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Shuai Wang
Institute of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China.

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Journal article
Published: 28 November 2019 in Scientific Reports
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Rice straw can adsorb Cd(II) from wastewater, and modification of rice straw may improve its adsorption efficiency. The rice straw powder (Sp) from the direct pulverization of rice straw was used as the control, the rice straw ash (Sa), biochar (Sa), and modified rice straw (Ms) were prepared by ashing, pyrolysis and citric acid modification, respectively, and all of them were examined as adsorbents for Cd(II) in this study. Batch adsorption experiments were adopted to systematically compare the adsorption capacities of rice straw materials prepared with different modification methods for Cd(II) from aqueous solution under different levels of initial Cd(II) concentration (0–800 mg·L−1), temperature (298, 308, and 318 K), contact time (0–1440 min), pH value (2–10), and ionic strength (0–0.6 mol·L−1). The results indicated that the modification method affected the adsorption of Cd(II) by changing the specific surface area (SSA), Si content, surface morphology, and O-containing functional group of rice straw. Compared with Sp, Ms held more surface O–H, aliphatic and aromatic groups, while Sa had more phenolic, C–O (or C–O–C), and Si–O groups, and Sb held more C–O (or C–O–C) and Si–O groups; besides, Sa, Sb, and Ms had larger SSA than Sp. Adsorption capacity of the four adsorbents for Cd(II) increased and gradually became saturated with the increase in the initial Cd(II) concentration (0–800 mg·L−1). The adsorption capacity of Cd(II) was significantly higher at 318 K than 298 K and 308 K, regardless of the adsorbent type. Sa had the largest SSA (192.38 m2·g−1) and the largest adsorption capacity for Cd(II). When the initial Cd2+ concentration was at 800 mg·L−1, the Cd(II) adsorption amount reached as high as 68.7 mg·g−1 with Sa at 318 K. However, the SSA of Sp was only 1.83 m2·g−1, and it had the least adsorption capacity for Cd(II). Only the adsorption of Cd(II) upon Sb at 298 K was spontaneous, and surprisingly, all other adsorptions were nonspontaneous. These adsorptions were all chemical, and were favorable, exothermic and order-increasing processes. The pseudo-second-order model showed a strong fit to the kinetics of Cd(II) adsorption by the four adsorbents. The adsorption capacities of Cd(II) by the adsorbents were less at low pH, and all were enhanced with the increase of initial pH value (2–10) in the solution. The inhibiting effect on Cd(II) adsorption due to the increase in ionic strength was greater with Sa, Sb, and Ms than that under Sp. The rice straw ash prepared by ashing unexpectedly had greater adsorption capacity for Cd(II) than the biochar and citric acid modified rice straw. The optimum condition for Cd(II) adsorption was established as the temperature of 318 K, initial Cd(II) concentration of 800 mg·L−1, contact time of 240 min, and no Na(I) interference regardless of absorbent. In conclusion, rice straw ash shows the greatest potential of being applied to paddy fields for the remediation of Cd(II) pollution so as to reduce the risk of Cd(II) enrichment in rice grains and straws.

ACS Style

Shuai Wang; Nan Wang; Kai Yao; Yuchuan Fan; Wanhong Li; Weihua Han; Xinhua Yin; Dianyuan Chen. Characterization and Interpretation of Cd (II) Adsorption by Different Modified Rice Straws under Contrasting Conditions. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Shuai Wang, Nan Wang, Kai Yao, Yuchuan Fan, Wanhong Li, Weihua Han, Xinhua Yin, Dianyuan Chen. Characterization and Interpretation of Cd (II) Adsorption by Different Modified Rice Straws under Contrasting Conditions. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Wang; Nan Wang; Kai Yao; Yuchuan Fan; Wanhong Li; Weihua Han; Xinhua Yin; Dianyuan Chen. 2019. "Characterization and Interpretation of Cd (II) Adsorption by Different Modified Rice Straws under Contrasting Conditions." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Rice straw is a kind of low-cost biosorbent. Through mechanical crushing, pyrolysis, incineration, and citric acid (CA) modification, it could be converted to rice straw powder (Sp), biochar (Sb), ash (Sa), and modified rice straw (Ms) accordingly. Using rice straw as an adsorbent, the influence of pH value (2, 4, and 9), initial Cd(II) concentration (0, 200, and 800 mg/L), and ionic strength (0, 0.2, to 0.6 mg/L) on the adsorption capacity for Cd(II) were examined with three replicates, and the relevant mechanisms were explored using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technology. Results showed that the modifications could improve the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by changing their chemical structures. The products (Sb and Sa) of the pyrolysis and incineration of rice straw contained fewer hydroxyl and alkyl groups, but more Si-O groups. Citric acid modification removed a portion of silica in rice straw, increased its carboxylic content, and made more -OH groups exposed. Compared with Sp, Sb, Sa, and Ms were more likely to act as π donors in the Cd(II) sorption process and exhibited more carboxyl binding. The bands of C = C, -O-CH3, and the O-H, carboxyl, Si-O-Si or Si-O groups were involved in the Cd(II) sorption process. The adsorption amount of Cd(II) by the four adsorbents increased with the increase in the pH value of the solution and the initial Cd(II) concentration. Affected by pH in a solution, ion exchange, surface complexation, and precipitation were the major adsorption mechanisms. Further, under the influence of the initial Cd(II) concentration, electrostatic attraction played a leading role. With no interference by ionic strength, all the adsorbents had the greatest adsorption amount of Cd(II), and the intensity of O-H vibration was also the weakest; ion exchange was the most important mechanism in this process. Regardless of the influencing factors, Sa, with the greatest specific surface area, had an absolute advantage in the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) over Sp, Sb, and Ms.

ACS Style

Shuai Wang; Wanhong Li; Xinhua Yin; Nan Wang; Shuai Yuan; Ting Yan; Shuang Qu; Xiangbo Yang; Dianyuan Chen. Cd(II) Adsorption on Different Modified Rice Straws under FTIR Spectroscopy as Influenced by Initial pH, Cd(II) Concentration, and Ionic Strength. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4129 .

AMA Style

Shuai Wang, Wanhong Li, Xinhua Yin, Nan Wang, Shuai Yuan, Ting Yan, Shuang Qu, Xiangbo Yang, Dianyuan Chen. Cd(II) Adsorption on Different Modified Rice Straws under FTIR Spectroscopy as Influenced by Initial pH, Cd(II) Concentration, and Ionic Strength. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (21):4129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Wang; Wanhong Li; Xinhua Yin; Nan Wang; Shuai Yuan; Ting Yan; Shuang Qu; Xiangbo Yang; Dianyuan Chen. 2019. "Cd(II) Adsorption on Different Modified Rice Straws under FTIR Spectroscopy as Influenced by Initial pH, Cd(II) Concentration, and Ionic Strength." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21: 4129.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2019 in Sustainability
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Returning organic materials to fields is an effective management practice for improving soil quality in agroecosystems. In the case of scarce organic material resources, choosing the optimal material type for improving the quality of a soil type is an urgent problem to be solved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal variations in the spectroscopic characterization of humic acids (HAs) over a period of 90 days after applying biotechnologically extracted fulvic acid (BFA), well-decomposed sheep manure (M), corn stover pellets (Ps) and corn stover powder (Pr) at equal C amount to a chernozem under laboratory conditions, measured by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis). The results indicated that the BFA and Pr with higher C contents (68.9 and 59.8 g kg−1, respectively) were more beneficial to the C mineralization of HAs. M, applied in the largest amount, together with the highest available N, P, and K contents (575.4, 160.1, 478.9 mg kg−1, respectively), and its more easily consumed carbohydrates as well as well-decomposed status, was more likely to promote the condensation of HAs. BFA carried more hydrophilic groups into the HAs, while Ps did not introduce high levels of adsorbed H2O molecules and aromatic C=C (or C=O) groups. Ps did not affect the molecular structure of HAs after incorporation into the chernozem. At the equal C input amount, M had the greatest benefit, whereas the beneficial effect of Ps was the least, in improving the chernozem quality.

ACS Style

Shiji Chen; Xinhua Yin; Shuai Wang; Jinggui Wu. Effects of Organic Material Types on Temporal Changes in Characteristics of Humic Acids Extracted from a Chernozem. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5683 .

AMA Style

Shiji Chen, Xinhua Yin, Shuai Wang, Jinggui Wu. Effects of Organic Material Types on Temporal Changes in Characteristics of Humic Acids Extracted from a Chernozem. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (20):5683.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shiji Chen; Xinhua Yin; Shuai Wang; Jinggui Wu. 2019. "Effects of Organic Material Types on Temporal Changes in Characteristics of Humic Acids Extracted from a Chernozem." Sustainability 11, no. 20: 5683.

Journal article
Published: 29 September 2019 in Sustainability
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The objective of this study was to examine the structure changes in humic acids (HAs) in Chernozem after the application of different types of organic materials (OMs) under an indoor simulation condition for plastic mulched drip irrigation, measured with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The biotechnological extract of fulvic acid (BFA), decomposed sheep manure (M), corn straw pellets (Ps) and corn straw powder (Pr) were used as the four OMs for testing, and they were applied to Chernozem at the same amount of actual material; three nitrogen (N) levels (no N, low N, and high N supply) were applied to each type of (OMs), separately. The total culture period was set to 90 days and soil sampling was taken at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively. The results showed that different types of OMs exerted different effects on Chernozem based on the FTIR spectra of HAs. The application of M combined with high N supply was the best way to fertilize Chernozem, under which the H-bonded OH groups and aromatic compounds were enhanced, resulting in increased soil carbon (C) sequestration; while the carbohydrates in HAs was easily consumed as microbial energy substance. The HAs from the Chernozem amended with BFA became more aliphatic, simpler and younger. High N supply was beneficial for increasing the complexity of HAs from Chernozem amended with Ps, but was not conducive to soil cation retention. Within a short time of incubation, the application of Pr combined with high N was detrimental to the C sequestration in Chernozem, and inhibited the consumption of carbohydrates by microorganisms.

ACS Style

Shuai Wang; Zhenyu Zhang; Xinhua Yin; Dianyuan Chen. Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5405 .

AMA Style

Shuai Wang, Zhenyu Zhang, Xinhua Yin, Dianyuan Chen. Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5405.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Wang; Zhenyu Zhang; Xinhua Yin; Dianyuan Chen. 2019. "Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5405.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2019 in Sustainability
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The contribution of microbial residues formed on lignin and cellulose to the formation of humus (HS) was investigated. The microbial residues formed by Aspergillus niger (A. niger) in the cultures of cellulose and lignin in a fluid medium were structurally characterized by elemental analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA), FTIR spectroscopy and CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy. Compared to cellulose itself, the microbial residue from cellulose contains more aromatic compounds and N-containing compounds and fewer carbohydrates and carboxylic compounds. A. niger improved the thermal stability and aromaticity of the cellulose. However, compared with that on lignin, more N-containing compounds, carbohydrates and carboxylic acid derivatives and less aromatic material were found in the microbial residue from lignin. Regardless of whether the carbon source was cellulose or lignin, A. niger utilized the N in the fluid medium to synthesize its own cells, and eventually, they could transfer the N into the microbial residue; in addition, the O-alkyl species dominated over the alkyl and aromatic compounds in the microbial residue. Although the molecular structures of the components of the microbial residue from lignin tended to be simpler, they were more alkylated, more hydrophobic and less aliphatic than those from cellulose. During culture with A. niger, the cellulose underwent degradation and then a polymerization, which led to an increased degree of condensation but a lower degree of oxidation, providing essential precursor substances for HSs formation. However, lignin underwent oxidative degradation. The microbial residue from lignin had a lower degree of condensation and a higher degree of oxidation.

ACS Style

Shuai Wang; Nan Wang; Junping Xu; Xi Zhang; Sen Dou. Contribution of Microbial Residues Obtained from Lignin and Cellulose on Humus Formation. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4777 .

AMA Style

Shuai Wang, Nan Wang, Junping Xu, Xi Zhang, Sen Dou. Contribution of Microbial Residues Obtained from Lignin and Cellulose on Humus Formation. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4777.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Wang; Nan Wang; Junping Xu; Xi Zhang; Sen Dou. 2019. "Contribution of Microbial Residues Obtained from Lignin and Cellulose on Humus Formation." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4777.

Research article
Published: 20 June 2019 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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This paper determines the impact of two clay minerals (kaolinite and montmorillonite) and three oxides (goethite, δ-MnO2, and bayerite) on the elemental composition and FTIR spectra of humic-like acid (HLA) extracted from microbial-mineral residue formed from the microbial utilization of lignin in liquid shake flask cultivation. Goethite, bayerite, and δ-MnO2 showed higher enrichment capabilities of C and O + S in the HLA than kaolinite and montmorillonite. Goethite showed the highest retention of organic C, followed by bayerite, but kaolinite exhibited the least exchangeability. Kaolinite and montmorillonite enhanced microbial consumption of N, resulting in the absence of N in HLA. A few aliphatic fractions were preferentially gathered on the surfaces of kaolinite and montmorillonite, making the H/C ratios of HLA from the clay mineral treatments higher than those of HLA from the oxide treatments. δ-MnO2 was considered the most effective catalyst for abiotic humification, and goethite and bayerite ranked second and third in this regard. This trend was proportional to their specific surface areas (SSAs). However, comparing the effects of different treatments on the promotion of HLA condensation by relying solely on the SSA of minerals was not sufficient, and other influencing mechanisms had to be considered as well. Additionally, Si-O-Al and Si-O of kaolinite participated in HLA formation, and Si-OH, Si-O, and Si-O-Al of montmorillonite also contributed to this biological process. Fe-O and phenolic -OH of goethite, Mn-O of δ-MnO2, and Al-O of bayerite were all involved in HLA formation through ligand exchange and cation bridges. Lignin was better protected from microbial decomposition by the kaolinite, bayerite, and δ-MnO2 treatments, which caused lignin-like humus (HS) formation. Under the treatments of δ-MnO2, goethite, and bayerite, HLA showed a greater degree of condensation compared to HLA precipitated by kaolinite and montmorillonite. Contributions from Si-O, and Si-O-Al of clay minerals, and Fe-O, Mn-O, and Al-O of oxides were the mechanisms by which minerals catalyzed the formation of HS from lignin.

ACS Style

Shuai Wang; Junping Xu; Xi Zhang; Yu Wang; Jiayan Fan; Lan Liu; Nan Wang; Dianyuan Chen. Structural characteristics of humic-like acid from microbial utilization of lignin involving different mineral types. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 26, 23923 -23936.

AMA Style

Shuai Wang, Junping Xu, Xi Zhang, Yu Wang, Jiayan Fan, Lan Liu, Nan Wang, Dianyuan Chen. Structural characteristics of humic-like acid from microbial utilization of lignin involving different mineral types. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 26 (23):23923-23936.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Wang; Junping Xu; Xi Zhang; Yu Wang; Jiayan Fan; Lan Liu; Nan Wang; Dianyuan Chen. 2019. "Structural characteristics of humic-like acid from microbial utilization of lignin involving different mineral types." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 23: 23923-23936.

English abstract
Published: 01 September 2011 in Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu
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ACS Style

Shuai Wang; Nan Wang; Cui-Lan Li; Jin-Jing Zhang; Sen Dou. [FTIR spectroscopic analysis of Cu2+ adsorption on hematite and bayerite]. Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 2011, 31, 1 .

AMA Style

Shuai Wang, Nan Wang, Cui-Lan Li, Jin-Jing Zhang, Sen Dou. [FTIR spectroscopic analysis of Cu2+ adsorption on hematite and bayerite]. Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu. 2011; 31 (9):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Wang; Nan Wang; Cui-Lan Li; Jin-Jing Zhang; Sen Dou. 2011. "[FTIR spectroscopic analysis of Cu2+ adsorption on hematite and bayerite]." Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu 31, no. 9: 1.