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Fan Yang
School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639 Longmian Str, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211198, China

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Journal article
Published: 02 April 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Highly variable changes in cognitive functions occur as people get older, and socio-economically disadvantaged older adults are more likely to suffer from cognitive decline. This study aims to identify the longitudinal trend in cognitive functions among different socio-economic groups of older adults. The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) followed up 32,323 individuals aged 65 years and older over a 12-year period. A series of mixed-effects models was used to explicitly assess cohort trend and its socio-economic disparity in the cognitive functions of older adults. Scores for significant increase in cognitive functions by birth cohort were smaller by 0.49, 0.28, and 0.64 among older adults with more educational experience, a lower household income, or economic dependence relative to their counterparts. Scores for differences in cognitive function between older adults with higher and lower incomes were smaller by 0.46 among those living in urban areas than among those living in rural areas. Although there were larger cohort growth trends in cognitive functions among older adults with lower educational attainment, lower household income, and who were economically dependent, effective public intervention targeting these socio-economically disadvantaged populations is still necessary.

ACS Style

Fan Yang; Jiangling Cao; Dongfu Qian; Aixia Ma. Stronger Increases in Cognitive Functions among Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Older Adults in China: A Longitudinal Analysis with Multiple Birth Cohorts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2418 .

AMA Style

Fan Yang, Jiangling Cao, Dongfu Qian, Aixia Ma. Stronger Increases in Cognitive Functions among Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Older Adults in China: A Longitudinal Analysis with Multiple Birth Cohorts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fan Yang; Jiangling Cao; Dongfu Qian; Aixia Ma. 2020. "Stronger Increases in Cognitive Functions among Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Older Adults in China: A Longitudinal Analysis with Multiple Birth Cohorts." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2418.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2019 in International Journal for Equity in Health
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By analyzing the gap of hospitalization service among floating population covered by different medical insurance in Jiangsu Province, this paper aimed to understand the current situation of hospitalized health service utilization (HHSU) among floating population, and to provide policy suggestions for improving HHSU of floating population with different health insurance. The data of this study were obtained from “the National Dynamic Monitoring Survey of Floating Population in 2014”. A total of 12,000 samples of floating population in Jiangsu Province were selected. 57.15% for men and 42.85% for women; 46.95% for those under 30 years old, 39.67% for 30 to 45 years old, 13.38% for over the age of forty-five. Using descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test, exploratory factor analysis, logistic regression and stepwise multiple linear regression, the paper analyzed the difference of HHSU of floating population with different medical insurance in 2014. This study divided basic medical insurance into 3 categories: MIUE (Medical Insurance of Urban Employee), other medical insurances (including new rural cooperative medical system and the medical insurance for urban residents) and no medical insurance. The hospitalization rate of floating population with MIUE (89.95%) was higher than the rate of floating population with other medical insurances (74.76%) and the gap is 15.19%. It was also higher than the rate of floating population with no medical insurance (67.57%) and the gap is 22.38%. (chi-square = 24.958, p = 0.000). 15.34% of floating population with MIUE spent more than 1600 dollars during hospitalization. It was lower than floating population with other medical insurances (16.19%) and no medical insurance (21.62%). The gaps respectively were 0.85 and 6.28% (chi-square = 10.000, p = 0.040). There existed significant differences among hospitalization medical expenses that floating population with different basic medical insurances spent. (chi-square = 225.206, p = 0.000) The type of basic medical insurance had statistical significance on whether the patients were hospitalized (p = 0.003) and whether they were hospitalized (p = 0.014). Logistic regression analysis results showed that “Social structure” (Education, Hukou, Insurance status and Work status) were significantly associated with Should be hospitalized but not and “Education” were significantly associated with Inpatient facilities selection. The stepwise multiple linear regression results presented that “Demography” and “Floating area” influenced In-hospital medical cost and “Social structure” and “Gender” influenced Reimbursement of in-hospital medical cost. Medical insurance type affects the hospitalization health service utilization of floating population, including Should be hospitalized but not and Reimbursement of in-hospital medical cost.

ACS Style

Xinzhao Cai; Fan Yang; Ying Bian. Gap analysis on hospitalized health service utilization in floating population covered by different medical insurances: case study from Jiangsu Province, China. International Journal for Equity in Health 2019, 18, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Xinzhao Cai, Fan Yang, Ying Bian. Gap analysis on hospitalized health service utilization in floating population covered by different medical insurances: case study from Jiangsu Province, China. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2019; 18 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xinzhao Cai; Fan Yang; Ying Bian. 2019. "Gap analysis on hospitalized health service utilization in floating population covered by different medical insurances: case study from Jiangsu Province, China." International Journal for Equity in Health 18, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2018 in International Journal for Equity in Health
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Abdominal obesity has become an important public health issue in China. Socioeconomic disparities are thought to be closely related to the prevalence of abdominal obesity. Exploring socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the life course in China could inform the design of new interventions to prevent and control abdominal obesity. The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was a prospective household-based study involving seven rounds of surveys between 1993 and 2011. Twenty three thousand, two hundred and forty-three individuals were followed up over an 18-year period. The mixed effects models with random intercepts were used to assess the effects on abdominal obesity. Six key socioeconomic indicators, with age and age-squared added to the models, were used to identify socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the adult life course. Prevalence of abdominal obesity increased non-linearly with age over the adult life course. Abdominal obesity was more prevalent in younger than older birth cohorts. Positive period effects on the prevalence of abdominal obesity were substantial from 1993 to 2011, and were stronger among males than females. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was higher among ethnic Han Chinese and among the married [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): 0.03(0.003, 0.057) and 0.035(0.022, 0.047), respectively], and was lower among males [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): − 0.065(− 0.075,-0.055)]. A higher-level of urbanization and higher household income increased the probability of abdominal obesity [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): 0.160(0.130, 0.191), 3.47E− 4 (2.23E− 4, 4.70E− 4), respectively], while individuals with more education were less likely to experience abdominal obesity [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): − 0.222 (− 0.289, − 0.155)] across adulthood. In China, abdominal obesity increased substantially in more recent cohorts. And people with lower educational attainment, with higher household income, or living in more urbanized communities may be the disadvantaged population of abdominal obesity over the adult life course. Effective interventions targeting the vulnerable population need to be developed.

ACS Style

Panpan Zhao; Xiaoli Gu; Dongfu Qian; Fan Yang. Socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the life course in China. International Journal for Equity in Health 2018, 17, 96 .

AMA Style

Panpan Zhao, Xiaoli Gu, Dongfu Qian, Fan Yang. Socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the life course in China. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2018; 17 (1):96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panpan Zhao; Xiaoli Gu; Dongfu Qian; Fan Yang. 2018. "Socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the life course in China." International Journal for Equity in Health 17, no. 1: 96.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2016 in International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
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Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is rapidly increasing in developing countries. The aim of the study was to provide the latest nationwide estimate on the prevalence of MetS in china. Using a complex, multistage, probability sampling design, a cross-sectional study was performed in a nationally representative sample of 17,708 adults aged 45 years and older from 28 provinces in 2011–2012. MetS was defined by the “Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome (HMS),” the guidelines from the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (modified ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition, respectively. Overall, the age-standardized prevalence of MetS defined by the modified ATP III criteria was 33.7 %, but the prevalence defined by the new HMS and IDF definition significantly increased to 43.4 and 36.2 %, respectively. And prevalence of central obesity was considerably higher (52.1 vs. 24.0 %) with the HMS (or IDF) criteria than with the modified ATP III criteria. The age-standardized prevalence of high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL cholesterol was 54.1, 57.7, 27.6, and 43.1 %, respectively. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was rapidly increasing in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. We may bear a higher MetS-related burden and underscore the need for strategies aimed at the prevention, detection, and treatment of MetS and special attention should be paid to elderly women population.

ACS Style

Fan Yang. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 2016, 37, 176 -182.

AMA Style

Fan Yang. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. 2016; 37 (2):176-182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fan Yang. 2016. "Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the middle-aged and older Chinese population." International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 37, no. 2: 176-182.

Comparative study
Published: 08 December 2015 in Journal of the American Society of Hypertension
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The international comparisons that provided useful epidemiologic information of hypertension in the elderly people is still sparse; we aim to provide the latest international estimates on the burden of hypertension. These sampling methods of the selection of surveys mainly used multistage population registry; this cross-national study of 63,014 adults aged ≥50 years was from in four high-income countries, four upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), and three low-middle-income countries (LMICs). Overall, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension among the adult population aged ≥50 years was 53.2% (51.9% of men and 54.3% of women). The high-income countries and UMICs had more or less twice the prevalence of hypertension compare with LMICs. The rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 55.6%, 44.1%, and 17.1%, respectively, and awareness and control of hypertension were lowest in UMICs and treatment of hypertension was lowest in LMICs. Among this multiple national study population, hypertension was very common among elderly population. Even more worrisome is that the rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were relatively low in UMICs and IMICs. These results indicate that improving the ability to control and prevention of hypertension in resource-limited settings is needed.

ACS Style

Fan Yang; Dongfu Qian; Dan Hu. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the older population: results from the multiple national studies on ageing. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension 2015, 10, 140 -148.

AMA Style

Fan Yang, Dongfu Qian, Dan Hu. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the older population: results from the multiple national studies on ageing. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension. 2015; 10 (2):140-148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fan Yang; Dongfu Qian; Dan Hu. 2015. "Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the older population: results from the multiple national studies on ageing." Journal of the American Society of Hypertension 10, no. 2: 140-148.