; Abeer Hashem; Al-Bandari Al-Arjani; Abdulaziz Alqarawi; Elsayed Abd Allah. Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid. Water 2021, 13, 1316 .

AMA Style

Abida Parveen, Muhammad Arslan Ashraf, Iqbal Hussain, Shagufta Perveen, Rizwan Rasheed, Qaisar Mahmood, Shahid Hussain, Allah Ditta, Abeer Hashem, Al-Bandari Al-Arjani, Abdulaziz Alqarawi, Elsayed Abd Allah. Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid. Water. 2021; 13 (9):1316.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abida Parveen; Muhammad Arslan Ashraf; Iqbal Hussain; Shagufta Perveen; Rizwan Rasheed; Qaisar Mahmood; Shahid Hussain; Allah Ditta; Abeer Hashem; Al-Bandari Al-Arjani; Abdulaziz Alqarawi; Elsayed Abd Allah. 2021. "Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid." Water 13, no. 9: 1316.

Review
Published: 02 May 2021 in Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
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Plants are sessile organisms, frequently face unfavourable growth conditions such as drought, salinity, chilling, freezing and high‐temperature stresses, inhibiting growth and development, and ultimately reducing crop productivity. Among these stresses, drought stress has been a major challenge for sustainable crop production and a hot area of research under the current climate change scenario. Organic amendments such as biochar (BC) and compost along with plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could be a sustainable strategy to improve crop growth and productivity under drought stress environment. There are several reports about compost, BC, and PGPR application as a single or combined treatment to enhance crop productivity under drought stress. Compost and BC act as conditioners to improve soil physicochemical and biological properties thereby enhancing water holding capacity (WHC) and nutrient retention and availability to the plants. Both BC and compost also serve as carbon sources and suitable environment for PGPR and endogenous microbes to enhance their growth promotion activities under drought stress. PGPR alleviate drought stress via ACC‐deaminase and P‐solubilizing activities, production of phytohormones, secretion of organic acids, acting as biocontrol agents,etc. In the present review, the individual and combined effect of compost, BC, and PGPR to alleviate drought stress in plants has been critically summarized. Moreover, research gaps and future research directions have been identified and discussed in depth.

ACS Style

Naseer Ullah; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Imtiaz; Xiaomin Li; Amin Ullah Jan; Sajid Mehmood; Muhammad Shahid Rizwan. Appraisal for organic amendments and plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria to enhance crop productivity under drought stress: A review. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Naseer Ullah, Allah Ditta, Muhammad Imtiaz, Xiaomin Li, Amin Ullah Jan, Sajid Mehmood, Muhammad Shahid Rizwan. Appraisal for organic amendments and plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria to enhance crop productivity under drought stress: A review. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naseer Ullah; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Imtiaz; Xiaomin Li; Amin Ullah Jan; Sajid Mehmood; Muhammad Shahid Rizwan. 2021. "Appraisal for organic amendments and plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria to enhance crop productivity under drought stress: A review." Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach that can be used for the remediation of metals in polluted soil. This study used a hedge plant–calico (Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson) to determine the role of citric acid in lead (Pb) phytoremediation by exposing it to different concentrations of Pb (0, 200, 500, and 1000 mg kg−1) as well as in a combination with citric acid concentration (0, 250, 500 µM). The analysis of variance was applied on results for significant effects of the independent variables on the dependent variables using SPSS (ver10). According to the results, maximum Pb concentration was measured in the upper parts of the plant. An increase in dry weight biomass, plant growth parameters, and photosynthetic contents was observed with the increase of Pb application (200 mg kg−1) in soil while a reduced growth was experienced at higher Pb concentration (1000 mg kg−1). The antioxidant enzymatic activities like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were enhanced under lower Pb concentration (200, 500 mg kg−1), whereas the reduction occurred at greater metal concentration Pb (1000 mg kg−1). There was a usual reduction in electrolyte leakage (EL) at lower Pb concentration (200, 500 mg kg−1), whereas EL increased at maximum Pb concentration (1000 mg kg−1). We concluded that this hedge plant, A. Bettzickiana, has the greater ability to remediate polluted soils aided with citric acid application.

ACS Style

Urooj Kanwal; Muhammad Ibrahim; Farhat Abbas; Muhammad Yamin; Fariha Jabeen; Anam Shahzadi; Aitazaz Farooque; Muhammad Imtiaz; Allah Ditta; Shafaqat Ali. Phytoextraction of Lead Using a Hedge Plant [Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson]: Physiological and Biochemical Alterations through Bioresource Management. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5074 .

AMA Style

Urooj Kanwal, Muhammad Ibrahim, Farhat Abbas, Muhammad Yamin, Fariha Jabeen, Anam Shahzadi, Aitazaz Farooque, Muhammad Imtiaz, Allah Ditta, Shafaqat Ali. Phytoextraction of Lead Using a Hedge Plant [Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson]: Physiological and Biochemical Alterations through Bioresource Management. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5074.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Urooj Kanwal; Muhammad Ibrahim; Farhat Abbas; Muhammad Yamin; Fariha Jabeen; Anam Shahzadi; Aitazaz Farooque; Muhammad Imtiaz; Allah Ditta; Shafaqat Ali. 2021. "Phytoextraction of Lead Using a Hedge Plant [Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson]: Physiological and Biochemical Alterations through Bioresource Management." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5074.

Research article
Published: 19 April 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Soil contamination with readily soluble salts and heavy metals is a major challenge concerning sustainable crop production. The use of organic wastes in agriculture not only helps in waste reduction but also acts as a soil conditioner and bio-stimulant for enhancing crop growth. In this regard, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of raw and processed animal manure (AM) on the growth, yield, and physicochemical parameters of Brassica napus L. developed under salinity and Ni stress. The experiment comprised two salinity levels (1.05 and 8 dS m−1), two Ni levels (0 and 50 mg kg−1), and two types of AMs (raw and processed at a rate of 2% w/w). A control treatment without AM incorporation was also included. In results, the application of AM markedly increased the growth and yield of B. napus under Ni and salinity stress; at the same time, it improved the physiological and chemical parameters of the said crop. Similarly, incorporation of processed AM significantly improved nutrient uptake and decreased Na/K ratios in the shoot and grain under the different stress conditions, as compared to the control. Likewise, Ni uptake in the grain, shoot, and root samples was also significantly reduced under the AM treatment. Also, the application of AM significantly reduced the daily intake of metal (DIM) index and the health risk index (HRI) values under the different stress conditions, as compared to the control. In conclusion, the application of processed AM constitutes an effective agricultural strategy to alleviate the adverse effects of Ni and salinity stress on growth, physiology, and yield of B. napus, thus resulting in enhanced productivity, as well as reduced risks associated with human health.

ACS Style

Muhammad Naveed; Allah Ditta; Maryum Ahmad; Adnan Mustafa; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Manuel Conde-Cid; Shermeen Tahir; Syed Atizaz Ali Shah; Muhammad Mohsin Abrar; Shah Fahad. Processed animal manure improves morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of Brassica napus L. under nickel and salinity stress. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 45629 -45645.

AMA Style

Muhammad Naveed, Allah Ditta, Maryum Ahmad, Adnan Mustafa, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Manuel Conde-Cid, Shermeen Tahir, Syed Atizaz Ali Shah, Muhammad Mohsin Abrar, Shah Fahad. Processed animal manure improves morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of Brassica napus L. under nickel and salinity stress. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (33):45629-45645.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Naveed; Allah Ditta; Maryum Ahmad; Adnan Mustafa; Zulfiqar Ahmad; Manuel Conde-Cid; Shermeen Tahir; Syed Atizaz Ali Shah; Muhammad Mohsin Abrar; Shah Fahad. 2021. "Processed animal manure improves morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of Brassica napus L. under nickel and salinity stress." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 33: 45629-45645.

Research article
Published: 08 April 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Soil pollution due to potentially toxic elements is a worldwide challenge for health and food security. Chelate-assisted phytoextraction along with the application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) could increase the phytoremediation efficiency of metal-contaminated soils. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different PGRs [Gibberellic acid (GA3) and indole acetic acid (IAA)] and synthetic chelator (EDTA) on growth parameters and Cd phytoextraction potential of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants grown under Cd-spiked soil. GA3 (10−7 M) and IAA (10−5 M) were applied four times with an interval of 10 days through a foliar spray, while EDTA (40 mg kg−1 soil) was once added to the soil. The results showed that Cd stress significantly decreased fresh biomass, dry biomass, total water contents, and photosynthetic pigments as compared to control. Application of PGRs significantly enhanced plant growth and Cd phytoextraction. The combined application of GA3 and IAA with EDTA significantly increased Cd accumulation (6.72 mg pot−1 dry biomass) and bioconcentration factor (15.21) as compared to C1 (Cd only). The same treatment significantly increased chlorophyll, proline, phenolic contents, and antioxidant activities (CAT, SOD, and POD) while MDA contents were reduced. In roots, Cd accumulation showed a statistically significant and positive correlation with proline, phenolics, fresh biomass, and dry biomass. Similarly, Cd accumulation showed a positive correlation with antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves. D. ambrosioides showed hyperaccumulation potential for Cd, based on bioconcentration factor (BCF) > 1. In conclusion, exogenous application of GA3 and IAA reduces Cd stress while EDTA application enhances Cd phytoextraction and ultimately the phytoremediation potential of D. ambrosioides.

ACS Style

Amin Ullah Jan; Fazal Hadi; Abdullah Shah; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Asif Nawaz; Muhammad Tariq. Plant growth regulators and EDTA improve phytoremediation potential and antioxidant response of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants in a Cd-spiked soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 43417 -43430.

AMA Style

Amin Ullah Jan, Fazal Hadi, Abdullah Shah, Allah Ditta, Muhammad Asif Nawaz, Muhammad Tariq. Plant growth regulators and EDTA improve phytoremediation potential and antioxidant response of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants in a Cd-spiked soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (32):43417-43430.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amin Ullah Jan; Fazal Hadi; Abdullah Shah; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Asif Nawaz; Muhammad Tariq. 2021. "Plant growth regulators and EDTA improve phytoremediation potential and antioxidant response of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants in a Cd-spiked soil." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 32: 43417-43430.

Chapter
Published: 03 April 2021 in Harsh Environment and Plant Resilience
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To feed the burgeoning human population, there is dire need to enhance the crops yield. Limited crop production is the result of many biotic and abiotic stress factors. One of the most important factors causing a reduction in crop yield is drought stress. It adversely affects the physiological attributes of crop plants along with a disturbance in biochemistry which ultimately results in yield reduction. Several physicochemical strategies have been recommended by researchers to enhance water stress tolerance among crop plants. These practices are costly and energy-, and labor-intensive. However, biological approaches can be a less expensive, efficient, and ecofriendly strategy to cope with drought stress. Developing varieties with more tolerance against abiotic stresses is a very lengthy process. However, it would be imperative to get benefit from living tiny creatures (rhizobacteria) found in the vicinity of plant roots, that is, rhizosphere. The ability of rhizosphere bacteria to tolerate drought conditions can be used as an effective tool for plant–microbe interactions under drought and or water stress. This chapter highlights the role of rhizobacteria in enhancing drought stress tolerance among crop plants, their mechanisms of action, and prospects.

ACS Style

Hafiz Tanvir Ahmad; Azhar Hussain; Ayesha Aimen; Muhammad Usman Jamshaid; Allah Ditta; Hafiz Naeem Asghar; Zahir Ahmad Zahir. Improving Resilience Against Drought Stress Among Crop Plants Through Inoculation of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Harsh Environment and Plant Resilience 2021, 387 -408.

AMA Style

Hafiz Tanvir Ahmad, Azhar Hussain, Ayesha Aimen, Muhammad Usman Jamshaid, Allah Ditta, Hafiz Naeem Asghar, Zahir Ahmad Zahir. Improving Resilience Against Drought Stress Among Crop Plants Through Inoculation of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Harsh Environment and Plant Resilience. 2021; ():387-408.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Tanvir Ahmad; Azhar Hussain; Ayesha Aimen; Muhammad Usman Jamshaid; Allah Ditta; Hafiz Naeem Asghar; Zahir Ahmad Zahir. 2021. "Improving Resilience Against Drought Stress Among Crop Plants Through Inoculation of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria." Harsh Environment and Plant Resilience , no. : 387-408.

Research article
Published: 18 March 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Salinity harms crop productivity; thereby, the management of salt-affected soils is a prerequisite to obtaining optimum crop yields and achieving UN-SDGs. The application of bio-organic amendments is an eco-friendly and cost-effective technique for the management of salt-affected soils. Therefore, this study examined the effect of salt-tolerant Bacillus subtilis strain Y16 and biogas slurry (BGS) on growth, physiology, and yield of sunflower under salt-affected soil conditions. Three levels of soil salinity (original electrical conductivity (EC): 3 dS m−1; induced EC: 6 dS m−1 and 8 dS m−1) were evaluated against three levels of BGS (0 kg ha−1, 600 kg ha−1, and 800 kg ha−1) with and without bacterial inoculation. Soil salinity (EC = 8 dS m−1) significantly (P < 0.05) increased Na+ contents (86%), which significantly (P < 0.05) reduced growth (17–56%), physiology (39–53%), and yield (58%) of sunflower. However, the combined application of BGS and B. subtilis alleviated salt stress and significantly (P < 0.05) improved sunflower growth (11–179%), physiology (10–84%), and yield (106%). The correlation analysis showed the superiority of B. subtilis for inducing salt-stress tolerance in sunflower as compared to BGS through homeostasis of K+/Na+ ratio. The tolerance indices and heat map analysis revealed an increased salt-stress tolerance in sunflower by the synergistic application of BGS and B. subtilis at original (3 dS m−1) and induced (6 dS m−1) soil salinity. Based on the results, we conclude that the combined application of B. subtilis and BGS enhanced growth and yield of sunflower by improving physiological processes and adjustment of K+/Na+ ratio in shoot under moderate salt-stress soil conditions.

ACS Style

Samina Hamid; Iftikhar Ahmad; Muhammad Javed Akhtar; Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal; Muhammad Shakir; Muhammad Tahir; Atta Rasool; Annum Sattar; Mahreen Khalid; Allah Ditta; Bo Zhu. Bacillus subtilis Y16 and biogas slurry enhanced potassium to sodium ratio and physiology of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to mitigate salt stress. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 38637 -38647.

AMA Style

Samina Hamid, Iftikhar Ahmad, Muhammad Javed Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal, Muhammad Shakir, Muhammad Tahir, Atta Rasool, Annum Sattar, Mahreen Khalid, Allah Ditta, Bo Zhu. Bacillus subtilis Y16 and biogas slurry enhanced potassium to sodium ratio and physiology of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to mitigate salt stress. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (29):38637-38647.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samina Hamid; Iftikhar Ahmad; Muhammad Javed Akhtar; Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal; Muhammad Shakir; Muhammad Tahir; Atta Rasool; Annum Sattar; Mahreen Khalid; Allah Ditta; Bo Zhu. 2021. "Bacillus subtilis Y16 and biogas slurry enhanced potassium to sodium ratio and physiology of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to mitigate salt stress." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 29: 38637-38647.

Review
Published: 14 February 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Arsenic (As) bioremediation has been an economical and sustainable approach, being practiced widely under several As-contaminated environments. Bioremediation of As involves the use of bacteria, fungi, yeast, plants, and genetically modified organisms for detoxification/removal of As from the contaminated site. The understanding of multi-factorial biological components involved in these approaches is complex and more and more efforts are on their way to make As bioremediation economical and efficient. In this regard, we systematically reviewed the recent literature (n=200) from the last two decades regarding As bioremediation potential of conventional and recent technologies including genetically modified plants for phytoremediation and integrated approaches. Also, the responsible mechanisms behind different approaches have been identified. From the literature, it was found that As bioremediation through biosorption, bioaccumulation, phytoextraction, and volatilization involving As-resistant microbes has proved a very successful technology. However, there are various pathways of As tolerance of which the mechanisms have not been fully understood. Recently, phytosuction separation technology has been introduced and needs further exploration. Also, integrated approaches like phytobial, constructed wetlands using As-resistant bacteria with plant growth–promoting activities have not been extensively studied. It is speculated that the integrated bioremediation approaches with practical applicability and reliability would prove most promising for As remediation. Further technological advancements would help explore the identified research gaps in different approaches and lead us toward sustainability and perfection in As bioremediation.

ACS Style

Sana Irshad; Zuoming Xie; Sajid Mehmood; Asad Nawaz; Allah Ditta; Qaisar Mahmood. Insights into conventional and recent technologies for arsenic bioremediation: A systematic review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 18870 -18892.

AMA Style

Sana Irshad, Zuoming Xie, Sajid Mehmood, Asad Nawaz, Allah Ditta, Qaisar Mahmood. Insights into conventional and recent technologies for arsenic bioremediation: A systematic review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (15):18870-18892.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sana Irshad; Zuoming Xie; Sajid Mehmood; Asad Nawaz; Allah Ditta; Qaisar Mahmood. 2021. "Insights into conventional and recent technologies for arsenic bioremediation: A systematic review." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 15: 18870-18892.

Review
Published: 12 January 2021 in Journal of Plant Nutrition
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Biochar is a carbonic recalcitrant product of biomass which is produced by pyrolysis process. In fact, biochar application has the potential to improve soil properties and crop productivity for long term scenarios compared to many other organic amendments. In this review we have tried to explore the role of biochar in the modification of soil properties (physical, chemical and biological), relevant effects of these changes on crop productivity and its future prospects and challenges by considering the existing literature. Addition of biochar as soil amendment has significantly influenced the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Biochar application reduces the bulk density of soil, increased microbial activity, pH level and water holding capacity; but it varied according to soil texture. Furthermore, increase in soil porosity and infiltration rate has also been observed due to biochar addition. Simultaneously, biochar addition sometimes could have negative impacts on soil properties that appear in the form of crop productivity loss. This study will provide a clear picture about the role of biochar in modifying soil properties and its beneficial impacts on crop growth and yield.

ACS Style

Ghulam Murtaza; Zeeshan Ahmed; Muhammad Usman; Waseem Tariq; Zia Ullah; Muhammad Shareef; Hassan Iqbal; Muhammad Waqas; Akash Tariq; Yufeng Wu; Zhihao Zhang; Allah Ditta. Biochar induced modifications in soil properties and its impacts on crop growth and production. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2021, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Ghulam Murtaza, Zeeshan Ahmed, Muhammad Usman, Waseem Tariq, Zia Ullah, Muhammad Shareef, Hassan Iqbal, Muhammad Waqas, Akash Tariq, Yufeng Wu, Zhihao Zhang, Allah Ditta. Biochar induced modifications in soil properties and its impacts on crop growth and production. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2021; ():1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghulam Murtaza; Zeeshan Ahmed; Muhammad Usman; Waseem Tariq; Zia Ullah; Muhammad Shareef; Hassan Iqbal; Muhammad Waqas; Akash Tariq; Yufeng Wu; Zhihao Zhang; Allah Ditta. 2021. "Biochar induced modifications in soil properties and its impacts on crop growth and production." Journal of Plant Nutrition , no. : 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2020 in Geoderma
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Soil contamination with heavy metals has become a global environmental-health concern. A series of greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of rice straw, rice straw derived biochar (BC), multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and single superphosphate (SSP) on immobilization of Pb and Cu via sequential extraction of BCR, total characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP), and metals phytoavailability to rapeseed in Pb and Cu spiked soil. Moreover, the residual effect of applied soil amendments on growth and uptake of Pb and Cu in tomato was also investigated in the metals spiked soil. In results, the addition of BC to Pb and Cu spiked soil proved the most effective amendment in modifying the distribution pattern of Pb and Cu from acid-soluble (less bioavailable) to residual fraction (non-toxic), thereby improving the geochemical stability of contaminated soil. The application of BC (6% w/w) reduced the uptake of Pb and Cu in shoot and root by 46 and 36%, and 77 and 58%, respectively. While investigating the residual impact in tomato, the uptake was decreased by 36 and 66% for Pb and 29 and 61% for Cu in shoot and root samples, respectively. With the application of BC (6% w/w), the concentrations of Pb and Cu in the shoot portion of tomato were below the permissible limits as set by the world health organization. The application of SSP was more effective in reducing TCLP-Pb to 0.2 mg L−1 in metals spiked soil compared to the other amendments. However, the bioavailability of Cu was increased with increasing SSP addition. In conclusion, the application of BC was more effective in reducing Pb and Cu phytoavailability through immobilization in contaminated soil compared to the other organic and inorganic amendments.

ACS Style

Muhammad Shahid Rizwan; Muhammad Imtiaz; Jun Zhu; Balal Yousaf; Mubshar Hussain; Liaqat Ali; Allah Ditta; M. Zahid Ihsan; Guoyong Huang; Muhammad Ashraf; Hongqing Hu. Immobilization of Pb and Cu by organic and inorganic amendments in contaminated soil. Geoderma 2020, 385, 114803 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Shahid Rizwan, Muhammad Imtiaz, Jun Zhu, Balal Yousaf, Mubshar Hussain, Liaqat Ali, Allah Ditta, M. Zahid Ihsan, Guoyong Huang, Muhammad Ashraf, Hongqing Hu. Immobilization of Pb and Cu by organic and inorganic amendments in contaminated soil. Geoderma. 2020; 385 ():114803.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Shahid Rizwan; Muhammad Imtiaz; Jun Zhu; Balal Yousaf; Mubshar Hussain; Liaqat Ali; Allah Ditta; M. Zahid Ihsan; Guoyong Huang; Muhammad Ashraf; Hongqing Hu. 2020. "Immobilization of Pb and Cu by organic and inorganic amendments in contaminated soil." Geoderma 385, no. : 114803.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Nickel (Ni) bioavailable fraction in the soil is of utmost importance because of its involvement in plant growth and environmental feedbacks. High concentrations of Ni in the soil environment, especially in the root zone, may retard plant growth that ultimately results in reduced plant biomass and yield. However, endophytic microorganisms have great potential to reduce the toxicity of Ni, especially when applied together with zeolite. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of an endophytic bacterium Caulobacter sp. MN13 in combination with zeolite on the physiology, growth, quality, and yield of sesame plant under normal and Ni stressed soil conditions through possible reduction of Ni uptake. Surface sterilized sesame seeds were sown in pots filled with artificially Ni contaminated soil amended with zeolite. Results revealed that plant agronomic attributes such as shoot root dry weight, total number of pods, and 1000-grains weight were increased by 41, 45, 54, and 65%, respectively, over control treatment, with combined application of bacteria and zeolite in Ni contaminated soil. In comparison to control, the gaseous exchange parameters (CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal- sub-stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and vapor pressure) were significantly enhanced by co-application of bacteria and zeolite ranging from 20 to 49% under Ni stress. Moreover, the combined utilization of bacteria and zeolite considerably improved water relations of sesame plant, in terms of relative water content (RWC) and relative membrane permeability (RMP) along with improvement in biochemical components (protein, ash, crude fiber, fat), and micronutrients in normal as well as in Ni contaminated soil. Moreover, the same treatment modulated the Ni-stress in plants through improvement in antioxidant enzymes (AEs) activities along with improved Ni concentration in the soil and different plant tissues. Correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) further revealed that combined application of metal-tolerant bacterium Caulobacter sp. MN13 and zeolite is the most influential strategy in alleviating Ni-induced stress and subsequent improvement in growth, yield, and physio-biochemical attributes of sesame plant.

ACS Style

Muhammad Naveed; Syeda Sosan Bukhari; Adnan Mustafa; Allah Ditta; Saud Alamri; Mohamed A. El-Esawi; Munazza Rafique; Sobia Ashraf; Manzer H. Siddiqui. Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8859 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Naveed, Syeda Sosan Bukhari, Adnan Mustafa, Allah Ditta, Saud Alamri, Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Munazza Rafique, Sobia Ashraf, Manzer H. Siddiqui. Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (23):8859.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Naveed; Syeda Sosan Bukhari; Adnan Mustafa; Allah Ditta; Saud Alamri; Mohamed A. El-Esawi; Munazza Rafique; Sobia Ashraf; Manzer H. Siddiqui. 2020. "Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23: 8859.

Article
Published: 25 November 2020 in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
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Heavy metal (HM) contamination in agricultural soils has been a significant health concern worldwide due to their persistent and non-biodegradable nature and biomagnification to higher trophic levels. The present study was conducted to assess Cd and Pb concentrations in soil samples collected from potato-growing areas in Thall, Dir-Kohistan, and to determine their associated health and ecological risks. The contamination factor calculated for Cd (0 to 1.74) and Pb (0 to 0.91) showed their moderate to low contamination in the study area. Geo-accumulation indices of Cd and Pb were less than 1, indicating moderate soil pollution of these HM in the study area. However, the ecological risk factor (Eri) of Cd was greater than 40 for only three soil samples, indicating the moderate potential of ecological risks of respective soils. The principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation suggested that the contamination in different soils was lithogenic followed by anthropogenic activities. The hazard quotient (HQ) in children and adults was found in the following order: dermal > ingestion > inhalation. Moreover, the values of HQ through various exposure routes were higher in children compared to adults, which showed that adults were at a lower level of risk associated with HM contamination. The results of the present study can serve as baseline data for government agencies related to environmental protection, which could devise policies to minimize Cd and Pb contamination in the agricultural soils.

ACS Style

Irshad Ullah; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Imtiaz; Sajid Mehmood; Muhammad Shahid Rizwan; Amin Ullah Jan; Iftikhar Ahmad. Assessment of health and ecological risks of heavy metal contamination: a case study of agricultural soils in Thall, Dir-Kohistan. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2020, 192, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Irshad Ullah, Allah Ditta, Muhammad Imtiaz, Sajid Mehmood, Muhammad Shahid Rizwan, Amin Ullah Jan, Iftikhar Ahmad. Assessment of health and ecological risks of heavy metal contamination: a case study of agricultural soils in Thall, Dir-Kohistan. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2020; 192 (12):1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irshad Ullah; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Imtiaz; Sajid Mehmood; Muhammad Shahid Rizwan; Amin Ullah Jan; Iftikhar Ahmad. 2020. "Assessment of health and ecological risks of heavy metal contamination: a case study of agricultural soils in Thall, Dir-Kohistan." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192, no. 12: 1-19.

Original paper
Published: 12 September 2020 in Arabian Journal of Geosciences
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The proper design and successful construction of engineered structures require determination of the engineering properties of the soil. These properties, however, are conventionally determined in the laboratory using soil samples collected from the construction site. The collection of soil samples is generally an expensive and time-consuming activity, while the extraction of an undisturbed soil sample is difficult. Furthermore, there are wide variations in the temporal and spatial properties of soil and their accurate evaluation requires high-density sampling. Recently, electric resistivity surveying has attracted much attention. It is commonly applied in the analysis of engineering sites, as it is rapid, cost-effective, and non-destructive. Based on this hypothesis, electrical resistivity was measured at four boreholes in the areas surrounding the University of Peshawar using standard methods of resistivity survey, i.e., Schlumberger electrode configuration. The resistivity data that was obtained by vertical electrical sounding (VES) from the fieldwork was correlated with geotechnical data obtained through the analysis of soil samples in the laboratory. Electrical resistivity had an inverse relationship with gravimetric moisture content and cohesion, with the highest regression coefficients observed in the case of GYM-UAP and Girls’ Hostel-UAP (R2 = 0.97 and 0.96) boreholes, respectively. Moreover, electrical resistivity had a significant linear correlation with the angle of internal friction and standard penetration test-N (SPT-N) values, with the highest regression coefficient of GYM-UAP (R2 = 0.99) and Girls’ Hostel-UAP (R2 = 0.95), respectively. In conclusion, the obtained relationships between electrical resistivity and different geotechnical properties could be adopted for the assessment of geotechnical properties of soils, especially when many samples are difficult to obtain.

ACS Style

Ihtisham Islam; Waqas Ahmed; Mehboob Ur Rashid; Azmat Ullah Orakzai; Allah Ditta. Geophysical and geotechnical characterization of shallow subsurface soil: a case study of University of Peshawar and surrounding areas. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2020, 13, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Ihtisham Islam, Waqas Ahmed, Mehboob Ur Rashid, Azmat Ullah Orakzai, Allah Ditta. Geophysical and geotechnical characterization of shallow subsurface soil: a case study of University of Peshawar and surrounding areas. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2020; 13 (18):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ihtisham Islam; Waqas Ahmed; Mehboob Ur Rashid; Azmat Ullah Orakzai; Allah Ditta. 2020. "Geophysical and geotechnical characterization of shallow subsurface soil: a case study of University of Peshawar and surrounding areas." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 13, no. 18: 1-10.