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Dr. María Carrasco
Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain

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Review
Published: 30 October 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This review aimed to synthesize evidence regarding interventions based on heart rate variability (HRV)-guided training for VO2max improvements in endurance athletes and address the issues that impact this performance enhancement. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, the Web of Science Core Collection, Global Health, Current Contents Connect, and the SciELO citation index were searched. Inclusion criteria were: randomized controlled trials; studies with trained athletes enrolled in any regular endurance training; studies that recruited men, women, and both sexes combined; studies on endurance training controlled by HRV; studies that measured performance with VO2max. A random-effects meta-analysis calculating the effect size (ES) was used. Moderator analyses (according to the athlete’s level and gender) and metaregression (according to the number of participants in each group) were undertaken to examine differences in ES. HRV-guided training and control training enhanced the athletes’ VO2max (p < 0.0001), but the ES for the HRV-guided training group was significantly higher (p < 0.0001; ESHRVG-CG = 0.187). The amateur level and female subgroup reported better and significant results (p < 0.0001) for VO2max. HRV-guided training had a small (ES = 0.402) but positive effect on endurance athlete performance (VO2max), conditioned by the athlete’s level and sex.

ACS Style

Antonio Granero-Gallegos; Alberto González-Quílez; Daniel Plews; María Carrasco-Poyatos. HRV-Based Training for Improving VO2max in Endurance Athletes. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7999 .

AMA Style

Antonio Granero-Gallegos, Alberto González-Quílez, Daniel Plews, María Carrasco-Poyatos. HRV-Based Training for Improving VO2max in Endurance Athletes. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (21):7999.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Granero-Gallegos; Alberto González-Quílez; Daniel Plews; María Carrasco-Poyatos. 2020. "HRV-Based Training for Improving VO2max in Endurance Athletes. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 7999.

Protocol
Published: 29 July 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Physiological training responses depend on sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) balance. This activity can be measured using heart rate variability (HRV). Such a measurement method can favor individualized training planning to improve athletes’ performance. Recently, HRV-guided training has been implemented both on professional and amateur sportsmen and sportswomen with varied results. There is a dearth of studies involving professional endurance athletes following a defined HRV-guided training protocol. The objectives of the proposed protocol are: (i) to determine changes in the performance of high-level athletes after following an HRV-guided or a traditional training period and (ii) to determine differences in the athletes’ performance after following both training protocols. This will be a 12-week cluster-randomized controlled protocol in which professional athletes will be assigned to an HRV-based training group (HRV-G) or a traditional-based training group (TRAD-G). TRAD-G will train according to a predefined training program. HRV-G training will depend on the athletes’ daily HRV. The maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) attained in an incremental treadmill test will be considered as the primary outcome. It is expected that this HRV-guided training protocol will improve functional performance in the high-level athletes, achieving better results than a traditional training method, and thus providing a good strategy for coaches of high-level athletes.

ACS Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos; Alberto González-Quílez; Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro; Antonio Granero-Gallegos. HRV-Guided Training for Professional Endurance Athletes: A Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5465 .

AMA Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos, Alberto González-Quílez, Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro, Antonio Granero-Gallegos. HRV-Guided Training for Professional Endurance Athletes: A Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (15):5465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos; Alberto González-Quílez; Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro; Antonio Granero-Gallegos. 2020. "HRV-Guided Training for Professional Endurance Athletes: A Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5465.

Journal article
Published: 09 June 2020 in Education Sciences
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The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the dimensionality of the Spanish adaptation of two correlated subscales to assess motivational climate in the university education context: Mastery motivational climate and performance motivational climate. Two different studies with cross-sectional design and different samples of university students were used to accomplish this research (Study 1: 181 students, mean age = 20.83, SD = 1.76; Study 2: 354 students, mean age = 21.84; SD = 1.98). In Study 1, Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and reliability analysis of the scale were conducted. In Study 2, CFA, reliability analysis, discriminant validity, temporal stability, factorial invariance across gender, and nomological validity were managed through a regression model measuring the relationships between democratic and autocratic behavior, mastery climate, and performance climate. The final version of the Motivational Climate in Education Scale showed acceptable goodness of fit and values of discriminant validity, reliability, temporal stability, and invariance across gender. According to its nomological validity, democratic behavior was shown to be a statistically significant predictor of mastery climate, and the teacher’s autocratic behavior was shown to be a statistically significant predictor of performance climate. This scale is a valid and reliable instrument to assess mastery climate and performance climate in the Spanish university educational context.

ACS Style

Antonio Granero-Gallegos; María Carrasco-Poyatos. Spanish Adaptation of Motivational Climate in Education Scale with University Students. Education Sciences 2020, 10, 157 .

AMA Style

Antonio Granero-Gallegos, María Carrasco-Poyatos. Spanish Adaptation of Motivational Climate in Education Scale with University Students. Education Sciences. 2020; 10 (6):157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Granero-Gallegos; María Carrasco-Poyatos. 2020. "Spanish Adaptation of Motivational Climate in Education Scale with University Students." Education Sciences 10, no. 6: 157.

Journal article
Published: 10 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has similar or better effects than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in increasing peak oxygen consumption (VO2max), however, it has not been studied when HIIT is applied in a circuit (HIICT). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a HIICT versus MICT on VO2max estimated (VO2max-ES), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) of middle-aged and older women. A quasi-experimental randomized controlled trial was used. Fifty-four women (67.8 ± 6.2 years) were randomized to either HIICT (n = 18), MICT (n = 18) or non-exercise control group (CG; n = 18) for 18 weeks. Participants in HIICT and MICT trained two days/week (one hour/session). Forty-one participants were assessed (HIICT; n = 17, MICT; n = 12, CG; n = 12). Five adverse events were reported. Cardiorespiratory fitness, HR and BP were measured. The tests were performed before and after the exercise intervention programs. VO2max-ES showed significant training x group interaction, in which HIICT and MICT were statistically superior to CG. Moreover, HIICT and MICT were statistically better than CG in the diastolic blood pressure after exercise (DBPex) interaction. For the systolic blood pressure after exercise (SBPex), HIICT was statistically better than CG. In conclusion, both HIICT and MICT generated adaptations in VO2max-ES and DBPex. Furthermore, only HIICT generated positive effects on the SBPex. Therefore, both training methods can be considered for use in exercise programs involving middle-aged and older women.

ACS Style

Ismael Ballesta-García; Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro; Domingo J Ramos-Campo; María Carrasco-Poyatos. High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1805 .

AMA Style

Ismael Ballesta-García, Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro, Domingo J Ramos-Campo, María Carrasco-Poyatos. High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (5):1805.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ismael Ballesta-García; Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro; Domingo J Ramos-Campo; María Carrasco-Poyatos. 2020. "High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1805.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2019 in PeerJ
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The neuromuscular decline impact in the functional independence of older women is determining the necessity of implementing new strategies focused on core strength training and postural stability maintenance to promote healthy aging. To define whether Pilates or resistance training is better at improving (a) core isometric and isokinetic muscular strength, and (b) static and dynamic balance, in older women. This was a cluster randomized controlled trial. Physically independent older women (60-80 years) from day centers were randomly allocated to Pilates, Muscular and Control Groups (PG, MG and CG) using a block randomization method. Only the research staff performing the assessment and statistical analysis were blinded. Exercise groups trained twice a week (1 h per session) for 18 weeks in a moderate-to-vigorous intensity. Core strength (primary outcome): trunk and hip isometric and hip isokinetic muscular strength (Biodex System III Pro Isokinetic Dynamometer), alongside one leg static balance (portable force platform Kistler 9286AA) and dynamic balance (timed up and go (TUG)) were assessed. A total of 60 participants were randomized (PG, n = 20; MG, n = 20; CG, n = 20) and 49 completed the trial (PG, n = 16; MG, n = 19; CG, n = 14). Regarding hip isometric extension strength, PG was statistically better than CG (P = 0.004). There were no differences between groups regarding isokinetic strength or balance. Intra-group comparisons showed significant improvements (P < 0.05) in the dynamic balance and trunk and hip isometric extension strength for PG and MG, whereas every hip isokinetic measurement was improved in MG. Exercise programs did not produce any adverse event. The Pilates training program was more effective for improving isometric hip and trunk extension strength, while the Muscular training program generated greater benefits on trunk and hip isokinetic strength. Moreover, both training programs showed moderate effects for the TUG. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02506491).

ACS Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos; Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo; Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias. Pilates versus resistance training on trunk strength and balance adaptations in older women: a randomized controlled trial. PeerJ 2019, 7, e7948 .

AMA Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos, Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias. Pilates versus resistance training on trunk strength and balance adaptations in older women: a randomized controlled trial. PeerJ. 2019; 7 ():e7948.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos; Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo; Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias. 2019. "Pilates versus resistance training on trunk strength and balance adaptations in older women: a randomized controlled trial." PeerJ 7, no. : e7948.

Randomized controlled trial
Published: 30 October 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The literature suggests that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is more effective than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) to improve functional ability. However, there is no evidence on including HIIT in a circuit programme (HIICT). Our objective was to determine what type of training (HIICT or MICT) induces greater adaptations in the functional ability and body mass index of middle-aged and older women. The study used a quasi-experimental randomized controlled trial with 54 participants (age = 67.8 ± 6.2 years). Participants were randomly allocated to HIICT (n = 18), MICT (n = 18) or a non-exercise control group (CG; n = 18). The participants in the HIICT or MICT groups trained twice a week (1 h/session) for 18 weeks. Forty-one subjects were analysed (HIICT; n = 17, MICT; n = 12, CG; n = 12). Five subjects presented adverse events during the study. Strength, gait, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance and body mass index were measured. A significant training x group interaction was found in the arm curl test, where HIICT was statistically better than MICT and CG. Likewise, HIICT was statistically better than the CG in the BMI interaction. In lower limb strength, gait/dynamic balance and cardiorespiratory fitness, both HIICT and MICT were statistically better than the CG. In conclusion, HIICT generated better adaptations in upper limb strength than MICT. Likewise, HIICT generated better adaptations in body mass index than CG. Finally, both HIICT and MICT had a similar influence on strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and gait/dynamic balance.

ACS Style

Ismael Ballesta-García; Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro; Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias; María Carrasco-Poyatos. High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4205 .

AMA Style

Ismael Ballesta-García, Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro, Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias, María Carrasco-Poyatos. High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (21):4205.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ismael Ballesta-García; Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro; Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias; María Carrasco-Poyatos. 2019. "High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21: 4205.

Original article
Published: 01 June 2019 in Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte
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Introduction The Pilates Method may be an appropriate form of exercise for improving trunk muscle strength, which can be a predictor of pain and musculoskeletal problems. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the Pilates Method on muscle strength and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles of the trunk in a group of adolescents. Methods The sample consisted of 101 high-school students divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG=81) and a control group (CG=20). The intervention was carried out twice a week for six weeks. Each session lasted 55 minutes, and was divided into three parts: warm-up, main part, and cool down. Muscle strength was assessed by the Sörensen Test and the Bench Trunk-curl Test. The paired sample T-test, the T- test for independent samples, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied. The size of the effect (d) was determined. Results The EG showed significant improvements in both tests (+34.77 points; +18.55 points, respectively). No changes were observed in the CG. The effect size was high (d>1.15) for both tests, which means that the results were improved in a large proportion of the participants. The control group showed a decline in strength of the trunk musculature. In the experimental group, both boys and girls showed significant improvements in both tests. This strength increase was enhanced for a large proportion of boys and girls (d>1.15). The effect size was high (d>1.15) for both tests and for both sexes. Conclusion Six-weeks after implementing the Pilates Method in Physical Education lessons, the muscle strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the trunk in adolescents was improved. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies-Investigation of treatment results.

ACS Style

Noelia González-Gálvez; María Carrasco Poyatos; Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo; Yuri Feito; Rodrigo Gomes De Souza Vale. PILATES TRAINING INDUCES CHANGES IN THE TRUNK MUSCULATURE OF ADOLESCENTS. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 2019, 25, 235 -239.

AMA Style

Noelia González-Gálvez, María Carrasco Poyatos, Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo, Yuri Feito, Rodrigo Gomes De Souza Vale. PILATES TRAINING INDUCES CHANGES IN THE TRUNK MUSCULATURE OF ADOLESCENTS. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte. 2019; 25 (3):235-239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noelia González-Gálvez; María Carrasco Poyatos; Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo; Yuri Feito; Rodrigo Gomes De Souza Vale. 2019. "PILATES TRAINING INDUCES CHANGES IN THE TRUNK MUSCULATURE OF ADOLESCENTS." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 25, no. 3: 235-239.

Review
Published: 01 March 2019 in Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition)
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The HIT is an effective method for improving peak VO in HF and CAD, with a significantly greater increase in HF patients. The recovery intervals should be active and be between 40% and 60% of peak VO in HF patients. Training frequency should be ≥ 2 d/wk for CAD patients and ≥ 3 d/wk for HF patients.

ACS Style

Ismael Ballesta García; Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias; Domingo Jesús Ramos Campo; Ignacio Martínez González-Moro; María Carrasco Poyatos. High-intensity Interval Training Dosage for Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease Cardiac Rehabilitation. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) 2019, 72, 233 -243.

AMA Style

Ismael Ballesta García, Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias, Domingo Jesús Ramos Campo, Ignacio Martínez González-Moro, María Carrasco Poyatos. High-intensity Interval Training Dosage for Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease Cardiac Rehabilitation. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition). 2019; 72 (3):233-243.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ismael Ballesta García; Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias; Domingo Jesús Ramos Campo; Ignacio Martínez González-Moro; María Carrasco Poyatos. 2019. "High-intensity Interval Training Dosage for Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease Cardiac Rehabilitation. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) 72, no. 3: 233-243.

Randomized controlled trial
Published: 10 January 2019 in Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
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And purpose. Trunk endurance and extensibility are the main physical condition factors related to back pain. The goal was to analyse the effectiveness of a 6-week Pilates programme on trunk endurance and extensibility in adolescents with a history of back pain, determining the influence of sex. Fifty-two students with a history of back pain were randomly assigned to the Pilates group (PG; n = 26) or the control group (CG; n = 26). Trunk flexion (BTC test) and extension (SOR test), and hamstring extensibility (TT test) were measured. PG improved significantly BTC, SOR, and TT test. Statistical differences (p = 0.005) were found between the PG and the CG for the SOR test. The Pilates programme enhanced trunk endurance and extensibility in adolescents with a history of back pain. Trunk flexor endurance was better in the PG. Results were not influenced by sex.

ACS Style

Noelia González-Gálvez; Pablo J. Marcos-Pardo; María Carrasco-Poyatos. Functional improvements after a pilates program in adolescents with a history of back pain: A randomised controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 2019, 35, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Noelia González-Gálvez, Pablo J. Marcos-Pardo, María Carrasco-Poyatos. Functional improvements after a pilates program in adolescents with a history of back pain: A randomised controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2019; 35 ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noelia González-Gálvez; Pablo J. Marcos-Pardo; María Carrasco-Poyatos. 2019. "Functional improvements after a pilates program in adolescents with a history of back pain: A randomised controlled trial." Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 35, no. : 1-7.

Comparative study
Published: 08 December 2018 in Physiology & Behavior
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The goal was to analyze two training programs on functionality, balance, and body composition in aged women and to determine the influence of cognitive function. Sixty older women were assigned to the Pilates (PEP), muscular (MEP), and control (CG) groups. PEP had a better general functional condition index than MEP (P = .042). Cognitive function interacted significantly (P ≤ .05) with two items of the GDLAM test. Static balance decreased significantly in the MEP (COPap; P = .04). Total lean body increased in the PEP (P < .001) and the MEP (P = .05). Pilates is more recommended for functionality, whereas MEP is recommended for static balance in older women. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02506491; available from https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02506491). Funding: This work was supported by the San Antonio Catholic University (PMAFI/24/14).

ACS Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos; Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias; Ismael Ballesta-García; Domingo J. Ramos-Campo. Pilates vs. muscular training in older women. Effects in functional factors and the cognitive interaction: A randomized controlled trial. Physiology & Behavior 2018, 201, 157 -164.

AMA Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias, Ismael Ballesta-García, Domingo J. Ramos-Campo. Pilates vs. muscular training in older women. Effects in functional factors and the cognitive interaction: A randomized controlled trial. Physiology & Behavior. 2018; 201 ():157-164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Carrasco-Poyatos; Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias; Ismael Ballesta-García; Domingo J. Ramos-Campo. 2018. "Pilates vs. muscular training in older women. Effects in functional factors and the cognitive interaction: A randomized controlled trial." Physiology & Behavior 201, no. : 157-164.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2018 in Revista Española de Cardiología
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Se ha propuesto el ejercicio interválico de alta intensidad (EIAI) en programas de rehabilitación cardiaca para mejorar el VO2máx. Sin embargo, no se conoce cuál es el mejor protocolo EIAI. El objetivo es encontrar la mejor dosis de EIAI para optimizar el VO2máx de pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) e insuficiencia cardiaca (IC). Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en 6 bases de datos (MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete y SportDiscus). Se incluyeron los estudios que usaban el protocolo EIAI y midieron el VO2máx de pacientes con EAC e IC. Se utilizó la escala PEDro y las herramientas de la Colaboración Cochrane. El análisis mostró mejoras significativas en el VO2máx tras el EIAI en ambas enfermedades (p = 0,000001), con mayor incremento en los pacientes con IC (p = 0,03). Sin embargo, en estos no hubo mejora si la intensidad de recuperación era ≤ 40% del VO2máx (p = 0,19) o la frecuencia de entrenamiento era ≤ 2 días/semana (p = 0,07). Hubo diferencias significativas según la duración entre los pacientes con EAC, que mostraron resultados superiores cuando era < 12 semanas (p = 0,05). Los pacientes con IC no mostraron mejoras significativas en el VO2máx cuando la duración era < 12 semanas (p = 0,1). El EIAI es un método efectivo para mejorar el VO2máx de los pacientes con IC o EAC, con mayor diferencia significativa en los pacientes con IC. Los intervalos de recuperación de los pacientes con IC deben ser activos y estar en un 40-60% del VO2máx. La frecuencia de entrenamiento debería ser ≥ 2 días/semana en la EAC y ≥ 3 días/semana en la IC. High-interval intensity training (HIT) has been suggested to improve peak VO2 in cardiac rehabilitation programs. However, the optimal HIT protocol is unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the most effective doses of HIT to optimize peak VO2 in coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF) patients. A search was conducted in 6 databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, and SportDiscus). Studies using a HIT protocol in CAD or HF patients and measuring peak VO2 were included. The PEDro Scale and Cochrane Collaboration tools were used. Analyses reported significant improvements in peak VO2 after HIT in both diseases (P = .000001), with a higher increase in HF patients (P = .03). Nevertheless, in HF patients, there were no improvements when the intensity recovery was ≤ 40% of peak VO2 (P = .19) and the frequency of training was ≤ 2 d/wk (P = .07). There were significant differences regarding duration in CAD patients, with greater improvements in peak VO2 when the duration was < 12 weeks (P = .05). In HF, programs lasting < 12 weeks did not significantly improve peak VO2 (P = .1). The HIT is an effective method for improving peak VO2 in HF and CAD, with a significantly greater increase in HF patients. The recovery intervals should be active and be between 40% and 60% of peak VO2 in HF patients. Training frequency should be ≥ 2 d/wk for CAD patients and ≥ 3 d/wk for HF patients. Full English text available from: www.revespcardiol.org/en

ACS Style

Ismael Ballesta García; Jacobo Ángel Rubio Arias; Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo; Ignacio Martínez González-Moro; María Carrasco Poyatos. Dosis de ejercicio interválico de alta intensidad en la rehabilitación cardiaca de la insuficiencia cardiaca y la enfermedad arterial coronaria: revisión sistemática y metanálisis. Revista Española de Cardiología 2018, 72, 233 -243.

AMA Style

Ismael Ballesta García, Jacobo Ángel Rubio Arias, Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo, Ignacio Martínez González-Moro, María Carrasco Poyatos. Dosis de ejercicio interválico de alta intensidad en la rehabilitación cardiaca de la insuficiencia cardiaca y la enfermedad arterial coronaria: revisión sistemática y metanálisis. Revista Española de Cardiología. 2018; 72 (3):233-243.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ismael Ballesta García; Jacobo Ángel Rubio Arias; Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo; Ignacio Martínez González-Moro; María Carrasco Poyatos. 2018. "Dosis de ejercicio interválico de alta intensidad en la rehabilitación cardiaca de la insuficiencia cardiaca y la enfermedad arterial coronaria: revisión sistemática y metanálisis." Revista Española de Cardiología 72, no. 3: 233-243.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2016 in Nutrición Hospitalaria
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Introduction: Being physically active is related to a better physical functioning in older people, but daily physical activity impact in specific outcomes such as osteoporosis or sarcopenia is still not clear. Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of daily physical activity (DPA) in the bone mineral density and grip strength of old women. The secondary objective is to distinguish between weekday and weekend day scores. Methods:Forty-two women between 65 and 79 years participated. DPA was monitored with the accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X (Pensacola, FL, USA) placed on the dominant hand wrist. Bone mineral density was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (AccuDEXA, SHICK, USA) in the central finger of the dominant hand; and grip strength, with a Takei dynamometer (TKK 5001).Results: There were statistical differences between moderate and vigorous DPA in age, T-score, physical activity counts/min and min/day, and grip strength. Weekend minutes correlated significantly with all the variables. Age was a confounding factor. Conclusions: Higher DPA intensities accomplished by our old women sample preserve T-score (bone standard deviations respect to young, healthy people) and grip strength in a normal range. These results are strongly influenced by weekend scores. Age should be controlled by shorter ranks.

ACS Style

María Carrasco Poyatos; María Dolores Navarro Sánchez; Ignacio Martínez González-Moro; Delia Reche Orenes. Daily physical activity impact in old women bone density and grip strength. Nutrición Hospitalaria 2016, 33, 1 .

AMA Style

María Carrasco Poyatos, María Dolores Navarro Sánchez, Ignacio Martínez González-Moro, Delia Reche Orenes. Daily physical activity impact in old women bone density and grip strength. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 2016; 33 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Carrasco Poyatos; María Dolores Navarro Sánchez; Ignacio Martínez González-Moro; Delia Reche Orenes. 2016. "Daily physical activity impact in old women bone density and grip strength." Nutrición Hospitalaria 33, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte
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ACS Style

D. Reche-Orenes; M. Carrasco. Aportaciones sobre la eficacia del método Pilates en la fuerza, el equilibrio y el riesgo de caídas de personas mayores. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte 2016, 9, 85 -90.

AMA Style

D. Reche-Orenes, M. Carrasco. Aportaciones sobre la eficacia del método Pilates en la fuerza, el equilibrio y el riesgo de caídas de personas mayores. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte. 2016; 9 (2):85-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Reche-Orenes; M. Carrasco. 2016. "Aportaciones sobre la eficacia del método Pilates en la fuerza, el equilibrio y el riesgo de caídas de personas mayores." Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte 9, no. 2: 85-90.

Artigos originais
Published: 01 February 2015 in Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte
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INTRODUÇÃO: o rápido envelhecimento da população contemporânea tem influenciado no desenvolvimento de estratégias para a prevenção da osteoporose em idosos. A atividade física diária é vista como uma possível estratégia para aumentar a massa óssea e ajudar a prevenir a perda óssea em pessoas idosas. No entanto, é essencial saber a quantidade mínima ou a intensidade adequada de atividade física que produza o aumento da massa óssea em mulheres idosas.OBJETIVO: analisar, durante uma semana, a relação entre a quantidade e a intensidade da atividade física diária com a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) da mão, por meio da quantificação de atividade física diária em idosas.MÉTODOS: a amostra do estudo foi composta por 24 mulheres (idade 66-78 anos), que realizaram atividade física, durante 7 dias, com um gravador da aceleração dos movimentos do corpo em seu pulso, para uma quantificação individual da atividade física. Para medir a densidade mineral óssea da mão direita foi utilizada a técnica de dupla absorção de raios-X (DXA).RESULTADOS: uma relação significativa entre a prática semanal e o T-score (r = 0,99) e a prática semanal horizontal e o T-score (r = 0,99) foi encontrada no osso normal e no grupo ósseo com osteoporose, respectivamente. A relação entre T-score e a quantidade de atividade física não era clara em ambos os grupos.CONCLUSÃO: na amostra analisada, foi encontrada uma associação positiva entre a maior qualidade do osso da mão e a intensidade mais elevada de atividade física. A combinação de absorciometria acelerometria e de raios-X na mão obteve resultados semelhantes ao encontrados com outros métodos menos acessíveis.

ACS Style

María Carrasco; Ignacio Martínez; María Dolores Navarro. Atividade física na vida diária e densidade mineral óssea em mulheres idosas. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 2015, 21, 22 -26.

AMA Style

María Carrasco, Ignacio Martínez, María Dolores Navarro. Atividade física na vida diária e densidade mineral óssea em mulheres idosas. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte. 2015; 21 (1):22-26.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Carrasco; Ignacio Martínez; María Dolores Navarro. 2015. "Atividade física na vida diária e densidade mineral óssea em mulheres idosas." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 21, no. 1: 22-26.

Research article
Published: 29 July 2013 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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L-Citrulline is an excellent candidate to reduce muscle soreness, and watermelon is a fruit rich in this amino acid. This study investigated the potential of watermelon juice as a functional drink for athletes. An in vitro study of intestinal absorption of l-citrulline in Caco-2 cells was performed using unpasteurized (NW), pasteurized (80 °C for 40 s) watermelon juice (PW) and, as control, a standard of l-citrulline. l-citrulline bioavailability was greater when it was contained in a matrix of watermelon and when no heat treatment was applied. In the in vivo experiment (maximum effort test in a cycloergometer), seven athletes were supplied with 500 mL of natural watermelon juice (1.17 g of l-citrulline), enriched watermelon juice (4.83 g of l-citrulline plus 1.17 g from watermelon), and placebo. Both watermelon juices helped to reduce the recovery heart rate and muscle soreness after 24 h.

ACS Style

Martha P. Tarazona-Díaz; Fernando Alacid; María Carrasco; Ignacio Martínez; Encarna Aguayo. Watermelon Juice: Potential Functional Drink for Sore Muscle Relief in Athletes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2013, 61, 7522 -7528.

AMA Style

Martha P. Tarazona-Díaz, Fernando Alacid, María Carrasco, Ignacio Martínez, Encarna Aguayo. Watermelon Juice: Potential Functional Drink for Sore Muscle Relief in Athletes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2013; 61 (31):7522-7528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martha P. Tarazona-Díaz; Fernando Alacid; María Carrasco; Ignacio Martínez; Encarna Aguayo. 2013. "Watermelon Juice: Potential Functional Drink for Sore Muscle Relief in Athletes." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 61, no. 31: 7522-7528.

Sport and exercise medicine and health
Published: 01 March 2012 in European Journal of Sport Science
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a swimming programme and a calisthenics and resistance water training programme, which included aerobic and resistance components, on muscle strength and body weight in postmenopausal women. Both were carried out over a period of 12 months. Ninety-three subjects were randomly assigned to swimming group (SG; n=29), calisthenics and resistance group (CRG; n=34) and control group (CG; n=30). Mean upper-extremities biokinetic force (MF), power (MP) and work (MW) were measured by a biokinetic swim bench (Biometer Swim Bench, Sport Fahnemann). Maximal isometric forces of the trunk flexors (ITF) and knee extensors (IKE) were measured by an isometric strain-gauge dynamometer (T.K.K. 5402, Takei Scientific Instruments Co. Ltd.). Countermovement jump height (CMJ) was evaluated using the Ergojump Bosco System. Energy consumption was measured using a self-administrated food frequency questionnaire (Sanocare Human Systems L.S., Madrid. Spain). Body mass index (BMI) was also measured. CRG improved significantly (p≤0.05) MF increased by 7.92%, MP by 9.08% and MW by 9.3%. SG and CRG demonstrated a significant decrease in BMI (−2.08 and −2.75% respectively). SG, CRG and CG showed a significant decrease in ITF (−5.07, −11.34 and −24.73% respectively) and IKE (−7.99, −12.77 and −29.75% respectively). This decrease was significantly greater in CG compared with SG and CRG. There were no significant changes in CMJ in any group. These results indicate that water exercise has significant implications, improving some health-related components of fitness in postmenopausal women.

ACS Style

María Carrasco; Manuel Vaquero; Manuel Vaquero Abellan. Water training in postmenopausal women: Effect on muscular strength. European Journal of Sport Science 2012, 12, 193 -200.

AMA Style

María Carrasco, Manuel Vaquero, Manuel Vaquero Abellan. Water training in postmenopausal women: Effect on muscular strength. European Journal of Sport Science. 2012; 12 (2):193-200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Carrasco; Manuel Vaquero; Manuel Vaquero Abellan. 2012. "Water training in postmenopausal women: Effect on muscular strength." European Journal of Sport Science 12, no. 2: 193-200.