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The present study aimed to assess the efficiency of silver bio-nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in inactivating of the Aspergillus fumigatus, A. parasiticus and A. flavus var. columnaris and A. aculeatus spores. The AgNPs were synthesized in secondary metabolic products of Penicillium pedernalens 604EAN. The inactivation process was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) as a function of Ag NPs volume (1–10 μL/mL); time (10–120 min); pH (5–8); initial fungal concentrations (log10) (3–6). The artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to understand the behavior of spores for the factors affecting inactivation process. The best conditions to achieved SAL 10−6 of the fungal spores were recorded with 3.46 μl/mL of AgNPs, after 120 min at pH 5 and with 6 log of initial fungal spore concentrations, at which 5.99 vs. 6.09 (SAL 10−6) log reduction was recorded in actual and predicted results respectively with coefficient of 87.00%. The ANN revealed that the timehas major contribution in the inactivation process compare to Ag NPs volume. The fungal spores were totally inactivated (SAL 10−6, 6 log reduction with 99.9999%) after 110 min of the inactivation process, 10 min more was required to insure the irreversible inactivation of the fungal spores. The absence of protease and cellulase enzymes production confirm the total inactivation of the fungal spores. FESEM analysis revealed that the AgNPs which penetrated the fungal spores leading to damage and deform the fungal spore morphology. The AFM analysis confirmed the total spore surface damage. The bands in the range of the Raman spectroscopy from 1300 to 1600 cm−1 in the inactivated spores indicate the presence of CH3, CH2 and the deformation of lipids released outside the spore cytoplasm. These finding indicate that the AgNPs has high potential as a green alternative inactivation process for the airborne fungal spores.
Efaq Noman; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis Talip; Norzila Othman; Sohrab Hossain; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Nayef Alduais. Inactivation of fungal spores from clinical environment by silver bio-nanoparticles; optimization, artificial neural network model and mechanism. Environmental Research 2021, 111926 .
AMA StyleEfaq Noman, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Balkis Talip, Norzila Othman, Sohrab Hossain, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Nayef Alduais. Inactivation of fungal spores from clinical environment by silver bio-nanoparticles; optimization, artificial neural network model and mechanism. Environmental Research. 2021; ():111926.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEfaq Noman; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis Talip; Norzila Othman; Sohrab Hossain; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Nayef Alduais. 2021. "Inactivation of fungal spores from clinical environment by silver bio-nanoparticles; optimization, artificial neural network model and mechanism." Environmental Research , no. : 111926.
This study investigated the optimization of the bioconcrete engineering properties and durability as a response of the calcium lactate (CL) content (0.22–2.18 g/L) and curing duration (7–28 days) using the response surface methodology (RSM). Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was conducted to evaluate the microstructure of calcium precipitated inside the bioconcrete. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the engineering properties of concrete and durability were determined at 2.18 g/L of CL content after 23.4 days. The actual and predicted values of the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and water absorption were 43.51 vs. 43.43, 3.19 vs. 3.19, 6.93 vs. 5.50, and 7.55 vs. 7.55, respectively, with a level of confidence exceeding 95%. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that the amount of calcium increased with the increase in CL content up to 2.81 g/L at 23.4 days, reducing the pores inside the concrete and making it a great potential option for healing of concrete structures.
Saddam Hussein Abo Sabah; Luis Hii Anneza; Mohd Irwan Juki; Hisham Alabduljabbar; Norzila Othman; Adel Ali Al-Gheethi; Abdullah Faisal Al-Shalif. The Use of Calcium Lactate to Enhance the Durability and Engineering Properties of Bioconcrete. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9269 .
AMA StyleSaddam Hussein Abo Sabah, Luis Hii Anneza, Mohd Irwan Juki, Hisham Alabduljabbar, Norzila Othman, Adel Ali Al-Gheethi, Abdullah Faisal Al-Shalif. The Use of Calcium Lactate to Enhance the Durability and Engineering Properties of Bioconcrete. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9269.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaddam Hussein Abo Sabah; Luis Hii Anneza; Mohd Irwan Juki; Hisham Alabduljabbar; Norzila Othman; Adel Ali Al-Gheethi; Abdullah Faisal Al-Shalif. 2021. "The Use of Calcium Lactate to Enhance the Durability and Engineering Properties of Bioconcrete." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9269.
This research aimed to optimize the compressive strength of bio-foamed concrete brick (B-FCB) via a combination of the natural sequestration of CO2 and the bio-reaction of B. tequilensis enzymes. The experiments were guided by two optimization methods, namely, 2k factorial and response surface methodology (RSM). The 2k factorial analysis was carried out to screen the important factors; then, RSM analysis was performed to optimize the compressive strength of B-FCB. Four factors, namely, density (D), B. tequilensis concentration (B), temperature (T), and CO2 concentration, were selectively varied during the study. The optimum compressive strength of B-FCB was 8.22 MPa, as deduced from the following conditions: 10% CO2, 3 × 107 cell/mL of B, 27 °C of T and 1800 kg/m3 of D after 28 days. The use of B. tequilensis in B-FCB improved the compressive strength by 35.5% compared to the foamed concrete brick (FCB) after 28 days. A microstructure analysis by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) reflected the changes in chemical element levels and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation in the B-FCB pores. This was due to the B. tequilensis surface reactions of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and urease enzyme with calcium in cement and sequestered CO2 during the curing time.
Abdullah Faisal Alshalif; J. M. Irwan; Husnul Azan Tajarudin; N. Othman; A. A. Al-Gheethi; S. Shamsudin; Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti; Saddam Abo Sabah. Optimization of Bio-Foamed Concrete Brick Strength via Bacteria Based Self-Healing and Bio-Sequestration of CO2. Materials 2021, 14, 4575 .
AMA StyleAbdullah Faisal Alshalif, J. M. Irwan, Husnul Azan Tajarudin, N. Othman, A. A. Al-Gheethi, S. Shamsudin, Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti, Saddam Abo Sabah. Optimization of Bio-Foamed Concrete Brick Strength via Bacteria Based Self-Healing and Bio-Sequestration of CO2. Materials. 2021; 14 (16):4575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Faisal Alshalif; J. M. Irwan; Husnul Azan Tajarudin; N. Othman; A. A. Al-Gheethi; S. Shamsudin; Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti; Saddam Abo Sabah. 2021. "Optimization of Bio-Foamed Concrete Brick Strength via Bacteria Based Self-Healing and Bio-Sequestration of CO2." Materials 14, no. 16: 4575.
The present study developed a cleaner production bio-cementitious mortars (BCM) using immobilised Bacillus sphaericus activity. In order to achieve a sustainable enhancement of BCM, the effect of curing in distilled water (DW as normal water), deposition medium (DM as controlled nutrient), and runoff water (RW as uncontrolled nutrient) was investigated compared to control cementitious mortars (CCM). The BCM production was optimised based on curing days (3–90 days) and setting time (225–340 min). The results revealed that the optimal conditions to generate BCM in different curing media were recorded after 84 days with 240 min of the setting time. The compressive strength ranged from 40 to 54 MPa in BCM, compared to 40.5–41.5 MPa in CCM, ISA was 0.1–0.08 mL/m2/s in BCM and 0.11–0.12 mL/m2/s in CCM, water absorption was 3.23%–2.54% in BCM and 8.08%–7.42% in CCM, porosity was 7.98%–5.99% in BCM and 13.70%–13.37% in CCM, weight was 3.35–85.88 g in BCM and 1.90–81.70 g in CCM, and water permeability was 1.87–1.1 m/s in BCM and 3.04–2.99 × 10–12 m/s in CCM. The consolidation of pore inside the BCM was due to sufficient nutrient for bacterial activity. This enabled continuous production of more CaCO3 to fill the pore. The microstructural test results proved the formation of the CaCO3 precipitation inside the cement matrix. This is parallel with the improvement of BCM performances by the modification of porosity and pore, especially for the sample cured in the runoff water which showed that the precipitation of CaCO3 were denser and strong. The techno-economic analysis revealed that the specific cost of bio-cementitious material production is estimated to be USD 46.12 per m3 with 45% of the IRR (the investment) efficiency and the payback period (PBP) of 10 years of the lifetime which indicate that the production of bio-cementitious material and is economically feasible.
Norfaniza Mokhtar; Megat Azmi Megat Johari; Husnul Azan Tajarudin; Adel Ali Al-Gheethi; Hassan Amer Algaifi. A sustainable enhancement of bio-cement using immobilised Bacillus sphaericus: Optimization, microstructural properties, and techno-economic analysis for a cleaner production of bio-cementitious mortars. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 318, 128470 .
AMA StyleNorfaniza Mokhtar, Megat Azmi Megat Johari, Husnul Azan Tajarudin, Adel Ali Al-Gheethi, Hassan Amer Algaifi. A sustainable enhancement of bio-cement using immobilised Bacillus sphaericus: Optimization, microstructural properties, and techno-economic analysis for a cleaner production of bio-cementitious mortars. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 318 ():128470.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNorfaniza Mokhtar; Megat Azmi Megat Johari; Husnul Azan Tajarudin; Adel Ali Al-Gheethi; Hassan Amer Algaifi. 2021. "A sustainable enhancement of bio-cement using immobilised Bacillus sphaericus: Optimization, microstructural properties, and techno-economic analysis for a cleaner production of bio-cementitious mortars." Journal of Cleaner Production 318, no. : 128470.
The current review aims to summarise the biodiversity and biosynthesis of novel secondary metabolites compounds, of the phylum Actinobacteria and the diverse range of secondary metabolites produced that vary depending on its ecological environments they inhabit. Actinobacteria creates a wide range of bioactive substances that can be of great value to public health and the pharmaceutical industry. The literature analysis process for this review was conducted using the VOSviewer software tool to visualise the bibliometric networks of the most relevant databases from the Scopus database in the period between 2010 and 22 March 2021. Screening and exploring the available literature relating to the extreme environments and ecosystems that Actinobacteria inhabit aims to identify new strains of this major microorganism class, producing unique novel bioactive compounds. The knowledge gained from these studies is intended to encourage scientists in the natural product discovery field to identify and characterise novel strains containing various bioactive gene clusters with potential clinical applications. It is evident that Actinobacteria adapted to survive in extreme environments represent an important source of a wide range of bioactive compounds. Actinobacteria have a large number of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. They can synthesise thousands of subordinate metabolites with different biological actions such as anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-virus, anti-cancer and growth-promoting compounds. These are highly significant economically due to their potential applications in the food, nutrition and health industries and thus support our communities’ well-being.
Muhanna Al-Shaibani; Radin Radin Mohamed; Nik Sidik; Hesham Enshasy; Adel Al-Gheethi; Efaq Noman; Nabil Al-Mekhlafi; Noraziah Zin. Biodiversity of Secondary Metabolites Compounds Isolated from Phylum Actinobacteria and Its Therapeutic Applications. Molecules 2021, 26, 4504 .
AMA StyleMuhanna Al-Shaibani, Radin Radin Mohamed, Nik Sidik, Hesham Enshasy, Adel Al-Gheethi, Efaq Noman, Nabil Al-Mekhlafi, Noraziah Zin. Biodiversity of Secondary Metabolites Compounds Isolated from Phylum Actinobacteria and Its Therapeutic Applications. Molecules. 2021; 26 (15):4504.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhanna Al-Shaibani; Radin Radin Mohamed; Nik Sidik; Hesham Enshasy; Adel Al-Gheethi; Efaq Noman; Nabil Al-Mekhlafi; Noraziah Zin. 2021. "Biodiversity of Secondary Metabolites Compounds Isolated from Phylum Actinobacteria and Its Therapeutic Applications." Molecules 26, no. 15: 4504.
Millions of litters of multifarious wastewater are directly disposed into the environment annually to reduce the processing costs leading to eutrophication and destroying the clean water sources. The bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have recently received significant attention from researchers due to their ability to convert waste into energy and their high efficiency of wastewater treatment. However, most of the performed researches of the BESs have focused on energy generation, which created a literature gap on the utilization of BESs for wastewater treatment. The review highlights this gap from various aspects, including the BESs trends, fundamentals, applications, and mechanisms. A different review approach has followed in the present work using a bibliometric review (BR) which defined the literature gap of BESs publications in the degradation process section and linked the systematic review (SR) with it to prove and review the finding systematically. The degradation mechanisms of the BESs have been illustrated comprehensively in the current work, and various suggestions have been provided for supporting future studies and cooperation.
Mohammed Al-Sahari; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Mohamed; Efaq Noman; M. Naushad; Mohd Baharudin Rizuan; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Norli Ismail. Green approach and strategies for wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemical systems: A critical review of fundamental concepts, applications, mechanism, and future trends. Chemosphere 2021, 131373 .
AMA StyleMohammed Al-Sahari, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Mohamed, Efaq Noman, M. Naushad, Mohd Baharudin Rizuan, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Norli Ismail. Green approach and strategies for wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemical systems: A critical review of fundamental concepts, applications, mechanism, and future trends. Chemosphere. 2021; ():131373.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Al-Sahari; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Mohamed; Efaq Noman; M. Naushad; Mohd Baharudin Rizuan; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Norli Ismail. 2021. "Green approach and strategies for wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemical systems: A critical review of fundamental concepts, applications, mechanism, and future trends." Chemosphere , no. : 131373.
The present study aimed to investigate the removal efficiency of cephalexin (CFX) by a novel Cu-Zn bionanocomposite biosynthesized in the secondary metabolic products of Aspergillus arenarioides EAN603 with pumpkin peels medium (CZ-BNC-APP). The optimization study was performed based on CFX concentrations (1, 10.5 and 20 ppm); CZ-BNC-APP dosage (10, 55 and 100 mg/L); time (10, 55 and 100 min), temperature (20, 32.5 and 45 °C). The artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to understand the CFX behavior for the factors affecting removal process. The CZ-BNC-APP showed an irregular shape with porous structure and size between 20 and 80 nm. The FTIR detected CC, C–O and OH groups. ANN model revealed that CZ-BNC-APP dosage exhibited the vital role in the removal process, while the removal process having a thermodynamic nature. The CFX removal was optimized with 12.41 ppm CFX, 60.60 mg/L of CZ-BNC-APP, after 97.55 min and at 35 °C, the real maximum removal was 95.53% with 100.52 mg g-1 of the maximum adsorption capacity and 99.5% of the coefficient. The adsorption of CFX on CZ-BNC-APP was fitted with pseudo-second-order model and both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models. These findings revealed that CZ-BNC-APP exhibited high potential to remove CFX.
Adel Al-Gheethi; Efaq Noman; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis Talip; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Hassan Amer Algaifi. Cephalexin Removal by A Novel Cu-Zn Bionanocomposite Biosynthesized in Secondary Metabolic Products of Aspergillus arenarioides EAN603 with Pumpkin Peels Medium; Optimization, Kinetic and Artificial neural network models. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 419, 126500 .
AMA StyleAdel Al-Gheethi, Efaq Noman, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Balkis Talip, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Hassan Amer Algaifi. Cephalexin Removal by A Novel Cu-Zn Bionanocomposite Biosynthesized in Secondary Metabolic Products of Aspergillus arenarioides EAN603 with Pumpkin Peels Medium; Optimization, Kinetic and Artificial neural network models. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 419 ():126500.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdel Al-Gheethi; Efaq Noman; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis Talip; Dai-Viet N. Vo; Hassan Amer Algaifi. 2021. "Cephalexin Removal by A Novel Cu-Zn Bionanocomposite Biosynthesized in Secondary Metabolic Products of Aspergillus arenarioides EAN603 with Pumpkin Peels Medium; Optimization, Kinetic and Artificial neural network models." Journal of Hazardous Materials 419, no. : 126500.
The current review highlighted the quantitative microbiological risk assessment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Prawn farm wastewaters (PFWWs) and the applicability of nanoparticles for eliminating antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). The high availability of the antibiotics in the environment and their transmission into human through the food-chain might cause unknown health effects. The aquaculture environments are considered as a reservoir for the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and contributed effectively in the increasing of ABR. The metagenomic analysis is used to explore ARGs in the non-clinical environment. V. parahaemolyticus is among the pathogenic bacteria which are transmitted through sea food causing human acute gastroenteritis due to available thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), adhesins, TDH related hemolysin (trh). The inactivation of pathogenic bacteria using nanoparticles act by disturbing the cell membrane, interrupting the transport system, DNA and mitochondria damage, and oxidizing the cellular component by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The chloramphenicol, nitrofurans, and nitroimidazole are among the prohibited drugs in fish and fishery product. The utilization of probiotics is the most effective and safe alternative for antibiotics in Prawn aquaculture. This review will ensure public understanding among the readers on how they can decrease the risk of the antimicrobial resistance distribution in the environment.
Efaq Noman; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis Talip; Mohamed Al-Sahari; Muhanna Al-Shaibani. Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment of Complex Microbial Community in Prawn Farm Wastewater and Applicability of Nanoparticles and Probiotics for Eliminating of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 419, 126418 .
AMA StyleEfaq Noman, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Balkis Talip, Mohamed Al-Sahari, Muhanna Al-Shaibani. Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment of Complex Microbial Community in Prawn Farm Wastewater and Applicability of Nanoparticles and Probiotics for Eliminating of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 419 ():126418.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEfaq Noman; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis Talip; Mohamed Al-Sahari; Muhanna Al-Shaibani. 2021. "Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment of Complex Microbial Community in Prawn Farm Wastewater and Applicability of Nanoparticles and Probiotics for Eliminating of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria." Journal of Hazardous Materials 419, no. : 126418.
The promising feature of the fungi from the marine environment as a source for anticancer agents belongs to the fungal ability to produce several compounds and enzymes which contribute effectively against the cancer cells growth. L-asparaginase acts by degrading the asparagine which is the main substance of cancer cells. Moreover, the compounds produced during the secondary metabolic process acts by changing the cell morphology and DNA fragmentation leading to apoptosis of the cancer cells. The current review has analyed the available information on the anticancer activity of the fungi based on the data extracted from the Scopus database. The systematic and bibliometric analysis revealed many of the properties available for the fungi to be the best candidate as a source of anticancer drugs. Doxorubicin, actinomycin, and flavonoids are among the primary chemical drug used for cancer treatment. In comparison, the most anticancer compounds producing fungi are Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus A. oryzae, A. flavus, A. versicolor, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, P. chrysogenum, and P. polonicum and have been used for investigating the anticancer activity against the uterine cervix, pancreatic cancer, ovary, breast, colon, and colorectal cancer.
Efaq Noman; Muhanna Al-Shaibani; Muhammed Bakhrebah; Reyad Almoheer; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Radin Mohamed; Yaaser Almulaiky; Wesam Abdulaal. Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 436 .
AMA StyleEfaq Noman, Muhanna Al-Shaibani, Muhammed Bakhrebah, Reyad Almoheer, Mohammed Al-Sahari, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Radin Mohamed, Yaaser Almulaiky, Wesam Abdulaal. Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (6):436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEfaq Noman; Muhanna Al-Shaibani; Muhammed Bakhrebah; Reyad Almoheer; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Radin Mohamed; Yaaser Almulaiky; Wesam Abdulaal. 2021. "Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 6: 436.
In this article, the removal of cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic from non-clinical environment is reviewed. Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation techniques are widely used to remove CFX from waters and wastewaters, the combination of these methods is becoming more common for CFX removal. The treatment methods of CFX has not been reviewed before, the present article aim is to organize the scattered available information regarding sustainable approaches for CFX removal from non-clinical environment. These include adsorption by nanoparticles, bacterial biomass, biodegradation by bacterial enzymes and the photocatalysis using different catalysts and Photo-Fenton photocatalysis. The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) appeared to have high potential for CFX degradation. It is evident from the recently papers reviewed that the effective methods could be used in place of commercial activated carbon. The widespread uses of photocatalytic degradation for CFX remediation are strongly recommended due to their engineering applicability, technical feasibility, and high effectiveness. The adsorption capacity of the CFX is ranging from 7 mg CFX g−1 of activated carbon nanoparticles to 1667 mg CFX g−1 of Nano-zero-valent iron from Nettle. In contrast, the photo-degradation was 45% using Photo-Fenton while has increased to 100% using heterogeneous photoelectro-Fenton (HPEF) with UVA light using chalcopyrite catalyst.
Efaq Ali Noman; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis A. Talip; Sohrab Hossain; Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti; Norli Ismail. Sustainable approaches for removal of cephalexin antibiotic from non-clinical environments: A critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 417, 126040 .
AMA StyleEfaq Ali Noman, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Balkis A. Talip, Sohrab Hossain, Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti, Norli Ismail. Sustainable approaches for removal of cephalexin antibiotic from non-clinical environments: A critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 417 ():126040.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEfaq Ali Noman; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Balkis A. Talip; Sohrab Hossain; Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti; Norli Ismail. 2021. "Sustainable approaches for removal of cephalexin antibiotic from non-clinical environments: A critical review." Journal of Hazardous Materials 417, no. : 126040.
Textile industry is one of the most environmental unfriendly industrial processes due to the massive generation of colored wastewater contaminated with dyes and other chemical auxiliaries. These contaminants are known to have undesirable consequences to ecosystem. The present study investigated the best operating parameters for the removal of congo red (CR, as the model for dye wastewater) by orange peels extract biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) via photocatalysis in an aqueous solution. The response surface methodology (RSM) with ZnO NPs loadings (0.05–0.20 g), pH (3.00–11.00), and initial CR concentration (5–20 ppm) were used for the optimization process. The applicability of ZnO NPs in the dye wastewater treatment was evaluated based on the techno-economic analysis (TEA). ZnO NPs exhibited hexagonal wurtzite structure with =C–H, C–O, –C–O–C, C=C, O–H as the main functional groups. The maximum degradation of CR was more than 96% with 0.171 g of ZnO NPs, at pH 6.43 and 5 ppm of CR and 90% of the R2 coefficient. The specific cost of ZnO NPs production is USD 20.25 per kg. These findings indicated that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs with orange peels extract provides alternative method for treating dye wastewater.
G. Yashni; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; N. Vo Dai-Viet; Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Nurul Jihan Nor Hazhar; Efaq Noman; Sadeq Alkhadher. Bio-inspired ZnO NPs synthesized from Citrus sinensis peels extract for Congo red removal from textile wastewater via photocatalysis: Optimization, mechanisms, techno-economic analysis. Chemosphere 2021, 281, 130661 .
AMA StyleG. Yashni, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, N. Vo Dai-Viet, Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani, Mohammed Al-Sahari, Nurul Jihan Nor Hazhar, Efaq Noman, Sadeq Alkhadher. Bio-inspired ZnO NPs synthesized from Citrus sinensis peels extract for Congo red removal from textile wastewater via photocatalysis: Optimization, mechanisms, techno-economic analysis. Chemosphere. 2021; 281 ():130661.
Chicago/Turabian StyleG. Yashni; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; N. Vo Dai-Viet; Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Nurul Jihan Nor Hazhar; Efaq Noman; Sadeq Alkhadher. 2021. "Bio-inspired ZnO NPs synthesized from Citrus sinensis peels extract for Congo red removal from textile wastewater via photocatalysis: Optimization, mechanisms, techno-economic analysis." Chemosphere 281, no. : 130661.
The present research aimed to enhance the pharmaceutically active compounds’ (PhACs’) productivity from Streptomyces SUK 25 in submerged fermentation using response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool for optimization. Besides, the characteristics and mechanism of PhACs against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were determined. Further, the techno-economic analysis of PhACs production was estimated. The independent factors include the following: incubation time, pH, temperature, shaker rotation speed, the concentration of glucose, mannitol, and asparagine, although the responses were the dry weight of crude extracts, minimum inhibitory concentration, and inhibition zone and were determined by RSM. The PhACs were characterized using GC-MS and FTIR, while the mechanism of action was determined using gene ontology extracted from DNA microarray data. The results revealed that the best operating parameters for the dry mass crude extracts production were 8.20 mg/L, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) value was 8.00 µg/mL, and an inhibition zone of 17.60 mm was determined after 12 days, pH 7, temperature 28 °C, shaker rotation speed 120 rpm, 1 g glucose /L, 3 g mannitol/L, and 0.5 g asparagine/L with R2 coefficient value of 0.70. The GC-MS and FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of 21 PhACs, and several functional groups were detected. The gene ontology revealed that 485 genes were upregulated and nine genes were downregulated. The specific and annual operation cost of the production of PhACs was U.S. Dollar (U.S.D) 48.61 per 100 mg compared to U.S.D 164.3/100 mg of the market price, indicating that it is economically cheaper than that at the market price.
Muhanna Al-Shaibani; Radin Radin Mohamed; Noraziah Zin; Adel Al-Gheethi; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Hesham El Enshasy. Enhanced Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Productivity from Streptomyces SUK 25: Optimization, Characterization, Mechanism and Techno-Economic Analysis. Molecules 2021, 26, 2510 .
AMA StyleMuhanna Al-Shaibani, Radin Radin Mohamed, Noraziah Zin, Adel Al-Gheethi, Mohammed Al-Sahari, Hesham El Enshasy. Enhanced Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Productivity from Streptomyces SUK 25: Optimization, Characterization, Mechanism and Techno-Economic Analysis. Molecules. 2021; 26 (9):2510.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhanna Al-Shaibani; Radin Radin Mohamed; Noraziah Zin; Adel Al-Gheethi; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "Enhanced Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Productivity from Streptomyces SUK 25: Optimization, Characterization, Mechanism and Techno-Economic Analysis." Molecules 26, no. 9: 2510.
Tumour protein 53 (p53) plays an important role in the instruction of the cell cycle. In a variety of transformed cell lines, tumour protein is expressed in high amounts, and it is believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. This research aimed to detect the anti-p53 antibodies in sera of patients with various malignant tumours and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A case-control study was conducted on samples from 49 patients with various types of malignant tumours at Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia, and 32 healthy control cases with non‐malignant disease collected from Universiti Sains Malaysia clinic, Penang, Malaysia. The antibodies against p53 protein in the serum samples were analysed using the commercial ELISA kit, Calbiochem® p53- ELISAPLUS. The results showed that the rate of anti-p53 antibodies in patients with various malignant tumours was 13 out of 49 (26.5 %), compared with only 2 out of 32 (6.25%) in healthy controls (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of this kit reached 28.6% and the specificity was 93.8%. In conclusion, these results suggest that the anti-p53 antibodies can be detected in different sera of malignant tumour patients and the ELISA kit is highly specific; nevertheless, its discrimination power is not perfect because of its low sensitivity to determine the anti-p53 antibodies.
Muhanna Alshaibani; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Ishak Mat; Adel AlGheethi; Jacinta Santhanam. ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY DETECTION FOR MALIGNANCY USING ANTI-P53 ANTIBODIES. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2021, 21, 208 -215.
AMA StyleMuhanna Alshaibani, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Ishak Mat, Adel AlGheethi, Jacinta Santhanam. ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY DETECTION FOR MALIGNANCY USING ANTI-P53 ANTIBODIES. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine. 2021; 21 (1):208-215.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhanna Alshaibani; Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed; Ishak Mat; Adel AlGheethi; Jacinta Santhanam. 2021. "ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY DETECTION FOR MALIGNANCY USING ANTI-P53 ANTIBODIES." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 21, no. 1: 208-215.
: Fungi are considered as a prosperous pool of microbial bio-metabolites. Terretonins are meroterpenoids that are reported mainly from Aspergillus genus. They exhibited unique tetracyclic core skeletons and various bioactivities. The current review summarizes the published researches on the source, biosynthesis, isolation, structural characterization, and bioactivities of terretonins that have been reported from Aspergillus species, as well as from synthetic sources. A literature search on the published studies was conducted over different databases: Web of Science, MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Wiley, and ACS Publications up to 2020. In this work, 18 compounds from Aspergillus species and synthetic sources are depicted. They have unrivaled and diversified skeletons as well as various bioactivities. Moreover, 37 references are included. Terretonins form a class of fungal bio-metabolites that attain all the characters for becoming lead compounds in their particular therapeutic category.
Sabrin R.M. Ibrahim; Gamal A. Mohamed; Hani M.K. Kamal; Shaimaa G.A. Mohamed; Amgad I.M. Khedr. Terretonins from Aspergillus Genus: Structures, Biosynthesis, Bioactivities, and Structural Elucidation. Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry 2021, 18, 1 -1.
AMA StyleSabrin R.M. Ibrahim, Gamal A. Mohamed, Hani M.K. Kamal, Shaimaa G.A. Mohamed, Amgad I.M. Khedr. Terretonins from Aspergillus Genus: Structures, Biosynthesis, Bioactivities, and Structural Elucidation. Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry. 2021; 18 ():1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabrin R.M. Ibrahim; Gamal A. Mohamed; Hani M.K. Kamal; Shaimaa G.A. Mohamed; Amgad I.M. Khedr. 2021. "Terretonins from Aspergillus Genus: Structures, Biosynthesis, Bioactivities, and Structural Elucidation." Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry 18, no. : 1-1.
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has prompted scientists to search for an efficient antiviral medicine to overcome the rapid spread and the marked increase in the number of patients worldwide. In this regard natural products could be a potential source of substances active against coronavirus infections. A systematic computer-aided virtual screening approach was carried out using commercially available natural products found on the Zinc Database in addition to an in-house compound library to identify potential natural product inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MPRO). The top eighteen hits from the screening were selected for in vitro evaluation on the viral protease (SARS-CoV-2 MPRO). Five compounds (naringenin, 2,3′,4,5′,6-pentahydroxybenzophenone, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, sennoside B, and acetoside) displayed high activity against the viral protein. Acteoside showed similar activity to the positive control GC376. The most potent compounds were tested in vitro on SARS-CoV-2 Egyptian strain where only naringenin showed moderate anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity at non-cytotoxic micromolar concentrations in vitro with a significant selectivity index (CC50/IC50 = 178.748/28.347 = 6.3). Moreover; a common feature pharmacophore model was generated to explain the requirements for enzyme inhibition by this diverse group of active ligands. These results pave a path for future repurposing and development of natural products to aid in the battle against COVID-19.
Hossam Abdallah; Ali El-Halawany; Alaa Sirwi; Amr El-Araby; Gamal Mohamed; Sabrin Ibrahim; Abdulrahman Koshak; Hani Asfour; Zuhier Awan; Mahmoud A. Elfaky. Repurposing of Some Natural Product Isolates as SARS-COV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors via In Vitro Cell Free and Cell-Based Antiviral Assessments and Molecular Modeling Approaches. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 213 .
AMA StyleHossam Abdallah, Ali El-Halawany, Alaa Sirwi, Amr El-Araby, Gamal Mohamed, Sabrin Ibrahim, Abdulrahman Koshak, Hani Asfour, Zuhier Awan, Mahmoud A. Elfaky. Repurposing of Some Natural Product Isolates as SARS-COV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors via In Vitro Cell Free and Cell-Based Antiviral Assessments and Molecular Modeling Approaches. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14 (3):213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHossam Abdallah; Ali El-Halawany; Alaa Sirwi; Amr El-Araby; Gamal Mohamed; Sabrin Ibrahim; Abdulrahman Koshak; Hani Asfour; Zuhier Awan; Mahmoud A. Elfaky. 2021. "Repurposing of Some Natural Product Isolates as SARS-COV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors via In Vitro Cell Free and Cell-Based Antiviral Assessments and Molecular Modeling Approaches." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 3: 213.
The present study aimed to optimize the production of Scenedesmus sp. biomass during the phycoremediation process. The biomass productivity was optimized using face centred central composite design (FCCCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) as a function of two independent variables that included wet market wastewater concentrations ( A ) with a range of 10% to 75% and aeration rate ( B ) with a range of 0.02 to 4.0 L/min. The results revealed that the highest biomass productivity (73 mg/L/d) and maximum growth rate (1.19 day−1) was achieved with the 64.26% of ( A ) and 3.08 L/min of ( B ). The GC-MS composition analysis of the biomass yield extract revealed that the major compounds are hexadecane (25%), glaucine (16.2%), and phytol (8.33%). The presence of these compounds suggests that WMW has the potential to be used as a production medium for Scenedesmus sp. Biomass, which has several applications in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry.
Najeeha Mohd Apandi; Mimi Muhamad; Radin Radin Mohamed; Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar; Adel Al-Gheethi; Paran Gani; Fahmi A. Rahman. Optimizing of Microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Biomass Production in Wet Market Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2216 .
AMA StyleNajeeha Mohd Apandi, Mimi Muhamad, Radin Radin Mohamed, Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar, Adel Al-Gheethi, Paran Gani, Fahmi A. Rahman. Optimizing of Microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Biomass Production in Wet Market Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2216.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNajeeha Mohd Apandi; Mimi Muhamad; Radin Radin Mohamed; Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar; Adel Al-Gheethi; Paran Gani; Fahmi A. Rahman. 2021. "Optimizing of Microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Biomass Production in Wet Market Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2216.
Microalgae can be used as a source of alternative food, animal feed, biofuel, fertilizer, cosmetics, nutraceuticals and for pharmaceutical purposes. The extraction of organic constituents from microalgae cultivated in the different nutrient compositions is influenced by microalgal growth rates, biomass yield and nutritional content in terms of lipid and fatty acid production. In this context, nutrient composition plays an important role in microalgae cultivation, and depletion and excessive sources of this nutrient might affect the quality of biomass. Investigation on the role of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are crucial for the growth of algae, has been addressed. However, there are challenges for enhancing nutrient utilization efficiently for large scale microalgae cultivation. Hence, this study aims to highlight the level of nitrogen and phosphorus required for microalgae cultivation and focuses on the benefits of nitrogen and phosphorus for increasing biomass productivity of microalgae for improved lipid and fatty acid quantities. Furthermore, the suitable extraction methods that can be used to utilize lipid and fatty acids from microalgae for biofuel have also been reviewed.
Maizatul Yaakob; Radin Mohamed; Adel Al-Gheethi; Gokare Ravishankar; Ranga Ambati. Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Microalgal Growth, Biomass, Lipid, and Fatty Acid Production: An Overview. Cells 2021, 10, 393 .
AMA StyleMaizatul Yaakob, Radin Mohamed, Adel Al-Gheethi, Gokare Ravishankar, Ranga Ambati. Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Microalgal Growth, Biomass, Lipid, and Fatty Acid Production: An Overview. Cells. 2021; 10 (2):393.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaizatul Yaakob; Radin Mohamed; Adel Al-Gheethi; Gokare Ravishankar; Ranga Ambati. 2021. "Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Microalgal Growth, Biomass, Lipid, and Fatty Acid Production: An Overview." Cells 10, no. 2: 393.
In recent years, the increase in the use of agricultural fertilizers in industrial development has produced poisonous inorganic ions such as nitrates in water and soil. Nitrates in drinking water which may come from nitrogen fertilizers are a potential health risk. Removal of nitrates from the environment is a big challenge. Following the series of investigation, the present study proposes the multiwall carbon nanotubes functionalized with mesoporous silica-nitrenium ions (CNT-MS-N) as a novel adsorbent for removing nitrate ions (NO3−) from aqueous solution. The ability of CNT-MS-N to remove nitrate ions from aqueous solutions was studied at different operating conditions. The maximum removal (98%) was obtained under the optimum conditions: adsorbent dosage of 70 mg and pH 7 and for initial concentration of 80 (ppm) at 30 °C for 5 h contact time. FTIR spectroscopy showed the contribution of amine, amide groups in removing nitrate and the FESEM-EDX results confirmed the adsorption of nitrate ions on the function groups of CNT-MS-N. In addition, nonlinear and linear isotherms and kinetics models were used to evaluate the equilibrium adsorption results. The coefficient of determination (R2) was used to determine the best-fit model expected by each approach. The results showed that the non-linear Langmuir isotherm model is a better way to achieve adsorption parameters illustrating the adsorption of nitrate ions onto CNT-MS-N with R2 (0.9829). Likewise, it was found that the nonlinear Pseudo-second order rate model using the non-linear regression approach better predicted experimental results with R2 (0.9921). The present investigation confirmed the nonlinear method as an appropriate technique to predict the optimum adsorption isotherm and kinetic data.
Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti; Norzila Othman; Pei Sean Goh; Abdullah Faisal Alshalif; Adel Ali Al-Gheethi; Hassan Amer Algaifi. Application of a novel nanocomposites carbon nanotubes functionalized with mesoporous silica-nitrenium ions (CNT-MS-N) in nitrate removal: Optimizations and nonlinear and linear regression analysis. Environmental Technology & Innovation 2021, 22, 101428 .
AMA StyleWahid Ali Hamood Altowayti, Norzila Othman, Pei Sean Goh, Abdullah Faisal Alshalif, Adel Ali Al-Gheethi, Hassan Amer Algaifi. Application of a novel nanocomposites carbon nanotubes functionalized with mesoporous silica-nitrenium ions (CNT-MS-N) in nitrate removal: Optimizations and nonlinear and linear regression analysis. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2021; 22 ():101428.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWahid Ali Hamood Altowayti; Norzila Othman; Pei Sean Goh; Abdullah Faisal Alshalif; Adel Ali Al-Gheethi; Hassan Amer Algaifi. 2021. "Application of a novel nanocomposites carbon nanotubes functionalized with mesoporous silica-nitrenium ions (CNT-MS-N) in nitrate removal: Optimizations and nonlinear and linear regression analysis." Environmental Technology & Innovation 22, no. : 101428.
Liver diseases represent a threat to human health and are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive and chronic hepatic inflammatory disease, which may lead to severe complications. Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatic injury is regarded as an appropriate experimental model for investigating the pathology and mechanisms involved in liver injury mediated by immune cells as well as T cell-related liver disease. Despite the advances in modern medicine, the only available strategies to treat AIH, include the use of steroids either solely or with immunosuppressant drugs. Unfortunately, this currently available treatment is associated with significant side-effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and effective drugs to replace and/or supplement those in current use. Natural products have been utilized for treating liver disorders and have become a promising therapy for various liver disorders. In this review, the natural compounds and herbal formulations as well as extracts and/or fractions with protection against liver injury caused by Con A and the underlying possible mechanism(s) of action are reviewed. A total of 53 compounds from different structural classes are discussed and over 97 references are cited. The goal of this review is to attract the interest of pharmacologists, natural product researchers, and synthetic chemists for discovering novel drug candidates for treating immune-mediated liver injury.
Sabrin Ibrahim; Alaa Sirwi; Basma Eid; Shaimaa Mohamed; Gamal Mohamed. Summary of Natural Products Ameliorate Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury: Structures, Sources, Pharmacological Effects, and Mechanisms of Action. Plants 2021, 10, 228 .
AMA StyleSabrin Ibrahim, Alaa Sirwi, Basma Eid, Shaimaa Mohamed, Gamal Mohamed. Summary of Natural Products Ameliorate Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury: Structures, Sources, Pharmacological Effects, and Mechanisms of Action. Plants. 2021; 10 (2):228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabrin Ibrahim; Alaa Sirwi; Basma Eid; Shaimaa Mohamed; Gamal Mohamed. 2021. "Summary of Natural Products Ameliorate Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Injury: Structures, Sources, Pharmacological Effects, and Mechanisms of Action." Plants 10, no. 2: 228.
In this article, a review for utilising titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes in the photocatalytic degradation of triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) in greywater is discussed. The photocatalytic degradation process is widely used to remove pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) such as TCC and TCS, which are among persistent compounds that gave negative impacts to the environment and human health within the toxicology level of the TCC and TCS are 0.05 mg/L to 2 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L. Both TCC and TCS are used in the manufacturing of PPCPs. The removal of PPCPs from domestic greywater through chemical and physical processes has been addressed by many researchers. Currently, the photocatalysis by using TiO2 nanotubes is becoming more common for the removal of PPCPs from wastewater. The current review aims to organise the scattered available information on the potential of photocatalytic degradation application for TCC and TCS removal. The topic discussed in the review shows that TiO2 nanotubes has high potential as the catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of TCC and TCS in greywater with the degradation rate are 33% to 99% for TCC and 1.73% to 90% for TCS. Other than that, photocatalytic degradation applied in TCC and TCS removal has led to several nonhazardous photoproducts production due to the reaction occurred.
Siti Nor Hidayah Arifin; Radin Mohamed; Adel Al-Gheethi; Chin Wei Lai; G. Yashni. Heterogeneous photocatalysis of triclocarban and triclosan in greywater: a systematic and bibliometric review analysis. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 2021, 1 -19.
AMA StyleSiti Nor Hidayah Arifin, Radin Mohamed, Adel Al-Gheethi, Chin Wei Lai, G. Yashni. Heterogeneous photocatalysis of triclocarban and triclosan in greywater: a systematic and bibliometric review analysis. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2021; ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiti Nor Hidayah Arifin; Radin Mohamed; Adel Al-Gheethi; Chin Wei Lai; G. Yashni. 2021. "Heterogeneous photocatalysis of triclocarban and triclosan in greywater: a systematic and bibliometric review analysis." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry , no. : 1-19.