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In the present study, estimating pan evaporation (Epan) was evaluated based on different input parameters: maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, wind speed, and bright sunshine hours. The techniques used for estimating Epan were the artificial neural network (ANN), wavelet-based ANN (WANN), radial function-based support vector machine (SVM-RF), linear function-based SVM (SVM-LF), and multi-linear regression (MLR) models. The proposed models were trained and tested in three different scenarios (Scenario 1, Scenario 2, and Scenario 3) utilizing different percentages of data points. Scenario 1 includes 60%: 40%, Scenario 2 includes 70%: 30%, and Scenario 3 includes 80%: 20% accounting for the training and testing dataset, respectively. The various statistical tools such as Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC), root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and Willmott Index (WI) were used to evaluate the performance of the models. The graphical representation, such as a line diagram, scatter plot, and the Taylor diagram, were also used to evaluate the proposed model’s performance. The model results showed that the SVM-RF model’s performance is superior to other proposed models in all three scenarios. The most accurate values of PCC, RMSE, NSE, and WI were found to be 0.607, 1.349, 0.183, and 0.749, respectively, for the SVM-RF model during Scenario 1 (60%: 40% training: testing) among all scenarios. This showed that with an increase in the sample set for training, the testing data would show a less accurate modeled result. Thus, the evolved models produce comparatively better outcomes and foster decision-making for water managers and planners.
Manish Kumar; Anuradha Kumari; Deepak Kumar; Nadhir Al-Ansari; Rawshan Ali; Raushan Kumar; Ambrish Kumar; Ahmed Elbeltagi; Alban Kuriqi. The Superiority of Data-Driven Techniques for Estimation of Daily Pan Evaporation. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 701 .
AMA StyleManish Kumar, Anuradha Kumari, Deepak Kumar, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Rawshan Ali, Raushan Kumar, Ambrish Kumar, Ahmed Elbeltagi, Alban Kuriqi. The Superiority of Data-Driven Techniques for Estimation of Daily Pan Evaporation. Atmosphere. 2021; 12 (6):701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManish Kumar; Anuradha Kumari; Deepak Kumar; Nadhir Al-Ansari; Rawshan Ali; Raushan Kumar; Ambrish Kumar; Ahmed Elbeltagi; Alban Kuriqi. 2021. "The Superiority of Data-Driven Techniques for Estimation of Daily Pan Evaporation." Atmosphere 12, no. 6: 701.
Modeling the stage-discharge relationship in river flow is crucial in controlling floods, planning sustainable development, managing water resources and economic development, and sustaining the ecosystem. In the present study, two data-driven techniques, namely wavelet-based artificial neural networks (WANN) and a support vector machine with linear and radial basis kernel functions (SVM-LF and SVM-RF), were employed for daily discharge (Q) estimation. The hydrological data of daily stage (H) and discharge (Q) from June to October for 10 years (2004–2013) at the Govindpur station, situated in the Burhabalang river basin, Orissa, were considered for analysis. For model construction, an optimum number of inputs (lags) was extracted using the partial autocorrelation function (PACF) at a 5% level of significance. The outcomes of the WANN, SVM-LF, and SVM-RF models were appraised over the observed value of Q based on performance indicators, viz., root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC), and Willmott index (WI), and through visual inspection (time variation, scatter plot, and Taylor diagram). Results of the evaluation showed that the SVM-RF model (RMSE = 104.426 m3/s, NSE = 0.925, PCC = 0.964, WI = 0.979) outperformed the WANN and SVM-LF models with the combination of three inputs, i.e., current stage, one-day antecedent stage, and discharge, during the testing period. In addition, the SVM-RF model was found to be more reliable and robust than the other models and having important implications for water resources management at the study site.
Manish Kumar; Anuradha Kumari; Daniel Kushwaha; Pravendra Kumar; Anurag Malik; Rawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi. Estimation of Daily Stage–Discharge Relationship by Using Data-Driven Techniques of a Perennial River, India. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7877 .
AMA StyleManish Kumar, Anuradha Kumari, Daniel Kushwaha, Pravendra Kumar, Anurag Malik, Rawshan Ali, Alban Kuriqi. Estimation of Daily Stage–Discharge Relationship by Using Data-Driven Techniques of a Perennial River, India. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7877.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManish Kumar; Anuradha Kumari; Daniel Kushwaha; Pravendra Kumar; Anurag Malik; Rawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi. 2020. "Estimation of Daily Stage–Discharge Relationship by Using Data-Driven Techniques of a Perennial River, India." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7877.
This study aimed to assess the interrelationship among extreme natural events and their impacts on environments and humans through a systematic and quantitative review based on the up-to-date scientific literature. Namely, the main goal was to add additional knowledge to the existing evidence of the impacts related to floods, droughts, and landslides on humans and the environment in China; this in order to identify knowledge gaps in research and practice to aid in improving the adaptation and mitigation measures against extreme natural events in China. In this study, 110 documents were analyzed in the evaluation of several impacts triggered by extreme events. Records were obtained from Scopus and Web of Science and examined with a text mining instrument to assess the pattern of publications over the years; the problems linked to extreme weather events were investigated, and the study gaps were discussed. This paper extends work by systematically reviewing recent evidence related to floods, droughts, and landslides in China. We listed the critical studies that focused on the impact of extreme events on both humans and the environment described in current reviews. The findings revealed that goods safety, social safety, and financial losses are of significant concern to the scientific community due to extreme natural events, which from our analysis resulted in being more frequent and intense. It is still underdeveloped to implement distant sensing and imaging methods to monitor and detect the impact of severe weather occurrences. There are still significant study gaps in the fields of the effects of extreme weather events. The analysis result shows that extreme events are increased during the time, so more in-depth investigation and efforts on adaptation, mitigation measures, and strategical governance plans are desperately required.
Rawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi; Ozgur Kisi. Human–Environment Natural Disasters Interconnection in China: A Review. Climate 2020, 8, 48 .
AMA StyleRawshan Ali, Alban Kuriqi, Ozgur Kisi. Human–Environment Natural Disasters Interconnection in China: A Review. Climate. 2020; 8 (4):48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi; Ozgur Kisi. 2020. "Human–Environment Natural Disasters Interconnection in China: A Review." Climate 8, no. 4: 48.
Recent climate change has resulted in the reduction of several surface water bodies (SWBs) all around the globe. These SWBs, such as streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, and creeks have a positive impact on the cooling of the surrounding climate and, therefore, reduction in SWBs can contribute to the rise of land surface temperature (LST). This study presents the impact of SWBs on the LST across Bangladesh to quantify their roles in the rapid temperature rise of Bangladesh. The moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST and water mask data of Bangladesh for the period 2000–2015 are used for this purpose. Influences of topography and geography on LST were first removed, and then regression analysis was conducted to quantify the impact of SWBs on the LST. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) test was used to assess the changes in LST and SWBs. The results revealed that SWBs were reduced from 11,379 km2 in 2000 to 9657 km2 in 2015. The trend analysis showed that changes in SWBs have reduced significantly at a 90% level of confidence, which contributed to the acceleration of LST rise in the country due to global warming. The spatial analysis during the specific years showed that an increase in LST can be seen with the reduction of SWBs. Furthermore, the reduction of 100 m2 of SWBs can reduce the LST of the surrounding regions from −1.2 to −2.2 °C.
Najeebullah Khan; Shamsuddin Shahid; Eun-Sung Chung; Sungkon Kim; Rawshan Ali. Influence of Surface Water Bodies on the Land Surface Temperature of Bangladesh. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6754 .
AMA StyleNajeebullah Khan, Shamsuddin Shahid, Eun-Sung Chung, Sungkon Kim, Rawshan Ali. Influence of Surface Water Bodies on the Land Surface Temperature of Bangladesh. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6754.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNajeebullah Khan; Shamsuddin Shahid; Eun-Sung Chung; Sungkon Kim; Rawshan Ali. 2019. "Influence of Surface Water Bodies on the Land Surface Temperature of Bangladesh." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6754.
Water is gradually becoming scarce in Afghanistan like in many other regions of the globe. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial changes in the availability and sustainability of water resources in Afghanistan. The Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) data of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite obtained from three different institutes, having 1° × 1° spatial resolution for the period 2002–2016 was used for this purpose. Sen’s slope method was used to assess the rate of change, and the Modified Mann–Kendall test was used for the evaluation of the significance of trends in TWS. After, the concept of reliability–resiliency–vulnerability (RRV) was used for assessing the spatial distribution of sustainability in water resources. The results revealed a significant decrease in water availability in the country over the last 15 years. The decrease was found to be highest in the central region where most of the population of the country resides. The reliability in water resources was found high in the northeast Himalayan region and low in the southwest desert; resilience was found low in the central region, while vulnerability was found high in the south and the southeast. Overall, the water resources of the country were found most sustainable in the northeast and southwest and least in the south and the central parts. The maps of water resource sustainability and the changes in water availability produced in the present study can be used for long-term planning of water resources for adaptation to global changes. Besides, those can be used for the management of water resources in a sustainable and judicious manner.
Mohammad Naser Sediqi; Mohammed Sanusi Shiru; Mohamed Salem Nashwan; Rawshan Ali; Shadan Abubaker; Xiaojun Wang; Kamal Ahmed; Shamsuddin Shahid; Asaduzzaman; Sayed Mir Agha Manawi. Spatio-Temporal Pattern in the Changes in Availability and Sustainability of Water Resources in Afghanistan. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5836 .
AMA StyleMohammad Naser Sediqi, Mohammed Sanusi Shiru, Mohamed Salem Nashwan, Rawshan Ali, Shadan Abubaker, Xiaojun Wang, Kamal Ahmed, Shamsuddin Shahid, Asaduzzaman, Sayed Mir Agha Manawi. Spatio-Temporal Pattern in the Changes in Availability and Sustainability of Water Resources in Afghanistan. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (20):5836.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Naser Sediqi; Mohammed Sanusi Shiru; Mohamed Salem Nashwan; Rawshan Ali; Shadan Abubaker; Xiaojun Wang; Kamal Ahmed; Shamsuddin Shahid; Asaduzzaman; Sayed Mir Agha Manawi. 2019. "Spatio-Temporal Pattern in the Changes in Availability and Sustainability of Water Resources in Afghanistan." Sustainability 11, no. 20: 5836.
Performance of 31 General Circulation Models (GCMs) of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) was assessed according to their ability to reconstruct the different properties of heat waves (HWs); HW frequency, HW duration and HW index estimated using Princeton Global Meteorological Forcing (PGF) daily temperature data for the period 1961 to 2005 in order to generate an ensemble for the projection of HWs in Pakistan. The GCMs were selected based on three criteria: (1) ability to replicate the decadal variability in HW properties, (2) ability to reconstruct the spatial distribution of HW properties based on Taylor skill score, (3) replicate the annual time series of HW properties based on standard statistical indices and compromise programming. Results revealed four GCMs: CCSM4, CESM1(BGC), CMCC-CM and NorESM1-M are the most suitable for the projection of HWs over Pakistan. Projection of HWs using the selected GCMs revealed increase in the frequency and severity of HWs in most parts of Pakistan for both the radiative concentration pathway (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios used in the study. The frequency of HWs was projected to increase up to 12 events per year while the duration was projected to increase up to 100 days in a year during 2060 to 2099 for the highest emission scenario. Overall, the HWs were projected to be more frequent and longer duration in the east and the southern coastal regions.
Najeebullah Khan; Shamsuddin Shahid; Kamal Ahmed; Xiaojun Wang; Rawshan Ali; Tarmizi Ismail; Nadeem Nawaz. Selection of GCMs for the projection of spatial distribution of heat waves in Pakistan. Atmospheric Research 2019, 233, 104688 .
AMA StyleNajeebullah Khan, Shamsuddin Shahid, Kamal Ahmed, Xiaojun Wang, Rawshan Ali, Tarmizi Ismail, Nadeem Nawaz. Selection of GCMs for the projection of spatial distribution of heat waves in Pakistan. Atmospheric Research. 2019; 233 ():104688.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNajeebullah Khan; Shamsuddin Shahid; Kamal Ahmed; Xiaojun Wang; Rawshan Ali; Tarmizi Ismail; Nadeem Nawaz. 2019. "Selection of GCMs for the projection of spatial distribution of heat waves in Pakistan." Atmospheric Research 233, no. : 104688.
The human influence on the river ecosystem has increased in recent years to feed the growing demand for water to communities by constructing different water structures. It is essential to understand the potential impacts of water structures on river hydrologic regimes. Thus, this study investigates the influence of the cascade dams located upstream of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River on the river ecosystem. The study was carried out for the period 2003–2015 for both Cuntan and Miaohe stations. The analysis was conducted considering two periods, pre-impact; before the dam construction and post-impact; after the dam construction. The assessment was carried out using “Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration.” The results of this study revealed that the cascade dams built upstream of Three Gorges Dam has both positive and negative impacts at both stations. Flows were found to have positive impacts in July while low in October for both stations. The 1-day minimum flows were found to decrease by 7% over Miaohe Station while the 1-day maximum was decreased up to 2% in Cuntan. Overall, the results of the study indicate that there are undesirable impacts which should be adjusted to maintain the river ecosystem at an acceptable level compared to its natural state. It is expected that the findings of the study can guide water managers to adjust the hydropower operation sustainably.
Rawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi; Shadan Abubaker; Ozgur Kisi. Hydrologic Alteration at the Upper and Middle Part of the Yangtze River, China: Towards Sustainable Water Resource Management Under Increasing Water Exploitation. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5176 .
AMA StyleRawshan Ali, Alban Kuriqi, Shadan Abubaker, Ozgur Kisi. Hydrologic Alteration at the Upper and Middle Part of the Yangtze River, China: Towards Sustainable Water Resource Management Under Increasing Water Exploitation. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5176.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi; Shadan Abubaker; Ozgur Kisi. 2019. "Hydrologic Alteration at the Upper and Middle Part of the Yangtze River, China: Towards Sustainable Water Resource Management Under Increasing Water Exploitation." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5176.
Trend analysis of streamflow provides practical information for better management of water resources on the eve of climate change. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the presence of possible trends in the annual, seasonal, maximum, and minimum flow of Yangtze River at Cuntan and Zhutuo stations in China for the period 1980 to 2015. The assessment was carried out using the Mann–Kendall trend test, and the innovative trend analysis, while Sen’s slope is used to estimate the magnitude of the changes. The results of the study revealed that there were increasing and decreasing trends at Cuntan and Zhutuo stations in different months. The mean annual flow was found to decrease at a rate of −26.76 m3/s and −17.37 m3/s at both stations. The minimum flow was found to significantly increase at a rate of 30.57 m3/s and 16.37 m3/s, at a 95% level of confidence. Maximum annual flows showed an increasing trend in both regions of the Yangtze River. On the seasonal scale, the results showed that stations are more sensitive to seasonal flow variability suggesting a probable flooding aggravation. The winter season showed an increasing flow trend, while summer showed a decreasing trend. The spring flow was found to have an increasing trend by the Mann–Kendall test at both stations, but in the Zhutuo Station, a decreasing trend was found by way of the innovative trend analysis method. However, the autumn flow indicated a decreasing trend over the region by the Mann–Kendall (MK) test at both stations while it had an increasing trend in Cuntan by the innovative trend analysis method. The result showed nonstationary increasing and decreasing flow trends over the region. Innovative trend analysis method has the advantage of detecting the sub-trends in the flow time series because of its ability to present the results in graphical format. The results of the study indicate that decreasing trends may create water scarcity if proper adaptation measures are not taken.
Rawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi; Shadan Abubaker; Ozgur Kisi. Long-Term Trends and Seasonality Detection of the Observed Flow in Yangtze River Using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Innovative Trend Method. Water 2019, 11, 1855 .
AMA StyleRawshan Ali, Alban Kuriqi, Shadan Abubaker, Ozgur Kisi. Long-Term Trends and Seasonality Detection of the Observed Flow in Yangtze River Using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Innovative Trend Method. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1855.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRawshan Ali; Alban Kuriqi; Shadan Abubaker; Ozgur Kisi. 2019. "Long-Term Trends and Seasonality Detection of the Observed Flow in Yangtze River Using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Innovative Trend Method." Water 11, no. 9: 1855.
The assessment of trends in river flows has become of interest to the scientific community in order to understand the changing characteristics of flow due to climate change. In this study, the trends in river flow of Dukan Dam located in the northern part of Iraq were assessed. The assessment was carried out for the period 1964 to 2013 using Sen’s slope and the Mann–Kendall test. Sen’s slope was used to assess the magnitude of change while the Mann–Kendall trend test was used to confirm the significance of trends. The results of the study showed that there was a decreasing trend in river flow both annually and for all individual months. The highest decreasing trend of −5.08846 m3/month was noticed in April, while the lowest change of −1.06022 m3/month was noticed in November. The annual flow also showed a significant decrease at a rate of −1.912 m3/year at a 95% level of confidence. Additionally, the findings of the study also confirmed that a decrease in precipitation and the construction of hydraulic structures reduced the flow in the river. The findings of the study suggest that decreasing trends may cause a water-scarce situation in the future if proper adaptation measures are not taken.
Rawshan Ali; Arez Ismael; Arien Heryansyah; Nadeem Nawaz. Long Term Historic Changes in the Flow of Lesser Zab River, Iraq. Hydrology 2019, 6, 22 .
AMA StyleRawshan Ali, Arez Ismael, Arien Heryansyah, Nadeem Nawaz. Long Term Historic Changes in the Flow of Lesser Zab River, Iraq. Hydrology. 2019; 6 (1):22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRawshan Ali; Arez Ismael; Arien Heryansyah; Nadeem Nawaz. 2019. "Long Term Historic Changes in the Flow of Lesser Zab River, Iraq." Hydrology 6, no. 1: 22.
Rawshan Othman Ali; Zhao Chunju; Zhou Yihon; Nadeem Nawaz. The Challenges of Water Resources Availability and Development in Huai River Basin, China. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 2018, 25, 1 -13.
AMA StyleRawshan Othman Ali, Zhao Chunju, Zhou Yihon, Nadeem Nawaz. The Challenges of Water Resources Availability and Development in Huai River Basin, China. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 2018; 25 (3):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRawshan Othman Ali; Zhao Chunju; Zhou Yihon; Nadeem Nawaz. 2018. "The Challenges of Water Resources Availability and Development in Huai River Basin, China." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 25, no. 3: 1-13.
Rawshan Othman Ali; Zhao Chunju; Zhou Yihon; Muhammad Imran Azam. The effects of human activities, climatic conditions and land-use factors on water resources development in huai river basin northeast china. International Journal of Hydrology 2018, 2, 1 .
AMA StyleRawshan Othman Ali, Zhao Chunju, Zhou Yihon, Muhammad Imran Azam. The effects of human activities, climatic conditions and land-use factors on water resources development in huai river basin northeast china. International Journal of Hydrology. 2018; 2 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRawshan Othman Ali; Zhao Chunju; Zhou Yihon; Muhammad Imran Azam. 2018. "The effects of human activities, climatic conditions and land-use factors on water resources development in huai river basin northeast china." International Journal of Hydrology 2, no. 2: 1.
Kamal Ahmed; Shamsuddin Shahid; Rawshan Ali; Sobri Bin Harun; Xiao-Jun Wang. Evaluation of the performance of gridded precipitation products over Balochistan Province, Pakistan. Desalination and Water Treatment 2017, 79, 73 -86.
AMA StyleKamal Ahmed, Shamsuddin Shahid, Rawshan Ali, Sobri Bin Harun, Xiao-Jun Wang. Evaluation of the performance of gridded precipitation products over Balochistan Province, Pakistan. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2017; 79 ():73-86.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamal Ahmed; Shamsuddin Shahid; Rawshan Ali; Sobri Bin Harun; Xiao-Jun Wang. 2017. "Evaluation of the performance of gridded precipitation products over Balochistan Province, Pakistan." Desalination and Water Treatment 79, no. : 73-86.