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Dr. Simona Pajaujiene
Associate Professor, Dr. at the Lithuanian Sports University

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Date: 17-25 September 2020
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Simona Pajaujiene
Review
Published: 01 February 2021 in Journal of Aging and Physical Activity
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Dual-task (DT) consists of the performance of two tasks simultaneously. An index of DT difficulty has been linked to decreased postural control. Because a wide range of DT is employed, this study aimed to evaluate its effects in static balance in older adults. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were screened, and the secondary tasks were grouped as manual, reaction time, discrimination and decision making, mental tracking, verbal fluency, working memory, or “other” tasks. A total of 66 studies have been included. The meta-analysis was conducted on 28 effects and showed a significant mean effect size of d = 0.24 (p = .02, SE = 0.10; confidence interval [0.04, 0.44]), indicating a worsening in stability during DT. In conclusion, postural control was worsened by the Stroop test and the arithmetic tasks improved it. The results do not underpin any conclusive statement on the impact of DT, and a standard operating procedure was created.

ACS Style

Luca Petrigna; Ambra Gentile; Diba Mani; Simona Pajaujiene; Tobia Zanotto; Ewan Thomas; Antonio Paoli; Antonio Palma; Antonino Bianco. Dual-Task Conditions on Static Postural Control in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 2021, 29, 162 -177.

AMA Style

Luca Petrigna, Ambra Gentile, Diba Mani, Simona Pajaujiene, Tobia Zanotto, Ewan Thomas, Antonio Paoli, Antonio Palma, Antonino Bianco. Dual-Task Conditions on Static Postural Control in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. 2021; 29 (1):162-177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Petrigna; Ambra Gentile; Diba Mani; Simona Pajaujiene; Tobia Zanotto; Ewan Thomas; Antonio Paoli; Antonio Palma; Antonino Bianco. 2021. "Dual-Task Conditions on Static Postural Control in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 29, no. 1: 162-177.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2021 in Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
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The aim of this investigation was to identify possible related factors associated to the performance of the crunning test in European children and adolescents. A total number of 559 children and adolescents (age range 6–14 years) of which 308 boys (55.1%) and 251 girls (44.9%), from seven European countries, were screened. A questionnaire concerning demographic and personal life-related factors and a cognitive assessment were performed. A regression analysis was conducted with the performance measures of the crunning movement. T-tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze sub-group differences. Boys have greater crunning performance values compared to girls (5.55 s vs. 7.06 s, p < 0.001) and older children perform better than younger ones (R2 −0.23; p < 0.001). Children with healthy and active habits (exercising or spending time with family members vs. reading or surfing the internet) performed better in the test. Children engaged in team sports had better crunning performances compared to those engaged in individual sports (6.01 s vs. 6.66 s, p = 0.0166). No significant association was found regarding cognitive-related aspects in either children engaged in team or individual sports and the crunning performance. Older and male children performed better in the crunning test than younger and female children. Physical activity-related aspects of children’s life are associated with crunning movement performance. No association was found between higher cognitive performance and the crunning test results.

ACS Style

Ewan Thomas; Marianna Alesi; Garden Tabacchi; Carlos Silva; David Sturm; Fatma Şahin; Özkan Güler; Manuel Gómez-López; Simona Pajaujiene; Michele Basile; Ante Rada; Antonio Palma; Antonino Bianco. Cognitive and Physical Activity-Related Aspects of Children Associated to the Performance of the Crunning Movement. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 2021, 6, 9 .

AMA Style

Ewan Thomas, Marianna Alesi, Garden Tabacchi, Carlos Silva, David Sturm, Fatma Şahin, Özkan Güler, Manuel Gómez-López, Simona Pajaujiene, Michele Basile, Ante Rada, Antonio Palma, Antonino Bianco. Cognitive and Physical Activity-Related Aspects of Children Associated to the Performance of the Crunning Movement. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2021; 6 (1):9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewan Thomas; Marianna Alesi; Garden Tabacchi; Carlos Silva; David Sturm; Fatma Şahin; Özkan Güler; Manuel Gómez-López; Simona Pajaujiene; Michele Basile; Ante Rada; Antonio Palma; Antonino Bianco. 2021. "Cognitive and Physical Activity-Related Aspects of Children Associated to the Performance of the Crunning Movement." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 6, no. 1: 9.

Original research article
Published: 26 October 2020 in Frontiers in Psychology
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Purpose: Besides the evident positive effect on body development, physical activity has proven to boost executive functions, especially if the exercises are enriched with cognitive stimuli. Previous studies have shown that introducing challenging exercises in the physical activity routine can also enhance motivation. Therefore, enriching a physical education program with cognitively challenging exercises may also foster children’s motivation during physical education classes, where the motivation is high at the beginning of the school year and low at the end of it. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to test if a sport program enriched by cognitive stimuli may improve kids’ motivation or take them out from a state of amotivation along the school year. Methods: A sample of 342 school children (203 boys, 139 girls) took part in the study. Participants were asked to complete a battery of motivation and perceived social support questionnaires before and after they completed the ESA Program, a sport program enriched with cognitive stimuli. Moreover, parents of these children attended four seminars about the importance of supporting children for the practice of regular physical activity (PA). A control group consisting of children that attended the ordinary physical education school class was also included. Results: A repeated measures MANOVA model showed that the ESA Program was able to improve children’s general motivation, in particular the intrinsic motivation. The program was not effective in social support, but, independently from the group, the family social support in sports activities decreased for females. Conclusion: Apart from cognitive improvement, the ESA Program can have beneficial effects on children’s sports motivation in physical education, but not on perceived social support.

ACS Style

Ambra Gentile; Stefano Boca; Yolanda Demetriou; David Sturm; Simona Pajaujiene; Ilona Judita Zuoziene; Fatma Nese Sahin; Özkan Güler; Manuel Gómez-López; Carla Chicau Borrego; Doris Matosic; Antonino Bianco; Marianna Alesi. The Influence of an Enriched Sport Program on Children’s Sport Motivation in the School Context: The ESA PROGRAM. Frontiers in Psychology 2020, 11, 601000 .

AMA Style

Ambra Gentile, Stefano Boca, Yolanda Demetriou, David Sturm, Simona Pajaujiene, Ilona Judita Zuoziene, Fatma Nese Sahin, Özkan Güler, Manuel Gómez-López, Carla Chicau Borrego, Doris Matosic, Antonino Bianco, Marianna Alesi. The Influence of an Enriched Sport Program on Children’s Sport Motivation in the School Context: The ESA PROGRAM. Frontiers in Psychology. 2020; 11 ():601000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ambra Gentile; Stefano Boca; Yolanda Demetriou; David Sturm; Simona Pajaujiene; Ilona Judita Zuoziene; Fatma Nese Sahin; Özkan Güler; Manuel Gómez-López; Carla Chicau Borrego; Doris Matosic; Antonino Bianco; Marianna Alesi. 2020. "The Influence of an Enriched Sport Program on Children’s Sport Motivation in the School Context: The ESA PROGRAM." Frontiers in Psychology 11, no. : 601000.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2020 in Heliyon
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Background Manual dexterity is an important aspect in everyday life, which is widely studied through the Grooved Pegboard Test (GPT). Since Dual-Tasks (DT) activities are widely investigated and important to simulate everyday life situations, the objectives of the present pilot study were the evaluation of the effect of a cognitive task and a motor task during the performance of the GPT and the feasibility of the GPT in a DT contest. A secondary objective was to evaluate the training effect of the GPT. Methods A total of 31 young adults (20 man and 11 woman, age (SD): 27.7 (2.5)) performed the GPT eight times to understand the presence of a training effect before performing the GPT in DT. The additional tasks were a secondary cognitive task and a secondary motor task. Results All participants were able to complete the required conditions. The GPT performed in motor DT were significantly slower than those performed singularly (p < 0.01). The GPT performed with the cognitive task was slower than the secondary motor task (p < 0.05). A training effect was present up to the 4th consecutive trial. Conclusions The GPT can be executed with a cognitive or motor task to increase the difficulty of the trial to better evaluate manual dexterity and cognitive capacities.

ACS Style

Luca Petrigna; Simona Pajaujiene; Gaetano Marco Iacona; Ewan Thomas; Antonio Paoli; Antonino Bianco; Antonio Palma. The execution of the Grooved Pegboard test in a Dual-Task situation: A pilot study. Heliyon 2020, 6, e04678 .

AMA Style

Luca Petrigna, Simona Pajaujiene, Gaetano Marco Iacona, Ewan Thomas, Antonio Paoli, Antonino Bianco, Antonio Palma. The execution of the Grooved Pegboard test in a Dual-Task situation: A pilot study. Heliyon. 2020; 6 (8):e04678.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Petrigna; Simona Pajaujiene; Gaetano Marco Iacona; Ewan Thomas; Antonio Paoli; Antonino Bianco; Antonio Palma. 2020. "The execution of the Grooved Pegboard test in a Dual-Task situation: A pilot study." Heliyon 6, no. 8: e04678.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020 in European Journal of Translational Myology
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The standing broad jump (SBJ) is a valid, reliable and feasible field-based test, which can evaluate explosive strength of the lower limbs and physical fitness. This study aimed to provide normative data for the SBJ for male and female children and adolescents and describe differences in performance between age groups and genders. A total number of 2140 children and adolescents, sampled in seven European nations have been included for analysis. The SBJ was performed to derive percentile values for gender and each age group. In general, males have greater jumping performance compared to females. Data demonstrate a linear increase in the jumping distance for both males and females until adolescence. However, such increase is evident in males up to 16-17 years old, whereas in females a plateau value is met at 12-13 years old, with a subsequent decrease in the jumping performance. No differences were present in jumping performance between male and female children, however differences between male and female adolescents were evinced. The study has provided percentile values useful to monitor the physical fitness status of children and adolescents.

ACS Style

Ewan Thomas; Luca Petrigna; Garden Tabacchi; Eduardo Teixeira; Simona Pajaujiene; David J. Sturm; Fatma Nese Sahin; Manuel Gómez-López; Jelena Pausic; Antonio Paoli; Marianna Alesi; Antonino Bianco. Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescence aged 6-18 years old. European Journal of Translational Myology 2020, 30, 240 -246.

AMA Style

Ewan Thomas, Luca Petrigna, Garden Tabacchi, Eduardo Teixeira, Simona Pajaujiene, David J. Sturm, Fatma Nese Sahin, Manuel Gómez-López, Jelena Pausic, Antonio Paoli, Marianna Alesi, Antonino Bianco. Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescence aged 6-18 years old. European Journal of Translational Myology. 2020; 30 (2):240-246.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewan Thomas; Luca Petrigna; Garden Tabacchi; Eduardo Teixeira; Simona Pajaujiene; David J. Sturm; Fatma Nese Sahin; Manuel Gómez-López; Jelena Pausic; Antonio Paoli; Marianna Alesi; Antonino Bianco. 2020. "Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescence aged 6-18 years old." European Journal of Translational Myology 30, no. 2: 240-246.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020
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The standing broad jump (SBJ) is a valid, reliable and feasible field-based test, which can evaluate explosive strength of the lower limbs and physical fitness. This study aimed to provide normative data for the SBJ for male and female children and adolescents and describe differences in performance between age groups and genders. A total number of 2140 children and adolescents, sampled in seven European nations have been included for analysis. The SBJ was performed to derive percentile values for gender and each age group. In general, males have greater jumping performance compared to females. Data demonstrate a linear increase in the jumping distance for both males and females until adolescence. However, such increase is evident in males up to 16-17 years old, whereas in females a plateau value is met at 12-13 years old, with a subsequent decrease in the jumping performance. No differences were present in jumping performance between male and female children, however differences between male and female adolescents were evinced. The study has provided percentile values useful to monitor the physical fitness status of children and adolescents.

ACS Style

Ewan Thomas; Luca Petrigna; Garden Tabacchi; Eduardo Teixeira; Simona Pajaujiene; David J. Sturm; Fatma Nese Sahin; Manuel Gómez-López; Jelena Pausic; Antonio Paoli; Marianna Alesi; Antonino Bianco. Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old. 2020, 30, 9050 .

AMA Style

Ewan Thomas, Luca Petrigna, Garden Tabacchi, Eduardo Teixeira, Simona Pajaujiene, David J. Sturm, Fatma Nese Sahin, Manuel Gómez-López, Jelena Pausic, Antonio Paoli, Marianna Alesi, Antonino Bianco. Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old. . 2020; 30 (2):9050.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewan Thomas; Luca Petrigna; Garden Tabacchi; Eduardo Teixeira; Simona Pajaujiene; David J. Sturm; Fatma Nese Sahin; Manuel Gómez-López; Jelena Pausic; Antonio Paoli; Marianna Alesi; Antonino Bianco. 2020. "Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old." 30, no. 2: 9050.

Original research article
Published: 28 April 2020 in Frontiers in Psychology
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Purpose: The effects of physical exercise on executive functions (EFs) are well-documented. EFs are involved in daily activities, and their development determines the quality of people’s future life, both in terms of mental health and quality of life. The purpose of the current paper is to evaluate the effects of a physical education program, elaborated within the Enriched Sports Activity Program (ESA Program), an Erasmus + Project, on EFs, namely, visuospatial working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and task switching. Method: Data were collected on November 2017 (t1) and May 2018 (t2). At t1, a sample of 357 children from four European countries (Italy, Germany, Lithuania, and Turkey) performed a cognitive test battery made up of Digit Span Forward/Backward, Stroop Task, and Trail Making Test (TMT), whose order was randomized. From November until May, classrooms from the experimental group followed the ESA Program, while classrooms from the control continued with the ordinary physical education class. At t2, children from both experimental and control groups performed again the cognitive battery. Result: The repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of the ESA Program on the TMT B and on Digit Span Backward, but no significant effects were found on Digit Span Forward and Stroop Task. Conclusion: The introduction of a sport program enriched with cognitive stimuli has beneficial effects for children working memory and cognitive flexibility.

ACS Style

Ambra Gentile; Stefano Boca; Fatma Neşe Şahin; Özkan Güler; Simona Pajaujiene; Vinga Indriuniene; Yolanda Demetriou; David Sturm; Manuel Gómez-López; Antonino Bianco; Marianna Alesi. The Effect of an Enriched Sport Program on Children’s Executive Functions: The ESA Program. Frontiers in Psychology 2020, 11, 1 .

AMA Style

Ambra Gentile, Stefano Boca, Fatma Neşe Şahin, Özkan Güler, Simona Pajaujiene, Vinga Indriuniene, Yolanda Demetriou, David Sturm, Manuel Gómez-López, Antonino Bianco, Marianna Alesi. The Effect of an Enriched Sport Program on Children’s Executive Functions: The ESA Program. Frontiers in Psychology. 2020; 11 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ambra Gentile; Stefano Boca; Fatma Neşe Şahin; Özkan Güler; Simona Pajaujiene; Vinga Indriuniene; Yolanda Demetriou; David Sturm; Manuel Gómez-López; Antonino Bianco; Marianna Alesi. 2020. "The Effect of an Enriched Sport Program on Children’s Executive Functions: The ESA Program." Frontiers in Psychology 11, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 06 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: Physical fitness in youth is a predictor of health in adulthood. The main objective of the present study was to understand if an enriched sport activity program could increase physical fitness in a population of schoolchildren. Methods: In a sample of 672 children aged 10.0 ± 1.90 years, different motor skills were tested by the 1 kg and 3 kg ball throw (BT), the standing broad jump (SBJ), the 30 m sprint (30mS), the leger shuttle run (LSR), the illinois agility test (IGT), and the quadruped test (QT). Within the controlled-trial, the intervention group (ESA) underwent an additional warm-up protocol, which included cognitive enhancing elements, for 14 weeks while the control group continued with ordinary exercise activity. Results: A significant increase was present regarding the 1 kg and 3 kg BT, the SBJ, the 30mS, and the IGT, while no significant difference was shown regarding the QT and the LSR in the ESA group between pre and post intervention. In the control group, no differences were present for any test except for the QT and the LSR post-test. Conclusion: A 14-week structured physical intervention had moderate effects regarding throwing, jumping, sprinting, and agility in a sample of schoolchildren.

ACS Style

Ewan Thomas; Antonino Bianco; Garden Tabacchi; Carlos Marques Da Silva; Nuno Loureiro; Michele Basile; Marcello Giaccone; David J. Sturm; Fatma Neşe Şahin; Özkan Güler; Manuel Gómez-López; Guillermo F. López Sánchez; Simona Pajaujiene; Ilona Judita Zuoziene; Ante Rada; Marianna Alesi; Antonio Palma. Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Physical Fitness of schoolchildren: The Enriched Sport Activity Program. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1723 .

AMA Style

Ewan Thomas, Antonino Bianco, Garden Tabacchi, Carlos Marques Da Silva, Nuno Loureiro, Michele Basile, Marcello Giaccone, David J. Sturm, Fatma Neşe Şahin, Özkan Güler, Manuel Gómez-López, Guillermo F. López Sánchez, Simona Pajaujiene, Ilona Judita Zuoziene, Ante Rada, Marianna Alesi, Antonio Palma. Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Physical Fitness of schoolchildren: The Enriched Sport Activity Program. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (5):1723.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewan Thomas; Antonino Bianco; Garden Tabacchi; Carlos Marques Da Silva; Nuno Loureiro; Michele Basile; Marcello Giaccone; David J. Sturm; Fatma Neşe Şahin; Özkan Güler; Manuel Gómez-López; Guillermo F. López Sánchez; Simona Pajaujiene; Ilona Judita Zuoziene; Ante Rada; Marianna Alesi; Antonio Palma. 2020. "Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Physical Fitness of schoolchildren: The Enriched Sport Activity Program." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1723.

Review
Published: 15 December 2019 in Sustainability
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High levels of physical fitness (PF) can positively affect both health and cognitive function, thus monitoring its levels in youth can help increase health and quality of life in adult populations later on. This systematic review aims to identify PF field-based tests used in young European populations practicing sport to find tools that are adequate for the considered target involving a new battery within the Enriched Sport Activities (ESA) project. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was followed. In the 83 identified articles, the main tests used were: vertical/horizontal jumps (for muscular strength/power); push-ups, running at maximum effort, sit-ups (for muscular strength/endurance); multistage non-intermittent and intermittent tests (for aerobic endurance); sit and reach (for flexibility); sprinting and agility T-tests (for speed and agility, respectively); 10 × 5 m shuttle run (SR) (for both speed and agility). Few studies assessed coordination, reaction time, power, and balance. Although the selected tests are widely used and validated, they do not determine all PF aspects and do not reflect sport-specific features. A final decision was made for the inclusion of the following tests: standing broad jump, seated medicine ball throw, 20 m SR test, 30 m sprint, Illinois test, and a new test, i.e., the crunning test, to assess different skill-related components at once. The use of this combination of tests allows for the assessment of all PF components and can help planning effective training programs and cultivate sporting talent.

ACS Style

Garden Tabacchi; Guillermo F. Lopez Sanchez; Fatma Nese Sahin; Meltem Kizilyalli; Rosario Genchi; Michele Basile; Musa Kirkar; Carlos Silva; Nuno Loureiro; Eduardo Teixeira; Yolanda Demetriou; David Joseph Sturm; Simona Pajaujene; Ilona J. Zuoziene; Manuel Gómez-López; Ante Rada; Jelena Pausic; Nemanja Lakicevic; Luca Petrigna; Kaltrina Feka; Ana Ribeiro; Marianna Alesi; Antonino Bianco. Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7187 .

AMA Style

Garden Tabacchi, Guillermo F. Lopez Sanchez, Fatma Nese Sahin, Meltem Kizilyalli, Rosario Genchi, Michele Basile, Musa Kirkar, Carlos Silva, Nuno Loureiro, Eduardo Teixeira, Yolanda Demetriou, David Joseph Sturm, Simona Pajaujene, Ilona J. Zuoziene, Manuel Gómez-López, Ante Rada, Jelena Pausic, Nemanja Lakicevic, Luca Petrigna, Kaltrina Feka, Ana Ribeiro, Marianna Alesi, Antonino Bianco. Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Garden Tabacchi; Guillermo F. Lopez Sanchez; Fatma Nese Sahin; Meltem Kizilyalli; Rosario Genchi; Michele Basile; Musa Kirkar; Carlos Silva; Nuno Loureiro; Eduardo Teixeira; Yolanda Demetriou; David Joseph Sturm; Simona Pajaujene; Ilona J. Zuoziene; Manuel Gómez-López; Ante Rada; Jelena Pausic; Nemanja Lakicevic; Luca Petrigna; Kaltrina Feka; Ana Ribeiro; Marianna Alesi; Antonino Bianco. 2019. "Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7187.

Review
Published: 27 July 2019 in Systematic Reviews
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In postural stability evaluation, the dual-task concept is often adopted in order to create a more challenging situation. The dual-task consists of performing simultaneously two tasks, a primary static or dynamic motor task and an additional secondary cognitive task. Usually, a multitask condition leads to a reduction in the postural control performance, especially in older adults. Considering the wide spectrum of secondary task conditions existing in scientific literature, the present manuscript aims to write a peer-reviewed protocol that will be used in a systematic review and meta-analysis performed to identify the effects of different secondary tasks conditions in a population of older adults during static postural stability. The study will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and for this manuscript, the PRISMA Protocol. PICOS criteria (population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, study design) will be also followed. The population examined will be healthy older adults over 60 years of age and all quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods study design will be included. Original articles will be also included if written in English, while no restriction criteria will be applied to the country of origin. Instead, reviews, meta-analysis, abstracts, citations, scientific conferences, opinion pieces, books, books reviews, statements, letters, editorials, non-peer reviewed journals articles, and commentaries will be excluded. The research of literature will be performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus with words related to the topic. From each included study, information previously agreed will be extracted and inserted into a spreadsheet and a narrative synthesis containing summary tables and graphs will describe the articles taken in examination. Furthermore, a meta-analysis will be performed to establish which DT condition has a greater effect following the Hedges and Olkin approach, extension of Glass’ method and Cohen’s d will be calculated. The present manuscript wants to provide the protocol that will be used in the systematic review and meta-analysis with the intent to inform the researchers and professionals about the dual-task condition effects. Such will lead future investigations in using the most appropriate dual-task condition. PROSPERO CRD42018116597.

ACS Style

Luca Petrigna; Ewan Thomas; Ambra Gentile; Antonio Paoli; Simona Pajaujiene; Antonio Palma; Antonino Bianco. The evaluation of dual-task conditions on static postural control in the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Systematic Reviews 2019, 8, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Luca Petrigna, Ewan Thomas, Ambra Gentile, Antonio Paoli, Simona Pajaujiene, Antonio Palma, Antonino Bianco. The evaluation of dual-task conditions on static postural control in the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Systematic Reviews. 2019; 8 (1):1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Petrigna; Ewan Thomas; Ambra Gentile; Antonio Paoli; Simona Pajaujiene; Antonio Palma; Antonino Bianco. 2019. "The evaluation of dual-task conditions on static postural control in the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol." Systematic Reviews 8, no. 1: 1-6.

Journal article
Published: 05 April 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The present study aimed to assess the-prevalence of health-compromising eating and physical activity behaviours, and to test their associations with physical activity, internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, and body image in a sample of adolescents of both genders. A total sample of 736 adolescents (437 or 59.4% were girls) participated in the study. The participants ranged in age from 16 to 19 years (x = 17.2, SD = 0.6). The sample completed a questionnaire measuring body mass index, the risk of eating disorders, body image, internalisation of sociocultural ideals of appearance, health-compromising eating behaviours (HCEB), and health-compromising weight control related to physical activity behaviours (HCPAB). Logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between the study variables and predictors of HCEB and HCPAB. The results of the study showed a relatively high prevalence of HCEB with a significantly higher prevalence in girls and participants with a higher BMI. The study also demonstrated that the prevalence of adolescent HCPAB was higher than HCEB. The internalisation of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and body image concerns were higher in the HCEB and HCPAB groups. Female gender (OR = 1.88; 95% PI = 1.10–3.18), HCPAB (OR = 1.19; 95% PI = 1.10–1.28), a preoccupation with being overweight (OR = 3.43; 95% PI = 2.52–4.66), and body weight evaluation as too high (OR = 2.40; 95% PI = 1.57–3.68) were significant predictors of HCEB. More frequent physical activity (OR = 3.02; 95% PI = 1.76–5.17), HCEB (OR = 1.22; 95% PI = 1.11–1.32), and perceived pressures to conform to popular beauty ideals (OR = 1.51; 95% PI = 1.12–2.03) predicted higher HCPAB. HCPAB is an important variable associated with adolescents’ body image, physical activity, and weight control. The results of the present study are important for health promotion and education programs addressing adolescents’ healthy lifestyle, weight control, and body image concerns.

ACS Style

Rasa Jankauskiene; Migle Baceviciene; Simona Pajaujiene; Dana Badau. Are Adolescent Body Image Concerns Associated with Health-Compromising Physical Activity Behaviours? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 1225 .

AMA Style

Rasa Jankauskiene, Migle Baceviciene, Simona Pajaujiene, Dana Badau. Are Adolescent Body Image Concerns Associated with Health-Compromising Physical Activity Behaviours? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (7):1225.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rasa Jankauskiene; Migle Baceviciene; Simona Pajaujiene; Dana Badau. 2019. "Are Adolescent Body Image Concerns Associated with Health-Compromising Physical Activity Behaviours?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7: 1225.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Kinesiology
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The aim of this study was to test professional competencies of the sample of health and fitness instructors (HFIs) according to EuropeActive’s educational standards at level 3 referenced to the European Qualifications Framework (EQF), and to explore the associations between the formal education of HFIs and their current competencies. The core knowledge (CK) of 155 HFIs and the specific knowledge (SK) of 54 fitness instructors (FIs) and 35 group fitness instructors (GFIs) were analysed. In addition, 43 FIs and 35 GFIs underwent an examination of their practical skills. Only 11 (7.1%) of the HFIs met the requirements for the CK. We found no significant differences by age, education, type of employment, or professional experience for the CK test. No FIs passed the test for SK. Only 10 (15.6%) of the GFIs passed the test for SK. However, adequate practical instruction skills were found for the FIs (n=29, 70.7%), as well as for the GFIs (n=31, 91.2%). Only three HFIs passed the overall examination for the educational standards at EQF-level 3. The results highlight the importance of testing the competencies of HFIs in other European countries and of promoting the need for lifelong learning for HFIs. The competencies of HFIs are an important source of trust for healthcare providers and other sector stakeholders implementing the strategy for the prevention of non-communicable diseases.

ACS Style

Rasa Jankauskiene; Simona Pajaujiene. Professional Competencies of Health and Fitness Instructors. Kinesiology 2018, 50, 269 -276.

AMA Style

Rasa Jankauskiene, Simona Pajaujiene. Professional Competencies of Health and Fitness Instructors. Kinesiology. 2018; 50 (2):269-276.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rasa Jankauskiene; Simona Pajaujiene. 2018. "Professional Competencies of Health and Fitness Instructors." Kinesiology 50, no. 2: 269-276.

Editorial
Published: 13 December 2017 in Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
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Enriched Sport Activities (ESA) Program is an Evidence-based Practice Exercise Program cofounded by the Erasmus + Programme of the European Union (Key action: Sport-579661-EPP-1-2016-2-IT-SPO-SCP)

ACS Style

Marianna Alesi; Carlos Silva; Carla Borrego; Diogo Monteiro; Rosario Genchi; Valentina Polizzi; Musa Kirkar; Yolanda Demetriou; Judith Brame; Fatma Nese Sahin; Meltem Kizilyalli; Manuel Gómez-López; Guillermo López Sánchez; Simona Pajaujiene; Vinga Indriuniene; Ante Rađa; Antonino Bianco. Cognitive and Motivational Monitoring during Enriched Sport Activities in a Sample of Children Living in Europe. The Esa Program. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 2017, 2, 46 -3.

AMA Style

Marianna Alesi, Carlos Silva, Carla Borrego, Diogo Monteiro, Rosario Genchi, Valentina Polizzi, Musa Kirkar, Yolanda Demetriou, Judith Brame, Fatma Nese Sahin, Meltem Kizilyalli, Manuel Gómez-López, Guillermo López Sánchez, Simona Pajaujiene, Vinga Indriuniene, Ante Rađa, Antonino Bianco. Cognitive and Motivational Monitoring during Enriched Sport Activities in a Sample of Children Living in Europe. The Esa Program. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2017; 2 (4):46-3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marianna Alesi; Carlos Silva; Carla Borrego; Diogo Monteiro; Rosario Genchi; Valentina Polizzi; Musa Kirkar; Yolanda Demetriou; Judith Brame; Fatma Nese Sahin; Meltem Kizilyalli; Manuel Gómez-López; Guillermo López Sánchez; Simona Pajaujiene; Vinga Indriuniene; Ante Rađa; Antonino Bianco. 2017. "Cognitive and Motivational Monitoring during Enriched Sport Activities in a Sample of Children Living in Europe. The Esa Program." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 2, no. 4: 46-3.