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Chen Fang
Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200437, China

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Journal article
Published: 08 June 2021 in Energies
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Even with modern smart metering systems, erroneous measurements of the real and reactive power in the power system are unavoidable. Multiple erroneous parameters and measurements may occur simultaneously in the state estimation of a bulk power system. This paper proposes a gross error reduction index (GERI)-based method as an additional module for existing state estimators in order to identify multiple erroneous parameters and measurements simultaneously. The measurements are acquired from a supervisory control and data acquisition system and mainly include voltage amplitudes, branch current amplitudes, active power flow, and reactive power flow. This method uses a structure consisting of nested two loops. First, gross errors and the GERI indexes are calculated in the inner loop. Second, the GERI indexes are compared and the maximum GERI in each inner loop is associated with the most suspicious parameter or measurement. Third, when the maximum GERI is less than a given threshold in the outer loop, its corresponding erroneous parameter or measurement is identified. Multiple measurement scans are also adopted in order to increase the redundancy of measurements and the observability of parameters. It should be noted that the proposed algorithm can be directly integrated into the Weighted Least Square estimator. Furthermore, using a faster simplified calculation technique with Givens rotations reduces the required computer memory and increases the computation speed. This method has been demonstrated in the IEEE 14-bus test system and several matpower cases. Due to its outstanding practical performance, it is now used at six provincial power control centers in the Eastern Grid of China.

ACS Style

Ruipeng Guo; Lilan Dong; Hao Wu; Fangdi Hou; Chen Fang. A Practical GERI-Based Method for Identifying Multiple Erroneous Parameters and Measurements Simultaneously. Energies 2021, 14, 3390 .

AMA Style

Ruipeng Guo, Lilan Dong, Hao Wu, Fangdi Hou, Chen Fang. A Practical GERI-Based Method for Identifying Multiple Erroneous Parameters and Measurements Simultaneously. Energies. 2021; 14 (12):3390.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruipeng Guo; Lilan Dong; Hao Wu; Fangdi Hou; Chen Fang. 2021. "A Practical GERI-Based Method for Identifying Multiple Erroneous Parameters and Measurements Simultaneously." Energies 14, no. 12: 3390.

Journal article
Published: 24 April 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The wide area measurement system (WAMS) based on synchronous phasor measurement technology has been widely used in power transmission grids to achieve dynamic monitoring and control of the power grid. At present, to better realize real-time situational awareness and control of the distribution network, synchronous phasor measurement technology has been gradually applied to the distribution network, such as the application of micro multifunctional phasor measurement units (μMPMUs). The distribution network phasor data concentrator (DPDC), as a connection node between the μMPMUs and the main station, is also gaining more attraction. This paper first analyzes the communication network structure of DPDCs and μMPMUs and compares and analyzes the differences in the installation locations, functions, communication access methods and communication protocols of the phasor technology devices of the distribution network and the transmission network. It is pointed out that DPDCs not only need the functions of data collection, storage, and forwarding like transmission network PDCs, but also should be able to access more μMPMUs, and can aggregate the phasor data of the same time scale from μMPMUs by different communication methods. The communication protocol selected by DPDC should be expanded to support remote control, telemetry, fault diagnosis and other functions of distribution automation. The application requirements of DPDCs are clarified, and the key indicators of DPDCs are given as a method to evaluate the basic performance of DPDCs. Then, to address the problems of more μMPMU access, abnormal communication, and data collection with different delays that DPDC encountered, a DPDC that considers multiple communication methods is designed. Based on the Linux system and the libuv library, the DPDC is designed with event-driven mechanism and structured programming, runs multiple threads to implement multitasking, and invokes callbacks to perform asynchronous non-blocking operations. The DPDC test system and test methods are designed. The performance of the designed DPDC is evaluated through the test and the test results are analyzed. Lastly, its real-world application is disclosed, which further confirmed the value of our DPDC.

ACS Style

Weiqing Tao; Mengyu Ma; Chen Fang; Wei Xie; Ming Ding; Dachao Xu; Yangqing Shi. Design and Application of a Distribution Network Phasor Data Concentrator. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 2942 .

AMA Style

Weiqing Tao, Mengyu Ma, Chen Fang, Wei Xie, Ming Ding, Dachao Xu, Yangqing Shi. Design and Application of a Distribution Network Phasor Data Concentrator. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (8):2942.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weiqing Tao; Mengyu Ma; Chen Fang; Wei Xie; Ming Ding; Dachao Xu; Yangqing Shi. 2020. "Design and Application of a Distribution Network Phasor Data Concentrator." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8: 2942.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2019 in Applied Sciences
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With the advancement of active distribution network construction, to solve the shortcomings of the existing distribution network technology in distribution network perception and control, the relevant technologies of the Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) in the transmission network have attracted more attention in terms of their usage in the distribution network. Micro Multifunction Phasor Measurement Unit (μMPMU), as an example, is being gradually utilized in the distribution network. However, the existing synchronous phasor transmission protocol is mainly designed for the transmission network, which requires an extension to meet the communication requirements to be directly used in the distribution network. In this work, the requirements of active distribution network communication are analyzed, and trade-offs between National Standard of the People’s Republic of China/Recommended (GB/T) 26865.2-2011 and International Electro technical Commission (IEC) 60870-5-101/104 protocol are compared. An extension method of the communication protocol is proposed, with the benefits of the prioritized transmission of important data, expanded remote control function of μMPMU, increased types of offline files, and reduced amount of network communication and data storage. The method is built upon the existing GB/T 26865.2-2011 protocol, and refers to the Application Service Data Unit (ASDU) of IEC 60870-5-101/104 to add an application extension frame. Application extension frames are used to transmit telemetry data, telesignalization, partial commands, and partial offline files. Finally, an experimental environment is set up, which includes a phasor measurement unit (PMU) Emulator, distribution network phasor data concentrator (PDC), and main station emulator to implement the standard GB/T 26865.2-2011 protocol and extension protocol. The feasibility and effectiveness of the method are confirmed by the superior performance of the extended protocol compared with the standard protocol.

ACS Style

Weiqing Tao; Mengyu Ma; Ming Ding; Wei Xie; Chen Fang. A Priority-Based Synchronous Phasor Transmission Protocol Extension Method for the Active Distribution Network. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 2135 .

AMA Style

Weiqing Tao, Mengyu Ma, Ming Ding, Wei Xie, Chen Fang. A Priority-Based Synchronous Phasor Transmission Protocol Extension Method for the Active Distribution Network. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (10):2135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weiqing Tao; Mengyu Ma; Ming Ding; Wei Xie; Chen Fang. 2019. "A Priority-Based Synchronous Phasor Transmission Protocol Extension Method for the Active Distribution Network." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10: 2135.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2019 in Electronics
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Information between interconnected power systems is difficult to share in real time, due to trade secrets and technical limitations. The regional power grid cannot timely detect the impact of changes in the operation mode of the external power grid on the regional reliability, due to faults, load fluctuations, power generation plan adjustments, and other reasons. How to evaluate the reliability of a regional power system under the conditions of information isolation is a difficult problem for the security of interconnected power systems. Aiming at this problem, an operational reliability evaluation method for an interconnected power system is proposed herein, which does not depend on external network information directly, but only uses boundary phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurement data and internal network information. A static equivalent model with sensitivity consistency was used to simplify the external network to ensure the accuracy of the reliability calculation of interconnected power systems. The boundary PMU measurement data were used to update the external network equivalent model online. The algorithm flow of the operation reliability assessment for the interconnected power grid is given. The results of an example based on the IEEE-RTS-96 test system show that the proposed method can track the equivalent parameters of the external network without depending on the actual topological information, and calculate the reliability index of the internal network accurately.

ACS Style

Dabo Zhang; Shuai Lian; Weiqing Tao; Jinsong Liu; Chen Fang. Operational Reliability Assessment of an Interconnected Power System Based on an Online Updating External Network Equivalent Model with Boundary PMU. Electronics 2019, 8, 49 .

AMA Style

Dabo Zhang, Shuai Lian, Weiqing Tao, Jinsong Liu, Chen Fang. Operational Reliability Assessment of an Interconnected Power System Based on an Online Updating External Network Equivalent Model with Boundary PMU. Electronics. 2019; 8 (1):49.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dabo Zhang; Shuai Lian; Weiqing Tao; Jinsong Liu; Chen Fang. 2019. "Operational Reliability Assessment of an Interconnected Power System Based on an Online Updating External Network Equivalent Model with Boundary PMU." Electronics 8, no. 1: 49.