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Biochar prepared from Sterculia alata fruit shell showed a better performance for dye removal than the biomass from Sterculia alata fruit shell. The important process parameters—namely the pH, the amount of biochar, the initial dye concentration and the contact time—were optimized in order to maximize dye removal using biochar of Sterculia alata fruit shell as the bio-sorbent. The results from this study showed that the maximum adsorption of dye on the biochar was obtained at a biochar dosage of 40 g/L, at a contact time of 5 h, and an initial dye concentration of 500 mg/L (pH 2.0; temperature 30 ± 5 °C). The increase in the rate adsorption with temperature and the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images indicated the possibility of multilayer type adsorption which was confirmed by better fit of the Freundlich adsorption isotherm with the experimental data as compared to the Langmuir isotherm. The values n and R2 in the Freundlich isotherm were found to be 4.55 and 0.97, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 11.36 mg/g. The value of n > 1 indicated physical nature of the adsorption process. The first and second order kinetics were tested, and it was observed that the adsorption process followed the first-order kinetics (R2 = 0.911).
Balendu Shekher Giri; Mandavi Goswami; Prabhat Kumar; Rahul Yadav; Neha Sharma; Ravi Kumar Sonwani; Sudeep Yadav; Rajendra Prasad Singh; Eldon R. Rene; Preeti Chaturvedi; Ram Sharan Singh. Adsorption of Patent Blue V from Textile Industry Wastewater Using Sterculia alata Fruit Shell Biochar: Evaluation of Efficiency and Mechanisms. Water 2020, 12, 2017 .
AMA StyleBalendu Shekher Giri, Mandavi Goswami, Prabhat Kumar, Rahul Yadav, Neha Sharma, Ravi Kumar Sonwani, Sudeep Yadav, Rajendra Prasad Singh, Eldon R. Rene, Preeti Chaturvedi, Ram Sharan Singh. Adsorption of Patent Blue V from Textile Industry Wastewater Using Sterculia alata Fruit Shell Biochar: Evaluation of Efficiency and Mechanisms. Water. 2020; 12 (7):2017.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBalendu Shekher Giri; Mandavi Goswami; Prabhat Kumar; Rahul Yadav; Neha Sharma; Ravi Kumar Sonwani; Sudeep Yadav; Rajendra Prasad Singh; Eldon R. Rene; Preeti Chaturvedi; Ram Sharan Singh. 2020. "Adsorption of Patent Blue V from Textile Industry Wastewater Using Sterculia alata Fruit Shell Biochar: Evaluation of Efficiency and Mechanisms." Water 12, no. 7: 2017.
The prospective utilization of bael shell (Aegle marmelos) as an agro-waste for the production of biochar was investigated along with its characterization and application for the abatement of hazardous aqueous Patent Blue (PB) dye solution. The sorptive removal of PB on bael shell biochar (BSB) was investigated under the following operational conditions: (pH, 2.7–10.4; biochar dosage, 2–12 g/L; and contact time, 0–60 min). The removal efficiency of PB by BSB in a batch adsorption experiment was 74% (pH 2.7 and 30 ± 5 °C). In addition, a clear relationship between the adsorption and pH of the solution was noticed and the proposed material recorded a maximum sorption capacity of 3.7 mg/g at a pH of 2.7. The adsorption of PB onto BSB was best explained by the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2 = 0.972), thereby asserting the predominant role of chemisorption. The active role of multiple surface-active functionalities present on BSB during PB sorption was elucidated with the help of Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.968). Further, an adsorption mechanism was proposed by utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
Kangkan Roy; Kapil Verma; Kumar Vikrant; Mandavi Goswami; Ravi Sonwani; Birendra Rai; Kowsalya Vellingiri; Ki-Hyun Kim; Balendu Giri; Ram Singh. Removal of Patent Blue (V) Dye Using Indian Bael Shell Biochar: Characterization, Application and Kinetic Studies. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2669 .
AMA StyleKangkan Roy, Kapil Verma, Kumar Vikrant, Mandavi Goswami, Ravi Sonwani, Birendra Rai, Kowsalya Vellingiri, Ki-Hyun Kim, Balendu Giri, Ram Singh. Removal of Patent Blue (V) Dye Using Indian Bael Shell Biochar: Characterization, Application and Kinetic Studies. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (8):2669.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKangkan Roy; Kapil Verma; Kumar Vikrant; Mandavi Goswami; Ravi Sonwani; Birendra Rai; Kowsalya Vellingiri; Ki-Hyun Kim; Balendu Giri; Ram Singh. 2018. "Removal of Patent Blue (V) Dye Using Indian Bael Shell Biochar: Characterization, Application and Kinetic Studies." Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2669.