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The residential sector accounts for a large share of worldwide energy consumption, yet is difficult to characterise, since consumption profiles depend on several factors from geographical location to individual building occupant behaviour. Given this difficulty, the fact that energy used in this sector is primarily derived from fossil fuels and the latest energy policies around the world (e.g., Europe 20-20-20), a method able to systematically integrate multi-energy networks and low carbon resources in urban systems is clearly required. This work proposes such a method, which uses process integration techniques and mixed integer linear programming to optimise energy systems at both the individual building and district levels. Parametric optimisation is applied as a systematic way to generate interesting solutions for all budgets (i.e., investment cost limits) and two approaches to temporal data treatment are evaluated: monthly average and hourly typical day resolution. The city center of Geneva is used as a first case study to compare the time resolutions and results highlight that implicit peak shaving occurs when data are reduced to monthly averages. Consequently, solutions reveal lower operating costs and higher self-sufficiency scenarios compared to using a finer resolution but with similar relative cost contributions. Therefore, monthly resolution is used for the second case study, the whole canton of Geneva, in the interest of reducing the data processing and computation time as a primary objective of the study is to discover the main cost contributors. The canton is used as a case study to analyse the penetration of low temperature, CO2-based, advanced fourth generation district energy networks with population density. The results reveal that only areas with a piping cost lower than 21.5 k/100 m2ERA connect to the low-temperature network in the intermediate scenarios, while all areas must connect to achieve the minimum operating cost result. Parallel coordinates are employed to better visualise the key performance indicators at canton and commune level together with the breakdown of energy (electricity and natural gas) imports/exports and investment cost to highlight the main contributors.
Raluca Suciu; Paul Stadler; Ivan Kantor; Luc Girardin; François Maréchal. Systematic Integration of Energy-Optimal Buildings With District Networks. Energies 2019, 12, 2945 .
AMA StyleRaluca Suciu, Paul Stadler, Ivan Kantor, Luc Girardin, François Maréchal. Systematic Integration of Energy-Optimal Buildings With District Networks. Energies. 2019; 12 (15):2945.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaluca Suciu; Paul Stadler; Ivan Kantor; Luc Girardin; François Maréchal. 2019. "Systematic Integration of Energy-Optimal Buildings With District Networks." Energies 12, no. 15: 2945.
Samira Fazlollahi; Luc Girardin; François Maréchal. Clustering Urban Areas for Optimizing the Design and the Operation of District Energy Systems. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering 2014, 1291 -1296.
AMA StyleSamira Fazlollahi, Luc Girardin, François Maréchal. Clustering Urban Areas for Optimizing the Design and the Operation of District Energy Systems. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering. 2014; ():1291-1296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamira Fazlollahi; Luc Girardin; François Maréchal. 2014. "Clustering Urban Areas for Optimizing the Design and the Operation of District Energy Systems." 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering , no. : 1291-1296.
A geographical information system has been developed to model the energy requirements of an urban area. The purpose of the platform is to model with sufficient detail the energy services requirements of a given geographical area in order to allow the evaluation of the integration of advanced integrated energy conversion systems. This tool is used to study the emergence of more efficient cities that realize energy efficiency measures, integrate energy efficient conversion technologies and promote the use of endogenous renewable energy. The model is illustrated with case studies for the energetic planning of the Geneva district (Switzerland).
Luc Girardin; Francois Marechal; Matthias Dubuis; Nicole Calame-Darbellay; Daniel Favrat. EnerGis: A geographical information based system for the evaluation of integrated energy conversion systems in urban areas. Energy 2010, 35, 830 -840.
AMA StyleLuc Girardin, Francois Marechal, Matthias Dubuis, Nicole Calame-Darbellay, Daniel Favrat. EnerGis: A geographical information based system for the evaluation of integrated energy conversion systems in urban areas. Energy. 2010; 35 (2):830-840.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuc Girardin; Francois Marechal; Matthias Dubuis; Nicole Calame-Darbellay; Daniel Favrat. 2010. "EnerGis: A geographical information based system for the evaluation of integrated energy conversion systems in urban areas." Energy 35, no. 2: 830-840.
Helen Becker; Luc Girardin; François Maréchal. Energy integration of industrial sites with heat exchange restrictions. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering 2010, 28, 1141 -1146.
AMA StyleHelen Becker, Luc Girardin, François Maréchal. Energy integration of industrial sites with heat exchange restrictions. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering. 2010; 28 ():1141-1146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHelen Becker; Luc Girardin; François Maréchal. 2010. "Energy integration of industrial sites with heat exchange restrictions." 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering 28, no. : 1141-1146.