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A literature review is presented specifically on the photovoltaic (PV) as a distributed generation (DG) integration approach and the extensiveness through renewable energy (RE) assessment criteria in current green building rating system (GBRS) to: delineate for further classification in terms of installed-capacity; identify the RE applications’ intent / aim; and recommendation for PV-type DG (PV-DG) expansion needs. The paper aims to close the gap in knowledge, by an empirical review of current RE assessment criteria and to portray the expected evolution of RE for higher installed-capacity in ensuring the government key achievement can be achieved. In considering the expansion needs in GBRS, the optimal technique for PV-DG expansion-limit would serve as a conceptual bridge between expanding mechanism and realization of the Malaysian most recent RE policy specifically on the drastically increment of RE quota. These can be achieved since various DG optimization case studies have been presented and overcome with the improvement impact on the test system, in term of power loss reduction, increased efficiency and optimal cost outcome. Future analysis as well as research direction are proposed and linked with some of the previous optimization reviews in recent literature.
Mohd Effendi Amran; Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin; Nurul Aini Bani; Sharipah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahaman; Nelidya Md Yusoff; Mohd Hanapi Azizul; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Photovoltaic-integrated review and expansion need in green building landscape for bridging the malaysian RE policy. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2020, 17, 27 -35.
AMA StyleMohd Effendi Amran, Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin, Nurul Aini Bani, Sharipah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahaman, Nelidya Md Yusoff, Mohd Hanapi Azizul, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. Photovoltaic-integrated review and expansion need in green building landscape for bridging the malaysian RE policy. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. 2020; 17 (1):27-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohd Effendi Amran; Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin; Nurul Aini Bani; Sharipah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahaman; Nelidya Md Yusoff; Mohd Hanapi Azizul; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. 2020. "Photovoltaic-integrated review and expansion need in green building landscape for bridging the malaysian RE policy." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 1: 27-35.
This paper presents an optimization approach in determining the expansion-limit of Renewable Distributed Generation (DG) capacity through a Net Energy Metering (NEM) scheme specifically for selected Malaysian public hospitals. In this study, the total line loss reduction was analyzed and set as the main objective function in the optimization process where an acceptance region for DG extensiveness was proposed via the lower total line loss outcome value. Solar photovoltaic (PV)-type DG unit (PV-DG) was identified as the type of DG used in this paper. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm was chosen to alleviate such PV-DG optimization. The distribution network uses a bus and line data setup from the three selected Malaysian public hospitals prior to three different levels, i.e., National, State, and District level hospitals. MATLAB simulation result showed the PV-DG expansion capacity towards bigger scale and location bounded by the U-trajectory shape theory which resulted in a contradiction between NEM current maximum capacity requirement and actual PV-DG expansion-limit. These limitations were also found to be different among three different level hospitals, and the expansion-limit was tailored by their own distribution network parameters. Thus, this paper provides technical justification and gives the best option to the renewable energy (RE) developer for more effective PV-DG integration through the utilization of a NEM scheme. The importance of the study is portrayed in-depth towards achieving a more sensible and accurate way of estimating the outcome. This will encourage developers, building owners, and users in participating towards achieving potential benefits both in monetary and power system reliability improvement, specifically for Malaysian public hospital applications.
Mohd Effendi Amran; Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki; Nurul Aini Bani; Tauran Zaidi Ahmad Zaidi; Khairul Azmy Kamaluddin; Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey. Photovoltaic Expansion-Limit through a Net Energy Metering Scheme for Selected Malaysian Public Hospitals. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5131 .
AMA StyleMohd Effendi Amran, Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Nurul Aini Bani, Tauran Zaidi Ahmad Zaidi, Khairul Azmy Kamaluddin, Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey. Photovoltaic Expansion-Limit through a Net Energy Metering Scheme for Selected Malaysian Public Hospitals. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (18):5131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohd Effendi Amran; Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki; Nurul Aini Bani; Tauran Zaidi Ahmad Zaidi; Khairul Azmy Kamaluddin; Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey. 2019. "Photovoltaic Expansion-Limit through a Net Energy Metering Scheme for Selected Malaysian Public Hospitals." Sustainability 11, no. 18: 5131.