This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
This work addresses how immersive how immersive technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), can help to deal with the increasing complexity and decreasing usability when modeling Zero Emission Buildings (ZEB) and Zero Emission Neighborhoods (ZEN) in smart cities. There is a need to handle both “top-down” neighborhood-level data used in municipal planning with “bottom-up” data used in project planning at building and material level. This level of information can quickly become overwhelming, particularly when dealing with diverse stakeholders such as planners, architects, researchers, and citizens who are all important in the design process of future ZENs but who may not have a scientific background. Visualization is paramount to communicate complex data dynamically and interactively allowing architects and other diverse stakeholders to engage in decision-making and the design process. This paper investigates using VR to visually communicate multiple key performance indicators (KPIs) at different scales to improve stakeholder’s participation in the design process. The results indicate that virtual reality is suitable for communicating and contextualizing complex data and that ZENVR is an appropriate tool for visualizing KPIs in ZENs. The use cases for ZENVR include citizen engagement, promotion, and advertisement of ZENs, as well as interdisciplinary communication and collaboration between professionals. Architects play an important role particularly in the early design stage to make design decisions that directly lead to a reduction in the GHG emissions at both the level of ZEB and ZEN. At (existing) neighborhood scale, not only architects but also other stakeholders play an important role in the decision-making process. However, it is not easy for architects and other stakeholders to easily understand and visualize how their design contributes to the overall GHG emissions for the neighborhood. VR may enable diverse experts and decision-makers to evaluate results early in the design stage and on-site. The VR application currently is experimental, and further work should investigate including more KPIs in the application and studying the associated effect on stakeholders. It would be advantageous testing the application’s compatibility with other VR systems and exploring possible adaptations. The results presented in this paper demonstrate how VR can help to improve stakeholder participation and more easily integrate science-based knowledge on GHG emissions and other KPIs in the early design stage.
A. Houlihan Wiberg; Sondre Løvhaug; Mikael Mathisen; Benedikt Tschoerner; Eirik Resch; Marius Erdt; Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland. Advanced Visualization of Neighborhood Carbon Metrics Using Virtual Reality: Improving Stakeholder Engagement. Handbook of Smart Cities 2021, 1517 -1549.
AMA StyleA. Houlihan Wiberg, Sondre Løvhaug, Mikael Mathisen, Benedikt Tschoerner, Eirik Resch, Marius Erdt, Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland. Advanced Visualization of Neighborhood Carbon Metrics Using Virtual Reality: Improving Stakeholder Engagement. Handbook of Smart Cities. 2021; ():1517-1549.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Houlihan Wiberg; Sondre Løvhaug; Mikael Mathisen; Benedikt Tschoerner; Eirik Resch; Marius Erdt; Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland. 2021. "Advanced Visualization of Neighborhood Carbon Metrics Using Virtual Reality: Improving Stakeholder Engagement." Handbook of Smart Cities , no. : 1517-1549.
This work addresses how immersive how immersive technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), can help to deal with the increasing complexity and decreasing usability when modeling Zero Emission Buildings (ZEB) and Zero Emission Neighborhoods (ZEN) in smart cities. There is a need to handle both “top-down” neighborhood-level data used in municipal planning with “bottom-up” data used in project planning at building and material level. This level of information can quickly become overwhelming, particularly when dealing with diverse stakeholders such as planners, architects, researchers, and citizens who are all important in the design process of future ZENs but who may not have a scientific background. Visualization is paramount to communicate complex data dynamically and interactively allowing architects and other diverse stakeholders to engage in decision-making and the design process. This paper investigates using VR to visually communicate multiple key performance indicators (KPIs) at different scales to improve stakeholder’s participation in the design process. The results indicate that virtual reality is suitable for communicating and contextualizing complex data and that ZENVR is an appropriate tool for visualizing KPIs in ZENs. The use cases for ZENVR include citizen engagement, promotion, and advertisement of ZENs, as well as interdisciplinary communication and collaboration between professionals. Architects play an important role particularly in the early design stage to make design decisions that directly lead to a reduction in the GHG emissions at both the level of ZEB and ZEN. At (existing) neighborhood scale, not only architects but also other stakeholders play an important role in the decision-making process. However, it is not easy for architects and other stakeholders to easily understand and visualize how their design contributes to the overall GHG emissions for the neighborhood. VR may enable diverse experts and decision-makers to evaluate results early in the design stage and on-site. The VR application currently is experimental, and further work should investigate including more KPIs in the application and studying the associated effect on stakeholders. It would be advantageous testing the application’s compatibility with other VR systems and exploring possible adaptations. The results presented in this paper demonstrate how VR can help to improve stakeholder participation and more easily integrate science-based knowledge on GHG emissions and other KPIs in the early design stage.
A. Houlihan Wiberg; Sondre Løvhaug; Mikael Mathisen; Benedikt Tschoerner; Eirik Resch; Marius Erdt; Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland. Advanced Visualization of Neighborhood Carbon Metrics Using Virtual Reality: Improving Stakeholder Engagement. Handbook of Smart Cities 2021, 1 -33.
AMA StyleA. Houlihan Wiberg, Sondre Løvhaug, Mikael Mathisen, Benedikt Tschoerner, Eirik Resch, Marius Erdt, Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland. Advanced Visualization of Neighborhood Carbon Metrics Using Virtual Reality: Improving Stakeholder Engagement. Handbook of Smart Cities. 2021; ():1-33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Houlihan Wiberg; Sondre Løvhaug; Mikael Mathisen; Benedikt Tschoerner; Eirik Resch; Marius Erdt; Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland. 2021. "Advanced Visualization of Neighborhood Carbon Metrics Using Virtual Reality: Improving Stakeholder Engagement." Handbook of Smart Cities , no. : 1-33.
Improving the environmental life cycle performance of buildings by focusing on the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions along the building life cycle is considered a crucial step in achieving global climate targets. This paper provides a systematic review and analysis of 75 residential case studies in humid subtropical and tropical climates. The study investigates GHG emissions across the building life cycle, i.e., it analyses both embodied and operational GHG emissions. Furthermore, the influence of various parameters, such as building location, typology, construction materials and energy performance, as well as methodological aspects are investigated. Through comparative analysis, the study identifies promising design strategies for reducing life cycle-related GHG emissions of buildings operating in subtropical and tropical climate zones. The results show that life cycle GHG emissions in the analysed studies are mostly dominated by operational emissions and are the highest for energy-intensive multi-family buildings. Buildings following low or net-zero energy performance targets show potential reductions of 50–80% for total life cycle GHG emissions, compared to buildings with conventional energy performance. Implementation of on-site photovoltaic (PV) systems provides the highest reduction potential for both operational and total life cycle GHG emissions, with potential reductions of 92% to 100% and 48% to 66%, respectively. Strategies related to increased use of timber and other bio-based materials present the highest potential for reduction of embodied GHG emissions, with reductions of 9% to 73%.
Daniel Satola; Martin Röck; Aoife Houlihan-Wiberg; Arild Gustavsen. Life Cycle GHG Emissions of Residential Buildings in Humid Subtropical and Tropical Climates: Systematic Review and Analysis. Buildings 2020, 11, 6 .
AMA StyleDaniel Satola, Martin Röck, Aoife Houlihan-Wiberg, Arild Gustavsen. Life Cycle GHG Emissions of Residential Buildings in Humid Subtropical and Tropical Climates: Systematic Review and Analysis. Buildings. 2020; 11 (1):6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniel Satola; Martin Röck; Aoife Houlihan-Wiberg; Arild Gustavsen. 2020. "Life Cycle GHG Emissions of Residential Buildings in Humid Subtropical and Tropical Climates: Systematic Review and Analysis." Buildings 11, no. 1: 6.
Implementing China’s emission reduction regulations requires a design approach that integrates specific architectural and functional properties of railway stations with low greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. This article analyzes life cycle GHG emissions related to materials production, replacement and operational energy use to identify design drivers and reduction strategies implemented in high-speed railway station (HSRS) buildings. A typical middle-sized HSRS building in a cold climate zone in China is studied. A detailed methodology was proposed for the development and assessment of emission reduction strategies through life cycle assessment (LCA), combined with a building information model (BIM). The results reveal that operational emissions contribute the most to total GHG emissions, constituting approximately 81% while embodied material emissions constitute 19%, with 94 kgCO2eq/m2·a and 22 kgCO2eq/m2·a respectively. Optimizing space can reduce operational GHG emissions and service life extension of insulation materials contributes to a 15% reduction in embodied GHG emissions. In all three scenarios, the reduction potentials of space, envelope, and material type optimization were 28.2%, 13.1%, and 3.5% and that measures for reduced life cycle emissions should focus on space in the early stage of building design. This study addresses the research gap by investigating the life cycle GHG emissions from HSRS buildings and reduction strategies to help influence the design decisions of similar projects and large space public buildings which are critical for emission reduction on a larger scale.
Nan Wang; Daniel Satola; Aoife Houlihan Wiberg; Conghong Liu; Arild Gustavsen. Reduction Strategies for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from High-Speed Railway Station Buildings in a Cold Climate Zone of China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1704 .
AMA StyleNan Wang, Daniel Satola, Aoife Houlihan Wiberg, Conghong Liu, Arild Gustavsen. Reduction Strategies for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from High-Speed Railway Station Buildings in a Cold Climate Zone of China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (5):1704.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNan Wang; Daniel Satola; Aoife Houlihan Wiberg; Conghong Liu; Arild Gustavsen. 2020. "Reduction Strategies for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from High-Speed Railway Station Buildings in a Cold Climate Zone of China." Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1704.