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Die Nachfrage nach ökologisch produzierten Lebensmitteln steigt stark an und der Handel ist mittlerweile global ausgerichtet. Mit den ökologischen Lebensmitteln hat die Prozesskontrolle in der Landwirtschaft Einzug gehalten, weil die Unterschiede zu konventionellen Lebensmitteln hauptsächlich auf der Herstellungsweise beruhen. Die Kontrolle und Zertifizierung nehmen eine zentrale Rolle ein, weil diese für die Sicherung des Mehrwertes der Produkte und für das Vertrauen der Verbraucher unerlässlich sind. Um die Verbraucher vor Täuschung zu schützen und die Landwirte für diese umweltfreundliche Anbauweise zu motivieren, sind zahlreiche staatliche und private Verordnungen und Richtlinien geschaffen worden. Deren Vollzug ist durch eine enge Zusammenarbeit von Behörden und privaten Organisationen gewährleistet. Das steigende Interesse nicht nur an Ökoprodukten, sondern auch generell an der Nachhaltigkeit in der Landwirtschaft und Ernährung macht die Zertifizierung in Zukunft immer wichtiger.
Dr. Urs Niggli. Zertifizierung von ökologischen Standards. Zertifizierung als Erfolgsfaktor 2016, 217 -227.
AMA StyleDr. Urs Niggli. Zertifizierung von ökologischen Standards. Zertifizierung als Erfolgsfaktor. 2016; ():217-227.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDr. Urs Niggli. 2016. "Zertifizierung von ökologischen Standards." Zertifizierung als Erfolgsfaktor , no. : 217-227.
When trying to optimize the sustainability performance of farms and farming systems, a consideration of trade-offs and synergies between different themes and dimensions is required. The aim of this paper is to perform a systematic analysis of trade-offs and synergies across all dimensions and themes. To achieve this aim we used the Sustainability Monitoring and Assessment Routine (SMART)-Farm Tool which operationalizes the Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems (SAFA) Guidelines by defining science-based indicator sets and assessment procedures. It identifies the degree of goal achievement with respect to the 58 themes defined in the SAFA Guidelines using an impact matrix that defines 327 indicators and 1769 relations between sustainability themes and indicators. We illustrate how the SMART-Farm Tool can be successfully applied to assess the sustainability performance of farms of different types and in different geographic regions. Our analysis revealed important synergies between themes within a sustainability dimension and across dimensions. We found major trade-offs within the environmental dimension and between the environmental and economic dimension. The trade-offs within the environmental dimension were even larger than the trade-offs with other dimensions. The study also underlines the importance of the governance dimension with regard to achieving a good level of performance in the other dimensions.
Christian Schader; Lukas Baumgart; Jan Landert; Adrian Muller; Brian Ssebunya; Johan Blockeel; Rainer Weisshaidinger; Richard Petrasek; Dóra Mészáros; Susanne Padel; Catherine Gerrard; Laurence Smith; Thomas Lindenthal; Urs Niggli; Matthias Stolze. Using the Sustainability Monitoring and Assessment Routine (SMART) for the Systematic Analysis of Trade-Offs and Synergies between Sustainability Dimensions and Themes at Farm Level. Sustainability 2016, 8, 274 .
AMA StyleChristian Schader, Lukas Baumgart, Jan Landert, Adrian Muller, Brian Ssebunya, Johan Blockeel, Rainer Weisshaidinger, Richard Petrasek, Dóra Mészáros, Susanne Padel, Catherine Gerrard, Laurence Smith, Thomas Lindenthal, Urs Niggli, Matthias Stolze. Using the Sustainability Monitoring and Assessment Routine (SMART) for the Systematic Analysis of Trade-Offs and Synergies between Sustainability Dimensions and Themes at Farm Level. Sustainability. 2016; 8 (3):274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Schader; Lukas Baumgart; Jan Landert; Adrian Muller; Brian Ssebunya; Johan Blockeel; Rainer Weisshaidinger; Richard Petrasek; Dóra Mészáros; Susanne Padel; Catherine Gerrard; Laurence Smith; Thomas Lindenthal; Urs Niggli; Matthias Stolze. 2016. "Using the Sustainability Monitoring and Assessment Routine (SMART) for the Systematic Analysis of Trade-Offs and Synergies between Sustainability Dimensions and Themes at Farm Level." Sustainability 8, no. 3: 274.
Agroecology – as a scientific discipline and as an approach to sustainable farming practice – has objectives similar to those of organic agriculture. The paper sharpens the profile of both concepts and identifies strengths and weaknesses. The overarching challenge of both is to minimize trade-offs between food and fiber production on the one hand and non-commodity ecosystem services on the other hand. A comparison of the two approaches may well be inspiring, especially for the future development of organic food systems. Best use of human, social and natural capital characterizes organic farmers, especially in developing countries, as documented by many case studies from sub-Saharan Africa. That also applies to organic farms in temperate zones, although usually more external inputs are used in organic farming there. While the profitability of organic farms is comparable to or slightly higher than that of conventional ones, per area food production is lower by an average of 20 to 25 percent in temperate zones. Overly restrictive production standards are often mentioned as the cause, but also a lag in production techniques. One of the main approaches of organic agriculture to augment productivity is ecological or eco-functional intensification. Thereby, the goal is to maintain the ecological and social qualities of the farms and to increase food output. The future development of organic agriculture can be characterized by a comprehensive culture of innovation embracing social, ecological and technological innovations. Such a concept of innovation includes dynamic interactions between farmers and scientists in order to strengthen system resilience and make better use of basic research from a wide range of scientific disciplines.
Urs Niggli. Incorporating Agroecology Into Organic Research –An Ongoing Challenge. Sustainable Agriculture Research 2015, 4, p149 .
AMA StyleUrs Niggli. Incorporating Agroecology Into Organic Research –An Ongoing Challenge. Sustainable Agriculture Research. 2015; 4 (3):p149.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrs Niggli. 2015. "Incorporating Agroecology Into Organic Research –An Ongoing Challenge." Sustainable Agriculture Research 4, no. 3: p149.
J. Cooper; U. Niggli; C. Leifert; C.J. Seal; K. Brandt; B. Van Elzakker; J. Neuendorff; J. Bloksma; M. Northolt; M. Huber; G-J. Van Der Burgt; L. Van De Vijver; E. Oughton; C. Ritson; R.F. Weller; C.L. Marley; J.M. Moorby; H. Hirt; E. Zeltner; A. Sundrum; F. Diez-Gonzalez; P. Klocke; M. Walkenhorst; G. Butler; V. Maurer; P. Hördegen; H. Hertzberg; B. Biavati; C. Santini; C. Benbrook; E.A.S. Rosa; R.N. Bennett; A. Aires; F.P. Weibel; T. Alföldi; U. Köpke; B. Thiel; S. Elmholt; R. Ghorbani; S. Wilcockson; J Krämer; G.S. Johannessen; M. Bourlakis; C. Vizard; R.C. Van Acker; N. McLean; R.C. Martin; U. Kjærnes; G.S. Wyss; L. Lück; A. Hartvig Larsen. Contributor contact details. Handbook of Organic Food Safety and Quality 2007, 1 .
AMA StyleJ. Cooper, U. Niggli, C. Leifert, C.J. Seal, K. Brandt, B. Van Elzakker, J. Neuendorff, J. Bloksma, M. Northolt, M. Huber, G-J. Van Der Burgt, L. Van De Vijver, E. Oughton, C. Ritson, R.F. Weller, C.L. Marley, J.M. Moorby, H. Hirt, E. Zeltner, A. Sundrum, F. Diez-Gonzalez, P. Klocke, M. Walkenhorst, G. Butler, V. Maurer, P. Hördegen, H. Hertzberg, B. Biavati, C. Santini, C. Benbrook, E.A.S. Rosa, R.N. Bennett, A. Aires, F.P. Weibel, T. Alföldi, U. Köpke, B. Thiel, S. Elmholt, R. Ghorbani, S. Wilcockson, J Krämer, G.S. Johannessen, M. Bourlakis, C. Vizard, R.C. Van Acker, N. McLean, R.C. Martin, U. Kjærnes, G.S. Wyss, L. Lück, A. Hartvig Larsen. Contributor contact details. Handbook of Organic Food Safety and Quality. 2007; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Cooper; U. Niggli; C. Leifert; C.J. Seal; K. Brandt; B. Van Elzakker; J. Neuendorff; J. Bloksma; M. Northolt; M. Huber; G-J. Van Der Burgt; L. Van De Vijver; E. Oughton; C. Ritson; R.F. Weller; C.L. Marley; J.M. Moorby; H. Hirt; E. Zeltner; A. Sundrum; F. Diez-Gonzalez; P. Klocke; M. Walkenhorst; G. Butler; V. Maurer; P. Hördegen; H. Hertzberg; B. Biavati; C. Santini; C. Benbrook; E.A.S. Rosa; R.N. Bennett; A. Aires; F.P. Weibel; T. Alföldi; U. Köpke; B. Thiel; S. Elmholt; R. Ghorbani; S. Wilcockson; J Krämer; G.S. Johannessen; M. Bourlakis; C. Vizard; R.C. Van Acker; N. McLean; R.C. Martin; U. Kjærnes; G.S. Wyss; L. Lück; A. Hartvig Larsen. 2007. "Contributor contact details." Handbook of Organic Food Safety and Quality , no. : 1.