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I am a medical biotechnologist interested in the area of mycotoxins with more than three years of experience on cancer research studies. I am experienced in cell cultures and molecular biology techniques. Very enthusiastic and motivated for gaining new knowledge.
For years, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been perceived as a system whose role is to primarily modulate the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Years of research into the role of RAS have provided the necessary data to confirm that the role of RAS is very complex and not limited to the cardiovascular system. The presence of individual elements of the renin-angiotensin (RA) system allows to control many processes, ranging from the memorization to pro-cancer processes. Maintaining the proportions between the individual axes of the RA system allows for achieving a balance, often called homeostasis. Thus, any disturbance in the expression or activity of individual RAS elements leads to pathophysiological processes.
Maksymilian Ziaja; Kinga Urbanek; Karolina Kowalska; Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. Angiotensin II and Angiotensin Receptors 1 and 2—Multifunctional System in Cells Biology, What Do We Know? Cells 2021, 10, 381 .
AMA StyleMaksymilian Ziaja, Kinga Urbanek, Karolina Kowalska, Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. Angiotensin II and Angiotensin Receptors 1 and 2—Multifunctional System in Cells Biology, What Do We Know? Cells. 2021; 10 (2):381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaksymilian Ziaja; Kinga Urbanek; Karolina Kowalska; Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2021. "Angiotensin II and Angiotensin Receptors 1 and 2—Multifunctional System in Cells Biology, What Do We Know?" Cells 10, no. 2: 381.
Mycotoxins are present in everyday diet as common food and feed pollutants. A part of them is still concerned as so-called emerging mycotoxins. Due to the lack of toxicity data, the safety limits and detail molecular mechanism have been not established yet for all of them. Alternariol (AOH), as one of these mycotoxins, produced by Alternaria species, is so far reported as an estrogenic, genotoxic, and immunomodulatory agent; however, its direct effect on human health is not known. Especially, in the case of hormone-dependent tissues which are sensitive to both endogenic, as well as external estrogenic agents, it might be crucial to assess the effect of AOH. Thus, this study evaluated how exposure to AOH affects viability and motility of the human normal mammary gland epithelial in vitro model. We observed that AOH significantly affects viability of cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M cell cycle phase was observed. The motility of 184A1 cells was also significantly affected. On the molecular level, AOH induced antioxidative stress response via activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway agents, as well as decrease in the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and p44/42 (ERK 1-2) molecules, indicating that AOH might affect crucial signaling pathways in both physiological and pathophysiological processes in breast tissue.
Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Marta Justyna Kozieł; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Mycotoxin Alternariol (AOH) Affects Viability and Motility of Mammary Breast Epithelial Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 696 .
AMA StyleKarolina Kowalska, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Marta Justyna Kozieł, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Kamila Domińska, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Mycotoxin Alternariol (AOH) Affects Viability and Motility of Mammary Breast Epithelial Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (2):696.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Marta Justyna Kozieł; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2021. "Mycotoxin Alternariol (AOH) Affects Viability and Motility of Mammary Breast Epithelial Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2: 696.
The local renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of the prostate, including cancer development and progression. The Ang-(1-9) and Ang-(3-7) are the less known active peptides of RAS. This study examines the influence of these two peptide hormones on the metabolic activity, proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. Significant changes in MTT dye reduction were observed depending on the type of angiotensin and its concentration as well as time of incubation. Ang-(1-9) did not regulate the 2D cell division of either prostate cancer lines however, it reduced the size of LNCaP colonies formed in soft agar, maybe through down-regulation of the HIF1a gene. Ang-(3-7) increased the number of PC3 cells in the S phase and improved anchorage-independent growth as well as mobility. In this case, a significant increase in MKI67, BIRC5, and CDH-1 gene expression was also observed as well as all members of the NF-kB family. Furthermore, we speculate that this peptide can repress the proliferation of LNCaP cells by NOS3-mediated G2/M cell cycle arrest. No changes in expression of BIRC5 and BCL2/BAX ratio were observed but a decrease mRNA proapoptotic BAD gene was seen. In the both lines, Ang-(3-7) improved ROCK1 gene expression however, increased VEGF and NOS3 mRNA was only seen in the PC3 or LNCaP cells, respectively. Interestingly, it appears that Ang-(1-9) and Ang-(3-7) can modulate the level of steroidogenic enzymes responsible for converting cholesterol to testosterone in both prostate cancer lines. Furthermore, in PC3 cells, Ang-(1-9) upregulated AR expression while Ang-(3-7) upregulated the expression of both estrogen receptor genes. Ang-(1-9) and Ang-(3-7) can impact on biological properties of prostate cancer cells by modulating inflammatory and steroidogenesis pathway genes, among others.
Kamila Domińska; Karolina Kowalska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Tomasz Ochędalski; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska Ciesielska. The Impact of Ang-(1-9) and Ang-(3-7) on the Biological Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells by Modulation of Inflammatory and Steroidogenesis Pathway Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 6227 .
AMA StyleKamila Domińska, Karolina Kowalska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Tomasz Ochędalski, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska Ciesielska. The Impact of Ang-(1-9) and Ang-(3-7) on the Biological Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells by Modulation of Inflammatory and Steroidogenesis Pathway Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (17):6227.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamila Domińska; Karolina Kowalska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Tomasz Ochędalski; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska Ciesielska. 2020. "The Impact of Ang-(1-9) and Ang-(3-7) on the Biological Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells by Modulation of Inflammatory and Steroidogenesis Pathway Genes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 17: 6227.
Background Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a commonly used diet supplement believed to decrease the inflammation in joints and fastens recovery in osteoarthritis, gastric mucosal injury, or obesity-related disorders. It was also suggested that MSM might play a beneficial role in cancer treatment. Purpose So far, the MSM might have a potentially beneficial effect in endometrial cancer (EC) treatment. Study design This study evaluated the effect and usefulness of MSM in combinatory therapy with known drug doxorubicin (DOX). Methods The effect of combinational treatment of MSM and DOX on the induction of apoptosis was evaluated in EC cell lines (ISHIKAWA, MFE-296, MFE-280). Results We observed that MSM itself induces apoptosis in EC cell lines, and pre-treatment with MSM for 24 h increases the sensitivity of EC cells to DOX-induced apoptosis and DNA damage and that effect might be regulated by p42/44 (Erk1/2) MAPK and Akt (protein kinase B). Conclusion These results for the first time show that MSM might act as a sensitizer of EC cells to known drugs, for which EC cells quickly acquire resistance.
Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Dominika Kurczewska; Kamila Domińska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Methylsulfonylmethane sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to doxorubicin. Cell Biology and Toxicology 2020, 37, 261 -275.
AMA StyleKarolina Kowalska, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Dominika Kurczewska, Kamila Domińska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Methylsulfonylmethane sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to doxorubicin. Cell Biology and Toxicology. 2020; 37 (2):261-275.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Dominika Kurczewska; Kamila Domińska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2020. "Methylsulfonylmethane sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to doxorubicin." Cell Biology and Toxicology 37, no. 2: 261-275.
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) is commonly expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and is associated with increased proliferation, metastases and androgen independence. Zearalenone (ZEA) is one of the most common mycotoxins contaminating food, which might mimic estrogens and bind to estrogen receptors (ERs). The ratio of androgens to estrogens in men decreases physiologically with age, and is believed to participate in prostate carcinogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the role of NFκB and ERβ in the induction of oxidative stress in human PCa cells by ZEA. As observed, ZEA at a dose of 30 µM induces oxidative stress in PCa cells associated with DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest. We also observed that the inhibition of ERβ and NFΚB via specific inhibitors (PHTPP and BAY 117082) significantly increased ZEA-induced oxidative stress, although the mechanism seems to be different for androgen-dependent and androgen-independent cells. Based on our findings, it is possible that the activation of ERβ and NFΚB in PCa might protect cancer cells from ZEA-induced oxidative stress. We therefore shed new light on the mechanism of ZEA toxicity in human cells.
Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kamila Domińska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. ERβ and NFκB—Modulators of Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Toxins 2020, 12, 199 .
AMA StyleKarolina Kowalska, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Kamila Domińska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. ERβ and NFκB—Modulators of Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Toxins. 2020; 12 (3):199.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kamila Domińska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2020. "ERβ and NFκB—Modulators of Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Prostate Cancer Cells." Toxins 12, no. 3: 199.
Deoxynivalenol (DON), known as vomitoxin, a type B trichothecene, is produced by Fusarium. DON frequently contaminates cereal grains such as wheat, maize, oats, barley, rye, and rice. At the molecular level, it induces ribosomal stress, inflammation and apoptosis in eukaryotic cells. Our findings indicate that DON modulates the viability of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and that the response to a single high dose of DON is dependent on the androgen-sensitivity of cells. DON appears to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cells, induces DNA damage, and triggers apoptosis. The effects of DON application in PCa cells are influenced by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NFΚB- HIF-1α signaling pathways. Our results indicate that p53 is a crucial factor in DON-associated apoptosis in PCa cells. Taken together, our findings show that a single exposure to high concentrations of DON (2-5 µM) modulates the progression of PCa.
Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Karolina Kowalska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agata Sakowicz; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells. Toxins 2019, 11, 265 .
AMA StyleDominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Karolina Kowalska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Kamila Domińska, Agata Sakowicz, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells. Toxins. 2019; 11 (5):265.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Karolina Kowalska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agata Sakowicz; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2019. "Deoxynivalenol Modulates the Viability, ROS Production and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells." Toxins 11, no. 5: 265.
Zearalenone (ZEA) - a fungal mycotoxin is reported to both cause the oxidative stress associated with death of cells as well as induction of the proliferation of cells, depending on its concentration and the type of cells. ZEA due to its structural similarity to naturally occurring estrogens is able to bind to estrogen receptors and triggers estrogen-associated signaling pathways. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the induction of oxidative stress in normal epithelial prostate PNT1A cells is associated with estrogenic activity of ZEA. We observed that ZEA-induced oxidative stress in PNT1A cells is associated with a decrease in the oxidative stress defense enzymes expression, cell cycle arrest in G2/M cell cycle phase as well as the decreased migration of cells. The results also suggest that the observed effect might be associated with the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB)- hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) signaling pathway. The usage of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) selective antagonist 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-phenol PHTPP showed that ERβ activity is able to decrease the ZEA-induced oxidative stress, but is not enough to counteract it, indicating that ZEA-induced oxidative stress is only partially associated with estrogenic activity of ZEA.
Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agata Sakowicz; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Estrogen receptor β plays a protective role in zearalenone-induced oxidative stress in normal prostate epithelial cells. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2019, 172, 504 -513.
AMA StyleKarolina Kowalska, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Kamila Domińska, Agata Sakowicz, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Estrogen receptor β plays a protective role in zearalenone-induced oxidative stress in normal prostate epithelial cells. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2019; 172 ():504-513.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agata Sakowicz; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2019. "Estrogen receptor β plays a protective role in zearalenone-induced oxidative stress in normal prostate epithelial cells." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 172, no. : 504-513.
Angiotensin 1–7 (Ang1–7) is an endogenous bioactive component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In addition to its cardiovascular properties, its anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic traits are believed to play important roles in carcinogenesis. The present study examines the influence of Ang1–7 on processes associated with development and progression of prostate cancer cells. Our findings indicate that while Ang1–7 (1 nM; 48 h) can effectively reduce cell proliferation in DU-145, it can induce a significant decrease in the expression of MKI67 in LNCaP. In both cell lines we also observed a reduction in colony size in soft agar assay. A various changes in gene expression were noted after exposure to Ang1–7: those of anti- and pro-apoptotic agents and the NF-kB family of transcription factors, as well as mesenchymal cell markers and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). In addition, Ang1–7 was found to modulate cell adhesion and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) activity. Changes were also observed in the levels of angiotensin receptors and sex steroid hormone receptors. Ang1–7 reduced the levels of estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) and increased the expression of estrogen receptor beta gene (ESR2) in all prostate cancer cells; it also up-regulated androgen receptor (AR) expression in androgen-sensitive cells but contradictory effect was observed in androgen- irresponsive cell lines. In summary, the results confirm the existence of complex network between the various elements of the local RAS and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of prostate cancerogenesis. The response of cancer cells to Ang1–7 appears to vary dependently on the dose and time of incubation as well as the aggressiveness and the hormonal status of cells.
Kamila Domińska; Piotr Okła; Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Urbanek; Tomasz Ochędalski; Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. Angiotensin 1–7 modulates molecular and cellular processes central to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 1 -12.
AMA StyleKamila Domińska, Piotr Okła, Karolina Kowalska, Dominika Habrowska-Górczyńska, Kinga Urbanek, Tomasz Ochędalski, Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. Angiotensin 1–7 modulates molecular and cellular processes central to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamila Domińska; Piotr Okła; Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Urbanek; Tomasz Ochędalski; Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2018. "Angiotensin 1–7 modulates molecular and cellular processes central to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 1-12.
A major challenge in the management of prostate cancer (PC) is to limit tumor growth and metastases. Targeted therapies applying natural compounds might be potentially useful in PC treatment. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), also known as organic sulfur, is a dietary supplement used for various clinical purposes, mostly known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the effect of MSM on PC cells LNCaP, PC3 and DU-145, which represent different in vitro models of PC. We observed that MSM decreases the viability and invasiveness of PC cells through the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 cell cycle phase. Moreover, MSM in a low dose (200 mM) is able to reduce the migration and invasion of PC cells. Considering the low overall body toxicity and insignificant side effects of MSM, its apoptosis-inducing properties might be used in PC treatment in the future.
Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kamila Domińska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Methylsulfonylmethane (organic sulfur) induces apoptosis and decreases invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 2018, 64, 101 -111.
AMA StyleKarolina Kowalska, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Kamila Domińska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Methylsulfonylmethane (organic sulfur) induces apoptosis and decreases invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2018; 64 ():101-111.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kamila Domińska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2018. "Methylsulfonylmethane (organic sulfur) induces apoptosis and decreases invasiveness of prostate cancer cells." Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 64, no. : 101-111.
The ACE2/Ang1-7/MAS axis was involved in the cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis of many types of reproductive tissues. The research was conducted on prostate epithelial cells, immortalized by Simian Virus 40. We examined the influence of Ang 1–7 on biological properties of PNT1A cells after 24- or 48-h treatment. The employed selective antagonists of angiotensin receptors allowed evaluation of the receptor mediating Ang1-7 action. Our data clearly indicate that Ang1-7 can decrease cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of PNT1A cells via inactivation of PI3K axis and modulation of expression of the NF-kB gene family. Furthermore, it counteracts oxidant stress and inflammation in prostate cells by inhibition of VEGF expression and MMPs activation as well as by modulating the level of ERα and ERβ. On the other hand, this heptapeptide can promote cell survival by alteration of expression of anti- and pro-apoptotic members as well as compensatory up-regulation of AR expression. Summary, the results confirm the existence of a complicated dependence networks between the various elements of the local RAS and steroid hormone receptor pathways in prostate gland. Furthermore, shows the chances of using ACE2/Ang1-7/MAS pathway as a novel therapeutic target in prevention and treatment of prostate diseases.
Kamila Domińska; Piotr Okła; Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Urbanek; Tomasz Ochędalski; Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. Influence and mechanism of Angiotensin 1-7 on biological properties of normal prostate epithelial cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2018, 502, 152 -159.
AMA StyleKamila Domińska, Piotr Okła, Karolina Kowalska, Dominika Habrowska-Górczyńska, Kinga Urbanek, Tomasz Ochędalski, Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. Influence and mechanism of Angiotensin 1-7 on biological properties of normal prostate epithelial cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2018; 502 (1):152-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamila Domińska; Piotr Okła; Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Urbanek; Tomasz Ochędalski; Agnieszka Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2018. "Influence and mechanism of Angiotensin 1-7 on biological properties of normal prostate epithelial cells." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 502, no. 1: 152-159.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type B trichothecene, produced by the Fusarium species. Exposure to DON might cause disruptive effects such as reduced weight gain, neuroendocrine changes and immune modulation in animals (rats, dogs, pigs). There is huge concern that similar effects can be observed in humans. DON is a potential regulator of intracellular steroidogenesis. It is also possible that DON will be involved in the regulation of miRNAs connected with steroidogenesis. This review summarizes the latest knowledge about the influence of DON on steroidogenesis and human hormonal balance.
Kinga Anna Urbanek; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Karolina Kowalska; Anna Stańczyk; Kamila Domińska; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Deoxynivalenol as potential modulator of human steroidogenesis. Journal of Applied Toxicology 2018, 38, 1450 -1459.
AMA StyleKinga Anna Urbanek, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Karolina Kowalska, Anna Stańczyk, Kamila Domińska, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Deoxynivalenol as potential modulator of human steroidogenesis. Journal of Applied Toxicology. 2018; 38 (12):1450-1459.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKinga Anna Urbanek; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Karolina Kowalska; Anna Stańczyk; Kamila Domińska; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2018. "Deoxynivalenol as potential modulator of human steroidogenesis." Journal of Applied Toxicology 38, no. 12: 1450-1459.
Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin produced in the genus Fusarium, binds to estrogen receptors (ER) and is therefore regarded as an endocrine disruptor. ZEA has also been found to modulate the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. This study evaluates whether the effect of a low dose of ZEA (0.1 and 0.001 nM) on the invasion and migration of prostate cancer cell line PC3 is associated with ERs expression. The invasion and migration was evaluated by modified Boyden chamber assay, scratch assay, gelatin zymography, Real Time qPCR (RTqPCR) and Western blot. The involvement of ERs was evaluated with the selective ER antagonists: estrogen receptor α (ERα) antagonist 1,3-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy) phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) antagonist 4-[2–phenyl-5,7–bis (trifluoromethyl) pyrazolo [1,5-a]-pyrimidin-3-yl] phenol (PHTPP). ZEA was found to modulate cell motility dependent on estrogen receptors, particularly ERα. Increased cell migration and invasion were associated with increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity as well as the up-regulation of the EMT-associated genes vimentin (VIM), zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/2) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFβ1). In conclusion, ZEA might modulate the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells dependently on ERα expression.
Karolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Estrogen Receptor α Is Crucial in Zearalenone-Induced Invasion and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells. Toxins 2018, 10, 98 .
AMA StyleKarolina Kowalska, Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska, Kinga Anna Urbanek, Kamila Domińska, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. Estrogen Receptor α Is Crucial in Zearalenone-Induced Invasion and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells. Toxins. 2018; 10 (3):98.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kowalska; Dominika Ewa Habrowska-Górczyńska; Kinga Anna Urbanek; Kamila Domińska; Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska. 2018. "Estrogen Receptor α Is Crucial in Zearalenone-Induced Invasion and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells." Toxins 10, no. 3: 98.