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This paper presents an improved droop-based control strategy for the active and reactive power-sharing on the large-scale Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current (MT-HVDC) systems. As droop parameters enforce the stability of the DC grid, and allow the MT-HVDC systems to participate in the AC voltage and frequency regulation of the different AC systems interconnected by the DC grids, a communication-free control method to optimally select the droop parameters, consisting of AC voltage-droop, DC voltage-droop, and frequency-droop parameters, is investigated to balance the power in MT-HVDC systems and minimize AC voltage, DC voltage, and frequency deviations. A five-terminal Voltage-Sourced Converter (VSC)-HVDC system is modeled and analyzed in EMTDC/PSCAD and MATLAB software. Different scenarios are investigated to check the performance of the proposed droop-based control strategy. The simulation results show that the proposed droop-based control strategy is capable of sharing the active and reactive power, as well as regulating the AC voltage, DC voltage, and frequency of AC/DC grids in case of sudden changes, without the need for communication infrastructure. The simulation results confirm the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed droop-based control strategy.
Fazel Mohammadi; Gholam-Abbas Nazri; Mehrdad Saif. An Improved Droop-Based Control Strategy for MT-HVDC Systems. Electronics 2020, 9, 87 .
AMA StyleFazel Mohammadi, Gholam-Abbas Nazri, Mehrdad Saif. An Improved Droop-Based Control Strategy for MT-HVDC Systems. Electronics. 2020; 9 (1):87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFazel Mohammadi; Gholam-Abbas Nazri; Mehrdad Saif. 2020. "An Improved Droop-Based Control Strategy for MT-HVDC Systems." Electronics 9, no. 1: 87.
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) have the potential of providing frequency regulation due to the adjustment of power charging. Based on the stochastic nature of the daily mileage and the arrival and departure time of Electric Vehicles (EVs), a precise bidirectional charging control strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles by considering the State of Charge (SoC) of the batteries and simultaneous voltage and frequency regulation is presented in this paper. The proposed strategy can control the batteries charge which are connected to the grid, and simultaneously regulate the voltage and frequency of the power grid during the charging time based on the available power when different events occur over a 24-h period. The simulation results prove the validity of the proposed control strategy in coordinating plug-in hybrid electric vehicles aggregations and its significant contribution to the peak reduction, as well as power quality improvement. The case study in this paper consists of detailed models of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), diesel generator and wind farm, a generic aggregation of EVs with various charging profiles, and different loads. The test system is simulated and analyzed in MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
Fazel Mohammadi; Gholam-Abbas Nazri; Mehrdad Saif. A Bidirectional Power Charging Control Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4317 .
AMA StyleFazel Mohammadi, Gholam-Abbas Nazri, Mehrdad Saif. A Bidirectional Power Charging Control Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (16):4317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFazel Mohammadi; Gholam-Abbas Nazri; Mehrdad Saif. 2019. "A Bidirectional Power Charging Control Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles." Sustainability 11, no. 16: 4317.
We have prepared nano-structured In-doped (1 mol %) LiFePO4/C samples by sol–gel method followed by a selective high temperature (600 and 700 °C) annealing in a reducing environment of flowing Ar/H2 atmosphere. The crystal structure, particle size, morphology, and magnetic properties of nano-composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microsopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns of the nano-composites were indexed to the olivine crystal structure of LiFePO4 with space group Pnma, showing minor impurities of Fe2P and Li3PO4 due to decomposition of LiFePO4. We found that the doping of In in LiFePO4/C nanocomposites affects the amount of decomposed products, when compared to the un-doped ones treated under similar conditions. An optimum amount of Fe2P present in the In-doped samples enhances the electronic conductivity to achieve a much improved electrochemical performance. The galvanostatic charge/discharge curves show a significant improvement in the electrochemical performance of 700 °C annealed In-doped-LiFePO4/C sample with a discharge capacity of 142 mAh·g−1 at 1 C rate, better rate capability (~128 mAh·g−1 at 10 C rate, ~75% of the theoretical capacity) and excellent cyclic stability (96% retention after 250 cycles) compared to other samples. This enhancement in electrochemical performance is consistent with the results of our electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements showing decreased charge-transfer resistance and high exchange current density.
Ajay Kumar; Parisa Bashiri; Balaji P. Mandal; Kulwinder S. Dhindsa; Khadije Bazzi; Ambesh Dixit; Maryam Nazri; Zhixian Zhou; Vijayendra K. Garg; Aderbal C. Oliveira; Prem P. Vaishnava; Vaman M. Naik; Gholam-Abbas Nazri; Ratna Naik. Optimization of Electrochemical Performance of LiFePO4/C by Indium Doping and High Temperature Annealing. Inorganics 2017, 5, 67 .
AMA StyleAjay Kumar, Parisa Bashiri, Balaji P. Mandal, Kulwinder S. Dhindsa, Khadije Bazzi, Ambesh Dixit, Maryam Nazri, Zhixian Zhou, Vijayendra K. Garg, Aderbal C. Oliveira, Prem P. Vaishnava, Vaman M. Naik, Gholam-Abbas Nazri, Ratna Naik. Optimization of Electrochemical Performance of LiFePO4/C by Indium Doping and High Temperature Annealing. Inorganics. 2017; 5 (4):67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAjay Kumar; Parisa Bashiri; Balaji P. Mandal; Kulwinder S. Dhindsa; Khadije Bazzi; Ambesh Dixit; Maryam Nazri; Zhixian Zhou; Vijayendra K. Garg; Aderbal C. Oliveira; Prem P. Vaishnava; Vaman M. Naik; Gholam-Abbas Nazri; Ratna Naik. 2017. "Optimization of Electrochemical Performance of LiFePO4/C by Indium Doping and High Temperature Annealing." Inorganics 5, no. 4: 67.