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Prof. Jose Alvarez-Suarez
Universidad de Las Américas

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0 antimicrobial activities
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antioxidant activity
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Journal article
Published: 14 July 2021 in Food Chemistry
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Bioactive plant-derived molecules have emerged as therapeutic alternatives in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. In this investigation, principal bioactive compounds of the herbal infusion “horchata” from Ecuador were studied as potential novel inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The chemical composition of horchata was determined through a HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn and GC–MS analysis while the inhibitory potential of the compounds on SARS-CoV-2 was determined by a computational prediction using various strategies, such as molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Up to 51 different compounds were identified. The computational analysis of predicted targets reveals the compounds’ possible anti-inflammatory (no steroidal) and antioxidant effects. Three compounds were identified as candidates for Mpro inhibition: benzoic acid, 2-(ethylthio)-ethyl ester, l-Leucine-N-isobutoxycarbonyl-N-methyl-heptyl and isorhamnetin and for PLpro: isorhamnetin-3-O-(6-Orhamnosyl-galactoside), dihydroxy-methoxyflavanone and dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid. Our results suggest the potential of Ecuadorian horchata infusion as a starting scaffold for the development of new inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and PLpro enzymes.

ACS Style

Eduardo Tejera; Yunierkis Pérez-Castillo; Gisselle Toscano; Ana Lucía Noboa; Valeria Ochoa-Herrera; Francesca Giampieri; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Computational modeling predicts potential effects of the herbal infusion “horchata” against COVID-19. Food Chemistry 2021, 366, 130589 -130589.

AMA Style

Eduardo Tejera, Yunierkis Pérez-Castillo, Gisselle Toscano, Ana Lucía Noboa, Valeria Ochoa-Herrera, Francesca Giampieri, José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Computational modeling predicts potential effects of the herbal infusion “horchata” against COVID-19. Food Chemistry. 2021; 366 ():130589-130589.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo Tejera; Yunierkis Pérez-Castillo; Gisselle Toscano; Ana Lucía Noboa; Valeria Ochoa-Herrera; Francesca Giampieri; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. 2021. "Computational modeling predicts potential effects of the herbal infusion “horchata” against COVID-19." Food Chemistry 366, no. : 130589-130589.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in Food Chemistry
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Thermal liquefaction is a conventional method used by beekeepers to liquefy crystallized honey. However, an abusive use of heat may affect its quality, chemical composition and bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal liquefaction on the quality, chemical composition and antibiofilm properties of eucalyptus honey. Thermal liquefaction (at 45 and 60 °C) did not affect the honey’s quality; however, a significant reduction in the reducing capacity, total phenolic content and hydrogen peroxide content was observed. At 60 °C, a significant reduction in the honey’s ability to inhibit biofilm formation was observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as a reduction in its ability to remove preformed biofilms in both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Structural changes in biofilm architecture caused by honey were not affected by thermal treatment. Therefore, we recommend liquefaction at 45 °C as the most convenient for honey liquefaction without affecting its characteristics.

ACS Style

Irina Villacrés-Granda; Adrian Proaño; Dayana Coello; Alexis Debut; Karla Vizuete; Isabel Ballesteros; Genoveva Granda-Albuja; Hugo Rosero-Mayanquer; Maurizio Battino; Francesca Giampieri; José M. Alvarez-Suárez. Effect of thermal liquefaction on quality, chemical composition and antibiofilm activity against multiresistant human pathogens of crystallized eucalyptus honey. Food Chemistry 2021, 365, 130519 .

AMA Style

Irina Villacrés-Granda, Adrian Proaño, Dayana Coello, Alexis Debut, Karla Vizuete, Isabel Ballesteros, Genoveva Granda-Albuja, Hugo Rosero-Mayanquer, Maurizio Battino, Francesca Giampieri, José M. Alvarez-Suárez. Effect of thermal liquefaction on quality, chemical composition and antibiofilm activity against multiresistant human pathogens of crystallized eucalyptus honey. Food Chemistry. 2021; 365 ():130519.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irina Villacrés-Granda; Adrian Proaño; Dayana Coello; Alexis Debut; Karla Vizuete; Isabel Ballesteros; Genoveva Granda-Albuja; Hugo Rosero-Mayanquer; Maurizio Battino; Francesca Giampieri; José M. Alvarez-Suárez. 2021. "Effect of thermal liquefaction on quality, chemical composition and antibiofilm activity against multiresistant human pathogens of crystallized eucalyptus honey." Food Chemistry 365, no. : 130519.

Review
Published: 29 April 2021 in Molecules
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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare tumor subpopulation with high differentiation, proliferative and tumorigenic potential compared to the remaining tumor population. CSCs were first discovered by Bonnet and Dick in 1997 in acute myeloid leukemia. The identification and isolation of these cells in this pioneering study were carried out through the flow cytometry, exploiting the presence of specific cell surface molecular markers (CD34+/CD38−). In the following years, different strategies and projects have been developed for the study of CSCs, which are basically divided into surface markers assays and functional assays; some of these techniques also allow working with a cellular model that better mimics the tumor architecture. The purpose of this mini review is to summarize and briefly describe all the current methods used for the identification, isolation and enrichment of CSCs, describing, where possible, the molecular basis, the advantages and disadvantages of each technique with a particular focus on those that offer a three-dimensional culture.

ACS Style

Danila Cianciosi; Johura Ansary; Tamara Forbes-Hernandez; Lucia Regolo; Denise Quinzi; Santos Gracia Villar; Eduardo Garcia Villena; Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre; José Alvarez-Suarez; Maurizio Battino; Francesca Giampieri. The Molecular Basis of Different Approaches for the Study of Cancer Stem Cells and the Advantages and Disadvantages of a Three-Dimensional Culture. Molecules 2021, 26, 2615 .

AMA Style

Danila Cianciosi, Johura Ansary, Tamara Forbes-Hernandez, Lucia Regolo, Denise Quinzi, Santos Gracia Villar, Eduardo Garcia Villena, Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre, José Alvarez-Suarez, Maurizio Battino, Francesca Giampieri. The Molecular Basis of Different Approaches for the Study of Cancer Stem Cells and the Advantages and Disadvantages of a Three-Dimensional Culture. Molecules. 2021; 26 (9):2615.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Danila Cianciosi; Johura Ansary; Tamara Forbes-Hernandez; Lucia Regolo; Denise Quinzi; Santos Gracia Villar; Eduardo Garcia Villena; Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre; José Alvarez-Suarez; Maurizio Battino; Francesca Giampieri. 2021. "The Molecular Basis of Different Approaches for the Study of Cancer Stem Cells and the Advantages and Disadvantages of a Three-Dimensional Culture." Molecules 26, no. 9: 2615.

Review
Published: 07 April 2021 in Molecules
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In recent times, scientific attention has been paid to different foods and their bioactive components for the ability to inhibit the onset and progress of different types of cancer. Nigella sativa extract, powder and seed oil and its main components, thymoquinone and α-hederin, have showed potent anticancer and chemosensitizing effects against various types of cancer, such as liver, colon, breast, renal, cervical, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate and skin tumors, through the modulation of various molecular signaling pathways. Herein, the purpose of this review was to highlight the anticancer activity of Nigella sativa and it constitutes, focusing on different in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies and projects, in order to underline their antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cytotoxic and antimetastatic effects. Particular attention has been also given to the synergistic effect of Nigella sativa and it constitutes with chemotherapeutic drugs, and to the synthesized analogs of thymoquinone that seem to enhance the chemo-sensitizing potential. This review could be a useful step towards new research on N. sativa and cancer, to include this plant in the dietary treatments in support to conventional therapies, for the best achievement of therapeutic goals.

ACS Style

Johura Ansary; Francesca Giampieri; Tamara Forbes-Hernandez; Lucia Regolo; Denise Quinzi; Santos Gracia Villar; Eduardo Garcia Villena; Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre; José Alvarez-Suarez; Maurizio Battino; Danila Cianciosi. Nutritional Value and Preventive Role of Nigella sativa L. and Its Main Component Thymoquinone in Cancer: An Evidenced-Based Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Molecules 2021, 26, 2108 .

AMA Style

Johura Ansary, Francesca Giampieri, Tamara Forbes-Hernandez, Lucia Regolo, Denise Quinzi, Santos Gracia Villar, Eduardo Garcia Villena, Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre, José Alvarez-Suarez, Maurizio Battino, Danila Cianciosi. Nutritional Value and Preventive Role of Nigella sativa L. and Its Main Component Thymoquinone in Cancer: An Evidenced-Based Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Molecules. 2021; 26 (8):2108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johura Ansary; Francesca Giampieri; Tamara Forbes-Hernandez; Lucia Regolo; Denise Quinzi; Santos Gracia Villar; Eduardo Garcia Villena; Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre; José Alvarez-Suarez; Maurizio Battino; Danila Cianciosi. 2021. "Nutritional Value and Preventive Role of Nigella sativa L. and Its Main Component Thymoquinone in Cancer: An Evidenced-Based Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies." Molecules 26, no. 8: 2108.

Review
Published: 26 February 2021 in Nutrients
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Modern high-throughput ‘omics’ science tools (including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and microbiomics) are currently being applied to nutritional sciences to unravel the fundamental processes of health effects ascribed to particular nutrients in humans and to contribute to more precise nutritional advice. Diet and food components are key environmental factors that interact with the genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and the microbiota, and this life-long interplay defines health and diseases state of the individual. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by a systemic immune-inflammatory response, in genetically susceptible individuals exposed to environmental triggers, including diet. In recent years increasing evidences suggested that nutritional factors and gut microbiome have a central role in RA risk and progression. The aim of this review is to summarize the main and most recent applications of ‘omics’ technologies in human nutrition and in RA research, examining the possible influences of some nutrients and nutritional patterns on RA pathogenesis, following a nutrigenomics approach. The opportunities and challenges of novel ‘omics technologies’ in the exploration of new avenues in RA and nutritional research to prevent and manage RA will be also discussed.

ACS Style

Manuela Cassotta; Tamara Forbes-Hernandez; Danila Cianciosi; Maria Elexpuru Zabaleta; Sandra Sumalla Cano; Irma Dominguez; Beatriz Bullon; Lucia Regolo; Josè Alvarez-Suarez; Francesca Giampieri; Maurizio Battino. Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era. Nutrients 2021, 13, 763 .

AMA Style

Manuela Cassotta, Tamara Forbes-Hernandez, Danila Cianciosi, Maria Elexpuru Zabaleta, Sandra Sumalla Cano, Irma Dominguez, Beatriz Bullon, Lucia Regolo, Josè Alvarez-Suarez, Francesca Giampieri, Maurizio Battino. Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (3):763.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manuela Cassotta; Tamara Forbes-Hernandez; Danila Cianciosi; Maria Elexpuru Zabaleta; Sandra Sumalla Cano; Irma Dominguez; Beatriz Bullon; Lucia Regolo; Josè Alvarez-Suarez; Francesca Giampieri; Maurizio Battino. 2021. "Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era." Nutrients 13, no. 3: 763.

Review article
Published: 29 January 2021 in Trends in Food Science & Technology
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Anthocyanins are a major class of plant phenolic pigments, responsible for the red, purple or blue color of leaves, flowers, tubers, fruits and certain vegetables. They are considered the largest and most important group of water-soluble pigments in nature and have been described to have multiple health-promoting properties. However, the bioavailability of anthocyanins is reportedly extremely low, affected by factors inherent to the molecule's characteristics, as well as by the effect of food processing, transformations during the digestive process and their levels in fruits. This review aims to discuss current knowledge regarding the effects of technological processes used in the food industry on the stability, bioavailability and biological effect of anthocyanins. In addition, a review of new trends in the improvement of anthocyanin production in plants is presented, which outlines what has been reported about genes involved in the regulation and its expression. The alterations that anthocyanins suffer, which can affect their bioavailability and biological effects, do not take place solely during the digestion process, caused mainly by pH and intrinsic and bacterial enzymes, but also during the different processing methods that food-containing anthocyanins can undergo. Factors such as thermal and non-thermal processing, storage, oxidative degradation and encapsulation systems have been shown to closely influence anthocyanins' stability and biological effects. In recent times, genetic manipulation aiming at upregulating the gene expression of metabolic pathways has been used to improve fruit quality and anthocyanin content in plant foods, and may also contribute towards counteracting some of the indicated limitations.

ACS Style

José M. Alvarez-Suarez; Carmen Cuadrado; Isabel Ballesteros Redondo; Francesca Giampieri; Ana M. González-Paramás; Celestino Santos-Buelga. Novel approaches in anthocyanin research - Plant fortification and bioavailability issues. Trends in Food Science & Technology 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

José M. Alvarez-Suarez, Carmen Cuadrado, Isabel Ballesteros Redondo, Francesca Giampieri, Ana M. González-Paramás, Celestino Santos-Buelga. Novel approaches in anthocyanin research - Plant fortification and bioavailability issues. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José M. Alvarez-Suarez; Carmen Cuadrado; Isabel Ballesteros Redondo; Francesca Giampieri; Ana M. González-Paramás; Celestino Santos-Buelga. 2021. "Novel approaches in anthocyanin research - Plant fortification and bioavailability issues." Trends in Food Science & Technology , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2020 in LWT
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Ecuadorian honey samples of eight genera and 12 stingless bee species from three geographic regions (Andes, Amazon and Pacific) were studied for their physicochemical parameters, chemical composition, mineral elements and antimicrobial activity. Meliponine honey is acidic and has a high water content, but our study revealed substantial chemical variation. Oxytrigona mellaria was highest in proteins, while Melipona sp. had the most free amino acid content. Five species of honey contained vitamin C, which was highest in O. mellaria. The most abundant minerals were the macronutrients, potassium and calcium. All honey inhibited microbial growth in gram-negative and gram-positive multiresistant human pathogens, with O. mellaria and Trigona silvestriana being most effective against both bacteria.

ACS Style

Irina Villacrés-Granda; Dayana Coello; Adrián Proaño; Isabel Ballesteros; David W. Roubik; Gabriela Jijón; Genoveva Granda-Albuja; Silvana Granda-Albuja; Reinier Abreu-Naranjo; Favian Maza; Eduardo Tejera; Ana M. González-Paramás; Pedro Bullón; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Honey quality parameters, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity in twelve Ecuadorian stingless bees (Apidae: Apinae: Meliponini) tested against multiresistant human pathogens. LWT 2020, 140, 110737 .

AMA Style

Irina Villacrés-Granda, Dayana Coello, Adrián Proaño, Isabel Ballesteros, David W. Roubik, Gabriela Jijón, Genoveva Granda-Albuja, Silvana Granda-Albuja, Reinier Abreu-Naranjo, Favian Maza, Eduardo Tejera, Ana M. González-Paramás, Pedro Bullón, José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Honey quality parameters, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity in twelve Ecuadorian stingless bees (Apidae: Apinae: Meliponini) tested against multiresistant human pathogens. LWT. 2020; 140 ():110737.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Irina Villacrés-Granda; Dayana Coello; Adrián Proaño; Isabel Ballesteros; David W. Roubik; Gabriela Jijón; Genoveva Granda-Albuja; Silvana Granda-Albuja; Reinier Abreu-Naranjo; Favian Maza; Eduardo Tejera; Ana M. González-Paramás; Pedro Bullón; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Honey quality parameters, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity in twelve Ecuadorian stingless bees (Apidae: Apinae: Meliponini) tested against multiresistant human pathogens." LWT 140, no. : 110737.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2020 in Nanomaterials
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Today, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a promising strategy in material science and nanotechnology. In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized through the high-efficient, cost-effective green and facile process, using the Astragalus tribuloides Delile. root extract as a bioreduction and capping agent at room temperature. UV–Vis spectroscopy was applied for the investigation of the reaction proceedings. To characterize the greenly synthesized AgNPs, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses were utilized. In addition, the total phenolics and flavonoids contents, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the greenly synthesized AgNPs and the A. tribuloides root extract were evaluated. The results indicated that the AgNPs had spherical morphology and crystalline structure with the average size of 34.2 ± 8.0 nm. The total phenolics and flavonoids contents of the greenly synthesized AgNPs were lower than those for the A. tribuloides root extract. The resultant AgNPs exhibited the appropriate antioxidant activity (64%) as compared to that for the A. tribuloides root extract (47%). The antibacterial test approved the higher bactericidal activity of the resulting AgNPs on the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in comparison to the A. tribuloides root extract. Considering the anti-inflammatory activity, the greenly synthesized AgNPs showed a stranger effect than the A. tribuloides root extract (82% versus 69% at 500 μg/mL). Generally, the AgNPs that were fabricated by using the A. tribuloides root extract had appropriate antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities and, therefore, can be considered as a promising candidate for various biomedical applications.

ACS Style

Majid Sharifi-Rad; Pawel Pohl; Francesco Epifano; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Astragalus tribuloides Delile. Root Extract: Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 2383 .

AMA Style

Majid Sharifi-Rad, Pawel Pohl, Francesco Epifano, José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Astragalus tribuloides Delile. Root Extract: Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (12):2383.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Majid Sharifi-Rad; Pawel Pohl; Francesco Epifano; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Astragalus tribuloides Delile. Root Extract: Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12: 2383.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Heliyon
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The bioactive compounds, total antioxidant capacity and protective effect against lipid oxidative damage of red blood cell (RBC) membranes of Mauritia flexuosa L. extracts from three altitude levels (low, middle and high zones) were analyzed. The identification of the main polyphenols in the fruit was performed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry analysis, while High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Diode Array Detector was applied for the vitamin C and carotenoid analysis. The ability of the extracts (methanolic, free polyphenols and bound polyphenols) to protect RBC membranes against oxidative destruction was assessed utilizing the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (TBARS) assay. Among the 14 phenolic compounds identified, quercetin glycosides were the most predominant ones. The fruit from the middle altitude zone showed higher vitamin C and lutein contents than those from the low and high areas, whilst higher values of β-Carotene were obtained in M. flexuosa L. from the low zone. The contents of flavonoids and total polyphenols were lower in fruit from the low zone, whilst the fruit from the middle zone had the highest values. Similar results were observed in the results of the antioxidant capacity assays. However, a significant difference was not found in the protective effect of the extracts from the three altitude zones against lipid peroxidation in RBC membranes.

ACS Style

Reinier Abreu-Naranjo; Jonathan G. Paredes-Moreta; Genoveva Granda-Albuja; Gabriel Iturralde; Ana M. González-Paramás; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Bioactive compounds, phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity and effectiveness against lipid peroxidation of cell membranes of Mauritia flexuosa L. fruit extracts from three biomes in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Heliyon 2020, 6, 1 .

AMA Style

Reinier Abreu-Naranjo, Jonathan G. Paredes-Moreta, Genoveva Granda-Albuja, Gabriel Iturralde, Ana M. González-Paramás, José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Bioactive compounds, phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity and effectiveness against lipid peroxidation of cell membranes of Mauritia flexuosa L. fruit extracts from three biomes in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Heliyon. 2020; 6 (10):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reinier Abreu-Naranjo; Jonathan G. Paredes-Moreta; Genoveva Granda-Albuja; Gabriel Iturralde; Ana M. González-Paramás; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Bioactive compounds, phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity and effectiveness against lipid peroxidation of cell membranes of Mauritia flexuosa L. fruit extracts from three biomes in the Ecuadorian Amazon." Heliyon 6, no. 10: 1.

Journal article
Published: 12 October 2020 in LWT
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Honey is known for its important antimicrobial activity, which is considered one of its main biological properties. This property has been associated with different factors, among which floral origin stands out and can directly affect this biological activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of eucalyptus honey (EH) against two multiresistant human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus MRSA S21 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa P28, as well as to investigate the role of several honey components in its antibiofilm action. We also explored the activity of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and the presence of the antimicrobial peptide bee defensin-1 (Def-1). EH was efficient in inhibiting biofilm formation and removing preformed biofilms. This activity was markedly affected after treatment with catalase and proteinase K, suggesting that antibiofilm activity is related to the presence of H2O2 and Def-1. Structural changes induced by the osmotic effect of honey sugar was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy, suggesting that EH's antibiofilm capacity is not dependent solely on H2O2 content or the presence of Def-1.

ACS Style

Adrián Proaño; Dayana Coello; Irina Villacrés-Granda; Isabel Ballesteros; Alexis Debut; Karla Vizuete; Andrea Brenciani; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. The osmotic action of sugar combined with hydrogen peroxide and bee-derived antibacterial peptide Defensin-1 is crucial for the antibiofilm activity of eucalyptus honey. LWT 2020, 136, 110379 .

AMA Style

Adrián Proaño, Dayana Coello, Irina Villacrés-Granda, Isabel Ballesteros, Alexis Debut, Karla Vizuete, Andrea Brenciani, José M. Álvarez-Suarez. The osmotic action of sugar combined with hydrogen peroxide and bee-derived antibacterial peptide Defensin-1 is crucial for the antibiofilm activity of eucalyptus honey. LWT. 2020; 136 ():110379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adrián Proaño; Dayana Coello; Irina Villacrés-Granda; Isabel Ballesteros; Alexis Debut; Karla Vizuete; Andrea Brenciani; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. 2020. "The osmotic action of sugar combined with hydrogen peroxide and bee-derived antibacterial peptide Defensin-1 is crucial for the antibiofilm activity of eucalyptus honey." LWT 136, no. : 110379.

Research article
Published: 28 July 2020 in PLOS ONE
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The purposes of this study were 1) to analyse the different pacing behaviours based on athlete's performance and 2) to determine whether significant differences in each race split and the runner's performance implied different race profiles. A total of 2295 runners, which took part in Berlin’s marathon (2017), met the inclusion criteria. 4 different groups were created based on sex and performance. Men: Elite (<02:19:00 h), Top 1 (<02:30:00 h), Top 2 (<02:45:00 h) and Top 3 (<03:00:00 h); women: Elite (02:45:00 h), Top 1 (<03:00:00 h), Top 2 (<03:15:00 h), Top 3 (<03:30:00 h). With the aim of comparing the pacing between sex and performance the average speed was normalized. In men, no statistically significant changes were found between performance group and splits. A large number of significant differences between splits and groups were found amongst women: 5–10 km Top 2 vs Top 3 (P = 0.0178), 10–15 km Top1 vs Top 2 (P = 0.0211), 15–20 km Top1 vs Top 2 (P = 0.0382), 20–21.1 km Elite vs Top 2 (P = 0.0129); Elite vs Top 3 (P = 0.0020); Top1 vs Top 2 (P = 0.0233); Top 1 vs Top 3 (P = 0.0007), 25–30 km Elite vs Top 2 (P = 0.0273); Elite vs Top 3 (P = 0.0156), 30–35 km Elite vs Top 2 (P = 0.0096); Top 1 vs Top 2 (P = 0.0198); Top2 vs Top3 (P = 0.0069). In men there were little significant differences based on athletes’ performance which implied a similar pacing behaviour. Women presented numerous differences based on their performance which suggested different pacing behaviours.

ACS Style

Iker Muñoz-Pérez; Marcos Mecías-Calvo; Jorge Crespo-Álvarez; María Luisa Sámano-Celorio; Pablo Agudo-Toyos; Carlos Lago-Fuentes. Different race pacing strategies among runners covering the 2017 Berlin Marathon under 3 hours and 30 minutes. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0236658 .

AMA Style

Iker Muñoz-Pérez, Marcos Mecías-Calvo, Jorge Crespo-Álvarez, María Luisa Sámano-Celorio, Pablo Agudo-Toyos, Carlos Lago-Fuentes. Different race pacing strategies among runners covering the 2017 Berlin Marathon under 3 hours and 30 minutes. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (7):e0236658.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iker Muñoz-Pérez; Marcos Mecías-Calvo; Jorge Crespo-Álvarez; María Luisa Sámano-Celorio; Pablo Agudo-Toyos; Carlos Lago-Fuentes. 2020. "Different race pacing strategies among runners covering the 2017 Berlin Marathon under 3 hours and 30 minutes." PLOS ONE 15, no. 7: e0236658.

Review
Published: 08 July 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The macromolecular complex known as “inflammasome” is defined as an intracellular multi-protein complex composed of a sensor receptor (PRR), an adaptor protein and an effector enzyme (caspase-1), which oligomerize when they sense danger, such as how the NLR family, AIM-2 and RIG-1 receptors protect the body against danger via cytokine secretion. Within the NLR members, NLRP3 is the most widely known and studied inflammasome and has been linked to many diseases. Nowadays, people’s interest in their lifestyles and nutritional habits is increasing, mainly due to the large number of diseases that seem to be related to both. The term “nutraceutical” has recently emerged as a hybrid term between “nutrition” and “pharmacological” and it refers to a wide range of bioactive compounds contained in food with relevant effects on human health. The relationship between these compounds and diseases based on inflammatory processes has been widely exposed and the compounds stand out as an alternative to the pathological consequences that inflammatory processes may have, beyond their defense and repair action. Against this backdrop, here we review the results of studies using several nutraceutical compounds in common diseases associated with the inflammation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes complex. In general, it was found that there is a wide range of nutraceuticals with effects through different molecular pathways that affect the activation of the inflammasome complex, with positive effects mainly in cardiovascular, neurological diseases, cancer and type 2 diabetes.

ACS Style

Beatriz Castejón-Vega; Francesca Giampieri; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Nutraceutical Compounds Targeting Inflammasomes in Human Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 4829 .

AMA Style

Beatriz Castejón-Vega, Francesca Giampieri, José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Nutraceutical Compounds Targeting Inflammasomes in Human Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (14):4829.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beatriz Castejón-Vega; Francesca Giampieri; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Nutraceutical Compounds Targeting Inflammasomes in Human Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 4829.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2020 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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Cigarette smoking has been associated with an increase in oxidative stress (OS) and is considered a predisposing factor to chronic noncommunicable diseases, whilst dietary antioxidants has been proposed as an alternative to cope with this oxidative stress. In this study, 20 smokers and 20 non-smokers were studied with the aim of determining their antioxidant status, as well as the ability of an infusion of 23 medicinal plants, to counteract the damage caused by OS. The plasma, red blood cells (RBCs) and polymorphonuclear cells (PBMCs) of both groups were incubated or not with the horchata infusion extract and then the OS markers, genotoxicity, nanostructure of RBCs membrane and genes related to oxidative responses and cellular functionality were evaluated. Up to 33 different compounds, mainly quercetin glycosides, were identified in the extract. A significant deterioration in the antioxidant status in smokers compared to non-smokers was found. The horchata infusion extract improved the nanostructure of RBCs and DNA damage, as well as the activity of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes and markers of oxidative damage to lipid, and proteins in plasma, RBCs and PBMCs in both groups, whilst no significant changes were found in the expression of different genes related to OS response.

ACS Style

Mabel Guevara; Adrián Proaño; Eduardo Tejera; Isabel Ballesteros; María E. Sánchez; María G. Granda-Albuja; Byron Freire; Aida M. Chisaguano; Alexis Debut; Karla Vizuete; Celestino Santos-Buelga; Ana M. González-Paramás; Maurizio Battino; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Protective effect of the medicinal herb infusion "horchata" against oxidative damage in cigarette smokers: An ex vivo study. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2020, 143, 111538 .

AMA Style

Mabel Guevara, Adrián Proaño, Eduardo Tejera, Isabel Ballesteros, María E. Sánchez, María G. Granda-Albuja, Byron Freire, Aida M. Chisaguano, Alexis Debut, Karla Vizuete, Celestino Santos-Buelga, Ana M. González-Paramás, Maurizio Battino, José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Protective effect of the medicinal herb infusion "horchata" against oxidative damage in cigarette smokers: An ex vivo study. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2020; 143 ():111538.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mabel Guevara; Adrián Proaño; Eduardo Tejera; Isabel Ballesteros; María E. Sánchez; María G. Granda-Albuja; Byron Freire; Aida M. Chisaguano; Alexis Debut; Karla Vizuete; Celestino Santos-Buelga; Ana M. González-Paramás; Maurizio Battino; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Protective effect of the medicinal herb infusion "horchata" against oxidative damage in cigarette smokers: An ex vivo study." Food and Chemical Toxicology 143, no. : 111538.

Journal article
Published: 19 May 2020 in Plants
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This study was carried out to screen the amount and the classes of secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of the methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of the roots, leaves, and flowers of Nepeta juncea Benth. The results show that the highest total phenol (69.54 ± 0.31 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight), total flavonoid (41.37 ± 0.17 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g dry weight), anthocyanin (6.52 ± 0.21 mg cyanidin/100 g dry weight), and tannin (47.36 ± 0.33 mg catechin/g dry weight) concentrations were recorded in the methanolic extract of the leaves of N. juncea. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the extracts showed that 1,8-cineole, 4aα-7α-7aα-nepetalactone, β-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol were the major compounds, respectively. The best 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities were observed for the methanolic extract of the leaves. For the two latter activities, the best activity was revealed on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the antimicrobial of the methanolic extract from the leaves were in the range of 25–100 µg/mL, whereas the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were in the range of 50–200 µg/mL. The results reported herein show that, for the first time in the literature, N. juncea is a remarkable source of antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial compounds.

ACS Style

Majid Sharifi-Rad; Francesco Epifano; Serena Fiorito; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts. Plants 2020, 9, 646 .

AMA Style

Majid Sharifi-Rad, Francesco Epifano, Serena Fiorito, José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts. Plants. 2020; 9 (5):646.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Majid Sharifi-Rad; Francesco Epifano; Serena Fiorito; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Investigation of Nepeta juncea Benth. Different Extracts." Plants 9, no. 5: 646.

Review article
Published: 28 April 2020 in Food Chemistry
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Eucalyptus honey is an important unifloral honey commercialized worldwide and much desired by consumers due to the medicinal properties attributed to it because of the plant from which it is produced. In general, eucalyptus honey has been classified as being rich in pollen grains from the eucalyptus tree as well as having physicochemical characteristics that, in a way, have made it stand out from other honeys. Similar to other types of honey, eucalyptus honey can suffer contaminations and adulterations that compromise its quality, safety and authenticity. Thus, detailed knowledge of the composition and properties of this monofloral honeys is of great importance. With this background, the aim of this review is to present and discuss recent data regarding the physicochemical characteristics, chemical and health-promoting properties of eucalyptus honey as well as microbial contamination, authenticity, processing and adulteration.

ACS Style

Otilia Bobis; Adela Ramona Moise; Isabel Ballesteros; Estefanía Sánchez Reyes; Silvia Sánchez Durán; José Sánchez-Sánchez; Sandra Cruz-Quintana; Francesca Giampieri; Maurizio Battino; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Eucalyptus honey: Quality parameters, chemical composition and health-promoting properties. Food Chemistry 2020, 325, 126870 .

AMA Style

Otilia Bobis, Adela Ramona Moise, Isabel Ballesteros, Estefanía Sánchez Reyes, Silvia Sánchez Durán, José Sánchez-Sánchez, Sandra Cruz-Quintana, Francesca Giampieri, Maurizio Battino, José M. Alvarez-Suarez. Eucalyptus honey: Quality parameters, chemical composition and health-promoting properties. Food Chemistry. 2020; 325 ():126870.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Otilia Bobis; Adela Ramona Moise; Isabel Ballesteros; Estefanía Sánchez Reyes; Silvia Sánchez Durán; José Sánchez-Sánchez; Sandra Cruz-Quintana; Francesca Giampieri; Maurizio Battino; José M. Alvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Eucalyptus honey: Quality parameters, chemical composition and health-promoting properties." Food Chemistry 325, no. : 126870.

Journal article
Published: 27 January 2020 in Antioxidants
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Pechiche fruits (Vitex cymosa Berteo ex Speng) from Ecuador were studied to determine their phenolic acid profile, nutrient minerals and capacity to protect primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) against oxidative-induced damage. Up to five phenolic acids were identified, with homovanillic acid as the main one. Vitamin C, β-carotene and lutein were also determined. Phosphorus and potassium were the main macrominerals, while iron was the principal micromineral. HDFa were preincubated with a crude pechiche extract (PCext) and then subjected to oxidative stress. The activity of five antioxidant enzymes, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP levels and lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were used as markers of oxidative damage. Preincubation with PCext for 24 h allowed for the significant reduction of intracellular ROS levels, improved the intracellular ATP levels and protected lipids and proteins against oxidative damage (p < 0.05). Additionally, preincubation with PCext was also able to significantly (p < 0.05) improve the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase, compared to the stressed group without pretreatment. The results obtained in this study suggest the potential of pechiche as a source of bioactive compounds, as well as its beneficial effect against oxidative stress.

ACS Style

Mabel Guevara; Luis A Valdes Silverio; María G. Granda-Albuja; Gabriel Iturralde; Tatiana Jaramillo-Vivanco; Francesca Giampieri; Celestino Santos-Buelga; Ana M. González-Paramás; Maurizio Battino; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Pechiche (Vitex cymosa Berteo ex Speng), a Nontraditional Fruit from Ecuador, is a Dietary Source of Phenolic Acids and Nutrient Minerals, in Addition to Efficiently Counteracting the Oxidative-Induced Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 109 .

AMA Style

Mabel Guevara, Luis A Valdes Silverio, María G. Granda-Albuja, Gabriel Iturralde, Tatiana Jaramillo-Vivanco, Francesca Giampieri, Celestino Santos-Buelga, Ana M. González-Paramás, Maurizio Battino, José M. Álvarez-Suarez. Pechiche (Vitex cymosa Berteo ex Speng), a Nontraditional Fruit from Ecuador, is a Dietary Source of Phenolic Acids and Nutrient Minerals, in Addition to Efficiently Counteracting the Oxidative-Induced Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (2):109.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mabel Guevara; Luis A Valdes Silverio; María G. Granda-Albuja; Gabriel Iturralde; Tatiana Jaramillo-Vivanco; Francesca Giampieri; Celestino Santos-Buelga; Ana M. González-Paramás; Maurizio Battino; José M. Álvarez-Suarez. 2020. "Pechiche (Vitex cymosa Berteo ex Speng), a Nontraditional Fruit from Ecuador, is a Dietary Source of Phenolic Acids and Nutrient Minerals, in Addition to Efficiently Counteracting the Oxidative-Induced Damage in Human Dermal Fibroblasts." Antioxidants 9, no. 2: 109.

Plant physiology
Published: 14 January 2020 in In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal
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Xyloglucan oligosaccharides (XGOs), derived from the hydrolysis of plant cell wall xyloglucan, are a novel class of biostimulants that exert positive effects on plant growth and morphology and can enhance plant stress tolerance. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the application of exogenous Tamarindus indica L. cell wall-derived XGOs on Nicotiana tabacum L. tolerance to salt stress by evaluating morphology, physiological, and metabolic changes. N. tabacum plants were grown in agar-gelled media for 2 mo under salt stress with 100 mM of sodium chloride (NaCl) ± 0.1 μM XGOs. The germination percentage (GP), number of leaves (NL), foliar area (FA), primary root length (PRL), and density of lateral roots (DLR) were measured. In addition, unaffected 21-d-old N. tabacum plants were treated with a salt shock (100 mM NaCl) ± 0.1 μM XGOs. Proline, total chlorophyll, and total carbonyl levels, in addition to lipid peroxidation degree and activities of four enzymes related to oxidative stress, were quantified. The results indicated that XGOs significantly improved N. tabacum plants development after exposure to salt stress. XGOs caused a significant increase in NL and PRL, promoted lateral root formation, and produced an increase in proline and total chlorophyll contents, while reducing protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Although the XGOs modulated the activity of the enzymes analyzed, they were not statistically different from the salt control. It was concluded that XGOs may act as metabolic inducers that trigger the physiological responses that counteract the negative effects of oxidative stress under saline conditions.

ACS Style

Timothy Páez; Jose M. Alvarez-Suarez; Fernando Rivas-Romero; Leonardo Estrada; Doménica López; Leneidy Pérez Pelea; Juan C. Cabrera; Lien González-Pérez. Increased salinity stress tolerance of Nicotiana tabacum L. in vitro plants with the addition of xyloglucan oligosaccharides to the culture medium. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal 2020, 56, 325 -334.

AMA Style

Timothy Páez, Jose M. Alvarez-Suarez, Fernando Rivas-Romero, Leonardo Estrada, Doménica López, Leneidy Pérez Pelea, Juan C. Cabrera, Lien González-Pérez. Increased salinity stress tolerance of Nicotiana tabacum L. in vitro plants with the addition of xyloglucan oligosaccharides to the culture medium. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal. 2020; 56 (3):325-334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Timothy Páez; Jose M. Alvarez-Suarez; Fernando Rivas-Romero; Leonardo Estrada; Doménica López; Leneidy Pérez Pelea; Juan C. Cabrera; Lien González-Pérez. 2020. "Increased salinity stress tolerance of Nicotiana tabacum L. in vitro plants with the addition of xyloglucan oligosaccharides to the culture medium." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal 56, no. 3: 325-334.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in DYNA
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When concrete is subjected to high temperatures, it experiences a series of chemical reactions that cause transformations in its microstructure and moisture content, which produce appreciable changes in the physical-mechanical properties of the material. In this paper a proposal of constitutive and state equations are presented, that have allowed to physically model the effect of the chemical transformations on high strength concrete and to describe the transitory evolution of the physical-mechanical properties with the increase of temperatures. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of the proposed model has been carried out which evaluates the responsiveness to the variation of different input parameters such as heating speed, intrinsic permeability, saturation and hydration initial degree and polypropylene fiber content. The results of the sensitivity analysis have shown that the assumptions and proposed equations allow to model the phenomenon with sufficient precision for its application for practical purposes. Keywords: pore pressure, concrete, physical-mechanical properties, fire, constitutive model

ACS Style

Jorge Crespo Alvarez; Pablo Agudo Toyos; Manuel Masias Vergara; Luis Alonso Dzul Lopez; Maria Luisa Samano Celorio; Ruben Bosque Eroles. CONSTITUTIVE MODEL OF HIGTH STRENGTH CONCRETE BEHAVIOUR AT HIGTH TEMPERATURES. DYNA 2020, 95, 94 -99.

AMA Style

Jorge Crespo Alvarez, Pablo Agudo Toyos, Manuel Masias Vergara, Luis Alonso Dzul Lopez, Maria Luisa Samano Celorio, Ruben Bosque Eroles. CONSTITUTIVE MODEL OF HIGTH STRENGTH CONCRETE BEHAVIOUR AT HIGTH TEMPERATURES. DYNA. 2020; 95 (1):94-99.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jorge Crespo Alvarez; Pablo Agudo Toyos; Manuel Masias Vergara; Luis Alonso Dzul Lopez; Maria Luisa Samano Celorio; Ruben Bosque Eroles. 2020. "CONSTITUTIVE MODEL OF HIGTH STRENGTH CONCRETE BEHAVIOUR AT HIGTH TEMPERATURES." DYNA 95, no. 1: 94-99.

Journal article
Published: 21 October 2019 in Energies
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The objectives this study were to examine the integrated use of oil–coagulant for the direct extraction of coagulant from Moringa oleifera (MO) with 5% and 10% (NH4)2SO4 extractor solution to harvest Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in urban wastewater and to analyze the oil extracted from MO and S. obliquus. An average content of 0.47 g of coagulant and 0.5 g of oil per gram of MO was obtained. Highly efficient algal harvest, 80.33% and 72.13%, was achieved at a dose of 0.38 g L−1 and pH 8–9 for 5% and 10% extractor solutions, respectively. For values above pH 9, the harvest efficiency decreases, producing a whitish water with 10% (NH4)2SO4 solution. The oil profile (MO and S. obliquus) showed contents of SFA of 36.24–36.54%, monounsaturated fatty acids of 32.78–36.13%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids of 27.63–30.67%. The biodiesel obtained by S. obliquus and MO has poor cold flow properties, indicating possible applications limited to warm climates. For both biodiesels, good fuel ignition was observed according to the high cetane number and positive correlation with SFA and negative correlation with the degree of saturation. This supports the use of MO as a potentially harmless bioflocculant for microalgal harvest in wastewater, contributing to its treatment, and a possible source of low-cost biodiesel.

ACS Style

Alejandro Ruiz-Marin; Yunuen Canedo-Lopez; Asteria Narvaez-Garcia; José Del Carmen Zavala-Loría; Luis Alonso Dzul-López; María Luisa Sámano-Celorio; Jorge Crespo-Álvarez; Eduardo García-Villena; Pablo Agudo-Toyos. Harvesting Scenedesmus obliquus via Flocculation of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract from Urban Wastewater: Proposal for the Integrated Use of Oil and Flocculant. Energies 2019, 12, 3996 .

AMA Style

Alejandro Ruiz-Marin, Yunuen Canedo-Lopez, Asteria Narvaez-Garcia, José Del Carmen Zavala-Loría, Luis Alonso Dzul-López, María Luisa Sámano-Celorio, Jorge Crespo-Álvarez, Eduardo García-Villena, Pablo Agudo-Toyos. Harvesting Scenedesmus obliquus via Flocculation of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract from Urban Wastewater: Proposal for the Integrated Use of Oil and Flocculant. Energies. 2019; 12 (20):3996.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alejandro Ruiz-Marin; Yunuen Canedo-Lopez; Asteria Narvaez-Garcia; José Del Carmen Zavala-Loría; Luis Alonso Dzul-López; María Luisa Sámano-Celorio; Jorge Crespo-Álvarez; Eduardo García-Villena; Pablo Agudo-Toyos. 2019. "Harvesting Scenedesmus obliquus via Flocculation of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract from Urban Wastewater: Proposal for the Integrated Use of Oil and Flocculant." Energies 12, no. 20: 3996.

Journals
Published: 02 October 2019 in Food & Function
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of strawberry anthocyanin extract treatment on twoin vitromodels of murine breast cancer cell lines, in an attempt to detect a specific pathway through which strawberries exert anticancer activity.

ACS Style

Luca Mazzoni; Francesca Giampieri; Jose Miguel Alvarez Suarez; Massimiliano Gasparrini; Bruno Mezzetti; Tamara Yuliett Forbes Hernandez; Maurizio Antonio Battino. Isolation of strawberry anthocyanin-rich fractions and their mechanisms of action against murine breast cancer cell lines. Food & Function 2019, 10, 7103 -7120.

AMA Style

Luca Mazzoni, Francesca Giampieri, Jose Miguel Alvarez Suarez, Massimiliano Gasparrini, Bruno Mezzetti, Tamara Yuliett Forbes Hernandez, Maurizio Antonio Battino. Isolation of strawberry anthocyanin-rich fractions and their mechanisms of action against murine breast cancer cell lines. Food & Function. 2019; 10 (11):7103-7120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Mazzoni; Francesca Giampieri; Jose Miguel Alvarez Suarez; Massimiliano Gasparrini; Bruno Mezzetti; Tamara Yuliett Forbes Hernandez; Maurizio Antonio Battino. 2019. "Isolation of strawberry anthocyanin-rich fractions and their mechanisms of action against murine breast cancer cell lines." Food & Function 10, no. 11: 7103-7120.