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Dr. Seungyub Lee
Korea University

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0 Asset Management
0 Energy Management
0 Optimization
0 Resilience
0 Sustainability

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Resilience
Sustainability
water distribution system analysis
Optimization
Asset Management

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Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
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This study investigates the effect of applying scenario-based phase designs for isolation valve installation by developing an optimal multiphase valve design model while previous research focused on the single-phase design approach. During the design period, scenarios such as demand change, pipe breakage, and pipe age were considered. The model was applied to a medium-sized water distribution network, and optimal valve locations and installation timing for both single-phase and multiphase designs were determined. For the single-phase design, all valve locations were determined by forecasting changes in the future, while for the multiphase design, valves are added at the start of each phase. The results show that the single-phase design approach is more reliable and has fewer shortages than the multiphase design approach; however, the latter enables the determination of the valve installation locations based on need (e.g., the demand and changes in the pipe roughness and breakage probability). Further, cost and energy analyses show that the multiphase approach provides benefits such as low maintenance/operation costs.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Donghwi Jung. Accounting for Phasing of Isolation Valve Installation in Water Distribution Networks. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2021, 147, 06021007 .

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Donghwi Jung. Accounting for Phasing of Isolation Valve Installation in Water Distribution Networks. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 2021; 147 (7):06021007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Donghwi Jung. 2021. "Accounting for Phasing of Isolation Valve Installation in Water Distribution Networks." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 147, no. 7: 06021007.

Journal article
Published: 02 April 2021 in IEEE Access
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Environmental issues can cause changes in source water availability in water distribution networks (WDNs). Thus, an efficient connection between the source and consumers is important for securing water serviceability, which can generally be achieved by minimizing energy losses. In this study, a novel two-phase design (TPD) model is proposed to design an energy-efficient WDN by maximizing a hydraulic geodesic index (HGI), which is the weighted shortest path from the source to the demand node. Before applying the TPD model for WDN design, a correlation analysis between the system HGI, hydraulic performance, and graph theory indices is conducted using 33 J-City networks to verify the proposed HGI. Next, the TPD model is used to determine the optimal layout of the grid network (Phase I). Based on this layout, the optimal diameter set is identified in Phase II. The TPD is thereafter compared with the traditional single-phase design (SPD) model, which determines the optimal layout and diameter simultaneously, and a least-cost model for each phase in the grid network layout and pipe-sizing problem. The correlation analysis clearly indicates that the system HGI with the weighted graph theory successfully determines the hydraulic performance without any hydraulic analysis. Furthermore, TPD is advantageous for designing energy-efficient, hydraulically and structurally sustainable, and resilient networks, as compared to SPD and the least-cost model. The TPD model is expected to provide a better opportunity to prepare for extreme water availability changes by enhancing the hydraulic performance and efficiency through a better connection between the source and nodes.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Donghwi Jung. Shortest-Path-Based Two-Phase Design Model for Hydraulically Efficient Water Distribution Network: Preparing for Extreme Changes in Water Availability. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 53358 -53369.

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Donghwi Jung. Shortest-Path-Based Two-Phase Design Model for Hydraulically Efficient Water Distribution Network: Preparing for Extreme Changes in Water Availability. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():53358-53369.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Donghwi Jung. 2021. "Shortest-Path-Based Two-Phase Design Model for Hydraulically Efficient Water Distribution Network: Preparing for Extreme Changes in Water Availability." IEEE Access 9, no. : 53358-53369.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
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This study introduces an approach to plan future water rates to achieve water distribution system (WDS) sustainability triple-top line (TTL) targets. The WDS components are modeled by connecting the EPANET hydraulic model with multiple interconnected subsystem models in a hybrid-system dynamics configuration. The approach is demonstrated with the hypothetical network, U-City, to optimally set the user fee to maximize a TTL sustainability index (SI). Overall, three demonstrations were performed to test the model: (1) identifying the influence of water price elasticity (WPE); (2) SI sensitivity to a water price adjustment in rate and time; and (3) optimal planning of a water price adjustment strategy. The first demonstration illustrated that neglecting WPE leads to an overestimation of revenue. The second demonstration confirmed that aggressive water pricing does not lead to increased SI. Finally, the third demonstration showed that frequent and lower water price increases are more favorable for a higher WPE to create a sustainable system. In summary, the proposed approach can provide a useful way to analyze future water rates to maximize the sustainability of a WDS.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Christine Pomeroy; Steven Burian. Setting Future Water Rates for Sustainability of a Water Distribution System. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 2021, 147, 04020108 .

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Christine Pomeroy, Steven Burian. Setting Future Water Rates for Sustainability of a Water Distribution System. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 2021; 147 (2):04020108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Christine Pomeroy; Steven Burian. 2021. "Setting Future Water Rates for Sustainability of a Water Distribution System." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 147, no. 2: 04020108.

Review
Published: 03 December 2020 in Sustainability
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This work provides a comprehensive review of the quantitative measures of sustainability proposed for water distribution systems (WDSs) and their sustainable development. After a comprehensive literature review, eighteen studies overall, either clearly proposing quantitative measures of sustainability (three studies) or highlighting sustainable development (fifteen studies), were selected for a closer review. All three measures showed either a lack of applicability or were missing important aspects of sustainability. Additionally, they have not been thoroughly validated by demonstrating the measures under acceptable scenarios/conditions. The reviewed sustainable development practices showed that energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions, life cycle costing, and reliability were widely used to evaluate environmental, economic, and social impacts, respectively. The two primary recommendations made based upon reviews were to: (1) consider balancing usage (cost) and gain (benefit), rather than impacts; (2) consider indirect (cascading/consequential) interactions. Overall, existing measures of sustainability and sustainable development practices in WDSs must be advanced to accommodate a focus on restorative systems, as well as to maximize benefits and enable multidisciplinary and broader analyses.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Joong Kim. Quantitative Measure of Sustainability for Water Distribution Systems: A Comprehensive Review. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10093 .

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Joong Kim. Quantitative Measure of Sustainability for Water Distribution Systems: A Comprehensive Review. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10093.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Joong Kim. 2020. "Quantitative Measure of Sustainability for Water Distribution Systems: A Comprehensive Review." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10093.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2020 in Journal of Infrastructure Systems
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To address the rapidly growing need for asset management of aging water distribution systems (WDS), this study introduces the adaptation of the triple top line (TTL) as a tool for WDS sustainability evaluation. The WDS TTL model is tested using EPANET hydraulic simulations of a hypothetical WDS subjected to multiple aging scenarios. The results of one aging scenario showed the sustainability index (SI) over the long term to be 0.52 for WDS with new pipe versus 0.23 for a WDS with old pipe, confirming the expectation of age influencing the SI. The testing showed pipe breakage rate to be the major contributing factor significantly decreasing economic sustainability. Additional analysis using the TTL model showed that replacing a pipe at an age of 70 years would maximize the sustainability measure of the WDS. Sensitivity analysis further illustrated that pipe aging, demand increase, water price reduction, and pipe breakage all acted to reduce sustainability, confirming the ability of the TTL model to provide useful insight into sustainability for planning, design, and operations comparative analyses.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Steven Burian. Triple Top Line–Based Sustainability Measure for Water Distribution Systems. Journal of Infrastructure Systems 2020, 26, 04020027 .

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Steven Burian. Triple Top Line–Based Sustainability Measure for Water Distribution Systems. Journal of Infrastructure Systems. 2020; 26 (3):04020027.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Steven Burian. 2020. "Triple Top Line–Based Sustainability Measure for Water Distribution Systems." Journal of Infrastructure Systems 26, no. 3: 04020027.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Journal of Environmental Engineering
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Water cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have gained increasing interest to improve operational efficiency and reliability. However, due to growing exposure to cyber-physical attacks, cybersecurity and resilience against the attacks have become significant concerns. Efforts have been made to improve cybersecurity in water CPSs, but only a few attempts to investigate resilience against cyber-physical attacks. This study contributes to characterizing the resilience of a water CPS and investigating potential resilience strategies. An advanced resilience measure that integrates the withstanding, absorptive, adaptive, and restorative capabilities of a system is proposed and applied to the C-town water distribution network (WDN) for 15 failure set scenarios during a pressure-driven hydraulic simulation. The results identify the failure sets and unfavorable operational conditions that make the system more vulnerable to cyber-physical attacks and, in turn, produce low resilience and capabilities. Additionally, after the recovery of a disrupted component, adjustment of overall operational interactions across system components is found to be needed for the complete restoration of disrupted functionality. The findings provide insights into infrastructure investments with resilience strategies in cyber and physical water system domains.

ACS Style

Sangmin Shin; Seungyub Lee; Steven J. Burian; David R. Judi; Timothy McPherson. Evaluating Resilience of Water Distribution Networks to Operational Failures from Cyber-Physical Attacks. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2020, 146, 04020003 .

AMA Style

Sangmin Shin, Seungyub Lee, Steven J. Burian, David R. Judi, Timothy McPherson. Evaluating Resilience of Water Distribution Networks to Operational Failures from Cyber-Physical Attacks. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2020; 146 (3):04020003.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sangmin Shin; Seungyub Lee; Steven J. Burian; David R. Judi; Timothy McPherson. 2020. "Evaluating Resilience of Water Distribution Networks to Operational Failures from Cyber-Physical Attacks." Journal of Environmental Engineering 146, no. 3: 04020003.

Research articles
Published: 21 October 2019 in Urban Water Journal
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This paper introduces a simulation-based sustainable life of pipe (SLP) determination for a water distribution system (WDS) using a triple top line (TTL) sustainability index (SI). SLP is the pipe replacement time maximizing SI. The approach is applied to the U-City system, a hypothetical urban WDS. Two case studies were conducted: (1) SLP to identify a conservation goal and (2) optimal SLP analysis using revised harmony search (ReHS) to discover replacement timing. The results show conservation targeting a 1% annual rate of demand growth maximizes the SI. And after optimizing the SLP, earlier pipe replacement and higher benefits result from the maximum SI approach compared to the least cost approach. In conclusion, the demonstrations show that using the TTL-based SI can guide demand management and pipe replacement strategies to maximize a comprehensive set of sustainability benefits.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Steven Burian. Triple top line-based identification of sustainable water distribution system conservation targets and pipe replacement timing. Urban Water Journal 2019, 16, 642 -652.

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Steven Burian. Triple top line-based identification of sustainable water distribution system conservation targets and pipe replacement timing. Urban Water Journal. 2019; 16 (9):642-652.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Steven Burian. 2019. "Triple top line-based identification of sustainable water distribution system conservation targets and pipe replacement timing." Urban Water Journal 16, no. 9: 642-652.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2019 in Water
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In the last three decades, benchmark water distribution networks (WDNs) have provided a common testbed for new optimization algorithms and design approaches. However, deriving generalized and reliable conclusions from such benchmark WDNs is difficult because their optimization difficulty levels (ODLs) are either too low or too high (i.e., biased). Final solutions do not consistently converge to a global optimum for a WDN problem with a high ODL. In addition, little effort has been given to quantifying and comparing the ODLs of WDNs with different characteristics and conditions. In this study, an ODL indicator was developed for WDNs: the coefficient of variation of the final solution fitness values. An ODL quantification framework was also developed with two phases: (1) generating network layouts with various topological characteristics, and (2) quantifying the statistics of the final solution quality and ODL by using a global parallel genetic algorithm. The proposed indicator and framework were applied to the design of a dense-grid B-city network and large C network, and the results demonstrated their applicability to generating a WDN benchmark problem with the target ODL.

ACS Style

Donghwi Jung; Seungyub Lee; Hwee Hwang; Jung; Lee. Optimization Difficulty Indicator and Testing Framework for Water Distribution Network Complexity. Water 2019, 11, 2132 .

AMA Style

Donghwi Jung, Seungyub Lee, Hwee Hwang, Jung, Lee. Optimization Difficulty Indicator and Testing Framework for Water Distribution Network Complexity. Water. 2019; 11 (10):2132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donghwi Jung; Seungyub Lee; Hwee Hwang; Jung; Lee. 2019. "Optimization Difficulty Indicator and Testing Framework for Water Distribution Network Complexity." Water 11, no. 10: 2132.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2019 in Water
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Understanding the impact and duration (consequences) of different component failures (cause) in a water supply and distribution system (WSDS) is a critical task for water utilities to develop effective preparation and response plans. During the last three decades, few efforts have been devoted to developing a visualization tool to display the relationship between the failure cause and its consequences. This study proposes two visualization methods to effectively show the relationship between the two failure entities: A failure cause–impact–duration (CID) plot, and a bubble plot. The former is drawn for an effective snapshot on the range (extent) of failure duration and the impact of different failures, whereas the latter provides failure frequency information. A simple and practical failure classification system is also introduced for producing the two proposed plots effectively. To verify the visualization schemes, we collected records of 331 WSDS component failures that occurred in South Korea between 1980 and 2018. Results showed that (1) the proposed CID plot can serve as a useful tool for identifying most minor and major WSDS failures, and (2) the proposed bubble plot is useful for determining significant component failures with respect to their failure consequences and occurrence likelihoods.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; SueYeun Oak; Donghwi Jung; Hwandon Jun. Development of Failure Cause–Impact–Duration (CID) Plots for Water Supply and Distribution System Management. Water 2019, 11, 1719 .

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, SueYeun Oak, Donghwi Jung, Hwandon Jun. Development of Failure Cause–Impact–Duration (CID) Plots for Water Supply and Distribution System Management. Water. 2019; 11 (8):1719.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; SueYeun Oak; Donghwi Jung; Hwandon Jun. 2019. "Development of Failure Cause–Impact–Duration (CID) Plots for Water Supply and Distribution System Management." Water 11, no. 8: 1719.

Journal article
Published: 12 June 2019 in Water
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This study introduces an approach using Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) to consider hydraulic resilience and economic consequence resilience of a water distribution system (WDS) to identify critical assets. ECLIPS (Economic Consequence Linked to Interruption in Providing Service), a way to represent loss of water provision as economic loss, is used to measure economic consequence following a reduction of WDS functionality. The approach is demonstrated using a hypothetical WDS and tested for pipe breakage and replacement scenarios using EPANET hydraulic simulations. First, the correlation between hydraulic resilience and economic consequence resilience was investigated to assess differences between two resilience measures for identifying pipe’s criticality for replacement. The results confirmed the two resilience measures exhibited differing responses (covariance = 0.2), suggesting that use of both would provide complementary insight. Results of the MPT analysis identified the benefits of balancing hydraulic and economic consequence resilience measures to yield lower risk. This study provides a practical approach to incorporate economic consequence into planning, design, and research applications identifying critical WDS assets.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Sangmin Shin; David R. Judi; Timothy McPherson; Steven J. Burian. Criticality Analysis of a Water Distribution System Considering Both Economic Consequences and Hydraulic Loss Using Modern Portfolio Theory. Water 2019, 11, 1222 .

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Sangmin Shin, David R. Judi, Timothy McPherson, Steven J. Burian. Criticality Analysis of a Water Distribution System Considering Both Economic Consequences and Hydraulic Loss Using Modern Portfolio Theory. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1222.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Sangmin Shin; David R. Judi; Timothy McPherson; Steven J. Burian. 2019. "Criticality Analysis of a Water Distribution System Considering Both Economic Consequences and Hydraulic Loss Using Modern Portfolio Theory." Water 11, no. 6: 1222.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2019 in Water
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The resilience of a water distribution system (WDS) is defined as its ability to prepare, respond to, and recover from a catastrophic failure event such as an earthquake or intentional contamination. Robustness (ROB), one of the components of resilience, is the ability to maintain functionality to meet customer demands. Recently, the traditional probability-based system performance perspective has begun to shift toward the ROB and system performance variation point of view. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of WDS ROB-based approaches proposed in three research categories: Design, operation, and management. While few pioneering works have been published in the latter two areas, an ROB indicator was proposed and thoroughly investigated for WDS design. Then, some future works are recommended in each of the three domains to promote developments in WDS ROB. Finally, a brief summary of this paper is presented, from which the final conclusions of the state-of-the-art review and recommendations are drawn. The new paradigm of WDS ROB-based design, operation, and management is in its infant stage and should be carved out in future studies.

ACS Style

Donghwi Jung; Seungyub Lee; Joong Hoon Kim. Robustness and Water Distribution System: State-of-the-Art Review. Water 2019, 11, 974 .

AMA Style

Donghwi Jung, Seungyub Lee, Joong Hoon Kim. Robustness and Water Distribution System: State-of-the-Art Review. Water. 2019; 11 (5):974.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donghwi Jung; Seungyub Lee; Joong Hoon Kim. 2019. "Robustness and Water Distribution System: State-of-the-Art Review." Water 11, no. 5: 974.

Conference paper
Published: 31 May 2018 in World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018
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To date, as information and communication technology enters into water distribution field, smart water system gains potential of worldwide application. Smart water system enables to collect, organize, and analyze real-time data and produce new data, which provides engineers and consumers with real-time water information. In this project, a micro-smart water test bed was established to realize the real-time data acquisition by using flow sensor and Arduino UNO, to achieve data organization by employing observation data model (ODM) database and to accomplish data analysis by using R-studio. Also, the performance of micro-smart water test bed was evaluated by comparing relative errors between the experimental measurements and modeling outputs. System performance analysis shows reasonable flow sensor has reasonable sensitivity to system operation and testing data evaluation illustrates experimental measurements fit modeling outputs reliably. This real-time smart water system project performed as expected. Finally, the future recommendation for this project was made in the last section.

ACS Style

Jiada Li; Seungyub Lee; Sangmin Shin; Steven Burian. Using a Micro-Test-Bed Water Network to Investigate Smart Meter Data Connections to Hydraulic Models. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Jiada Li, Seungyub Lee, Sangmin Shin, Steven Burian. Using a Micro-Test-Bed Water Network to Investigate Smart Meter Data Connections to Hydraulic Models. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiada Li; Seungyub Lee; Sangmin Shin; Steven Burian. 2018. "Using a Micro-Test-Bed Water Network to Investigate Smart Meter Data Connections to Hydraulic Models." World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 07 February 2018 in Water
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Over the past few decades, the concept of resilience has emerged as an important consideration in the planning and management of water infrastructure systems. Accordingly, various resilience measures have been developed for the quantitative evaluation and decision-making of systems. There are, however, numerous considerations and no clear choice of which measure, if any, provides the most appropriate representation of resilience for a given application. This study provides a critical review of quantitative approaches to measure the resilience of water infrastructure systems, with a focus on water resources and distribution systems. A compilation of 11 criteria evaluating 21 selected resilience measures addressing major features of resilience is developed using the Axiomatic Design process. Existing gaps of resilience measures are identified based on the review criteria. The results show that resilience measures have generally paid less attention to cascading damage to interrelated systems, rapid identification of failure, physical damage of system components, and time variation of resilience. Concluding the paper, improvements to resilience measures are recommended. The findings contribute to our understanding of gaps and provide information to help further improve resilience measures of water infrastructure systems.

ACS Style

Sangmin Shin; Seungyub Lee; David R. Judi; Masood Parvania; Erfan Goharian; Timothy McPherson; Steven J. Burian. A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems. Water 2018, 10, 164 .

AMA Style

Sangmin Shin, Seungyub Lee, David R. Judi, Masood Parvania, Erfan Goharian, Timothy McPherson, Steven J. Burian. A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems. Water. 2018; 10 (2):164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sangmin Shin; Seungyub Lee; David R. Judi; Masood Parvania; Erfan Goharian; Timothy McPherson; Steven J. Burian. 2018. "A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems." Water 10, no. 2: 164.

Exergy and lca
Published: 27 June 2017 in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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The work here focused on developing a framework for the overall planning of water distribution network (WDN) using life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) method. During the life cycle, aging-based maintenance scheduling was also carried out. Three different networks that have a distinguishing range of pipe diameter sizes and total pipe lengths were selected for study networks in order to evaluate the scale dependency to energy usage trend and design pathway. The model is built up with a Visual Basic program, and the hydraulic network solver, EPANET 2.0, is linked to support simulation-based environmental assessment. The proposed model determines optimal diameter for minimum annual average energy usage (AAEU) while considering maintenance activities. For optimization, revised harmony search (ReHS) was selected, and also pipe aging and breakage models are used for maintenance scheduling. AAEU is calculated by dividing overall energy usage with life cycle. Proposed model is applied to three different scale WDN and demonstrated for three case studies. In the first case study, the proposed model was verified by comparing results with prior research studies. Then, LCEA was conducted for each of the network. Finally, an optimal design of each network was conducted. The first case study results matched well to prior research studies, thereby demonstrating that the applicability of the proposed model was verified. Results of the second case study showed that the AAEU is proportional to the scale of network while life cycle is inversely proportional. Maintenance activity had advantage for extending the planning period. Finally, optimal design results in case study 3, both AAEU and life cycle are proportional to the scale of WDN. Comparing second and third case results, AAEU results were mostly influenced by the scale of network, but the length of life cycle was more dependent on the distribution of diameters. In summary, AAEU can be reduced using two methods either by increasing the number of small pipes or extending the life cycle. The elicited results from the three cases are converging towards the importance of the pipe diameter distribution, number of small diameter pipes, and the total length of network. In order to reduce AAEU, the model considered the characteristics of the network and determined whether there are increases in the small diameter pipes or distributed diameters evenly. Results show that the suggested model could constitute an alternative design method for minimizing energy usage.

ACS Style

Seungyub Lee; Do Guen Yoo; Donghwi Jung; Joong Hoon Kim. Application of life cycle energy analysis for designing a water distribution network. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2017, 23, 1174 -1191.

AMA Style

Seungyub Lee, Do Guen Yoo, Donghwi Jung, Joong Hoon Kim. Application of life cycle energy analysis for designing a water distribution network. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2017; 23 (6):1174-1191.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungyub Lee; Do Guen Yoo; Donghwi Jung; Joong Hoon Kim. 2017. "Application of life cycle energy analysis for designing a water distribution network." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 23, no. 6: 1174-1191.