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The asphalt emulsion cold recycled mixture (CRME) technology is one of the main utilization method when RAP is used in the asphalt pavement construction. However, there is not a unified material design method for this technology. In this paper, according to the Marshall test method, the test samples were prepared by two molding methods: one-time compaction and two-time compaction. The effects of compaction work and moisture content on the performance of CRME were studied. The test results showed that after the one-time compaction of CRME, as the compaction work increased, the air void of the mixture gradually decreased, and indirect tensile strength (ITS) gradually increased. When the first compaction times exceeded 125 times, the density of CRME could meet the requirement, only limited changes could be observed when the compaction work was continuously increased. However, the increase in compaction work may cause lead to the occurrence of internal cracks and reduce the strength of the mixture. The moisture content of CRME was basically the same at 60 °C for 120 h and 70 °C for 48 h, indicating that the moisture content parameters of CRME met the principle of time-temperature equivalence. CRME was cured for 8 h at 60 °C, which had met the requirements of the technical specification with a moisture content of less than 2%. When the samples were cured for more than 24 h, there was no remarkable difference in ITS and air void of the mixtures formed by one-time compaction and two-time compaction. Therefore, there was no need to perform a second compaction for the mixture. On this basis, a material design method for CRME with one-time compaction was proposed.
Jialin Zhang; Mulian Zheng; Xiangyang Xing; Jianzhong Pei; Jiupeng Zhang; Rui Li; Pei Xu; Di Wang. Investigation on the designing method of asphalt emulsion cold recycled mixture based on one-time compaction. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 286, 124958 .
AMA StyleJialin Zhang, Mulian Zheng, Xiangyang Xing, Jianzhong Pei, Jiupeng Zhang, Rui Li, Pei Xu, Di Wang. Investigation on the designing method of asphalt emulsion cold recycled mixture based on one-time compaction. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 286 ():124958.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJialin Zhang; Mulian Zheng; Xiangyang Xing; Jianzhong Pei; Jiupeng Zhang; Rui Li; Pei Xu; Di Wang. 2020. "Investigation on the designing method of asphalt emulsion cold recycled mixture based on one-time compaction." Journal of Cleaner Production 286, no. : 124958.
This paper investigates the effect of the glass transition temperature, Tg, and the use of modulus shift factors bT on the measured rheological properties of asphalt binders at low temperatures. First, temperature-frequency (T-f) sweep tests are performed with the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) on asphalt binder, and, the corresponding Tg is calculated. Next, modulus shift factors bT is applied to the modulus data measured at temperatures below Tg in the Cole-Cole plot. Finally, a visual comparison of master curves and the parameter assessment of 2 Spring 2 Parabolic 1 Dashpot (2S2P1D) model are used to evaluate the effect of bT. A significant increase in dynamic shear modulus is observed when the DSR test is performed below Tg, while bT can take into account this phenomenon on the shape of the curves in the Cole-Cole plot. Hence, the combined use of the horizontal shift factor, aT, and modulus shift factor, bT, is recommended when the DSR tests are performed at temperatures lower than the corresponding asphalt binders Tg.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. Investigation on the low temperature properties of asphalt binder: Glass transition temperature and modulus shift factor. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 245, 118351 .
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Chiara Riccardi, Michael P. Wistuba. Investigation on the low temperature properties of asphalt binder: Glass transition temperature and modulus shift factor. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 245 ():118351.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. 2020. "Investigation on the low temperature properties of asphalt binder: Glass transition temperature and modulus shift factor." Construction and Building Materials 245, no. : 118351.
In this paper, three different rheological models including a newly developed formulation based on the current Christensen Anderson and Marateanu (CAM) model, named sigmoidal CAM model (SCM), are used to estimate the evolution of roughness, rutting, and reflective cracking in a typical composite pavement structure currently widely adopted in South Korea. Three different asphalt mixtures were prepared and dynamic modulus tests were performed. Then, the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide (MEPDG) was used for predicting the progression of the pavement distress and to estimate the effect of the three different models on such phenomena. It is found that the three different mathematical models provide lower and upper limits for roughness, rutting, and reflective cracking. While the CAM model may not be entirely reliable due to its inability in fitting the data in the high-temperature domain, SCM might result in moderately more conservative pavement design.
Ki Hoon Moon; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Hae Won Park; Di Wang. Effect of Different Rheological Models on the Distress Prediction of Composite Pavement. Materials 2020, 13, 229 .
AMA StyleKi Hoon Moon, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Hae Won Park, Di Wang. Effect of Different Rheological Models on the Distress Prediction of Composite Pavement. Materials. 2020; 13 (1):229.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKi Hoon Moon; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Hae Won Park; Di Wang. 2020. "Effect of Different Rheological Models on the Distress Prediction of Composite Pavement." Materials 13, no. 1: 229.
The 4 mm parallel plate geometry in the DSR with a new sample installation method is proposed to evaluate low temperature rheological properties of asphalt binders. For this purpose, the influences of temperature conditioning and normal force were studied, and finally suitable test conditions were identified to run T-f-Sweep tests in oscillation mode. Appropriate shear stresses were identified by amplitude sweep tests considering the instrument limitations. Consequently, testing conditions and instrument limitations are determined, which need to be respected to obtain precise and repeatable rheological data.
Johannes Büchner; Michael P. Wistuba; Torsten Remmler; Di Wang. On low temperature binder testing using DSR 4 mm geometry. Materials and Structures 2019, 52, 113 .
AMA StyleJohannes Büchner, Michael P. Wistuba, Torsten Remmler, Di Wang. On low temperature binder testing using DSR 4 mm geometry. Materials and Structures. 2019; 52 (6):113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohannes Büchner; Michael P. Wistuba; Torsten Remmler; Di Wang. 2019. "On low temperature binder testing using DSR 4 mm geometry." Materials and Structures 52, no. 6: 113.
In this paper, the effect of physical hardening and aging temperatures on the low temperature rheological properties of the asphalt binder is experimentally investigated and modelled. First, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) tests are performed from −30°C to 80°C on four virgin asphalt binders and the corresponding long-term aged binders, which were previously short-term aged at three different temperatures (123°C, 143°C, and 163°C). Master curves are generated to evaluate the impact of aging temperatures, while the effect of physical hardening is also addressed through a simple testing procedure. Then, Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) tests are conducted under three different conditioning times (1 h, 24 h, and 72 h) for the same materials, followed by the calculation and comparison of creep stiffness, S(t) and relaxation parameter, m-value. In addition, the Huet model is fitted to the experimental data. Finally, the relationship between the time domain complex modulus based on DSR and the creep stiffness obtained with the BBR at different conditioning time is established, and the critical cracking temperatures are calculated and compared. Results indicate that physical hardening causes a significant increase in complex shear modulus and creep stiffness for DSR and BBR, respectively. This trend is remarkable between the first 60 minutes and 24 h while only a moderate contribution can be observed when conditioning time is extended. Linear correlations can be observed between the DSR and BBR results at different conditioning time. No particular storage time leads to equivalent E(t) master curves for BBR and DSR; the curve of 24 h seems to be a compromise in terms of experimental and time costs. In addition, the reduced aging temperature can significantly mitigate the effect of physical hardening, while only a slight improvement can be found in the aging properties of asphalt binders.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Jan Westerhoff; Michael P. Wistuba. Investigation on the effect of physical hardening and aging temperature on low-temperature rheological properties of asphalt binder. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2019, 22, 1117 -1139.
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Chiara Riccardi, Jan Westerhoff, Michael P. Wistuba. Investigation on the effect of physical hardening and aging temperature on low-temperature rheological properties of asphalt binder. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2019; 22 (5):1117-1139.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Jan Westerhoff; Michael P. Wistuba. 2019. "Investigation on the effect of physical hardening and aging temperature on low-temperature rheological properties of asphalt binder." Road Materials and Pavement Design 22, no. 5: 1117-1139.
In this paper, the combined use of re-recycled reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and Electric Arc-Furnace Steel Slag (EAFSS) is experimentally investigated and evaluated. First, a virgin asphalt mixture for surface layers is prepared and next aged in the laboratory to reproduce artificial RAP. Then, this material is used to prepare a set of first generation recycled mixtures which further undergoes the same procedure to finally produce RAP and mixtures presenting a second generation of recycling (re-recycling). Meanwhile, the combination of EAFSS and RAP of different generations is also incorporated in the mix design. Fatigue, low temperature creep, and fracture tests are conducted to evaluate the mixtures’ mechanical properties. Both recycled and re-recycled mixtures prepared with or without slags shows better fatigue behavior than virgin material. Higher stiffness and poorer relaxation response are exhibited by re-recycled RAP mixtures compared with the recycled materials, although within levels commonly observed in the literature. Fracture tests indicate a complex behavior for re-recycled mixtures showing a similar response to the virgin materials for a higher amount of RAP. Only limited differences can be found when slag is used. The present experimental study seems to provide evidence on the possibility of combining re-recycled RAP and EAFSS to designing asphalt mixtures for pavement application.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. Experimental Investigation of Performance Properties of Asphalt Mixture Designed with the Re-recycled RAP and EAFSS. Proceedings of EECE 2020 2019, 164 -173.
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Ki Hoon Moon, Chiara Riccardi, Michael P. Wistuba. Experimental Investigation of Performance Properties of Asphalt Mixture Designed with the Re-recycled RAP and EAFSS. Proceedings of EECE 2020. 2019; ():164-173.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. 2019. "Experimental Investigation of Performance Properties of Asphalt Mixture Designed with the Re-recycled RAP and EAFSS." Proceedings of EECE 2020 , no. : 164-173.
In this paper, the possibility of using different amounts of re-recycled (repeated recycled) Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in the asphalt mixture was experimentally investigated. First, a single virgin mixture was prepared and artificially aged to simulate the first generation of RAP to be used for designing the first generation of recycled mixtures. Next, the recycled mixtures were further aged to obtain a second generation of RAP to be mixed for preparing the second generation of recycled mixtures with and without the contribution of a rejuvenator. The fatigue behavior and low-temperature properties of all asphalt mixtures were experimentally investigated based on the cylindrical indirect tensile test (CIDT), Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) mixture creep stiffness tests, and Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) fracture tests, respectively. Results indicate that re-recycled materials designed with and without rejuvenator show inferior fatigue behavior with respect to the first generation of recycled mixtures while exhibiting better performance than the virgin material. Meanwhile, poorer low-temperature creep properties were observed for the mixture prepared with recycled and re-recycled RAP. Fracture properties comparable with those of the virgin material were obtained only for re-recycled mixtures designed with rejuvenator. The present experimental work provides evidence on the possibility of using re-recycled RAP up to 40% when rejuvenators are included in the mix design.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Chiara Riccardi; Jianzhong Pei; Yong Wen. Artificially prepared Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)—an experimental investigation on re-recycling. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 26, 35620 -35628.
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Ki Hoon Moon, Chiara Riccardi, Jianzhong Pei, Yong Wen. Artificially prepared Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)—an experimental investigation on re-recycling. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 26 (35):35620-35628.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Chiara Riccardi; Jianzhong Pei; Yong Wen. 2019. "Artificially prepared Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)—an experimental investigation on re-recycling." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 35: 35620-35628.
This paper evaluates whether the temperature reduction production during Warm-Mix Asphalt (WMA) leads to a beneficial effect on short- and long-term aging properties of asphalt binder. For this purpose, two 70/100 penetration grade virgin asphalt binders were used. First, the material was short term aged at three different temperature, 123 °C, 143 °C, and 163 °C, and then, long term aged. Shear complex modulus was then measured with the Dynamic Shear Rheometer and the data used to generate master curves and fit the 2 Spring 2 Parabolic 1 Dashpot model. Glover–Rowe parameter and crossover-temperature were next determined to further investigate the effect of aging temperature on the properties of the material. Significant differences were observed between 163 and 123 °C for both short- and long-term aging conditions. However, a remarkable difference between 143 and 123 °C could be detected only for the short-term aged binder. Finally, the statistical analysis confirmed the experimentally observed trend. Based on the results and analysis presented in this paper, it can be hypothesized that a reduction in the temperature of short-term aging, which is commonly experienced during WMA production, may result in an overall substantially milder aging.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Lily Poulikakos; Bernhard Hofko; Laurent Porot. RILEM TC 252-CMB report: rheological modeling of asphalt binder under different short and long-term aging temperatures. Materials and Structures 2019, 52, 73 .
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Lily Poulikakos, Bernhard Hofko, Laurent Porot. RILEM TC 252-CMB report: rheological modeling of asphalt binder under different short and long-term aging temperatures. Materials and Structures. 2019; 52 (4):73.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Lily Poulikakos; Bernhard Hofko; Laurent Porot. 2019. "RILEM TC 252-CMB report: rheological modeling of asphalt binder under different short and long-term aging temperatures." Materials and Structures 52, no. 4: 73.
This study reviewed and compared the test methods for the high-temperature performance of asphalt binder, and selected repeated creep recovery (RCR) test to evaluate the high-temperature performance of three waste-based high-viscosity asphalt binders (WHABs, including D-I, D-II, and F) and a control sample (Tafpack-Super modified asphalt, TMA). Meanwhile, shear stress, test temperature, and aging degree of binders, which could influence high-temperature behavior of binders, were also investigated, and related evaluation indexes including recovery compliance (R), non-recoverable creep compliance (Jnr), and viscous stiffness modulus (Gv) were compared. Results show that WHABs has much better high-temperature performance than TMA; shear stress has the most prominent effect on binders’ high-temperature performance, followed by aging degree, and lastly the selected test temperature in γ–time curve results; R, Jnr, and Gv values results indicate aging degree has a significant effect on binders, and improving binders’ aging performance can greatly improve the high-temperature performance.
Jun Cai; Yansong Wang; Di Wang; Rui Li; Jiupeng Zhang; Jianzhong Pei. Investigation on high-temperature performance of waste-based high-viscosity asphalt binders (WHABs) by repeated creep recovery (RCR) test. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 2019, 46, 403 -412.
AMA StyleJun Cai, Yansong Wang, Di Wang, Rui Li, Jiupeng Zhang, Jianzhong Pei. Investigation on high-temperature performance of waste-based high-viscosity asphalt binders (WHABs) by repeated creep recovery (RCR) test. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 2019; 46 (5):403-412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJun Cai; Yansong Wang; Di Wang; Rui Li; Jiupeng Zhang; Jianzhong Pei. 2019. "Investigation on high-temperature performance of waste-based high-viscosity asphalt binders (WHABs) by repeated creep recovery (RCR) test." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 46, no. 5: 403-412.
In this paper, the combined effect of aging temperatures and cooling medium on the rheological properties of asphalt binder was experimentally investigated and evaluated. Two 70/100 penetration grade binders, which were part of the core materials used by the active RILEM committee CMB-252, were selected for this purpose. The materials were artificially aged to six different conditions, first with the Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT) at three different temperatures (123°C, 143°C, and 163°C), and then, with the standard Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV). Next, temperature and frequency sweep (T-f-sweep) tests were performed on the entire set of materials by using the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) from −30°C to 80°C while low-temperature creep tests were conducted on the long-term aged asphalt binders with the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) devices in air and in ethanol, respectively. Then, the 2 Spring 2 Parabolic element 1 Dashpot model (2S2P1D) and Huet model were used to evaluate the rheological properties of asphalt binders based on the DSR and BBR results, respectively. Moreover, two parameters, crossover temperature, Tδ=45°, and the difference in critical temperature, ΔTc, were used to evaluate the aging properties of the materials. Finally, the relationship between the time domain complex modulus based on DSR and the creep stiffness obtained with the BBR was established to investigate the effect of the cooling medium at low-temperatures. The results indicate that a temperature reduced process may lead to a mitigation of the short-term aging of asphalt binders, while a temperature reduction of only 40°C can result in a consistently milder long-term aging. In the BBR test, higher creep stiffness and smaller m-values can be observed in the air compared to ethanol. Huet and 2S2P1D models show that complex modulus and creep stiffness share the same core parameters only in the case of air. Based on the finding in this research, the temperature reduced mixing process and the use of air for BBR creep tests are recommended.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Lily Poulikakos; Bernhard Hofko; Laurent Porot; Michael P. Wistuba; Hassan Baaj; Peter Mikhailenko; Ki Hoon Moon. Investigation on the combined effect of aging temperatures and cooling medium on rheological properties of asphalt binder based on DSR and BBR. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2019, 20, S409 -S433.
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Chiara Riccardi, Lily Poulikakos, Bernhard Hofko, Laurent Porot, Michael P. Wistuba, Hassan Baaj, Peter Mikhailenko, Ki Hoon Moon. Investigation on the combined effect of aging temperatures and cooling medium on rheological properties of asphalt binder based on DSR and BBR. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2019; 20 (sup1):S409-S433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Lily Poulikakos; Bernhard Hofko; Laurent Porot; Michael P. Wistuba; Hassan Baaj; Peter Mikhailenko; Ki Hoon Moon. 2019. "Investigation on the combined effect of aging temperatures and cooling medium on rheological properties of asphalt binder based on DSR and BBR." Road Materials and Pavement Design 20, no. sup1: S409-S433.
Using reclaimed asphalt material for rehabilitation and construction of new asphalt pavements is currently a common practice not only in view of the economic benefits associated with this process but also because of the reduced exploitation of natural resources. For this reason, road authorities have implemented recommendations and guidelines to regulate the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and other recycled materials such as industrial by-products. Nevertheless, the combined use of different recycled materials is not commonly addressed. In this paper, the effect of adding RAP and taconite (a mining by-product) on fatigue and low temperature properties of asphalt mixture was investigated with two different testing geometries: indirect tensile (IDT) and semi-circular bending (SCB). Fatigue behavior, creep stiffness, relaxation modulus, low temperature fracture energy, and fracture toughness were also evaluated, computed, and then compared. A more brittle behavior was observed for mixture prepared with RAP material, however, the mechanical performance was not significantly different for mixtures containing 20% RAP alone and in combination with 50% taconite compared with conventional asphalt mixtures designed with virgin material. This was not the case when RAP content was increased up to 50%, showing a substantially poorer response both in terms of fatigue and low temperature characteristics and suggesting the RAP had a dominant effect. The present exploratory research seems to support the idea of combining RAP and different industry by-products, such as taconite, as long as the RAP content is kept below a specific threshold.
Ki Hoon Moon; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Di Wang; Yun Su Kim. Experimental Investigation on Fatigue and Low Temperature Properties of Asphalt Mixtures Designed with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Taconite Aggregate. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2019, 2673, 472 -484.
AMA StyleKi Hoon Moon, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Di Wang, Yun Su Kim. Experimental Investigation on Fatigue and Low Temperature Properties of Asphalt Mixtures Designed with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Taconite Aggregate. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2019; 2673 (3):472-484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKi Hoon Moon; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Di Wang; Yun Su Kim. 2019. "Experimental Investigation on Fatigue and Low Temperature Properties of Asphalt Mixtures Designed with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Taconite Aggregate." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 3: 472-484.
The possibility of using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) with 4 mm parallel plates and 3 mm gap is investigated as an alternative experimental method to measure the rheological properties of asphalt binders at low temperature. A special butterfly silicone mold was prepared for this purpose and the corresponding testing procedure was also developed. Five different asphalt binders, which are part of two active research projects, were selected. Frequency and temperature sweep tests were conducted using the DSR with three plate–plate geometries: 4 mm, 8 mm, and 25 mm. The new testing procedure was used to measure at low temperatures. The method recently proposed by the Western Research Institute and based on DSR tests with 4 mm parallel plates and 1.75 mm gap was also used for comparison purposes. Black diagrams and Cole-Cole plots were then used to evaluate the experimental data. Complex modulus and phase angle master curves were generated, and the rheological parameters compared. Finally, the two spring, two parabolic elements, one dashpot (2S2P1D) model was selected to investigate the rheological properties of the binders. Results indicate that the proposed procedure is a simple and reliable experimental method and represents an alternative experimental option to measure and analyze the rheological properties of asphalt binders at low temperature.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Alexander Alisov; Johannes Schrader; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. An Alternative Experimental Method for Measuring the Low Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder by Using 4mm Parallel Plates on Dynamic Shear Rheometer. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2019, 2673, 427 -438.
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Alexander Alisov, Johannes Schrader, Chiara Riccardi, Michael P. Wistuba. An Alternative Experimental Method for Measuring the Low Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder by Using 4mm Parallel Plates on Dynamic Shear Rheometer. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2019; 2673 (3):427-438.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Alexander Alisov; Johannes Schrader; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. 2019. "An Alternative Experimental Method for Measuring the Low Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder by Using 4mm Parallel Plates on Dynamic Shear Rheometer." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 3: 427-438.
Low-temperature properties of asphalt binders are fundamental for designing asphalt mixture in cold regions. This is especially true for alternative technologies such as Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA), for which a temperature reduction during production may potentially lead to substantial benefits in terms of long-term aging conditions. At low temperature, asphalt binder is conventionally characterized based on creep tests conducted with the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) in ethanol at a single conditioning time of 1 h. However, asphalt binders undergo significant time-dependent stiffening, often referred to physical hardening, when stored at such low temperatures. In this paper, the effect of aging temperatures and physical hardening on the low temperature rheological properties is experimentally investigated and modeled. First, BBR tests are performed on four long-term aged asphalt binders, which were previously short-term aged at three different temperatures (123 °C, 143 °C, and 163 °C), after three different conditioning times: 1 h, 24 h and 72 h. Next, the creep stiffness, S(t), relaxation parameter, m-value, and difference in critical temperature, ΔTc are calculated and compared. Finally, the Huet model is fitted to the experimental data with the goal of comparing the effect of aging temperatures and physical hardening on the rheological parameters. Results indicate that physical hardening causes a significant increase in creep stiffness in the first 24 h while only moderate contribution is obtained when condition time is extended. In addition, the reduced production temperature of 40 °C can significantly improve the aging properties of asphalt binders at low temperatures while mitigating the effect of physical hardening.
Di Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. Investigation on the Effect of Physical Hardening and Aging Condition on Low-Temperature Properties of Asphalt Binder Based on BBR. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 2018, 111 -116.
AMA StyleDi Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Chiara Riccardi, Michael P. Wistuba. Investigation on the Effect of Physical Hardening and Aging Condition on Low-Temperature Properties of Asphalt Binder Based on BBR. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6. 2018; ():111-116.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Wang; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. 2018. "Investigation on the Effect of Physical Hardening and Aging Condition on Low-Temperature Properties of Asphalt Binder Based on BBR." High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 , no. : 111-116.
Re-refined Engine Oil Bottoms (REOB) is the heavy distillation residue from refining used engine oil. It is used as a modifier for asphalt binders to achieve a specific performance grade. Due to premature pavement failures experienced, several Northeast states developed concerns regarding the use of REOB. The objective of this study was to determine the implications of using REOB on binder and mixture performance as compared to when a straight run binder is used. Binders were formulated using two different types of REOB and three asphalt binder sources. Delta Tc and Extended Bending Beam Rheometer tests were used to characterize binder performance. The Illinois Flexibility Index Test (IFIT) was used to characterize the performance of these binders in a typical mixture. Results indicated that REOB formulated binders may have an increased potential for non-load associated and low temperature cracking. In a mixture, these binders may negatively impact cracking susceptibility.
Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Di Wang; Riccardi Chiara; Yoo Byeong Soo; Michael P. Wistuba. Experimental and numerical investigation on RAP mixtures at low temperature. Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction 2018, 141 -144.
AMA StyleAugusto Cannone Falchetto, Ki Hoon Moon, Di Wang, Riccardi Chiara, Yoo Byeong Soo, Michael P. Wistuba. Experimental and numerical investigation on RAP mixtures at low temperature. Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction. 2018; ():141-144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAugusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Di Wang; Riccardi Chiara; Yoo Byeong Soo; Michael P. Wistuba. 2018. "Experimental and numerical investigation on RAP mixtures at low temperature." Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction , no. : 141-144.
In this paper, the possibility of using air as an alternative cooling medium for testing asphalt binder in the bending beam rheometer (BBR) is considered and evaluated. For this purpose, five asphalt binders were characterized with the BBR; creep stiffness, m-value, performance grade (PG), thermal stress, and critical cracking temperature were computed both for ethanol and air. In addition, the rheological Huet model was fitted to the experimental measurements to further investigate the effect of the cooling medium. It was found that air measurements result in stiffer materials, with higher low PG, higher thermal stress, and critical cracking temperature. The parameters of the Huet model confirm such a stiffening effect when air is used. Based on the material response observed in this study, further research is recommended before potentially replacing ethanol with air in the BBR, as the latter appears to provide a substantially different material grading.
Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Di Wang; Chiara Riccardi. Investigation on the cooling medium effect in the characterization of asphalt binder with the bending beam rheometer (BBR). Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 2018, 45, 594 -604.
AMA StyleAugusto Cannone Falchetto, Ki Hoon Moon, Di Wang, Chiara Riccardi. Investigation on the cooling medium effect in the characterization of asphalt binder with the bending beam rheometer (BBR). Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 2018; 45 (7):594-604.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAugusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Di Wang; Chiara Riccardi. 2018. "Investigation on the cooling medium effect in the characterization of asphalt binder with the bending beam rheometer (BBR)." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 7: 594-604.
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the combined use of high content of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and rejuvenators, for producing asphalt mixtures for wearing courses. First, the new Binder-Fast-Characterization-Test (Bitumen Typisierungs Schnell Verfahren in German) BTSV method, recently proposed in Germany, is used to determine the amount of rejuvenator required to design recycled mixtures for a specific RAP source. Then, a set of seven asphalt mixtures for wearing course is prepared with different amounts of RAP and with three types of rejuvenators. The BTSV procedure is further applied to evaluate the rheological properties of the binder extracted from the mixtures. Resistance to permanent deformation, stiffness, fatigue, and low temperature behavior tests are then performed to determine the material response. It is observed that the use of recycled material and rejuvenators results in similar or better deformation resistance, higher stiffness and enhanced low temperature properties, with an improved fatigue behavior, also for high RAP content, when compared to mixtures prepared with virgin material. These findings suggest the possibility of using rejuvenators for field tests on wearing courses.
Stephan Büchler; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Axel Walther; Chiara Riccardi; Di Wang; Michael P. Wistuba. Wearing Course Mixtures Prepared with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content Modified by Rejuvenators. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2018, 2672, 96 -106.
AMA StyleStephan Büchler, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Axel Walther, Chiara Riccardi, Di Wang, Michael P. Wistuba. Wearing Course Mixtures Prepared with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content Modified by Rejuvenators. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2018; 2672 (28):96-106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephan Büchler; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Axel Walther; Chiara Riccardi; Di Wang; Michael P. Wistuba. 2018. "Wearing Course Mixtures Prepared with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content Modified by Rejuvenators." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 28: 96-106.
The second and third types of boundary conditions were mixed to simulate the change rule for the subgrade temperature field under the actual climate condition in a seasonal frozen region. The temperature difference between sunny and shady slopes was also analyzed. The freezing and thawing coefficients were introduced to compute the subgrade deformation caused by temperature differences considering the location and shape of the freezing fringe. Then, the mechanism of subgrade deformation was discussed. Results show the following conditions. (1) When groundwater exists, an uneven horizontal deformation is strongly affected by the temperature difference caused by slopes. (2) The deformations of the shoulder and bottom of the northern slope are greater during the freezing process than during the thawing process, and maximum deformation occurs at the top of the northern slope during the thawing process. Meanwhile, tension damage is likely to appear on both sides of the slope and at the top of the subgrade near the northern slope. Thus, for subgrade design and maintenance in a seasonal frozen region, the northern slope and the shoulder near the northern slope can be treated separately. Different designs and maintenance procedures can be applied to decrease temperature difference.
Wei-Na Wang; Yu Qin; Xiao-Fei Li; Hui-Qiang Chen; Di Wang. Numerical Simulation of the Temperature Field and Deformation of Subgrade for Sunny-Shady Slopes in a Seasonal Frozen Region. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (English Edition) 2018, 12, 26 -35.
AMA StyleWei-Na Wang, Yu Qin, Xiao-Fei Li, Hui-Qiang Chen, Di Wang. Numerical Simulation of the Temperature Field and Deformation of Subgrade for Sunny-Shady Slopes in a Seasonal Frozen Region. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (English Edition). 2018; 12 (1):26-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei-Na Wang; Yu Qin; Xiao-Fei Li; Hui-Qiang Chen; Di Wang. 2018. "Numerical Simulation of the Temperature Field and Deformation of Subgrade for Sunny-Shady Slopes in a Seasonal Frozen Region." Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (English Edition) 12, no. 1: 26-35.
Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Di Wang; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. Comparison of low-temperature fracture and strength properties of asphalt mixture obtained from IDT and SCB under different testing configurations. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2018, 19, 591 -604.
AMA StyleAugusto Cannone Falchetto, Ki Hoon Moon, Di Wang, Chiara Riccardi, Michael P. Wistuba. Comparison of low-temperature fracture and strength properties of asphalt mixture obtained from IDT and SCB under different testing configurations. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2018; 19 (3):591-604.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAugusto Cannone Falchetto; Ki Hoon Moon; Di Wang; Chiara Riccardi; Michael P. Wistuba. 2018. "Comparison of low-temperature fracture and strength properties of asphalt mixture obtained from IDT and SCB under different testing configurations." Road Materials and Pavement Design 19, no. 3: 591-604.
The characterisation of asphalt binder at low temperature is of fundamental importance for selecting and designing asphalt materials with good and durable performance in regions experiencing severely cold climates. The current specification addresses this issue based on the Performance Grading (PG) system, developed during the Strategic Highway Research Program, and on low-temperature creep tests performed on asphalt binder with the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR). Recently, an alternative experimental method was proposed to relate the complex modulus, obtained with the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) at low temperature, to the BBR creep stiffness. However, while DSR tests are performed in air, BBR relies on an ethanol bath for conditioning the binder specimens, making the relation between complex modulus and creep stiffness dependent on the specific cooling medium. In this paper, the effect of cooling medium on the low PG and on the rheological properties obtained from DSR and BBR tests is experimentally investigated and modelled. First, DSR and BBR tests, in ethanol and air, are performed on a set of different asphalt binders. Then, a relationship between the complex modulus in the time domain and the creep stiffness obtained both in ethanol and air is derived and the low PG for both cooling media is estimated. Finally, 2 Springs 2 Parabolic Elements 1 Dashpot and the Huet models are used to compare the effect of ethanol and air on the rheological properties of the asphalt binders. It is found that air results into higher creep stiffness and smaller m-values compared to ethanol. The two rheological models indicate that, only in the case of air, complex modulus and creep stiffness present the same kernel model parameters. This suggests that the low performance grade, obtained from BBR tests in ethanol, is strongly affected by the cooling medium, as well as the recently proposed procedure based on DSR tests. Based on the finding of the present research, the use of air for BBR creep tests is recommended.
Chiara Riccardi; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Di Wang; Michael P. Wistuba. Effect of cooling medium on low-temperature properties of asphalt binder. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2017, 18, 234 -255.
AMA StyleChiara Riccardi, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Di Wang, Michael P. Wistuba. Effect of cooling medium on low-temperature properties of asphalt binder. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2017; 18 (sup4):234-255.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiara Riccardi; Augusto Cannone Falchetto; Di Wang; Michael P. Wistuba. 2017. "Effect of cooling medium on low-temperature properties of asphalt binder." Road Materials and Pavement Design 18, no. sup4: 234-255.
Faulting prediction is the core of concrete pavement maintenance and design. Highway agencies are always faced with the problem of lower accuracy for the prediction which causes costly maintenance. Although many researchers have developed some performance prediction models, the accuracy of prediction has remained a challenge. This paper reviews performance prediction models and JPCP faulting models that have been used in past research. Then three models including multivariate nonlinear regression (MNLR) model, artificial neural network (ANN) model, and Markov Chain (MC) model are tested and compared using a set of actual pavement survey data taken on interstate highway with varying design features, traffic, and climate data. It is found that MNLR model needs further recalibration, while the ANN model needs more data for training the network. MC model seems a good tool for pavement performance prediction when the data is limited, but it is based on visual inspections and not explicitly related to quantitative physical parameters. This paper then suggests that the further direction for developing the performance prediction model is incorporating the advantages and disadvantages of different models to obtain better accuracy.
Weina Wang; Yu Qin; Xiaofei Li; Di Wang; Huiqiang Chen. Comparisons of Faulting-Based Pavement Performance Prediction Models. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017, 2017, 1 -9.
AMA StyleWeina Wang, Yu Qin, Xiaofei Li, Di Wang, Huiqiang Chen. Comparisons of Faulting-Based Pavement Performance Prediction Models. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 2017; 2017 ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeina Wang; Yu Qin; Xiaofei Li; Di Wang; Huiqiang Chen. 2017. "Comparisons of Faulting-Based Pavement Performance Prediction Models." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017, no. : 1-9.