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Håkan Eggert
Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Box 640, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden

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Journal article
Published: 23 July 2021 in Sustainability
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The fertilizer subsidies reintroduced in various sub-Saharan African countries from 2007 aim to increase agricultural production and assist in the development of fertilizer markets. The present study evaluates the impact of a fertilizer subsidy program among farmers in Ghana who employ highly mechanized irrigation systems. The results indicate that farmers who received fertilizer under the subsidy program used 45% more fertilizer. However, they did not use more weedicide and were likely to reduce investment in soil and water conservation. Thus, the income gains resulting from the subsidy programs were not invested in such non-targeted inputs. Moreover, the program beneficiaries’ reduced investment in soil and water conservation may explain the finding that the subsidy did not improve their productivity. Thus, since fertilizer subsidy programs alone may not improve productivity, it may be necessary to target spending explicitly on complementary inputs such as investing in soil and water conservation.

ACS Style

Godwin Vondolia; Håkan Eggert; Jesper Stage. The Effect of Fertilizer Subsidies on Investment in Soil and Water Conservation and Productivity among Ghanaian Farmers Using Mechanized Irrigation. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8242 .

AMA Style

Godwin Vondolia, Håkan Eggert, Jesper Stage. The Effect of Fertilizer Subsidies on Investment in Soil and Water Conservation and Productivity among Ghanaian Farmers Using Mechanized Irrigation. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Godwin Vondolia; Håkan Eggert; Jesper Stage. 2021. "The Effect of Fertilizer Subsidies on Investment in Soil and Water Conservation and Productivity among Ghanaian Farmers Using Mechanized Irrigation." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8242.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Marine Policy
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To ensure that benefits from capture fisheries accrue to the nationals, fisheries regulations and acts prioritise local access and harvest rights in near and distant waters within a nation’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The lack of local capital to finance industrial fishing, such as trawling, has compelled developing coastal countries’ fishermen to access foreign investment through contractual agreement such as hire-purchases. In Ghana, this provision in the Fisheries Act (Act 625), has inadvertently, granted foreign owners de facto ‘recurring’ ownership and control rights over the trawl fisheries, with the nationals holding fishing licences retaining only de jure rights. The insecurity of the de facto rights may lead to overfishing and stock depletion. Using data collected with Fisheries Performance Indicators (FPIs) toolkit, the ecological, economic, and community outcomes of the industrial trawl fishery in Ghana are analysed and compared with the continent’s average performances. Except for community (social) outcomes, which were high and marginally exceeded Africa’s average; the overall ecological sustainability and the associated economic outcomes are performing at suboptimal levels.

ACS Style

Wisdom Akpalu; Håkan Eggert. The economic, social and ecological performance of the industrial trawl fishery in Ghana: Application of the FPIs. Marine Policy 2020, 125, 104241 .

AMA Style

Wisdom Akpalu, Håkan Eggert. The economic, social and ecological performance of the industrial trawl fishery in Ghana: Application of the FPIs. Marine Policy. 2020; 125 ():104241.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wisdom Akpalu; Håkan Eggert. 2020. "The economic, social and ecological performance of the industrial trawl fishery in Ghana: Application of the FPIs." Marine Policy 125, no. : 104241.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2018 in Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
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Understanding unethical behavior is essential to many phenomena in the real world. We carry out a field experiment in a unique setting that varies the levels of reciprocity and guilt in an ethical decision. A survey more than one year before the field experiment allows us to compare at the individual level stated unethical behavior with revealed behavior in the same situation in the field. Our results indicate a strong discrepancy between stated and revealed behavior, regardless of the specific treatment in the field experiment. This suggests that, given a natural setting, people may actually behave inconsistently with the way in which they otherwise “brand” themselves. Our findings raise caution about the interpretation of stated behavioral measures commonly used in research on unethical behavior. In addition, we show that inducing reciprocity and guilt leads to a decrease in unethical behavior.

ACS Style

Yonas Alem; Håkan Eggert; Martin G. Kocher; Remidius D. Ruhinduka. Why (field) experiments on unethical behavior are important: Comparing stated and revealed behavior. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 2018, 156, 71 -85.

AMA Style

Yonas Alem, Håkan Eggert, Martin G. Kocher, Remidius D. Ruhinduka. Why (field) experiments on unethical behavior are important: Comparing stated and revealed behavior. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. 2018; 156 ():71-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yonas Alem; Håkan Eggert; Martin G. Kocher; Remidius D. Ruhinduka. 2018. "Why (field) experiments on unethical behavior are important: Comparing stated and revealed behavior." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 156, no. : 71-85.

Journal article
Published: 28 August 2015 in Environmental and Resource Economics
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We use rich survey data to investigate the economic impact of a climate-friendly rice farming method known as the system of rice intensification (SRI) on the welfare of rain-dependent small-holder farmers in Tanzania. SRI reduces water consumption by half, which makes it a promising farming system in the adaptation to climate change in moisture-constrained areas, and it does not require flooding of rice fields, resulting in reduced methane emissions. Endogenous switching regression results suggest that SRI indeed improves yield in rain-dependent areas, but its profitability hinges on the actual market price farmers face. SRI becomes profitable only when the rice variety sells at the same market price as that of traditional varieties, but results in loss when SRI rice sells at a lower price. We argue that the effort of promoting adoption of such types of climate-friendly agricultural practices requires complementary institutional reform and support in order to ensure their profitability to small-holder farmers.

ACS Style

Yonas Alem; Håkan Eggert; Remidius Ruhinduka. Improving Welfare Through Climate-Friendly Agriculture: The Case of the System of Rice Intensification. Environmental and Resource Economics 2015, 62, 243 -263.

AMA Style

Yonas Alem, Håkan Eggert, Remidius Ruhinduka. Improving Welfare Through Climate-Friendly Agriculture: The Case of the System of Rice Intensification. Environmental and Resource Economics. 2015; 62 (2):243-263.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yonas Alem; Håkan Eggert; Remidius Ruhinduka. 2015. "Improving Welfare Through Climate-Friendly Agriculture: The Case of the System of Rice Intensification." Environmental and Resource Economics 62, no. 2: 243-263.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2015 in Fisheries Research
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ACS Style

Håkan Eggert; Mads Greaker; Asmerom Kidane. Trade and resources: Welfare effects of the Lake Victoria fisheries boom. Fisheries Research 2015, 167, 156 -163.

AMA Style

Håkan Eggert, Mads Greaker, Asmerom Kidane. Trade and resources: Welfare effects of the Lake Victoria fisheries boom. Fisheries Research. 2015; 167 ():156-163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Håkan Eggert; Mads Greaker; Asmerom Kidane. 2015. "Trade and resources: Welfare effects of the Lake Victoria fisheries boom." Fisheries Research 167, no. : 156-163.

Journal article
Published: 11 July 2014 in Energies
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The U.S., Brazil and a number of European and other countries worldwide have introduced various support schemes for bioethanol and biodiesel. The advantage of these biofuels is that they are relatively easily integrated with the current fossil fuel-based transport sector, at least up to a certain point. However, recent studies point to various negative effects of expanding the production of first generation (1G) biofuels further. 1G biofuels’ problems can be overcome by a transition to second generation (2G) biofuels. So far, 2G biofuels are much more costly to produce. We therefore ask: to what extent is targeted support to 2G biofuels likely to bring costs down? Additionally, are current support schemes for biofuels well designed in order to promote the development of 2G biofuels? We find that the prospects for cost reduction look better for 2G bioethanol than for 2G biodiesel. Bioethanol made from cellulose is far from a ripe technology, with several cost-reducing opportunities yet to be developed. Hence, targeted support to cellulosic ethanol might induce a switch from 1G to 2G biofuels. However, we find little evidence that production and use of 1G bioethanol will bridge the conversion to 2G bioethanol. Hence, to the extent that private investment in the development of 2G bioethanol is too low, current support schemes for 1G biofuels may block 2G bioethanol instead of promoting it.

ACS Style

Hakan Eggert; Mads Greaker. Promoting Second Generation Biofuels: Does the First Generation Pave the Road? Energies 2014, 7, 4430 -4445.

AMA Style

Hakan Eggert, Mads Greaker. Promoting Second Generation Biofuels: Does the First Generation Pave the Road? Energies. 2014; 7 (7):4430-4445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hakan Eggert; Mads Greaker. 2014. "Promoting Second Generation Biofuels: Does the First Generation Pave the Road?" Energies 7, no. 7: 4430-4445.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2013 in Applied Economics
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We study dynamic labour supply using data on paua (abalone) divers in New Zealand. The divers face stable, flat prices per kilogram after each catch, but experience transitory wage changes due to varying weather and water conditions, and are free to vary their daily working hours and display an intermittent working pattern. We find nonlinear wage elasticities, rejecting the standard neo-classical prediction that these divers should work long hours during days when wages are high and quit early during days when hourly wages are low. We explore potentially distorting factors, but find little evidence. Applying Kőszegi and Rabin's (2006) theory where workers have both income and hours targets could explain our result. In particular, our divers appear to be primarily guided by the hours target.

ACS Style

Håkan Eggert; Viktoria Kahui. Reference-dependent behaviour of paua (abalone) divers in New Zealand. Applied Economics 2013, 45, 1571 -1582.

AMA Style

Håkan Eggert, Viktoria Kahui. Reference-dependent behaviour of paua (abalone) divers in New Zealand. Applied Economics. 2013; 45 (12):1571-1582.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Håkan Eggert; Viktoria Kahui. 2013. "Reference-dependent behaviour of paua (abalone) divers in New Zealand." Applied Economics 45, no. 12: 1571-1582.

Original articles
Published: 01 February 2013 in Applied Economics
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This article analyses the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) performance of fisheries in Iceland, Norway and Sweden during the period 1973 to 2003. We measure TFP growth using real gross value added as output and capital input, labour input and a stock input index based on the major fish stocks. In developed neighbouring countries, we expect rapid diffusion of fishing technology innovations contributing to productivity convergence. In addition, innovations in the public regulation and the industrial organization may also have influenced productivity growth during the period. We find that Iceland had the highest annual TFP growth. Accounting for stock changes, it amounts to 3%, while the corresponding figures for Sweden and Norway are 2.8% and 0.8%, respectively. Despite best practice fishing technologies being widely available, we find no evidence of productivity convergence among the three countries.

ACS Style

Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveterås. Productivity development in Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish fisheries. Applied Economics 2013, 45, 709 -720.

AMA Style

Håkan Eggert, Ragnar Tveterås. Productivity development in Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish fisheries. Applied Economics. 2013; 45 (6):709-720.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveterås. 2013. "Productivity development in Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish fisheries." Applied Economics 45, no. 6: 709-720.

Journal article
Published: 11 September 2010 in Environmental and Resource Economics
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GMOs, Product-labeling, Product differentiation, Quality competition, Trade policy, Welfare,

ACS Style

H. Eggert; M. Greaker. Trade, GMOs and Environmental Risk: Are Current Policies Likely to Improve Welfare? Environmental and Resource Economics 2010, 48, 587 -608.

AMA Style

H. Eggert, M. Greaker. Trade, GMOs and Environmental Risk: Are Current Policies Likely to Improve Welfare? Environmental and Resource Economics. 2010; 48 (4):587-608.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Eggert; M. Greaker. 2010. "Trade, GMOs and Environmental Risk: Are Current Policies Likely to Improve Welfare?" Environmental and Resource Economics 48, no. 4: 587-608.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2009 in Marine Policy
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ACS Style

Håkan Eggert; Björn Olsson. Valuing multi-attribute marine water quality. Marine Policy 2009, 33, 201 -206.

AMA Style

Håkan Eggert, Björn Olsson. Valuing multi-attribute marine water quality. Marine Policy. 2009; 33 (2):201-206.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Håkan Eggert; Björn Olsson. 2009. "Valuing multi-attribute marine water quality." Marine Policy 33, no. 2: 201-206.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2008 in Marine Policy
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Internationally, individual vessel quotas (IVQ) have become an increasingly popular management tool. The main attraction of IVQs is the incentives they create for cost savings, autonomous capacity adjustment and, subsequently, rent generation. In this paper, the extent to which different IVQ systems have facilitated resource rent generation and capacity adjustment in five European countries—Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and the UK—is examined. The potential economic rents and the capacity reduction necessary to achieve these rents in each of the fisheries are also estimated. Reasons why IVQs have not achieved their potential economic benefits in these fisheries are also examined.

ACS Style

Frank Asche; Håkan Eggert; Eyjolfur Gudmundsson; Ayoe Hoff; Sean Pascoe. Fisher's behaviour with individual vessel quotas—Over-capacity and potential rent: Five case studies. Marine Policy 2008, 32, 920 -927.

AMA Style

Frank Asche, Håkan Eggert, Eyjolfur Gudmundsson, Ayoe Hoff, Sean Pascoe. Fisher's behaviour with individual vessel quotas—Over-capacity and potential rent: Five case studies. Marine Policy. 2008; 32 (6):920-927.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Frank Asche; Håkan Eggert; Eyjolfur Gudmundsson; Ayoe Hoff; Sean Pascoe. 2008. "Fisher's behaviour with individual vessel quotas—Over-capacity and potential rent: Five case studies." Marine Policy 32, no. 6: 920-927.

Journal article
Published: 19 March 2007 in ICES Journal of Marine Science
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Eggert, H. and Tveterås, R. 2007. Potential rent and overcapacity in the Swedish Baltic Sea trawl fishery for cod (Gadus morhua). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 439–445. Many European Union (EU) fisheries have problems with depleted stocks and fleet overcapacity following the regulation of open-access regimes. Some EU countries have introduced individual vessel quotas (IVQs), which can stop “the race to catch” and provide fishers with incentives to minimize costs for a given catch. We model an IVQ fishery using a cost function approach and apply the methodology to the Swedish cod fishery in the Baltic Sea. Estimating a translog cost function for a data set of Swedish trawlers in 2001, we assess the potential gains from structural adjustment of the fleet. Results suggest a desired fleet reduction of 50–60% and a potential resource rent amounting to 25–30% of the landing value.

ACS Style

Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveterås. Potential rent and overcapacity in the Swedish Baltic Sea trawl fishery for cod (Gadus morhua). ICES Journal of Marine Science 2007, 64, 439 -445.

AMA Style

Håkan Eggert, Ragnar Tveterås. Potential rent and overcapacity in the Swedish Baltic Sea trawl fishery for cod (Gadus morhua). ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2007; 64 (3):439-445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveterås. 2007. "Potential rent and overcapacity in the Swedish Baltic Sea trawl fishery for cod (Gadus morhua)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 3: 439-445.

Journal article
Published: 16 January 2007 in ICES Journal of Marine Science
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Ungfors, A. 2007. Sexual maturity of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in the Skagerrak and the Kattegat, based on reproductive and morphometric characters. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 318–327. The size at the onset of sexual maturity of female and male edible crab (Cancer pagurus) from the Skagerrak and the Kattegat and the fecundity of females were estimated. Physiological maturity of females, i.e. ovary development, was at a larger size than behavioural maturity (indications of successful copulation). The carapace width (CW) at which 50% of females were mature (CW50), based on development of the gonads, was 132 mm, sperm presence gave a CW50 of 107 mm, and the presence of sperm plugs a CW50 of 118 mm. Changes in relative abdominal width were found at approximately 100 and 130 mm, and CW50 was 104 mm. A smaller fraction (25%) of the females is functionally mature at sizes

ACS Style

Anette Ungfors; Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveterås. Sexual maturity of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in the Skagerrak and the Kattegat, based on reproductive and morphometric characters. ICES Journal of Marine Science 2007, 64, 318 -327.

AMA Style

Anette Ungfors, Håkan Eggert, Ragnar Tveterås. Sexual maturity of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in the Skagerrak and the Kattegat, based on reproductive and morphometric characters. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2007; 64 (2):318-327.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anette Ungfors; Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveterås. 2007. "Sexual maturity of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in the Skagerrak and the Kattegat, based on reproductive and morphometric characters." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 2: 318-327.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2005 in Ambio
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ACS Style

Tore Söderqvist; Håkan Eggert; Björn Olsson; Åsa Soutukorva. Economic Valuation for Sustainable Development in the Swedish Coastal Zone. Ambio 2005, 34, 169 -175.

AMA Style

Tore Söderqvist, Håkan Eggert, Björn Olsson, Åsa Soutukorva. Economic Valuation for Sustainable Development in the Swedish Coastal Zone. Ambio. 2005; 34 (2):169-175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tore Söderqvist; Håkan Eggert; Björn Olsson; Åsa Soutukorva. 2005. "Economic Valuation for Sustainable Development in the Swedish Coastal Zone." Ambio 34, no. 2: 169-175.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2005 in Ambio
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ACS Style

Tore Söderqvist; Håkan Eggert; Björn Olsson; Åsa Soutukorva. Economic Valuation for Sustainable Development in the Swedish Coastal Zone. Ambio 2005, 34, 169 .

AMA Style

Tore Söderqvist, Håkan Eggert, Björn Olsson, Åsa Soutukorva. Economic Valuation for Sustainable Development in the Swedish Coastal Zone. Ambio. 2005; 34 (2):169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tore Söderqvist; Håkan Eggert; Björn Olsson; Åsa Soutukorva. 2005. "Economic Valuation for Sustainable Development in the Swedish Coastal Zone." Ambio 34, no. 2: 169.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2004 in American Journal of Agricultural Economics
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We present a model of fishers' gear choice, which allows for heterogeneity both in production technology and risk preferences and apply it on a panel of Swedish trawlers. Stochastic revenue functions are estimated and used to predict the mean and standard deviation of revenue for each trip. In a random-parameters logit model, we test if these predicted values explain gear choice. A majority of fishers respond positively to increased mean and negatively to increased variability of expected landing values, indicating risk aversion, but also show a strong tendency to choose the same gear used on the previous trip.

ACS Style

Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveteras. Stochastic Production and Heterogeneous Risk Preferences: Commercial Fishers' Gear Choices. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 2004, 86, 199 -212.

AMA Style

Håkan Eggert, Ragnar Tveteras. Stochastic Production and Heterogeneous Risk Preferences: Commercial Fishers' Gear Choices. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 2004; 86 (1):199-212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Håkan Eggert; Ragnar Tveteras. 2004. "Stochastic Production and Heterogeneous Risk Preferences: Commercial Fishers' Gear Choices." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 86, no. 1: 199-212.